CN102467522B - Self-programming method and device of file system based on NAND flash - Google Patents
Self-programming method and device of file system based on NAND flash Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-programming method of a file system based on NAND flash, which comprises the steps that the binary file of the file system is analyzed to acquire a file system information file; and after electrification, a boot loader program reads the data of the file system information file from the NAND flash, saves the data and checks whether the check code, the magic number and/or the unique identification code of the file system information file in the file system information file are all correct or not, and if so, the programming of the file system is conducted. The invention additionally discloses a self-programming device of the file system based on the NAND flash. By adopting the method and the device disclosed by the invention, the programming of the file system can be rapidly realized, the requirements on programming equipment and technicians can be reduced, and the development cost and the production cost can also be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a self-programming technique of a file system, and more particularly, to a self-programming method and apparatus of a file system based on a NAND FLASH memory (FLASH).
Background
NAND FLASH is a kind of FLASH, which adopts non-linear macro-cell mode inside, and provides cheap and effective solution for the realization of solid-state large-capacity memory. NAND FLASH has been widely used in the industry because it has advantages such as large capacity and high rewriting speed, and is suitable for storing large amounts of data.
In an embedded system, NAND FLASH is generally used as a storage for programs and data, and NAND FLASH is managed by a File system such as a File Allocation Table (FAT), a journal File system (JFFS) of a Flash memory device, a yaffs (yet other Flash File system), or the like. The file system has recorded therein the file and directory information stored at NAND FLASH, and the file system identifies files, directories and other information by different data identifiers. There are also files and directories that the file system identifies by writing in the spare area of NAND FLASH, also called OOB area. At the same time, the file system is also saved NAND FLASH in binary form.
Currently, NAND FLASH-based programming that is widely used is implemented by using NAND FLASH programmer, NAND FLASH programming interface of embedded Central Processing Unit (CPU), Boot Loader program of network file system combined with embedded system, or some special programming device. Among them, the NAND FLASH programmer programmed NAND FLASH faster but more expensive, and the model of NAND FLASH supported by the programmer is limited; although the NAND FLASH programming interface of the embedded CPU is convenient to program, all file systems cannot be programmed, and the speed is slow; when a method of combining a network file system with a Boot Loader program of an embedded system is used for programming the file system, the functions of the Boot Loader program, a network file system server and a network need to be relied on, and the Boot Loader program or the starting parameters of an operating system need to be manually set and different system commands need to be used for many times in the using process, so that the file system can be correctly programmed. The whole process is time-consuming, has high requirements on personnel and is not suitable for large-scale production; dedicated programming equipment is expensive and typically requires the use of a network, thus resulting in leakage of data.
In summary, the conventional programming process has the disadvantages of time consumption and high requirements on equipment and technology.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the main objective of the present invention is to provide a self-programming method and apparatus for a file system based on NAND FLASH, so as to solve the problems of time consuming and high requirements for devices and technologies in the conventional self-programming process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention provides a self-programming method of a NAND FLASH-based file system, which comprises the following steps:
converting the directory structure of the root file system into a binary file of the file system;
analyzing a binary file of the file system to obtain a file system information file;
after power-on, the Boot Loader program reads and stores the data of the file system information file from NAND FLASH, checks whether the check code of the file system information file in the file system information file and the magic number and/or the unique identification code are all correct, and programs the file system after the check code, the magic number and/or the unique identification code are all correct.
In the above scheme, the analyzing the binary file of the file system to obtain the file system information file includes:
setting magic numbers and/or unique identification codes according to pre-configured file system information file configuration information;
and calculating the check code of the file system information file by using the magic number and/or the unique identification code.
In the foregoing solution, the analyzing a binary file of a file system to obtain a file system information file further includes: calculating a file system data check code by using data in a binary file of a file system; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and analyzing data in the binary file of the file system to obtain a file system information file.
In the above scheme, before powering on, the method further includes: the Boot Loader program, the operating system, the file system information file and the binary file of the file system are written NAND FLASH through the NANDFLASH programming interface of the CPU.
In the above scheme, the programming of the file system is as follows:
the Boot Loader program reads the file system data according to the address appointed in the file system information file or fixed NAND FLASH appointed address;
then erasing the area needing to be written in the file system data;
writing NAND FLASH the system file data from the initial position specified in the file system information file or the initial position specified by fixed NAND FLASH according to the file system type and the programming method recorded in the file system information file or agreed until all the read file system data are written;
and modifying the data of the file system information file into a rewritten identifier.
In the foregoing solution, when the file system information file includes a file system data check code, before erasing an area in which file system data needs to be written, the method further includes:
calculating a file system data check code according to the read file system data;
and comparing the calculated file system data check code with the file system data check code in the file system information file, and erasing the area needing to be written in the file system data after the same is determined.
In the above solution, before reading and saving the data of the file system information file from NAND FLASH, the method further includes:
and after the Boot Loader program is started, initializing the equipment.
The invention also provides a self-programming device of the NAND FLASH-based file system, which comprises: the system comprises a binary conversion unit, an analysis unit and a Boot Loader program unit; wherein,
a binary conversion unit for converting the directory structure of the root file system into a binary file of the file system;
the analysis unit is used for analyzing the binary file of the file system to obtain a file system information file;
and the Boot Loader program unit is used for reading and storing the data of the file system information file from the NAND FLASH after being electrified, checking whether the check code and the magic number and/or the unique identification code of the file system information file in the file system information file are correct or not, and programming the file system after the check code, the magic number and/or the unique identification code are correct.
In the above solution, the apparatus further includes an NAND FLASH programming interface carried by the CPU, and is used to write the Boot Loader program, the operating system, the file system information file, and the binary file of the file system into NAND FLASH.
According to the NAND FLASH-based self-programming scheme of the file system, the Boot Loader program reads and stores data of the file system information file from NAND FLASH, checks whether the check code, magic number and/or unique identification code of the file system information file in the file system information file are correct or not, and programs the file system after the check code, magic number and/or unique identification code are correct.
In addition, Boot Loader programs, operating systems, file system information files and binary files of the file systems are written into NAND FLASH through NAND FLASH programming interfaces of the CPU, external equipment does not need to be additionally used for writing, and therefore safety of data written into NAND FLASH can be guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a self-programming method of a file system based on NAND FLASH according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a self-programming method of a file system based on NAND FLASH according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a self-programming device of a file system based on NAND FLASH according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The self-programming method of the NAND FLASH-based file system, as shown in FIG. 1, includes the following steps:
step 101: analyzing a binary file of the file system to obtain a file system information file;
here, the file system information file includes a check code and a magic number of the file system information file, and/or a unique identification code, and further, may further include: file system data check codes and/or file system information; wherein, the magic number and/or the unique identification code are used for identifying the identity of the file system information file; the file system information may further include: the byte number of the file system, the block number occupied by the file system, the page number occupied by the file system, the programming mode of the file system, the initial position of the file system and other information required in the programming process; the file system data check code is used for checking the correctness of the file system data;
the analyzing the binary file of the file system to obtain the file system information file specifically comprises:
setting magic numbers and/or unique identification codes according to pre-configured file system information file configuration information;
calculating a check code of the file system information file by using the magic number and/or the unique identification code;
specifically, if the file system information file configuration information contains a magic number, calculating the check code of the file system information file by using the magic number, if the file system information file configuration information contains a unique identification code, calculating the check code of the file system information file by using the unique identification code, and if the file system information file configuration information contains the magic number and the unique identification code, calculating the check code of the file system information file by using the magic number and the unique identification code; the method used for calculating may be any method of all existing Check codes, such as a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) method;
magic numbers and/or unique identification codes can be set as any character strings;
the file system information file configuration information comprises a check code, a magic number and/or a unique identification code of a file system information file and/or a file system data check code and/or file system information, in other words, data in the file system information file is determined by the content of the configuration information; for example, a user requires higher security, and in subsequent operations, a self-programming process is performed according to file system information in a file system information file, so that the configuration information of the file system information file can be configured to be a check code, a magic number, a unique identification code, a file system data check code and file system information of the file system information file;
when the file system information file configuration information includes the file system data check code, the process of obtaining the file system information file may further include:
calculating a file system data check code by using data in a binary file of a file system;
when the file system information file configuration information includes file system information, the process of obtaining the file system information file may further include:
analyzing data in a binary file of a file system to obtain file system information;
the method used for calculation may be any one of the existing methods for calculating check codes, such as a CRC method;
the contents of the file system information file include: the byte number of the file system, the block number occupied by the file system, the page number occupied by the file system, the programming mode of the file system, the initial position of the file system and other information required in the programming process;
before parsing the binary file of the file system, the method may further include:
converting the directory structure of the root file system into a binary file of the file system;
the specific processing procedure of the conversion is identical to that of the existing conversion procedure, and the tool for converting the binary file used may be a tool for converting all existing binary files, such as an mkyaffsize tool supporting YAFFS.
Step 102: after power-on, the Boot Loader program reads and stores the data of the file system information file from NAND FLASH, checks whether the check code, magic number and/or unique identification code of the file system information file in the file system information file are all correct, and programs the file system after the check code, magic number and/or unique identification code are all correct;
specifically, the Boot Loader program stores the magic number and/or the unique identification code in advance, compares the magic number and/or the unique identification code in the file system information file with the magic number and/or the unique identification code stored in the Boot Loader program after reading and storing data of the file system information file from the NANDFLASH, and considers that the magic number and/or the unique identification code are correct after determining that the magic number and/or the unique identification code are the same; the Boot Loader program calculates the check code of the file system information file by using the magic number and/or the unique identification code in the file system information file and adopting a calculation method which is the same as the analysis process, then compares the check code of the file system information file in the file system information file with the calculated check code of the file system information file, and determines that the check codes are the same, and then considers that the check code of the file system information file is correct; wherein, the Boot Loader program knows the method for calculating the check code in advance;
when the check code, the magic number and/or the unique identification code of the file system information file in the file system information file are determined to be incorrect, no operation is performed;
before the power-up, the method may further include:
the Boot Loader program, the operating system, the file system information file and the binary file of the file system are written into NAND FLASH through an NAND FLASH programming interface carried by the CPU;
before reading and saving the data of the file system information file from NAND FLASH, the method may further comprise:
after a Boot Loader program is started, initializing equipment; the device mainly comprises a NANDFLASH and a memory, and the specific processing process is completely the same as the existing processing process and is not described again;
the programming of the file system specifically comprises:
the Boot Loader program reads the file system data according to the address appointed in the file system information file or fixed NAND FLASH appointed address;
then erasing the area needing to be written in the file system data;
writing NAND FLASH the file system data from the initial position specified in the file system information file or the initial position specified by fixed NAND FLASH according to the file system type and the programming method recorded in the file system information file or agreed until all the read file system data are written;
modifying the data of the file system information file into a rewritten identifier;
when the file system information file contains file system information, reading file system data from an address specified in the file system information file, and correspondingly, writing NAND FLASH the system file data from a starting position specified in the file system information file according to the file system type and the programming method recorded in the file system information file until all the read file system data are written, namely: writing all the data of all NAND FLASH blocks and pages recorded in the file system information file;
when the file system information file contains no file system information, reading file system data from an address specified by a fixed NANDFLASH, and correspondingly writing the system file data into the NANDFLASH from an initial position specified by fixed NAND FLASH according to an agreed file system type and a programming method until all the read file system data are written;
the file system data refers to the content of a binary file of a file system;
the area needing to be written with the file system data is the area for storing the read file system data;
when the file system information file contains a file system data check code, before erasing an area in which file system data needs to be written, the method may further include:
calculating a file system data check code according to the read file system data;
comparing the calculated file system data check code with the file system data check code in the file system information file, and erasing the area needing to be written in the file system data after the same is determined, otherwise, exiting the programming process of the file system;
wherein, the Boot Loader program knows the method for calculating the check code in advance;
after the data of the file system information file is modified into the rewritten identification, when the file system information file is started next time, after the content of the file system information file is read to be the rewritten identification, the programming process cannot be started;
after the programming of the file system is finished, a Boot Loader program loads an operating system, and the file system can be used after the operating system runs; the specific processing procedure for loading the operating system is completely the same as the existing processing procedure, and is not described herein again.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The application scenario of this embodiment is: programming process of YAFFS2 file system in embedded Linux platform; the YAFFS2 file system is a file system that can be used on NAND FLASH with large capacity, and can be supported by operating systems such as Linux or WinCE; the Boot Loader program adopts a U-BOOT1.3.4 version, the core of the embedded CPU is ARM926EJS, and the dominant frequency of the embedded CPU is 180 MHz; the directory structure of the YAFFS2 root file system is converted to a binary file of the YAFFS2 file system using the mkYAFFS2image tool.
The self-programming method of the file system based on NAND FLASH in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, includes the following steps:
step 201: the directory structure of the YAFFS2 root file system is converted to a binary file of the YAFFS2 file system.
Step 202: analyzing a binary file of the YAFFS2 file system according to the pre-configured file system information file configuration information to obtain a file system information file;
here, the pre-configured file system information file configuration information includes a check code, a magic number, a unique identification code, a file system data check code, and file system information of the file system information file; correspondingly, the obtained file system information file comprises a magic number, a unique identification code, a check code of the file system information file, a YAFFS2 file system data check code and specific data of YAFFS2 file system information; wherein the file system information includes: the number of bytes of the file system, the number of blocks occupied by the file system, the number of pages occupied by the file system, the programming mode of the file system, the initial position of the file system and other information needed in the programming process.
Step 203: the Boot Loader program, the operating system, the file system information file and the binary file of the YAFFS2 file system are written into the NANDFLASH through a NAND FLASH programming interface of the CPU;
here, the operating system is Linux;
the binary file of YAFFS2 file system is stored in 2048 bytes +64 bytes, and during the programming process, 2048 bytes are written into a page NAND FLASH, and 64 bytes are written into the spare area corresponding to the page.
Step 204: after power-on, Boot Loader program is started, and NAND FLASH and the memory are initialized.
Step 205: the Boot Loader program reads and stores the data of the file system information file from NAND FLASH, checks whether the check code, magic number and/or unique identification code of the file system information file in the file system information file are all correct, if so, executes step 206, otherwise, executes step 210;
here, it may be set to prompt the technician for an error by a buzzer or a display of a liquid crystal screen when incorrect.
Step 206: and the Boot Loader program reads the file system data according to the address specified in the file system information file, and calculates the YAFFS2 file system data check code according to the read YAFFS2 file system data.
Step 207: judging whether the calculated YAFFS2 file system data check code is the same as the YAFFS2 file system data check code in the file system information file, if so, executing the step 208, otherwise, exiting the programming process of the YAFFS2 file system, and then executing the step 210;
here, it may be set to prompt the technician for an error by a buzzer or a display of a liquid crystal screen when incorrect.
Step 208: the area where the file system data needs to be written is erased, after which the system file data is written NAND FLASH from the start position specified in the file system information file according to the file system type and programming method recorded in the file system information file until all data of blocks and pages of NAND FLASH recorded in the file system information file are written.
Step 209: after the completion, the data of the file system information file is modified to be the rewritten identifier, and then the operating system is loaded, and then step 210 is executed.
Step 210: the current processing flow is ended.
By adopting the method, the time of the whole process is about 34s, and the application program can be executed after the programming is finished and the operating system is loaded. After the operating system is restarted, the operation of loading the operating system is directly carried out without entering a self-programming process.
If the existing Network File System (NFS) is adopted to combine with U-BOOT to program YAFFS2 File System, a Linux server needs to be prepared and the NFS server needs to be started. After the U-BOOT is started, a technician is required to set a start mode of a Linux kernel, set an Internet Protocol (IP) address of interconnection between NFS server networks, a Media Access Control (MAC) of a local computer, and an IP address. After the operating system kernel is started and the NFS file system is mounted successfully, a directory of the YAFFS2 file system is written into NAND FLASH through a Shell command of Linux, a technician is required to reset the operating system again, and then the U-BOOT parameter is modified, so that the operating system can read the file system data on NAND FLASH, and the YAFFS2 file system on NAND FLASH can be identified correctly after the operating system kernel is started again. The whole process takes about 10 minutes, and technicians are required to set Boot Loader programs or starting parameters of an operating system and use different system commands for multiple times to complete the whole programming.
In order to implement the above method, the present invention further provides a self-programming apparatus of a file system based on NAND FLASH, as shown in fig. 3, the apparatus includes: analyzing means 31, NAND FLASH 32; wherein,
NAND FLASH32 includes Boot Loader program element 321;
the analysis unit 31 is configured to analyze a binary file of the file system to obtain a file system information file;
NAND FLASH32, for storing file system information files;
and the Boot Loader program unit 321 is configured to, after being powered on, read and store data of the file system information file from the NAND FLASH32, check whether a check code, a magic number, and/or a unique identification code of the file system information file in the file system information file are all correct, and program the file system after the check code, the magic number, and/or the unique identification code are all correct.
The device can also further comprise a binary conversion unit, which is used for converting the directory structure of the root file system into the binary file of the file system;
the apparatus may further comprise: the CPU is provided with an NAND FLASH programming interface for writing an operating system, a file system information file and a binary file of a file system into NAND FLASH 32; and is also used to write the Boot Loader program into the Boot Loader program unit 321.
The Boot Loader program unit 321 is further configured to perform initialization operation on the device after being started.
The Boot Loader program unit 321 is further configured to not perform any operation after determining that the check code, magic number, and/or unique identification code of the file system information file in the file system information file are/is incorrect.
The Boot Loader program unit 321 is further configured to load an operating system after the programming of the file system is finished.
Here, the specific processing procedure of the Boot Loader program unit in the apparatus of the present invention has been described in detail above, and is not described again.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A self-programming method of a file system based on a NAND FLASH memory FLASH is characterized by comprising the following steps:
converting the directory structure of the root file system into a binary file of the file system;
analyzing a binary file of the file system to obtain a file system information file;
after power-on, the Boot Loader program reads and stores the data of the file system information file from NAND FLASH, checks whether the check code of the file system information file in the file system information file and the magic number and/or the unique identification code are all correct, and programs the file system after the check code, the magic number and/or the unique identification code are all correct.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the parsing the binary file of the file system to obtain the file system information file is:
setting magic numbers and/or unique identification codes according to pre-configured file system information file configuration information;
and calculating the check code of the file system information file by using the magic number and/or the unique identification code.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein parsing the binary file of the file system to obtain the file system information file further comprises:
calculating a file system data check code by using data in a binary file of a file system; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and analyzing data in the binary file of the file system to obtain a file system information file.
4. A method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein prior to powering up, the method further comprises:
boot Loader program, operating system, file system information file and binary file of file system are written into NAND FLASH through NAND FLASH programming interface carried by CPU.
5. A method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the programming of the file system is performed by:
the Boot Loader program reads the file system data according to the address appointed in the file system information file or fixed NAND FLASH appointed address;
then erasing the area needing to be written in the file system data;
writing NAND FLASH the system file data from the initial position specified in the file system information file or the initial position specified by fixed NAND FLASH according to the file system type and the programming method recorded in the file system information file or agreed until all the read file system data are written;
and modifying the data of the file system information file into a rewritten identifier.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein when the file system information file includes a file system data check code, before erasing an area in which the file system data needs to be written, the method further comprises:
calculating a file system data check code according to the read file system data;
and comparing the calculated file system data check code with the file system data check code in the file system information file, and erasing the area needing to be written in the file system data after the same is determined.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein prior to reading and saving the data of the file system information file from NAND FLASH, the method further comprises:
and after the Boot Loader program is started, initializing the equipment.
8. A self-programming device based on NAND FLASH file system, characterized in that the device comprises: the system comprises a binary conversion unit, an analysis unit and a Boot Loader program unit; wherein,
a binary conversion unit for converting the directory structure of the root file system into a binary file of the file system;
the analysis unit is used for analyzing the binary file of the file system to obtain a file system information file;
and the Boot Loader program unit is used for reading and storing the data of the file system information file from the NAND FLASH after being electrified, checking whether the check code and the magic number and/or the unique identification code of the file system information file in the file system information file are correct or not, and programming the file system after the check code, the magic number and/or the unique identification code are correct.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, further comprising a NAND FLASH programming interface of the CPU for writing Boot Loader program, operating system, file system information file, and binary file of file system into NAND FLASH.
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| CN 201010538436 CN102467522B (en) | 2010-11-10 | 2010-11-10 | Self-programming method and device of file system based on NAND flash |
| PCT/CN2011/077581 WO2012062132A1 (en) | 2010-11-10 | 2011-07-25 | Self-programming method and device for file system based on nand flash memory |
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| CN102799496A (en) * | 2012-06-30 | 2012-11-28 | 深圳市同洲电子股份有限公司 | Method and device for checking operating system kernel and file system in Nand-flash memory |
| CN105740287B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2019-09-10 | 中国航空工业集团公司第六三一研究所 | The creation method of the curable read-only file system in FLASH |
| CN108040069A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-05-15 | 成都数成科技有限公司 | A kind of quick method for opening network data APMB package |
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| CN102467522A (en) | 2012-05-23 |
| WO2012062132A1 (en) | 2012-05-18 |
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