CN102437512B - Gas switch - Google Patents

Abstract

A gas switch includes an upper electrode, a lower electrode, an insulating sleeve, and a metal sleeve. The upper electrode and the lower electrode are made of high-density graphite materials and arranged axially symmetrically. The lower part of the upper electrode, the upper part of the lower electrode and the The upper part of the metal sleeve has been rounded. The insulating sleeve is tightly fitted outside the lower electrode. The height of the insulating sleeve is smaller than the height of the lower electrode. The metal sleeve is tightly fitted outside the insulating sleeve. The height is substantially the same as that of the lower electrode. The metal sleeve is close to the outside of the insulating sleeve, thereby avoiding the problem of the conduction performance degradation of the gas switch caused by severe ablation of the lower electrode, and prolonging the service life of the gas switch. In addition, the groove formed between the lower electrode and the metal sleeve can allow the plasma to move toward the upper electrode, thereby effectively ensuring the breakdown and conduction performance of the gas switch.

Description

gas switch

technical field

The invention relates to a gas switch.

Background technique

As a commonly used pulse power switch, the gas switch has the advantages of fast response, small loss, high withstand voltage, large conduction current, high stability, low inductance and jitter, easy adjustment of working voltage, simple and firm structure, and low cost. It has been widely used in the field of high-voltage electrical technology and pulse power technology.

However, the existing gas switch has the following problems: under the condition of large current conduction, the trigger electrode will be ablated unevenly, which will affect the conduction performance and service life of the gas switch, and increase the maintenance cost.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a gas switch, which can solve the above technical problems.

A gas switch, including an upper electrode, a lower electrode, an insulating sleeve, and a metal sleeve, is characterized in that: the upper electrode and the lower electrode are arranged axially symmetrically, and the lower part of the upper electrode and the upper part of the lower electrode are rounded, The upper edge of the metal sleeve is bent outward into a U shape, and the insulating sleeve is tightly fitted outside the lower electrode. The height of the insulating sleeve is smaller than the height of the lower electrode. The metal sleeve is tightly fitted outside the insulating sleeve. The height is basically the same as the height of the lower electrode.

The insulating sleeve is made of polymer material with strong insulating properties.

The insulating sleeve is made of epoxy resin or Bakelite.

The metal sleeve is made of metal material with good electrical conductivity and high temperature resistance.

Metal sleeves are made of copper, tungsten alloy or stainless steel.

A groove is formed between the metal sleeve and the lower electrode.

The upper electrode and the lower electrode are cylinders.

There is no gap between the metal sleeve and the lower electrode, and between the metal sleeve and the insulating sleeve.

The upper electrode and the lower electrode are made of high-density graphite material.

Compared with the prior art, the gas switch of the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The metal sleeve is close to the outside of the insulating sleeve, thereby avoiding the problem of the conduction performance of the gas switch caused by severe ablation of the lower electrode, and prolonging the service life of the gas switch.

2. The lower part of the upper electrode and the upper part of the lower electrode are rounded to form an approximately uniform electric field between the upper electrode and the lower electrode, effectively preventing electric field distortion.

3. The upper edge of the metal sleeve is bent outward into a U shape, which can prevent the formation of an uneven electric field when a voltage is applied between the upper electrode and the lower electrode, thereby improving the performance of the gas switch.

4. The groove formed between the lower electrode and the metal sleeve allows the plasma to move toward the upper electrode, thereby effectively ensuring the breakdown and conduction performance of the gas switch.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the gas switch of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the gas switch of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the gas switch of the present invention includes a metal sleeve 1 , a lower electrode 2 , an insulating sleeve 3 and an upper electrode 4 .

The upper electrode 4 and the lower electrode 2 are made of high-density graphite material and arranged axially symmetrically.

The lower part of the upper electrode 4 and the upper part of the lower electrode 2 are rounded so that an approximately uniform electric field is formed between the upper electrode 4 and the lower electrode 2 to effectively prevent electric field distortion.

The insulating sleeve 3 is tightly sleeved on the outside of the lower electrode 2 , and the height of the insulating sleeve 3 is smaller than that of the lower electrode 2 .

The metal sleeve 1 is tightly fitted on the outside of the insulating sleeve 3. The height of the metal sleeve 1 is basically the same as that of the lower electrode 2. The upper edge of the metal sleeve 1 is bent outward to form a U shape to prevent the upper electrode 4 from contacting the lower electrode When a voltage is applied between the electrodes 2, an inhomogeneous electric field area is formed, which affects the performance of the gas switch.

The insulating sleeve is made of a polymer material with strong insulating properties, such as epoxy resin or bakelite.

The metal sleeve is made of metal materials with good electrical conductivity and high temperature resistance, such as copper, tungsten alloy or stainless steel.

In this embodiment, the upper electrode 4 and the lower electrode 2 are cylinders with a height of 40 mm and a diameter of 80 mm, and the insulating sleeve 3 has a height of 25 mm and a thickness of 6 mm.

There is no gap between the metal sleeve 1 and the lower electrode 2 and between the metal sleeve 1 and the insulating sleeve 3 .

The upper part of the metal sleeve 1 is rounded to prevent the formation of an extremely uneven electric field area when a voltage is applied between the upper electrode 4 and the lower electrode 2 and affect the switching performance.

The working principle of the present invention is as follows: when working, a certain voltage is applied between the upper electrode 4 and the lower electrode 2 through the charging device, so that a certain electric field is formed between the two, and the trigger pulse voltage is applied to the metal sleeve 1 When , the gas gap at the groove between the metal sleeve 1 and the lower electrode 2 is broken down, thereby forming a large number of charged particles, which move to the outside of the groove under the action of Lorentz force, and the charged particles are on the upper electrode 4 Under the action of the electric field between the upper electrode 4 and the lower electrode 2, the upper electrode 4 moves, and then a penetrating streamer channel is formed between the upper electrode 4 and the lower electrode 2 according to the streamer development process in the streamer theory, resulting in breakdown of the main gap of the switch. Since the lower electrode 2 and the metal sleeve 1 discharge when the trigger pulse voltage is applied, the discharge ablation area at this time is the side of the lower electrode 2 and the inner side of the metal sleeve 1, which avoids the existence of the traditional trigger pin three-electrode switch. The serious ablation of the needle affects the conduction performance of the gas switch and shortens the service life of the gas switch; at the same time, the plasma generated when the side of the lower electrode 2 and the metal sleeve 1 discharges moves outward along the groove, and the electric field Under the action, the upper electrode 4 moves quickly to quickly form a discharge channel through the upper electrode 4 and the lower electrode 2, which can effectively ensure the breakdown of the switch.

Claims (9)

1. gas switch, comprise top electrode, bottom electrode, insulating sleeve, metal sleeve, it is characterized in that: described top electrode and described bottom electrode are axially and are symmetrical arranged, process through rounding on the bottom of described top electrode and the top of described bottom electrode, the top edge of described metal sleeve bends outwards into U-shaped, described insulating sleeve is tightly placed in the outside of described bottom electrode, the height of described insulating sleeve is less than the height of described bottom electrode, described metal sleeve is tightly placed in the outside of described insulating sleeve, and the height of described metal sleeve and the height of described bottom electrode are basic identical.

2. gas switch according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described insulating sleeve is to be made by the strong macromolecular material of insulation property.

3. gas switch according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described insulating sleeve is to be made by epoxy resin or bakelite.

4. gas switch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described metal sleeve be by conduct electricity very well, resistant to elevated temperatures metal material makes.

5. gas switch according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described metal sleeve is to be made by copper, tungsten alloy or stainless steel.

6. gas switch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: form groove between described metal sleeve and the described bottom electrode.

7. gas switch according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described top electrode and described bottom electrode are cylinder.

8. gas switch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: between described metal sleeve and the described bottom electrode, very close to each other between described metal sleeve and the described insulating sleeve.

9. gas switch according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described top electrode and described bottom electrode are to be made by high-density graphite material.

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