CN102463622A

CN102463622A - Method and apparatus for forming flat ceramic products

Info

Publication number: CN102463622A
Application number: CN2010105401397A
Authority: CN
Inventors: F·塔罗齐
Original assignee: Siti B&t Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Siti B&t Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2010-11-11
Filing date: 2010-11-11
Publication date: 2012-05-23

Abstract

The method for forming flat ceramic products comprises the steps of preparing a ceramic mixture in a plastic state, compacting and extruding the mixture onto a movable conveying surface as a substantially continuous strip, the ceramic mixture being composed of at least two different ceramic materials; the next step is to divide the substantially continuous extruded strip along a horizontal longitudinal plane parallel to the extrusion direction, thus forming two longitudinally superposed substantially continuous portions of said strip; cutting the two substantially continuous superposed portions in a transverse direction, perpendicular to the extrusion direction, thus forming superposed portions cut to size so as to be the product; turning the upper part and arranging it on said movable conveying surface coplanar with the lower part with the dividing plane facing upwards; decorating the dividing plane by a predetermined plurality of decorating means; the part is stamped in a calibrated manner.

Description

Be used to form the method and apparatus of flat ceramic product

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of method and apparatus that is used to form flat ceramic product.

Background technology

At flat ceramic product is in the production of prior art of ceramic tile, uses production line, and it is made up of a plurality of equipment of arranging and be designed for the Working position of different procedure of processings along production line that are positioned at; In the simplest situation, this production line comprises at least one forcing press, a production line that is used for providing the base substrate product to forcing press, a production line that is used to decorate the product of moulding, a system that fires product for final stability.

Obtaining to decorate in the recent technical method of the ceramic product that the decoration that spreads all over thickness is arranged; Production method comprises uses pulverous ceramic material; It mixes in a different manner and carries with special devices; Be stamped subsequently and form the base substrate product, this product is transported to the final step of firing subsequently.

According to the above-mentioned production method that is used to form these products, pulverous material is by the pressing mold chamber of directly packing into; Also possibly take the form of continuous stratification, this form can preestablish through the operation sequence of formulating for this order, the measuring equipment of this programme-control ceramic material.

Because this processing structure, the quantity of giving material unit of dusty material that can inlet chamber is imposed restrictions on by available approach axis, and therefore final product has the limited decoration of corresponding colouring.

This way to solve the problem is included in the principal pressure machine upper reaches and uses the second aux. pressure machine, and it carries out the preformed of product, and at the powder of its indoor admittance basic product; Second forcing press is carried out pre-punching under the load more much lower than the load of principal pressure machine, but is enough to obtain the compacting of powder and bonding, it is processed with proper device so that allow.

Then, be transferred to conveyer, it is transported to the principal pressure machine with the preformed product of the second aux. pressure machine; Zone between auxiliary preformed forcing press and principal pressure machine, the decoration of polychrome can be applied on the product through the special decorator along its setting, and the amount of decoration is consistent with the amount of decorating the color that have generally.

As stated, in case decoration step is done, product just is placed in the chamber of principal pressure machine, be used for the final punching press under loading usually, and product is transported to the kiln that is used to fire subsequently.

In this prior art; Product can contain more substantial color really; But this relates to first shortcoming; Promptly very high equipment cost: in production line, need two forcing presses at least, and quite a large amount of decorator and when product is carried, being suitable for keeps the parts of the stable pre-compacted structure of product between aux. pressure machine and principal pressure machine.

In known embodiment; Be used to keep the parts of base substrate product stable structure to comprise for example formwork; Formwork has sufficient size so that hold the preformed product; And be suitable for being connected in the parts that move with these parts, and both also synchronous with above-mentioned conveyer in the stroke that returns therefrom in the stroke that moves to the principal pressure machine.

The final molding that second shortcoming of prior art is product is a condition with predetermined form.This form preferably obtains through making huge plate shaped basic product, is cut to fraction with predetermined form along both direction with the trimmer with quite complicated structure (therefore expensive) subsequently.

These equipment are made up of together with the circular blade in groups with independent motors and guider framework, move along plane right-angle coordinate, and along the profile of product to be formed flat panel products are cut to due size.

The problem relevant with the moulding of flat panel products is, because the punching press chamber needs sizable size, so the overall size of stamping machine is also quite big.

The 3rd shortcoming be, the moulding of product strictly the cycle of operation with each forcing press relevant.Because the material that is used is pulverulence; This cycle will carry out under low speed; Therefore time per unit is carried out very little amount; Owing in not changing these chambers, need get rid of some air at the indoor powder of packing under the situation of the state of dusty material, need be descended with low speed by the pressing plate of pressing hammer to drive, so that avoid the air ejection to cause the distribution of dusty material to be moved.

Second method of processing the ceramic product with the decoration that spreads all over thickness is used to obtain the polychrome mixture of compatible ceramic material, therefore produce have inner vein, have a basic continuous extruded band with the essentially identical thickness of material of shaped article.

For this texture is exposed, continuous basically band is through the surface scrape process, so that remove the material of several millimeters thick of one deck.

Generally; The material that removes through scraping is the whole ceramic material part and parcels that are used for formed product; And this part material that removes possibly not re-use in the production cycle, therefore needs to dispose, and this relates to other cost; Since by the material that removed can not be successful recirculation and also to dispose (carry out in controlled refuse landfill, expense is arranged).

Summary of the invention

An object of the present invention is to improve the situation of technology.

Another object of the present invention is; Utilization has quite simple structure and the equipment of quick production is provided; The method that is used to form flat ceramic product that can solve above-mentioned technological deficiency is provided, is not having the decoration that spreads all over whole thickness to product to be provided under the situation of limits of color in fact simultaneously.

On the one hand, the present invention relates to the method that is used to form flat ceramic product as limiting in the claim 1.

On the other hand, the present invention relates to the equipment that is used to form flat ceramic product that limits like claim 4.

Therefore, the present invention provides advantage:

Equipment through simplifying obtains flat ceramic product, i.e. ceramic tile;

Form ceramic product and need not the equipment of labyrinth;

Production time with reducing is produced flat ceramic product.

Description of drawings

In addition; Detailed description according to a preferred not exclusive embodiment of the equipment that is used to form flat ceramic product; It is more obvious that characteristic of the present invention and advantage will become; This equipment that is used to form flat ceramic product (is not limited to accompanying drawing) and is described through diagram under the help of accompanying drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the sketch map of the equipment of the realization of the present invention method that is used to form flat ceramic product;

Fig. 2 is the schematic side view of the end of extrusion device, and extrusion device has first device that is used for vertically cutting apart the continuous basically continuously belt body that is made up of at least two kinds of different ceramic materials;

Fig. 3 is the piece shape sketch map of common tipple;

Fig. 4 is the perspective diagram of stamping parts and deburring part;

Fig. 5 is the sketch map of embodiment of the tipple of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is the generalized section of the tipple of Fig. 5, the generalized section that obtains like the VI-VI along the plane.

The specific embodiment

With reference to figure 1, drawing reference numeral 100 is indicated the equipment that is used to form flat ceramic product generally.

Equipment 100 comprises successively: be used for providing at least one of base substrate (at Fig. 2 with " IP " expression) of mecystasis to give material unit 200, give material unit 200 preparations at least two kinds of ceramic materials with different color and/or organoleptic attribute; The compaction apparatus 300 that is used for the said base substrate of compacting; Be used for base substrate " IP " is extruded into continuous basically with 4 extruder 1, continuous basically have size and the preset thickness " S " of the outlet 2 through regulating mould with 4.

When be with 4 from export 2 be with when coming out 4 be placed on movably support with feed surface on, the work that is generally the top that has the closed loop ribbon conveyer that drives backing pulley 105 moves part.

First cutter sweep 3 is set; It overlaps with the outlet 2 of extruder 1; Be used for along the basically continuous band of the work operation part that is parallel to conveyer belt 5 with the base substrate of the fore-and-aft plane cutting mecystasis of extruding direction " E ": in fact this cutting causes having basic identical thickness two the overlapping part 4a and the 4b of (being the half the of thickness " S "), these two overlapping parts have the cut surface separately 104 and 204 that faces with each other.

Two

part

4a and 4b are separated from one another and have a continuous basically extension; And be close in outlet 2 downstream and laterally and vertically cutting into due size by the device 6 of second cut lengths; Therefore in fact obtain paired overlapping part; Each overlapping part all designs to form product, that is, and and the ceramic tile of preliminary dimension.

Tipple 108 is placed on the second size cutter sweep, 6 downstream, and the top 4a that is used to overturn makes cut surface 104 up.

With reference to figure 3 and Fig. 5; The slave part 205 of ribbon conveyer is arranged near the tipple 108; This slave part is designed to when the bottom to divide when opening with corresponding top 4a, admits bottom 4b, and with bottom 4b from temporarily transporting through conveyer 5; In tipple 108 downstream the bottom is put back on the conveyer belt then, made bottom 4b be placed on basically on the plane identical with flip portion 4a.

In exemplary non-limiting example; Tipple 108 can comprise framework 109; Framework 109 supports parallel and is parallel to two groups of rollers of the top work operation part of conveyer belt 5, and the drawing reference numeral of these two groups of rollers is respectively 110 and 111 and can and rotates by the motor driving.

Forming two groups of

rollers

110 and 111 of respectively organizing roller in two groups is stacked relation, and defines gap 112.Gap 112 can be regulated through the known adjusting device of technical staff (not illustrating at this), so that be fit to a plurality of thickness of part 4a, and allows top 4a to vertically move the openend through framework 109.

Then, framework 109 is fixedly mounted on second peripheral frame 113, and is integral part with it.

For example; Second peripheral frame 113 can have the cydariform that its longitudinal axis is basically parallel to the top work operation part of conveyer belt 5; And have the outer peripheral teeth 114 at the framework middle section, be used to engage driving gear 115 and idle pulley 116, they are driven by motor 117 rotations; Motor 117 is used to make the anglec of rotation of second framework 113 around at least 180 ° of the longitudinal axis rotations of himself, and upset remains on the part 4a in the gap 112.

As shown in Figure 5, conveyer belt 5 is interrupted having aspect its continuity, so that hold the tipple 108 of the foregoing description; Yet, for example, schematically illustrated like Fig. 3 for the form of changeing comb formula framework also can not need this being interrupted with another embodiment of the tipple 108 evenly installed with conveyer belt 5.

For some special applications, superincumbent flip portion 4a and bottom 4b below can be set to pass laminater 9, and if desired, laminater is installed in the downstream of tipple 108.

With reference to figure 1; In the downstream of laminater 9 or in the downstream of tipple 108 (if laminater 9 is not set); One row's decoration device 310 is set above the work of conveyer belt 5 operation part; One row's decoration device 310 overlaps with movable surface 5 positions usually, regulates the height of row's decoration device 310 with respect to movable surface 5 through inserting regulating part, and this adjusting device is not illustrated; Because for this adjusting device of technical staff is known, and this adjusting device is designed to common Powdered or granular ornament materials is applied on

cut surface

104 and 204.

With reference to figure 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 4; The edge-neatening apparatus 8 that is used to prune the periphery of

part

4a and 4b at least one decompressor 7 of row's decoration device 310 followed and at least one;

Part

4a and 4b are designed to last in the processing of being carried out along equipment 100, become the ceramic product that is cut into suitable dimension, promptly; The ceramic product that for example has the ceramic tile of preliminary dimension, it needs final the firing the cycle of experience.

In more detail, decompressor 7 generally includes presses hammer, and its drawing reference numeral is 107, presses hammer 107 to have the staking punch 120 that is supported in its bottom, so that move back and forth, shown in four-headed arrow " Z ".

Edge-neatening apparatus 8 can form in a different manner, for example Fig. 2 or shown in Figure 4 the sort of.

With the form of Fig. 2, edge-neatening apparatus 8 also comprises the another kind of hammer 208 of pressing, and presses hammer 208 to support staking punch 121, and staking punch 121 has vertical sword 8a at periphery, is used at

side penetrating component

4a and 4b, and cuts away unnecessary part.

With the form of Fig. 4, edge-neatening apparatus 8 comprises bar 8f, and bar 8f laterally installs and has the circular blade 8e perpendicular to the rotation of extruding direction " E " two of its end portion, supports with respect to surface 5 movably.

The technical staff should be appreciated that the distance between the circular blade 8e can be regulated through known adjusting device as requested, and the height of bar 8f also can be with respect to movably surperficial 5 being conditioned.

The method that is used to form flat ceramic product is following: the mixture that preparation is made up of the ceramic material of two kinds of different sense organs at least also is transported to material unit 200.

The meaning of term " different sense organ " is meant the material that can distinguish each other through color and/or density and/or characteristic.

Comprise the base substrate input equipment of compaction apparatus 300 and extrusion device 1 for material unit 200.

This equipment normally known and constitute by first Room that has first helical member therein; Base substrate " IP " drops in first Room for material unit 200; First helical member is worked in first Room; Be used to mix base substrate and base substrate is transported to second Room under vacuum, base substrate is compacted in second Room, and any bubble that is present in therein all is excluded.

At last, base substrate " IP " moves to the 3rd Room from vacuum chamber, and wherein base substrate " IP " is further mixed by second helical member, and this chamber has outlet 2, is used for base substrate " IP " is squeezed into the continuous basically band of continuous basically extruding; And this chamber has first cutter sweep 3 that is installed in wherein, is used for along horizontal plane cutting base substrate " IP "; For example, this device is by being installed in horizontal sword 3 in the said outlet 2 ' constitute with horizontal cross orientation, and the cut edge extends into extrusion device 1.

Sword 3 ' will continuous be with 4 longitudinally to separate by what base substrate " IP " was extruded into; Therefore produce two and continuous stacked have basic identical thickness (promptly; Basically be gross thickness " S " half the of base substrate band " IP ")

part

4a and 4b, these two parts are placed on mainly on the movably feed surface 5 that is made up of belt conveyer; And after by 3 cuttings of first cutter sweep, these two parts have two cut surfaces separately 104 and 204 that face with each other.

Outlet 2 downstream at extrusion device 1; Carry out the transverse cuts step; Wherein continuous

stacked part

4a and 4b are by 6 cuttings of second cutter sweep; Second cutter sweep 6 cuts into predetermined lateral dimension with these two

part

4a and 4b in the horizontal, still is in ceramic product green state, that be in stacked state so that form.

In the downstream of the second transverse cuts device 6, the part 4a on top is reversed with respect to the part 4b in the bottom, and movably support, the former places by the latter on the feed surface 5, cut

surface

104 and 204 all is in the coplane state up and basically.

Then, if desired, all

part

4a and 4b pass laminater 9 so that reduce its thickness, in addition also compacting form their mixture.

In said laminater 9 downstream; Cut

surface

104 and 204 usefulness dyestuffs are decorated; Dyestuff array 310 through continuous decorating apparatus under the control of the program of decoration is carried; Array 310 usefulness of decorating apparatus are Powdered, graininess or laminar dyestuff come

decorative cover

104 and 204, and face 104 has different shape and size with 204 color effects according to expectation.

Finally,

part

4a and 4b with decorated

face

104 and 204 carry out low load punch steps and deburring step through decompressor 7 and edge-neatening apparatus 8, so that limit the edge accurately; Then, be transferred, finally form product to dry and to fire.

In more detail, top 4a promptly has the part of downward cut surface 104, through being imported into gap 112 interior upsets that the group roller 110 and roller 111 limits in combination one by one or with other same parts.

These parts one of predetermined quantity are admitted in the gap 112, and perimeter frame 113 is just around the longitudinal axis rotation of self and behind Rotate 180 °, stop.

After rotation, therefore whole upset of part 4a, and cut surface 104 is up.

Simultaneously; Bottom 4b is transported on the slave part 205 of conveyer 5 temporarily, so that get around tipple 108, and carries back conveyer (or movably surperficial) 5; As shown in Figure 3; Because part 4a is reversed, so all parts all have up and cut

surface

104 and 204 basic coplane, and prepare and decorate through row's equipment 310.

The transporting velocity of control conveyer 5, slave part 205 and the known automatic alternative electric generation machine of driving will make

part

4a and 4b be reapposed on the conveyer 4 with predetermined interval.

The method that is used to form flat ceramic product of the present invention was suitable in the time than prior art much shorter; Use the ceramic material of the different sense organs of at least two kinds (but obviously more than two kinds) to be formed into the right product that on whole thickness, has decoration; This in addition product also has the decoration that applies along the array 310 of production cycle through decorating apparatus, and the amount of decorating apparatus is directly proportional with the amount of the decoration of desired color and application.

Therefore can know that above-mentioned invention disclosed has realized its intended purposes.

The present invention can be received in a lot of changes and the modification in the thought range of the present invention, is limited like the Rights attached thereto requirement.

In addition, can adopt any material, shape and size as required.

Claims

1. method that is used to form flat ceramic product, it comprises the following steps:

The ceramic mixture of preparation mecystasis, said ceramic mixture is made up of at least two kinds of different ceramic materials;

Compacting is also extruded the said ceramic mixture on feed surface movably, becomes the continuous basically band that extrudes with predetermined thickness;

Along the longitudinal surface that is parallel to the basic horizontal of extruding direction, vertically to cut the said continuous basically band that extrudes, thereby form two vertical stacked continuous basically parts of said band, every part all has a half thickness and cut surface;

Said two basic continuous overlapping parts are cut in the horizontal perpendicular to the said direction of extruding direction in the edge, thereby form a plurality of overlapping parts with preliminary dimension, and each overlapping part is designed to form product;

Top in the paired said overlapping part is isolated, and on said removable feed surface, said top is arranged to and the basic coplane in bottom;

Decoration device with being arranged on said movably feed surface top is decorated said cut surface;

With the said part of decompressor punching press;

It is characterized in that; The step that the decoration device that said usefulness is arranged on said movably feed surface top is decorated said cut surface comprises: with respect to the said top of overturning, said bottom, make said bottom and said top all have the cut surface towards said decoration device with tipple.

2. the method that is used to form flat ceramic product as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in the said step on the said top of upset with decorate the step that the said upper and lower of lamination is provided between the step of said cut surface.

3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, to said decorated and upper and lower part lamination carry out that step that periphery prunes is configured to and said lamination step simultaneously or and then said lamination step.

4. equipment that is used to form flat ceramic product comprises successively:

At least one gives material unit, is used to provide the mixture of mecystasis, and said mixture is made up of the mixture with at least two kinds of different ceramic materials;

At least one compaction apparatus is used for the said mixture of compacting mecystasis;

At least one extrusion device is used to extrude the said mixture of mecystasis, makes it become the basic continuous belts with predetermined thickness;

At least one is the surface movably, is used for supporting and carrying said basic continuous belts;

At least one first cutter sweep is used for cutting said basic continuous belts along first longitudinal surface that is parallel to said movably surface and along extruding direction, thereby is respectively formed at following and top two parts; Said two parts are continuous basically, and thickness equals the half the of said predetermined thickness, and have the cut surface that faces with each other accordingly;

At least one second cutter sweep; Be used for along basic laterally and perpendicular to said said part and the superincumbent part below of second plane cutting of extruding direction, thereby form paired part below and the superincumbent part that is in stacked relation with preliminary dimension;

At least one positioner be used on said movable surface, superincumbent part being arranged to and the basic coplane of part below, and superincumbent part is configured to be in upturned position;

Painting device is used for ornament materials is applied to the said part that is positioned on the said movable surface;

At least one decompressor is used for the said part that final punching press is applied with said ornament materials on it;

It is characterized in that; The tipple that said positioner comprises; Said tipple has the regional framework of tumbling that is suitable for being set at said movable surface; Said framework is limited between the first and second portion of said movable surface; Said tipple is done the motion of tumbling around being parallel to the said axis of extruding direction, and defines the bearing that is used to admit said overlapping part, and said tipple has towards the arrival end of said first with towards the port of export of said second portion.

5. equipment as claimed in claim 4, wherein, said bearing has base plate and top board, and said base plate and top board are equipped with carriage, and said carriage is suitable for being driven along the said direction of extruding.

6. equipment as claimed in claim 5, wherein, the interval of said base plate and said top board is less times greater than the thickness of said overlapping part.

7. like claim 5 or 6 described equipment, wherein said base plate and said top board are installed on the adjusting device, are used to regulate the phase mutual edge distance between them.

8. like claim 4 or 5 described equipment, wherein, said carriage comprises a plurality of parallel roller that is arranged on the said framework, and said roller has the rotation of extruding direction perpendicular to said.

9. equipment as claimed in claim 4, wherein, said first vertical cutter sweep is extruded the port setting near said extrusion device.

10. the equipment that is used to form flat ceramic product as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, said compaction apparatus and said extrusion device link together integratedly.

11. equipment as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, laminater is set between said tipple and the said decoration device, is used for said part and the said superincumbent part below of lamination.

12. the equipment that is used to form flat ceramic product as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that said decoration device has adjusting device, is used for regulating with respect to said movable surface the height of said decoration device.

13. the equipment that is used to form flat ceramic product as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, at least one is used for the product in the downstream that are set at said decompressor is carried out the device that periphery is pruned.

14. the equipment that is used to form flat ceramic product as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, said compaction apparatus is the type with the vacuum chamber between mixture push mechanism and mixture discharge parts.