CN102494085A - Mechanical supercharger with speed change function - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a mechanical supercharger with a speed change function. A gear III (8) of the mechanical supercharger, which is installed on an input shaft (2), is meshed with a gear IV (21) installed on a driving shaft (16); a driving gear (18) installed on the driving shaft (16) is meshed with a driven gear (10) installed on a driven shaft (12); the input shaft (2) is also provided with a gear I (7) and a clutch mechanism (6) capable of controlling the gear I (7) to rotate and idle; the gear I (7) is meshed with a gear II (22) installed on the driving shaft (16); the driving shaft (16) is provided with a unilateral bearing (20); and the unilateral bearing (20) is set to be a structure capable of controlling the gear IV (21) to rotate and idle. The mechanical supercharger disclosed by the invention has a speed change function, and therefore, the supercharger and an engine can better carry out dynamic characteristic balance at different revolving speeds.

Description

A mechanical supercharger with variable speed function

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile engines, and more specifically relates to a supercharger with a speed change function.

Background technique

A supercharger is a device that pressurizes the air taken in above the normal air pressure. Tests have shown that the power and torque of the engine using a supercharger are increased by an average of 31% to 46%, especially in places with low air density and high altitudes. , to ensure the normal working requirements of the engine, so the use of superchargers is an effective way to improve the power performance, transient performance and emission performance of vehicle engines.

Usually, the supercharger is directly connected to the engine crankshaft by a belt, so the power of the supercharger comes from the engine, and the speed of the supercharger with a fixed speed ratio is a fixed ratio to the engine speed. When the engine is running at a low speed, especially at 1000-2000rpm, the speed of the supercharger is low, the effect of the supercharger on the supercharging of the engine is not obvious, and the improvement of engine power and torque is limited. When the engine is running at high speed, especially at 4000-5000rpm, although the supercharger running at high speed provides a large boost pressure for the engine, it also consumes more engine power, which in turn worsens the fuel efficiency of the engine. economy. Therefore, it is difficult for an ordinary supercharger to match the engine well within the full operating range of the engine.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, provide a belt that can make the supercharger have a speed change function, so that the supercharger can better balance the dynamic characteristics of the engine at different speeds. Supercharger with variable speed function.

To solve the technical problems described above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

The present invention is a mechanical supercharger with variable speed function, which comprises a supercharger housing. An input shaft, a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a gear III and a The gear IV installed on the driving shaft meshes, and the driving gear installed on the driving shaft meshes with the driven gear installed on the driven shaft. The input shaft is also equipped with gear I and can control the rotation and idling of gear I. The clutch mechanism, the gear I meshes with the gear II installed on the driving shaft, a one-way bearing is installed on the driving shaft, and the one-way bearing is set as a structure capable of controlling the rotation and idling of the gear IV.

The driving shaft is arranged in parallel with the driven shaft in space, the gear IV on the driving shaft is arranged between the gear II and the driving gear, and the driving rotor and driven rotor They are respectively installed on the driving shaft and the driven shaft, and the clutch mechanism is a mechanical clutch mechanism.

The clutch mechanism includes a flying pendulum, a flying pendulum bracket, a pressure plate, a friction plate, a driven plate, and a compression spring. The pressure plate is in interference connection with the input shaft. Half of the friction plate is a convex piece, and the other half is a concave piece. The protruding pieces and concave pieces are alternately set on the pressure plate, the driven plate is set on the outer ring of the pressure plate, the compression spring is installed between the driven plate and the gear I, the compression spring is set on the guide pin, the driven plate and the gear I is connected by a plurality of guide pins, and the plurality of flying pendulums are movably installed in the groove positions of the flying pendulum bracket by pins.

The one-way bearing includes an outer ring, a roller, and a star wheel. The star wheel is clamped in the outer ring, and the roller is installed in the cavity formed by the outer ring and the star wheel through a return spring.

The front end of the input shaft is supported in the supercharger housing by a deep groove ball bearing I, and the rear end of the input shaft is supported on a support plate by another deep groove ball bearing II.

The gear I is supported on the input shaft by the deep groove ball bearing III, the gear II is in interference connection with the drive shaft, the driven shaft is supported on the bearing plate and the rotor housing through the deep groove ball bearing IV, and the gear III is connected to the driven shaft Shaft interference connection.

Adopt technical scheme of the present invention, can obtain following beneficial effect:

In the supercharger of the present invention, its speed change does not require a separate gear shift adjustment mechanism, and it is achieved by balancing the axial component force of the centrifugal force generated by the flying pendulum 24 and the spring force of the compression spring 29 when different speeds are input. Control the opening and closing of the mechanical clutch mechanism 6, thereby controlling whether to transmit power between the gear I7 and the gear II22, and because the gear III8 and the gear IV21 are gears with a reduction gear ratio and the outer ring 31 of the one-way bearing 20 passes through the inner hole of the gear IV21 The overrunning function of the one-way bearing 20 can be used to keep whether the power is transmitted between the gear III8 and the gear IV21.

The supercharger of the present invention has a speed changing function, so that it can achieve a better balance of power characteristics with the engine at different speeds.

The mechanical supercharger in the present invention has a wide range of working transmission ratios. Compared with ordinary superchargers, it can be better matched to the engine, and it is easy to form an ideal match with the engine, thereby improving the combustion process and reducing fuel consumption and emissions. , with high transmission efficiency, less power loss and high economy.

In the mechanical supercharger of the present invention, the shifting of gears is completely automatic, and no control systems such as electric power, hydraulic pressure or air pressure are needed. For various engines and different working conditions, the speed and supercharging ratio of the supercharger of the present invention can be changed through the adjustment of the clutch mechanism, the one-way bearing and the transmission ratio of the two pairs of gears.

Description of drawings

The following is a brief description of the contents expressed in the drawings of this manual and the marks in the drawings:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the mechanical supercharger with variable speed function described in the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structure schematic diagram when the clutch mechanism of the supercharger with shifting function according to the present invention is in an engaged state;

Fig. 3 is the structure schematic diagram when the clutch mechanism of the supercharger with shifting function according to the present invention is in a disengaged state;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the dispersed structure of each part of the clutch mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the one-way bearing according to the present invention;

Description of drawings: 1. Pulley; 2. Input shaft; 3. Oil seal; 4. Supercharger housing; 5. Deep groove ball bearing I; 6. Clutch mechanism; 7. Gear I; 8. Gear III; 9 , supporting plate; 10, driven gear; 11, bearing plate; 12, driven shaft; 13, driven rotor; 14, deep groove ball bearing III; 15, needle bearing; 16, driving shaft; 17, driving rotor ;18, driving gear; 19, positioning screw; 20, one-way bearing; 21, gear IV; 22, gear II; 23, column pin; 24, flying pendulum; 25, flying pendulum bracket; 26, pressure plate; 27, Friction plate; 28, driven disc; 29, compression spring; 30, guide pin; 31, outer ring; 32, roller; 33, star wheel; 34, return spring; 35, deep groove ball bearing IV; 36, Groove; 37, cavity; 38, rotor shell; 39, deep groove ball bearing II.

Detailed ways

Below with reference to the accompanying drawings, through the description of the embodiments, the specific embodiments of the present invention, such as the shape, structure, mutual position and connection relationship between the various parts, the role and working principle of the various parts, etc., will be further described. Detailed instructions:

As shown in accompanying drawing 1-accompanying drawing 5, the present invention is a kind of mechanical supercharger with variable speed function, comprises supercharger housing 4, and input shaft 2 is installed in described supercharger housing 4, Driving shaft 16, driven shaft 12, the gear III8 installed on the input shaft 2 meshes with the gear IV21 installed on the driving shaft 16, the driving gear 18 installed on the driving shaft 16 and the slave gear installed on the driven shaft 12 The movable gear 10 meshes, and the input shaft 2 is also equipped with a gear I7 and a clutch mechanism 6 capable of controlling the rotation and idling of the gear I7. The gear I7 meshes with the gear II22 installed on the driving shaft 16, and the driving shaft 16 One-way bearing 20 is installed on the top, and one-way bearing 20 is set to the structure that can control gear IV21 rotation, idling.

The drive shaft 16 is set to a structure arranged parallel to the driven shaft 12 in space, the gear IV21 on the drive shaft 16 is set to a structure located between the gear II22 and the drive gear 18, and the drive rotor 17 and the driven rotor 13 are installed on the driving shaft 16 and the driven shaft 12 respectively, and the clutch mechanism 6 is a mechanical clutch mechanism.

The clutch mechanism 6 includes a flying pendulum 24, a flying pendulum bracket 25, a pressure plate 26, a friction plate 27, a driven plate 28, a compression spring 29, the pressure plate 26 is in interference connection with the input shaft 2, half of the friction plate 27 It is a protruding piece, and the other half is a concave piece. The convex piece and the concave piece are alternately set on the pressure plate 26, the driven plate 28 is set on the outer ring of the pressure plate 26, and the compression spring 29 is installed between the driven plate 28 and the gear I7. , the compression spring 29 is sleeved on the guide pin 30, the driven plate 28 and the gear I7 are connected through a plurality of guide pins 30, and the plurality of flying pendulums 24 are movably installed in the groove 36 of the flying pendulum bracket 25 through pins 23 Location.

The one-way bearing 20 includes an outer ring 31, a roller 32, and a star wheel 33. The star wheel 33 is clamped in the outer ring 31, and the roller 32 is installed on the outer ring 31 and the star wheel through a return spring 34. 33 formed in the cavity 37.

The front end of the input shaft 2 is supported in the supercharger housing 4 by a deep groove ball bearing I5, and the rear end of the input shaft 2 is supported on the support plate 9 by another deep groove ball bearing II39.

The gear I7 is supported on the input shaft 2 by the deep groove ball bearing III14, the gear II22 is in interference connection with the driving shaft 16, and the driven shaft 12 is supported on the bearing plate 11 and the rotor housing 38 through the deep groove ball bearing IV35, Gear III8 is interference coupled with driven shaft 12 .

The structure of the supercharger of the present invention is shown in Figure 1. A clutch mechanism 6, a one-way bearing 20, and two pairs of gears with different transmission ratios are installed in the supercharger housing 4. The two pairs of gears with different transmission ratios include a gear set with a speed increasing ratio consisting of gear I7 and gear II22 and a gear set with a reduction ratio consisting of gear III8 and gear IV21. Also housed in the supercharger housing 4 is a pair of proportional gears: driving gear 18 and driven gear 10 . A pair of rotors are also housed in the supercharger housing: a driving rotor 17 and a driven rotor 13 .

The clutch mechanism 6 is installed on the input shaft 2, and the one-way bearing 20 is installed on the drive shaft 16. Two pairs of gears with different transmission ratios transmit torque between the input shaft 6 and the drive shaft 16 . When working, one pair of gears is running, and the other pair of gears is in neutral. Because the transmission ratios of these two pairs of gears are different, there is a two-stage speed change function of the supercharger, which can satisfy the power balance of the engine at high speed and low speed. The clutch mechanism 6 is connected with the speed-up transmission ratio gear I7, and the gear IV21 of the speed-down transmission ratio is in interference fit with the outer ring 31 of the one-way bearing 20 .

As accompanying drawing 2, accompanying drawing 3, shown in accompanying drawing 4, clutch mechanism 6 of the present invention comprises: flying pendulum support 25, pressure plate 26, friction plate 27, driven plate 28, hold down spring 29 and flying pendulum 24. The front end of the input shaft 2 of the supercharger is supported in the supercharger housing 4 by the deep groove ball bearing I5, and the rear end of the input shaft 2 is supported on the support plate 9 by the deep groove ball bearing II39.

In the supercharger of the present invention, the determination of the critical speed for determining the high speed and the low speed depends on the matching with the engine, so it can be set according to the requirements of different models. By setting the critical speed, the balance point between the axial component force of the centrifugal force generated by the flying pendulum 24 and the spring force of the compression spring 29 can be calculated. The size of the centrifugal force of the flying pendulum 24 depends on the critical rotational speed in the axial component force, and the size of the torque transmitted by the clutch mechanism 6 depends on the size of the friction force, and the friction force is affected by the following factors: compression spring 29 compression force, friction coefficient, The number of friction surfaces and the size of friction surfaces. Friction force: F=u*P, where u-friction coefficient; (friction force depends on the size, material, surface roughness of the friction plate itself, etc.), P——pressure.

In the present invention, after the friction plate 27 in the clutch mechanism 6 is used for a long time, wear and tear will occur. At this time, the spring force of the compression spring 29 required by the closed state of the clutch mechanism 6 will become smaller, and the required flying pendulum of the balance will be reduced. The axial component force of the centrifugal force produced by 24 also decreases. Therefore, the critical speed will decrease, and the transmitted torque at the critical speed will also decrease.

As shown in Figure 5, in the supercharger of the present invention, the roller 32 in the one-way bearing 20 is always in contact with the outer ring 31 and the star wheel 33 under the spring force of the return spring 34, when the outer ring 31 When actively rotating counterclockwise or the star wheel 33 actively rotating clockwise, the one-way bearing 20 enters into the wedging state, that is, the working state; otherwise, the one-way bearing 20 is in the disengaged state.

When the engine is output at low speed (the parameters of the specific speed of the low-speed working condition are set according to the requirements of different models), the pulley 1 inputs the speed, so that the centrifugal force generated by the flying pendulum 24 in the axial direction is smaller than the compacting force. The spring force of the spring 34, the gear 17 and the hold-down spring 29 now press the driven plate 28 and the friction plate 27 on the pressure plate 26, so that the clutch mechanism 6 is in the engaged state, and the torque of the engine is just by the pressure plate 26, The friction between the friction plate 27 and the driven disc 28 is transmitted to the gear I7 for output. At this time, the star wheel 33 in the one-way bearing 20 inside the supercharger moves counterclockwise, and the one-way bearing 20 is in a disengaged state. At this time, between the input shaft 2 and the drive shaft 16 according to the speed increase of the gear I7 and the gear II22 The transmission ratio transmits torque, and the rotational speed of the drive shaft 16 is equal to a multiple of the input rotational speed. Transmitted by the proportional transmission gear, the rotational speed of the driven shaft 12 is equal to the rotational speed of the driving shaft 16 . Then a pair of rotors (driving rotor 17 and driven rotor 13) perform air compression according to multiple input speeds.

When the engine is output at a high speed (the parameters of the specific speed of the high speed working condition are set according to the requirements of different models), the input speed of the pulley 1 makes the axial component of the centrifugal force generated by the flying pendulum 24 greater than that of the compression spring 34 spring force, the driven plate 28 will be pushed away by the flying pendulum 24, and the compression spring 29 will be compressed. state, the torque of the engine cannot be transmitted to the output of the gear I7, and the speed of the driving shaft 16 of the supercharger drops at this instant, and the speed of the star wheel 33 in the one-way bearing 20 is the same as the speed of the outer ring 31 or the speed of the outer ring 31 is greater than The rotation speed of the star wheel 33 can be regarded as the outer ring 31 of the one-way bearing 20 actively rotating counterclockwise at this time, which is in an engaged state, that is, the one-way bearing 20 is in a working state. Then the torque is transmitted between the input shaft 2 and the drive shaft 16 according to the reduction transmission ratio of the gear III8 and the gear IV21, and the speed of the drive shaft is equal to a fraction of the input speed. Torque is transmitted through the proportional transmission gear, the rotating speed of driven shaft 12 is equal to the rotating speed of driving shaft 16, and then a pair of rotors (driving rotor 17 and driven rotor 13) perform air compression according to a fraction of the input rotating speed.

The mechanical supercharger of the present invention has the functions of self-control and variable-speed transmission. When the engine rotates at a low speed, the one-way bearing of the supercharger is disengaged, and the mechanical clutch mechanism is closed. At this time, the speed-up ratio gear (composed of gear I7 and gear II22) transmits torque to achieve the purpose of supercharging. Along with engine rotating speed increases, supercharger clutch mechanism 6 realizes and realizes automatic shift speed change, and at this moment, clutch mechanism 6 is in open state, and one-way bearing 20 is in wedging state, and now low speed ratio gear (gear III8, gear IV21) transmits torque to meet the high-efficiency operation of the supercharger at higher engine speeds.

In the supercharger of the present invention, its speed change does not require a separate gear shift adjustment mechanism, and it is achieved by balancing the axial component force of the centrifugal force generated by the flying pendulum 24 and the spring force of the compression spring 29 when different speeds are input. Control the opening and closing of the mechanical clutch mechanism 6, thereby controlling whether to transmit power between the gear I7 and the gear II22, and because the gear III8 and the gear IV21 are gears with a reduction gear ratio and the outer ring 31 of the one-way bearing 20 passes through the inner hole of the gear IV21 The overrunning function of the one-way bearing 20 can be used to keep whether the power is transmitted between the gear III8 and the gear IV21.

The supercharger of the present invention has a speed changing function, so that it can achieve a better balance of power characteristics with the engine at different speeds.

The mechanical supercharger in the present invention has a wide range of working transmission ratios. Compared with ordinary superchargers, it can be better matched to the engine, and it is easy to form an ideal match with the engine, thereby improving the combustion process and reducing fuel consumption and emissions. , with high transmission efficiency, less power loss and high economy.

In the mechanical supercharger of the present invention, the shifting of gears is completely automatic, and no control systems such as electric power, hydraulic pressure or air pressure are needed. For various engines and different working conditions, the speed and supercharging ratio of the supercharger of the present invention can be changed through the adjustment of the mechanical clutch mechanism, the one-way bearing and the transmission ratio of the two pairs of gears.

The present invention has been exemplarily described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned manner, as long as various improvements are adopted in the method concept and technical solutions of the present invention, or the present invention is converted without improvement. The ideas and technical solutions of the invention that are directly applied to other occasions are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. mechanical supercharger with speed changing function; Comprise pressurized machine housing (4); It is characterized in that: input shaft (2) is installed, driving shaft (16), driven shaft (12) in the described pressurized machine housing (4); Be installed in gear III (8) and gear IV (21) engagement that is installed on the driving shaft (16) on the input shaft (2); Be installed in driving gear (18) and driven gear (10) engagement that is installed on the driven shaft (12) on the driving shaft (16), gear I (7) also be installed on the described input shaft (2) and can control gear I (7) rotate, the clutch mechanism (6) of idle running, described gear I (7) and the gear II (22) that is installed on the driving shaft (16) mesh; Described driving shaft (16) go up to be installed unilateral bearing (20), and unilateral bearing (20) is set to can control gear IV (21) to rotate, the structure of idle running.

2. the mechanical supercharger of band speed changing function according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the structure that described driving shaft (16) is set to and driven shaft (12) spatially is arranged in parallel; Gear IV (21) on the described driving shaft (16) is set to be positioned at the structure between gear II (22) and the driving gear (18); Described power rotor (17) and driven rotor (13) are installed in respectively on driving shaft (16) and the driven shaft (12), and described clutch mechanism (6) is a mechanical clutch mechanism.

3. the mechanical supercharger of band speed changing function according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that: described clutch mechanism (6) comprises and flies pendulum (24), flies swinging rack (25), platen (26), friction plate (27), driven disc (28), holddown spring (29), platen (26) and input shaft (2) interference fit joint; The half the of friction plate (27) is lug; Second half is recessed, lug and recessed staggered being sleeved on the platen (26), and driven disc (28) is sleeved on platen (26) outer ring; Holddown spring (29) is installed between driven disc (28) and the gear I (7); Holddown spring (29) is sleeved on the guide finger (30), and driven disc (28) connects through a plurality of guide fingers (30) with gear I (7), and described a plurality of pendulum (24) that fly are movably arranged on groove (36) position that flies swinging rack (25) through pin (23).

4. the mechanical supercharger of band speed changing function according to claim 3; It is characterized in that: described unilateral bearing (20) comprises outer ring (31); Roller (32); Star-wheel (33), described star-wheel (33) are installed in the outer ring (31), and described roller (32) is installed in the cavity (37) of outer ring (31) and star-wheel (33) formation through Returnning spring (34).

5. the mechanical supercharger of band speed changing function according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: the front end of described input shaft (2) is bearing in the pressurized machine housing (4) by deep groove ball bearing I (5), and the rear end of input shaft (2) is bearing on the dunnage (9) by another deep groove ball bearing II (39).

6. the mechanical supercharger of band speed changing function according to claim 5; It is characterized in that: described gear I (7) is bearing on the input shaft (2) by deep groove ball bearing III (14); Gear II (22) and driving shaft (16) interference fit joint; Driven shaft (12) is bearing on shaft bearing plate (11) and the rotor housing (38) through deep groove ball bearing IV (35), gear III (8) and driven shaft (12) interference fit joint.

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