CN102463272A - Short-process preparation method of small-caliber nickel-based alloy thin-wall pipe - Google Patents
Short-process preparation method of small-caliber nickel-based alloy thin-wall pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN102463272A CN102463272A CN2010105384616A CN201010538461A CN102463272A CN 102463272 A CN102463272 A CN 102463272A CN 2010105384616 A CN2010105384616 A CN 2010105384616A CN 201010538461 A CN201010538461 A CN 201010538461A CN 102463272 A CN102463272 A CN 102463272A
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 14
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 7
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000009750 centrifugal casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001235 nimonic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001055 inconels 600 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001098 inconels 690 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000934 Monel 400 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003026 anti-oxygenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019628 coolness Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OANFWJQPUHQWDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper iron manganese nickel Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe].[Ni].[Cu] OANFWJQPUHQWDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a short-process preparation method of a small-caliber nickel-based alloy thin-wall pipe, belonging to the technical field of processing of non-ferrous metal pipes. The method mainly comprises the following steps of (1) preparing a nickel-based alloy tube blank by a centrifugal casting process, wherein the ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter of the tube blank is 0.4-0.6; (2) the hot extrusion temperature of the nickel-based alloy pipe is 1000-1250 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 5-16; (3) adopting an LG/LD series cold pilger mill or a drawing mill to carry out multi-pass cold machining to reduce the diameter and the wall, thus obtaining a thin-walled pipe; (4) intermediate annealing, finished product annealing and finished product pipe straightening. The invention provides a novel processing method with short flow, low labor intensity, labor saving in forming, low cost and high production efficiency for the small-caliber nickel-based alloy thin-wall pipe, the prepared small-caliber nickel-based alloy thin-wall pipe has high added value, the processing technology of the small-caliber nickel-based alloy thin-wall pipe is suitable for large-scale production, and the method has remarkable economic and social benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of short process making method of small-bore nickel-base alloy thin-wall pipes, belong to nonferrous materials tubing processing technique field.
Background technology
Nickel-base alloy tubing has good resistance to high temperature corrosion performance, antioxygenic property and good corrosion resistance, is widely used in fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics aircraft, naval vessel submarine, chemical industry, navigation, nuclear-energy plant, metallurgy, electrical equipment, weaving, slurrying, energy reforming unit, papermaking, food machinery, Medical Devices and building decoration.But the technological process of the small-bore nickel-base alloy thin-wall pipes of traditional handicraft preparation processing is long; Production cost is high, and its production technology mainly comprises: 1. melting → cast ingot blank → heating → many fiery inferior forging → coolings → aligning → cutting bar end to end → bar peeling → blanking → boring → heating → coating → heat → cover glassing → extruding → surfaces externally and internally processing → cold rolling → annealing → cold rolling or cold-drawn → heat treatment → aligning → pickling → cleaning; 2. melting → cast ingot blank → heating → forging → cooling → aligning → cutting bar end to end → bar peeling → boring → heating → inoxidzable coating → heat → cover glassing is lubricated → hot rolling → surfaces externally and internally processing → cold rolling → annealing → cold rolling or cold-drawn → heat treatment → aligning → pickling → cleaning; Traditional handicraft is produced small-bore nickel-base alloy thin-wall pipes needs 24 procedures, and wherein forging needs many fire time heating and multi-pass upsetting pull, and cold working (cold rolling or cold-drawn) operation has 20 multi-pass approximately, and production process is many and loaded down with trivial details, and production cost is high.China natural resources is nervous, and energy shortage reduces the metal forming manufacturing procedure, and energy savings reduces labour intensity and production cost, improves stock utilization, has remarkable economic efficiency and social benefit.
The retrieval of prior art document is found, adopted centrifugal casting (thin-walled pipe)+spinning process to prepare the existing report of method of heavy caliber nickel-base alloy thin-wall pipes, but the technology that relates to the small-bore nickel-base alloy thin-wall pipes of short flow preparation is not seen open as yet.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve problems such as small-bore nickel-base alloy light-wall pipe production cost is high, labour intensity is big; A kind of lack flow process, the novel preparation method of the short flow process of small-bore nickel-base alloy thin-wall pipes cheaply are provided, are specially a kind of employing centrifugal casting (heavy wall pipe)+hot extrusion+cold working and produce the short process making method of small-bore nickel-base alloy thin-wall pipes.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of short process making method of small-bore nickel-base alloy thin-wall pipes comprises the steps:
(1) centrifugal casting heavy wall nickel-base alloy pipe;
(2) pipe with said alloy carries out machined, is preheating to 150 ℃～280 ℃ spraying high-temp antioxidizing glass lubricants, is heated to 1100 ℃～1250 ℃ subsequently, is incubated 1h～2h, covers to be coated with the glass powdered lubricant, and hot extrusion obtains tubing;
(3) tubing with step (2) gained carries out cold working (cold rolling or cold rolling+cold-drawn) and intermediate annealing;
(4) with the tubing of step (3) gained heat-treat, aligning, pickling and cleaning, obtain finished product tubing.
A kind of optimized technical scheme is characterized in that: described nickel-base alloy is that Nimonic or ambrose alloy are alloy etc.
A kind of optimized technical scheme is characterized in that: the temperature of step (1) centrifugal casting when centrifugal casting is 1500 ℃～1700 ℃, and the internal diameter of heavy wall nickel-base alloy pipe with the ratio of external diameter is: 0.4～0.6.
A kind of optimized technical scheme is characterized in that: the extrusion speed described in the step (2) is 30mm/s～100mm/s, and extrusion temperature is 1000 ℃～1250 ℃, and extrusion ratio is 5～16.
A kind of optimized technical scheme is characterized in that: the cold working described in the step (3) is cold rolling or cold rolling and cold-drawn, adopts rolling wall and the tube reducing (finishing) of subtracting of LG/LD cold pilger mill, obtains the small-bore nickel alloy thin-wall pipes of high accuracy.
A kind of optimized technical scheme is characterized in that: the cold worked pass reduction described in the step (3) is 10%～35%, is preferably 10%～20%, and the deflection between annealing is 50%～75%, and the intermediate annealing temperature is 850 ℃～1050 ℃.
A kind of optimized technical scheme is characterized in that: the heat treatment described in the step (4) according to customer requirement, is adopted stress relief annealing or recrystallization annealing for annealing, and the finished products temperature is 550 ℃～900 ℃.
A kind of optimized technical scheme is characterized in that: the equipment for straightening described in the step (4) is oblique six-roller straightener, and the finished product tube outer diameter is Φ 2mm～Φ 25mm, and wall thickness is 0.5mm～5mm.
The present invention is that nickel-base alloys such as alloy are research object with Nimonic or ambrose alloy; Adopt centrifugal casting technique to prepare the nickel-base alloy pipe; Adopt hot extrusion technique processing tubing; Adopt rolling wall and the tube reducings (finishing) of subtracting of serial cold pilger mill such as LG/LD; Obtain small-bore accurate nickel-base alloy thin-wall pipes, adopt drawing process further to process for external diameter less than the thin-wall pipes of 3mm, production technology mainly comprises: melting → centrifugal casting pipe → machined → heating → coating → heat → cover glassing → extruding → surfaces externally and internally processing → cold rolling → annealing → cold rolling or cold-drawn → heat treatment → aligning → pickling → cleaning.1. compare with traditional handicraft, the operation few (16 roads are only arranged) of the new preparation process of this patent invention, the wall thickness of extrude tubes is little, has reduced follow-up cold working amount greatly, and flow process is short, and production efficiency is high, and cost is low.
The invention has the advantages that:
The invention provides the short flow process of a kind of small-bore nickel-base alloy thin-wall pipes, low cost, production efficiency is high, labour intensity is low new method for processing; Substitute the method that forging+boring prepares pipe through centrifugal casting technique, tubing has reduced follow-up cold working amount significantly through hot extrusion.Small-bore nickel-base alloy thin-wall pipes process technology of the present invention is suitable for large-scale production, and labour intensity is low, and it is laborsaving, with short production cycle to be shaped, and production efficiency is high, and cost is low, and added value is high, has remarkable economic efficiency and social benefit.
Through the specific embodiment the present invention is further specified below, but and do not mean that restriction protection domain of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Press the Monel400 alloy; Confected materials is put into medium-frequency induction furnace is heated to 1650 ℃, leave standstill 20 minutes after, cool to 1550 ℃ after skimming; With pouring metal melt in the mold of horizontal centrifugal casting machine; The casting mold rotating speed is 950 rev/mins, obtains the Menel400 pipe, and the internal diameter of pipe is 0.5 with the ratio of external diameter.After the machined, with after the blank heating to 180 ℃, spraying high-temp antioxidizing glass lubricant is heated to 1050 ℃ subsequently; Be incubated 1 hour, cover and be coated with the glass powdered lubricant, carry out hot extrusion, extrusion speed is 45mm/s; The external diameter of extrude tubes is Φ 72mm, and wall thickness is 6mm, and extrusion ratio is 13.Serial cold pilger mills such as employing LG/LD carry out cold working, and pass reduction is 14%, and the deflection between annealing is 70%, and annealing temperature is 920 ℃.According to customer requirement, (external diameter is Φ 3mm～Φ 25mm, and wall thickness is 0.5mm～1.5mm) greater than the finished product tubing of 3mm different size to obtain external diameter through cold-rolling process.The typical products specification is: external diameter Φ 18mm, wall thickness 1mm and external diameter Φ 3mm, wall thickness 0.5mm.The tubing of cold rolling gained 3mm is carried out drawing, and (external diameter is Φ 2mm～Φ 3mm, and wall thickness is that 0.5mm～1mm), the drawing passes working modulus is 15%, and the deflection between drawing annealing is 60% less than the finished product tubing of 3mm different size to obtain external diameter.The typical products specification is: external diameter is Φ 2mm, and wall thickness is 0.6mm.The finished products temperature is 615 ℃, is incubated 1 hour.Adopt oblique six-roller straightener to align then, carry out conventional pickling, cleaning again, remove greasyly, obtain finished product tubing.
Embodiment 2
Press the NCu40-2-1 alloy; Confected materials is put into medium-frequency induction furnace is heated to 1630 ℃, leave standstill 15 minutes after, cool to 1520 ℃ after skimming; With pouring metal melt in the mold of horizontal centrifugal casting machine; The casting mold rotating speed is 750 rev/mins, obtains the NCu40-2-1 alloy pipe stock, and the internal diameter of pipe is 0.55 with the ratio of external diameter.After the machined, coat the high-temp antioxidizing agent, be heated to 1000 ℃ subsequently, be incubated 1 hour after the blank heating to 190 ℃; Cover and be coated with the glass powdered lubricant, carry out hot extrusion, extrusion speed is 48mm/s; The external diameter of extrude tubes is Φ 70mm, and wall thickness is 5mm, and extrusion ratio is 15.7.Serial cold pilger mills such as employing LG/LD carry out cold working, and the deflection between mill-annealed is 75%, and pass reduction is 16%, and annealing temperature is 880 ℃.(external diameter is Φ 3mm～Φ 25mm, and wall thickness is 0.5mm～1.5mm) greater than the finished product tubing of Φ 3mm different size to obtain external diameter through cold-rolling process.Typical products specification: external diameter Φ 15mm, wall thickness 0.8mm and external diameter Φ 3mm, wall thickness 0.5mm.The tubing of cold rolling gained Φ 3mm is carried out drawing; (external diameter is Φ 2mm～Φ 3mm less than the finished product tubing of Φ 3mm different size to obtain external diameter; Wall thickness is that 0.5mm～1mm), the drawing passes working modulus is 12%, and the deflection between drawing annealing is 55%; The typical products specification is: external diameter is Φ 1.9mm, and wall thickness is 0.55mm.The finished products temperature is 585 ℃, is incubated 1 hour.Adopt oblique six-roller straightener to align then, carry out conventional pickling, cleaning again, remove greasyly, obtain finished product tubing.
Embodiment 3
Press the NCu28-2.5-1.5 alloy; Confected materials is put into medium-frequency induction furnace is heated to 1670 ℃, leave standstill 25 minutes after, cool to 1580 ℃ after skimming; With pouring metal melt in the mold of horizontal centrifugal casting machine; The casting mold rotating speed is 1000 rev/mins, obtains the NCu28-2.5-1.5 pipe, and the internal diameter of pipe is 0.48 with the ratio of external diameter.After the machined, coat the high-temp antioxidizing agent, be heated to 1100 ℃ subsequently, be incubated 2 hours after the blank heating to 200 ℃; Cover and be coated with the glass powdered lubricant, push, extrusion speed is 52mm/s; The external diameter of extrude tubes is Φ 73mm, and wall thickness is 6.5mm, and extrusion ratio is 11.8.Serial cold pilger mills such as employing LG/LD carry out cold working, and pass reduction is 12%, and the deflection between annealing is 65%, and annealing temperature is 950 ℃.(external diameter is Φ 3mm～Φ 25mm, and wall thickness is 0.5mm～1.5mm) greater than the finished product tubing of Φ 3mm different size to obtain external diameter through cold-rolling process.Typical products specification: external diameter Φ 25mm, wall thickness 1.5mm and external diameter Φ 3mm, wall thickness 0.5mm.The tubing of cold rolling gained 3mm is carried out drawing; (external diameter is Φ 2mm～Φ 3mm less than the finished product tubing of Φ 3mm different size to obtain external diameter; Wall thickness is that 0.5mm～1mm), the drawing passes working modulus is 10%, and the deflection between drawing annealing is 50%; The typical products specification is: external diameter is Φ 2.5mm, and wall thickness is 0.7mm.The finished products temperature is 645 ℃, is incubated 1 hour.Adopt oblique six-roller straightener to align then, carry out conventional pickling, cleaning again, remove greasyly, obtain finished product tubing.
Embodiment 4
Press the Inconel600 alloy; Confected materials is put into medium-frequency induction furnace is heated to 1680 ℃, leave standstill 25 minutes after, cool to 1580 ℃ after skimming; With pouring metal melt in the mold of horizontal centrifugal casting machine; The casting mold rotating speed is 980 rev/mins, obtains the Inconel600 alloy pipe stock, and the internal diameter of pipe is 0.5 with the ratio of external diameter.After the machined, coat the high-temp antioxidizing agent, be heated to 1150 ℃ subsequently, be incubated 1 hour after the blank heating to 260 ℃; Cover and be coated with the glass powdered lubricant, push, extrusion speed is 87mm/s; The external diameter of extrude tubes is Φ 73.6mm, and wall thickness is 6.8mm, and extrusion ratio is 11.2.Serial cold pilger mills such as employing LG/LD carry out cold working, and pass reduction is 11.5%, and the deflection between annealing is 68%, and annealing temperature is 1045 ℃.(external diameter is Φ 3mm～Φ 25mm, and wall thickness is 0.5mm～1.5mm) greater than the finished product tubing of Φ 3mm different size to obtain external diameter through cold-rolling process.Typical products specification: external diameter Φ 18mm, wall thickness 0.8mm, external diameter Φ 3mm, wall thickness 0.5mm.The tubing of cold rolling gained 3mm is carried out drawing, and (external diameter is Φ 2mm～Φ 3mm, and wall thickness is that 0.5mm～1mm), the drawing passes working modulus is 11%, and the deflection between drawing annealing is 65% less than the finished product tubing of Φ 3mm different size to obtain external diameter.The typical products specification is: external diameter is Φ 2mm, and wall thickness is 0.5mm.The finished products temperature is 870 ℃, is incubated 1 hour.Adopt oblique six-roller straightener to align then, carry out conventional pickling, cleaning again, remove greasyly, obtain finished product tubing.
Embodiment 5
Press the Inconel690 alloy; Confected materials is put into medium-frequency induction furnace is heated to 1700 ℃, leave standstill 30 minutes after, cool to 1650 ℃ after skimming; With pouring metal melt in the mold of horizontal centrifugal casting machine; The casting mold rotating speed is 1000 rev/mins, obtains the Inconel690 alloy pipe stock, and the internal diameter of pipe is 0.5 with the ratio of external diameter.Pipe homogenising treatment temperature is 1150 ℃, is incubated 2.5 hours.After the machined, coat the high-temp antioxidizing agent, be heated to 1250 ℃ subsequently, be incubated 2 hours after the blank heating to 280 ℃; Cover and be coated with the glass powdered lubricant, push, extrusion speed is 93mm/s; The external diameter of extrude tubes is Φ 74mm, and wall thickness is 7mm, and extrusion ratio is 10.9.Serial cold pilger mills such as employing LG/LD carry out cold working, and the deflection between annealing is 75%, and pass reduction is 12.5%, and annealing temperature is 1050 ℃.(external diameter is Φ 3mm～Φ 25mm, and wall thickness is 0.5mm～1.5mm) greater than the finished product tubing of Φ 3mm different size to obtain external diameter through cold-rolling process.Typical products specification: external diameter Φ 20.05mm, wall thickness 1.09mm and external diameter Φ 3mm, wall thickness 0.5mm.The tubing of cold rolling gained 3mm is carried out drawing; (external diameter is Φ 2mm～Φ 3mm less than the finished product tubing of Φ 3mm different size to obtain external diameter; Wall thickness is that 0.5mm～1mm), the drawing passes working modulus is 11%, and the deflection between drawing annealing is 65%; The typical products specification is: external diameter is Φ 2mm, and wall thickness is 0.5mm.The finished products temperature is 870 ℃, is incubated 1 hour.Adopt oblique six-roller straightener to align then, carry out conventional pickling, cleaning again, remove greasyly, obtain finished product tubing.
Claims (8)
1. the short process making method of a small-bore nickel-base alloy thin-wall pipes comprises the steps:
(1) centrifugal casting heavy wall nickel-base alloy pipe;
(2) pipe with said alloy carries out machined, is preheating to 150 ℃～280 ℃ spraying high-temp antioxidizing glass lubricants, is heated to 1100 ℃～1250 ℃ subsequently, is incubated 1h～2h, covers to be coated with the glass powdered lubricant, and hot extrusion obtains tubing;
(3) tubing with step (2) gained carries out cold working and intermediate annealing;
(4) with the tubing of step (3) gained heat-treat, aligning, pickling and cleaning, obtain finished product tubing.
2. the short process making method of small-bore nickel-base alloy thin-wall pipes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described nickel-base alloy is that Nimonic or ambrose alloy are alloy.
3. the short process making method of small-bore nickel-base alloy thin-wall pipes according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the temperature of step (1) centrifugal casting when centrifugal casting is 1500 ℃～1700 ℃, and the internal diameter of heavy wall nickel-base alloy pipe with the ratio of external diameter is: 0.4～0.6.
4. the short process making method of small-bore nickel-base alloy thin-wall pipes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the extrusion speed described in the step (2) is 30mm/s～100mm/s, and extrusion temperature is 1000 ℃～1250 ℃, and extrusion ratio is 5～16.
5. the short process making method of small-bore nickel-base alloy thin-wall pipes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the cold working described in the step (3) is cold rolling or cold rolling and cold-drawn.
6. the short process making method of small-bore nickel-base alloy thin-wall pipes according to claim 5; It is characterized in that: described cold worked pass reduction is 10%～35%; Deflection between annealing is 50%～75%, and the intermediate annealing temperature is 850 ℃～1050 ℃.
7. the short process making method of small-bore nickel-base alloy thin-wall pipes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the heat treatment described in the step (4) is annealing, and annealing temperature is 550 ℃～900 ℃.
8. the short process making method of small-bore nickel-base alloy thin-wall pipes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the equipment of aligning is oblique six-roller straightener described in the step (4), and the finished product tube outer diameter is Φ 2mm～Φ 25mm, and wall thickness is 0.5mm～5mm.
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