CN102439247B - adjustable interlayer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a mezzanine, which provides a system in which all parts are extendable, so that the mezzanine can be installed anywhere and can be moved to other locations, and its structure can be adapted to different spaces without any changes to the above structure. The above structure includes four extendable columns (1), which support two extendable beams (12) through the column tops (7). Joints are used to connect a series of extendable joists (17) to the above beams (12), and horizontal floors (21) are installed on the above joists. The present invention also includes a staircase (22) installed on the upper part of the above structure through a connector.

Description

adjustable interlayer

Technical field:

The invention concerns mezzanines, all elements of which have an extension system that allows it to be installed in any suitable place and allows a change of position, the same structure being able to fit into other building spaces, without the need for masonry work or structural changes.

Background technique:

Its field of application is within the industry of building accessories, in particular that of mezzanines.

This technical sector prioritizes efficient developments dedicated to the functions in question, which lead to systems that are easy to install, that are low in cost and that provide a considerable technical result. The features of the system shown in the present invention fully comply with this concept, providing a novel, simple and economical production cost embodiment for the state of the art.

It is known that some models of this industry sector do not provide the state of the art with the novel features proposed in the present invention. The state of the art offers fixing sandwiches that are custom-made according to the specific location in which they are to be installed, as well as another type of assembled sandwich consisting of fixing components of conventional dimensions and which must be adapted to the location when installed.

With regard to the novelty of the present invention, the known interlayers have the following disadvantage: they cannot be re-used elsewhere, therefore, when moving to other places, the already installed interlayers must be discarded and new ones installed. The installation of the known mezzanines requires specialized personnel and the transport costs of these conventional mezzanines are greater than those of the proposed mezzanine because of the use of trailers long enough to accommodate the elements, which must be of fixed dimensions. It takes more time to install, and since these sandwiches are made of components that are fastened to each other, assembled sandwiches are not as rigid as the sandwiches provided by the present invention. Moreover, the traditional interlayer is not very versatile, and the installation is complicated, requiring masonry work to complete.

Sending operators to measure where the mezzanine must be installed means incurring economic costs. These conventional sandwiches are much more expensive to produce than the sandwiches proposed by the present invention due to the need to produce the sandwiches per unit. For this reason, sufficient inventories cannot be maintained, including service time growth.

Invention content:

The invention relates to a mezzanine comprising floors extended on beams supported by columns, characterized in that:

At least one cylinder formed by an upper cylinder part and a lower cylinder part telescopically inserted into each other, wherein the lower cylinder part has at least two lower holes and the upper cylinder part has at least two upper holes, positioning the holes to connect said two parts simultaneously by means of bolts;

at least one beam consisting of beam parts telescopically inserted into each other, the beam having on each beam part mutually conforming beam holes for its connection;

And the column body has a cap at the upper end, and the beam fastening surface of the column cap has a column cap hole conforming to the beam hole for connecting the beam to the column body.

In a preferred embodiment, the mezzanine comprises at least two fittings, each fitting being formed by two columns connected by a beam fastened by the top of the column, said fittings being connected to each other by joists, the joists being connected by each other Telescopically insertable joist members are formed and have holes in each joist member that conform to each other for their connection; each end of the joist includes a beam-joist joint having a beam-joist surface and The connection to the joint surface of the joists is through corresponding beam-joist holes which correspond respectively to the beam holes and joist holes used to attach the fittings.

In yet another preferred embodiment, the sandwich comprises at least four columns, at least two beams and at least two joists.

With regard to the aforementioned shortcomings, the present invention provides a novel, simple and easy-to-implement solution to the prior art, resulting in the following advantages:

It can be reused in other places, and when moving to another place, it is not necessary to discard the installed interlayer and install a new interlayer, and professional workers are not required to install the interlayer proposed by the present invention. Since the use of large vehicles is not required, shipping costs are lower than those of traditional mezzanines. The time used for installation is much lower, the sandwich proposed by the present invention is stronger and more versatile than the assembled sandwich, the installation is uncomplicated, no masonry work is required, no operator needs to be deployed to measure where the sandwich must be installed, and therefore economical save. Because the dimensions of the components are always the same, serial production is possible and therefore less expensive to produce. To this end, stock availability can be maintained, including saving service time.

The end result of all these combined components has a distinctly different character than the current state of the art.

Thus, the invention consists of four columns made of steel or a material of the same character formed with telescoping sleeves. Preferably the flat metal block is round or otherwise shaped with openings so that the flat block can be screwed to the floor, welded to the bottom of the down tube centrifugally with the largest area facing inside the structure, thus preventing the columns from being too far from the wall. The two tubes forming the column have conforming holes that control the height of the structure via pins. At the upper end of the column there is a capital, which may be made of the same material and is formed from a flat block bent substantially at a right angle, welded to the column on one side and screwed to the lower on the beam mentioned above. The substantially right-angled flat piece forming the capital has a reinforcing flat piece welded to the cylinder and welded to the capital on the side welded to the cylinder.

The beam made of steel or other wear-resistant materials is integrally connected to the top of the column through screws, and the cross-section of the beam is rectangular. The longer side of the rectangle outlines the cross-section of the beam, along the entire length of which there is a hole large enough to receive a joint made of a sheet of the same material as the previous element, bent essentially at right angles. One side of the joint is coupled by a screw inside the rectangle formed by the beam, and the other side of the joint is coupled in the same way inside the joist, which is similar to the beam, though smaller in size. On the side opposite to the side cut along the entire length of the beam, there are holes that coincide with the holes in the caps and the joints, and there are also other larger holes that serve as conduits for cables.

The beams and joists consist of two parts inserted telescopically into each other, fixed by through-bolts passing through their holes, which determine the width and depth of the mezzanine. The ends of each beam are connected to the columns, the beams and the two columns forming the fittings, the mezzanine is formed by two fittings, one front and one rear, connected by joists which in turn support the horizontal floor two fittings formed from sheets of hard material fastened to the joists. Finally the floor is placed on this level according to the intended use of the mezzanine.

On the most convenient side of the structure there is a staircase made of two stringers, the extendable beams forming the stringers, the upper ends of which have joints formed of plates bent twice at right angles, connected by screws, one One side is attached to the stringers, and the other two sides are attached to the beams or joists and the level floor. The lower ends of the beams that form the stairs contain other anchor rods, and flat pieces bent at appropriate angles form the anchor rods based on the inclination of the stairs.

Connect the platform steps made of wear-resistant material to the holes of the two beams by screws.

Produce a different embodiment using another material with sufficient resistance and stiffness to support the design load.

A different embodiment consists of more than four columns.

A different embodiment includes polygonal cylinders or cylinders of another shape.

The bottom flat at the lower end of the cylinder is polygonal or another shape.

The reinforcing flat pieces of the caps located at the upper ends of the columns are polygonal or another shape.

Cross-sections of beams and joists are Σ-shaped, Z-shaped, ω-shaped, u-shaped, etc. in various ways.

A different embodiment consists of beams and joists of square cross-section.

The mezzanine contains the upper side bars in a different form.

Stairs have side rails.

In a different embodiment, the staircase is movable upwards and has an axis of rotation in its upper part.

Alternatively, hide the stairs under the mezzanine beams and move the stairs horizontally towards the interior of the mezzanine.

There is no difference, the stair is secured by a leg which hangs down from the lower part of the stair on one side, allowing free passage under the stair.

The stairs are pivoted in different ways in a longitudinal beam or in the supporting beams of the landing steps and foldable handrails towards the side with the axis of rotation.

In a different embodiment, the staircase is located inside the mezzanine, between two joists, and an opening is made in the floor of the upper floor for access.

The adjustable members are connected in various ways by means of flanges contained within the members, making the use of screws or other fixing members unnecessary.

Description of drawings:

For a better understanding of the invention, a drawing describing a preferred embodiment of the invention by way of non-limiting example is attached:

Figure 1 - Diagram of the fitting

Figure 2 - Cylinder

Figure 3 - Column top

Figure 4 - Beam

Figure 5 - Joist-Beam Joints

Figure 6 - Stairs

Figure 7 - Stairs - mezzanine joints

Figure 8 - Flat block at the bottom of the stairs

In said figures, the components marked below are emphasized:

1-Cylinder

2- Upper column parts

3- Lower column parts

4-Cylinder bottom flat block

5- Bottom hole

6- Upper hole

7-column

8 - Welded to the top surface of the post

9-Beam fastening surface

10-column top hole

11-Reinforcing flat block

12-beam

13- Longitudinal section

14 - Beam-joist joints

15-beam hole

16-Beam components

17 - joists

18 - Joist - Beam Surface

19 - Beam - Joist Hole

20 - Joint surface attached to joists

21-level floor

22 - stairs

23-stair joint

24-sliding hole

25-stair joint flat block

26-Stair fastening flat block

27 - Welded Flat Block Hole

28 - Stair Beam

29 - Stair Bottom Joint

30 - Bottom Joint - Beam Surface

31 - Bottom Joint - Floor Surface

32 - Bottom Connector - Floor Hole

33 - platform ladder

34-bolt.

Detailed ways:

The preferred embodiment of the invention consists of four steel cylindrical columns 1 formed from two parts, an upper column part 2 and a lower column part 3, one mounted inside the other and one Located at the upper part 2 and having a smaller diameter, one part slides inside the other, while the other part 3 is located at the lower part and has a larger diameter enough to allow it to slide. One end of the lower cylinder part 3 has a circular cylinder bottom flat piece 4 made of the same material, several holes are centrifugally welded to the cylinder. The lower cylinder part 3 has at least two lower cylinder part holes 5 on the same level, opposite to each other, at the other end of the above-mentioned cylinder bottom flat piece 4 . The upper cylinder part 2 has a smaller diameter than the lower cylinder part 3 and has spaced apart upper cylinder part holes 6 along its entire length, which are similar to the holes of the lower cylinder part 3 . The height of the interlayer is obtained by connecting the holes of the lower column part 3 with the holes made in the upper column part 2 using pins 34 . At the upper end of the upper cylindrical part 2 of smaller diameter is a cap 7 of the same material, formed of a flat block bent at a right angle so as to have two surfaces perpendicular to each other, welded to the cap surface of the column 8 The width of the column is equal to that of the upper column part 2, and the column top surface is welded to the upper column part. What will be described below is that the width of another beam fastening surface 9 is equal to that of the beam 12, and the column top hole 10 of the fastening surface Conform to other holes made in the beam 12. On the outside of the beam fastening surface 9 there is at least one arc-shaped reinforcing flat piece 11 , the flat part of which is jointly welded to the column top 7 and the upper column part 2 .

A rectangular beam 12 made of the same material as the above elements is connected by screws to the already described column top 7, having a longitudinal beam section 13 on one of the longer sides of the rectangle made along its entire length, which has sufficient to accommodate the beam-to-joist joint 14 described below. On the opposite side of the longitudinal beam section 13 there are beam openings 15 which coincide with the column top openings 10 along the entire length of the beam 12 .

Similar to the columns 1, these beams 12 consist of two beam parts 16 inserted into each other, with sufficient tolerances to allow their sliding, and the width and length of the sandwich are determined by the beams fastened by through-bolts through their holes 15 .

The joist 17 is of the same shape, material, composition and length as the beam 12, but has a slightly smaller profile, and its extensibility controls the depth of the structure, which is connected by screws to the beam-joist joint 14 above, below To be described in the text. Each end comprises a beam-joist joint 14 formed by a flat block of the same material as the previous element, bent at a right angle, with the two faces perpendicular to each other. One surface is the joist-to-beam surface 18, of sufficient size to couple to the inside of the rectangle formed by the beam, the necessary beam-to-joist holes 19 conforming to and screwed into those holes made in the beam 12. The other surface, the surface of the joint that joins into the joist 20, at the end of the joist 17, needs to couple its dimensions in the same way as above. Each end is coupled into a respective beam 12 by the beam-joist joint 14 described above, with sufficient joists 17 installed along the entire length of the beam 12 to support the intended weight of the structure.

The ends of each beam 12 are connected to the column 1, the beam 12 and the two columns 1 forming a fitting, the mezzanine is formed by two fittings, one front and one rear, by which in turn support the horizontal floor A joist 17 at 21 connects the two fittings, which are formed from sheets of hard material fastened to the joist 17 . Finally a floor is placed on this level floor 21 according to the intended use of the mezzanine.

On the most convenient side of the structure there is a staircase 22 consisting of two extendable stair beams 28 with stair joints 23 at their upper ends, secured by flats 26 bent at right angles. Formed in each surface thereof are slide holes 24 screwed into the beams 12 or joists 17 and into the horizontal floor 21 using the holes provided thereon. Incorporating another stair joint flat 25 into the flat and welded vertically into the edge of a surface forming an angle greater than 90 degrees with the flat and defining the slope of the stair 22, the stair joint flat 25 is welded Flat block holes 27 conform to the stair beams 28, which support and form the staircase 22, and which are fastened into the staircase by screws. The other end of the stair beams 28 forming the stairs 22 includes a stair bottom joint 29 formed from flats bent at right angles, one of the surfaces, the bottom joint-beam surface 30 , screwed into each stair beam 28 . The other surface of the flat, the joint-to-floor surface 31, has at least one bottom joint-to-floor hole 32, whereby the stair 22 is connected to the floor by extension anchors.

The platform steps 33 made of wear-resistant materials are connected to the holes of the two stair beams 28 by screws.

Claims (14)

1. an interlayer, is included in the flooring of expanding on the crossbeam being supported by cylinder, it is characterized in that:

At least one cylinder (1) of the upper cylinder component (2) of being inserted by telescopically each other and lower prop parts (3) formation, wherein said lower prop parts (3) have at least two lower square holes (5), described upper cylinder component (2) has at least two upper aperture (6), these holes are positioned to connect two parts (2,3) by bolt (34) simultaneously;

At least one crossbeam (12) that the beam part (16) being inserted by telescopically each other forms, this crossbeam on each beam part, have meet mutually and for the crossbeam hole (15) of its connection;

And described cylinder (1) has capital (7) in upper end, the crossbeam fastening surface (9) of this capital has the capital hole (10) meeting with crossbeam hole (15), for described crossbeam (12) is connected to described cylinder (1).

2. interlayer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described interlayer comprises at least two accessories, each accessory is formed by two cylinders (1) that connect by crossbeam (12), by fastening this crossbeam of capital (7), described accessory is connected to each other by joist (17), the joist parts that this joist is inserted by telescopically each other form, and on each joist parts, have meet mutually and for the hole of its connection; Every end of described joist (17) comprises and has crossbeam-crossbeam-trimmer joist (14) of joist surface (18) and be connected to the joint surface (20) of joist by corresponding crossbeam-joist hole (19), this crossbeam-joist hole is consistent with crossbeam hole (15) and joist hole respectively, for connecting described accessory.

3. interlayer according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that described interlayer comprises at least four cylinders (1), at least two crossbeams (12) and at least two joists (17).

4. interlayer according to claim 2, is characterized in that the described accessory support level floor (21) connecting by joist (17).

5. interlayer according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that described capital (7) has at least one and reinforces flat (11) on its crossbeam fastening surface (9).

6. interlayer according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that one end of described lower prop parts (3) has flat of base with holes (4), for being connected to floor.

7. interlayer according to claim 6, is characterized in that, in centrifugal mode, described base flat (4) is connected to cylinder (1), and maximum region is towards the inside of structure.

8. interlayer according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that described upper cylinder component (2) and lower prop parts (3) consist of wear-resistant steel material and is cylindrical or polygon.

9. interlayer according to claim 3, is characterized in that described crossbeam (12) or joist (17) consist of wear-resistant steel material and its cross section is rectangle, square, Σ shape, Ζ shape, ω shape or U-shaped.

10. interlayer according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that described interlayer comprises the stair (22) that formed by stair beam (28), each stair beam (28) consists of the stair beam parts that telescopically inserts each other, and on each stair beam parts, have and meet mutually and for the hole of its connection, described stair comprise the ladder (33) that is connected to stair beam (28) by hole.

11. interlayers according to claim 10, is characterized in that the upper end of described stair beam (28) has stair joint (23).

12. interlayers according to claim 11, it is characterized in that described stair joint (23) is formed by stair fastening flat (26), fastening flat shape and its each surface adapting with crossbeam (12) or joist (17) of these stair all has for being connected to the slide opening (24) of crossbeam (12) or joist (17), described stair joint (23) comprises flat of stair joint (25), this flat has the flat hole (27) being consistent with the hole of stair beam (28), for stair (22) are connected to interlayer.

13. interlayers according to claim 10, it is characterized in that described stair beam (28) comprises the stair bottom fitting (29) being formed by bottom fitting-beam surface (30) and joint-floor surface (31), described bottom fitting-beam surface has the hole being consistent with the hole of stair beam (28), for fastening described stair beam, described joint-floor surface has at least one bottom fitting-floor openings (32), for stair (22) are connected to floor.

14. interlayers according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that the flange by comprising in parts connects adjustable member, make to use screw or other fixed component.

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