CN102432409B - High-density high-explosion-speed water gel explosive seismic charge and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-density, high-detonation-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source charge column and a preparation method thereof. The high-density water-gel explosive in the seismic source charge contains high-energy additives; its composition is calculated by weight percentage: coating-grade aluminum powder 46~ 60. Ferrosilicon powder 31~40, liquid paraffin 4~6, turpentine 5~8. First, paint-grade aluminum powder and ferrosilicon powder are added to the mixture of liquid paraffin and turpentine to make high-energy additives. Under low-speed stirring, add monomethylamine nitrate solution, ethylenediamine dinitrate, ammonium nitrate, antifreeze and control the temperature at 55°C~75°C, then add the mixture of sodium nitrate and safflower powder, cross-linking agent, high-energy Additives are mixed to form high-density water-gel explosives, and then put into the shell of the seismic source charge inserted with ordinary detonating cords and sealed to obtain the finished product. The advantage is that it does not contain toxic substances such as TNT; it has high density, high detonation velocity, high power per unit volume, safety and environmental protection, certain compression resistance and frost resistance, and simple manufacturing method.

Description

High-density and high-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source charge column and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a high-density, high-detonation-velocity water-gel explosive source charge column and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a high-density, high-detonation-velocity source charge column for seismic exploration of petroleum and coal fields and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

In oil and coal field seismic exploration, the source charge explodes in the excitation medium to form seismic waves. Seismic waves will be reflected when encountering different geological interfaces in the formation, and the signals of the reflected waves are received by the geophones arranged on the ground, so as to analyze the occurrence of oil or coal seams. According to the depth of oil or coal seam burial and the conditions of the excitation medium, the source charge is required to have different densities and detonation velocities, which are usually divided into three types, namely high density and high detonation velocity (density ≥ 1.4g/cm ³ , detonation velocity ≥ 5000m/s) Seismic source charge, medium density and medium detonation velocity (density 1.2~1.4g/cm ³ , detonation velocity ≥ 4000m/s) seismic source charge, low density and low detonation velocity (density 1.0~1.2g/cm ³ , detonation velocity ≥ 3500m/s) seismic source charge column. For the latter two types, both common water-gel explosives and emulsion explosives can be realized. For the first product, the patent No. 88210907.3 discloses a high-explosive velocity forming charge. The main charge is a mixture of HSG and TNT (abbreviated as pure black ladder) or TNT explosive that cannot be reused by military products and injected into the shell of the seismic source charge. Among them, density > 1.5g/cm ³ , detonation velocity >6000m/s; Patent No. 02276591.3 discloses a source charge for seismic exploration. The main charge is composed of emulsion explosive and TNT, with a density of 1-1.5g/ cm ³ . The main charges of these two kinds of source grains have relatively high density and contain a large amount of TNT, which are likely to cause harm to the human body and pollution to the environment during the process of manufacture and use. Patent No. 00233133.0 discloses a powdery high detonation velocity source charge. Although the detonation velocity reaches over 5000m/s, the density of the main charge is only 1.2~1.4g/cm ³ . The patent No. 02268346.1 discloses a high detonation velocity anti-water shock source charge column. The main charge adopts decommissioned explosives. The detonation velocity of the explosive is as high as 6800~7000m/s, but the danger sensitivity of the explosive is high and the production is unsafe; the patent No. 200820024132.8 discloses For the high detonation velocity seismic source charge, a central plastic tube is set in the center of the source charge shell, and the central plastic tube is filled with high-energy detonating cord (the charge of the core charge is 18~22g/m), and the central plastic tube and the charge shell The space between the internal walls is filled with low-performance explosives. Although the source charge meets the performance requirements of the high-detonation velocity source charge, the main charge is a low-performance explosive with low charge density and low energy per unit volume, which makes the reflection of seismic waves low energy. Patent No. 03282513.7 discloses a water-gel explosive seismic source charge, the main charge of which is ordinary rock water-gel explosive with a low density of only 1.0-1.2g/cm ³ , and the shell of the seismic source charge is made of high compressive The high-strength rigid PVC plastic pipe shell is used to improve the compressive performance of the source grain.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problem that the main charge of the existing high-density and high-detonation-velocity seismic source charge contains TNT, an environmentally polluting substance, or decommissioned gunpowder with high risk sensitivity, the present invention provides a high-density, high-explosive Sushuijiao explosive seismic source powder column, and a preparation method of the seismic source powder column is also provided.

The specific technical plan is as follows:

A high-density, high-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source charge is characterized in that the seismic source charge includes a high-density water-gel explosive, an ordinary detonating cord, and a seismic source charge shell; the high-density water-gel explosive contains high-energy additives; The composition of the high-energy additive is calculated by weight percentage: 46-60 parts of coating-grade aluminum powder, 31-40 parts of ferrosilicon powder, 4-6 parts of liquid paraffin, and 5-8 parts of turpentine.

The composition of the high-density water-gel explosive is calculated by weight percentage: 33-45% of monomethylamine nitrate aqueous solution, 8-10% of ethylenediamine dinitrate, 32-36% of ammonium nitrate, 1-2% of antifreeze, and 5% of sodium nitrate ~7. Squash powder 0.8~1, crosslinking agent 0.1~0.3, high-energy additive 8.1~10.7; the concentration of monomethylamine nitric acid aqueous solution is 75%~86%.

The common detonating cord includes a core drug, the core drug is Taian or RDX, the charge of the core drug is 8-12 g/m, and the detonation velocity is >6000m/s.

Antifreeze is pentaerythritol, dimethyl sulfoxide or a mixture of both.

The method for making the high-density and high-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source charge of the present invention comprises the following steps:

a. Add paint-grade aluminum powder and ferrosilicon powder to the mixture of liquid paraffin and turpentine and stir evenly to obtain high-energy additives;

b. Sodium nitrate is mixed and pulverized to obtain the mixture of sodium nitrate and green field powder after mixing and pulverizing;

c. Add monomethylamine nitrate solution with a concentration of 75%~86%, ethylenediamine dinitrate, ammonium nitrate, and antifreeze in sequence under stirring, and control the temperature at 55°C~75°C, and then add the solution obtained by b respectively. The mixture of sodium nitrate and sage powder, cross-linking agent, the high-energy additive obtained by step a are mixed into high-density water-gel explosives;

d. Insert a common detonating cord with a length equal to the length of the shell of the source charge into the shell of the source charge, then inject the high-density water-gel explosive obtained in step c, and seal it to obtain a high-density, high-velocity water-gel explosive source charge column. the

The basic principle of the present invention is: although the coating-grade aluminum powder and ferrosilicon powder in the high-energy additive are easily oxidized with the oxidant in the explosive during storage, the coating-grade aluminum powder and silicon powder can be mixed with liquid paraffin and turpentine. The iron powder is further coated, so that the surface of the aluminum powder and ferrosilicon powder is covered with a water-resistant film, which prevents the direct contact between the coating-grade aluminum powder and the ferrosilicon powder and the oxidant ammonium nitrate, thereby improving the production efficiency of the metal powder in the high-energy additive. and antioxidant capacity during storage.

Monomethylamine nitrate solution, ethylenediamine dinitrate, ammonium nitrate and antifreeze are miscible at a certain temperature to form a low eutectic substance with a low crystallization point, and the gelling agent such as squash powder is mixed with nitric acid After the sodium is premixed, with the help of the property that sodium nitrate is easily soluble in water, the squid powder is completely hydrated in the solution to form a gel, and then a cross-linking agent and a high-energy additive are added in turn to mix to obtain a high-density water-gel explosive. Since the explosive cross-linking needs a certain period of time, it has fluidity before the explosive cross-linking, and can be injected into the shell of the seismic source charge equipped with ordinary detonating cords by screw pumping. This high-density water-gel explosive, ordinary detonating cords and The shell of the source charge column is assembled into a high-density and high-velocity water-gel explosive source charge column. Because this high-density water-gel explosive contains a sensitizer of monomethylamine nitrate, and at the same time, the metal powder in the added high-energy additive has bubbles adsorbed, which can form "hot spots" during the explosion reaction of the explosive, making this high-density water-gel explosive It has good detonation sensitivity, can be reliably detonated and propagated by ordinary detonating cord, and its detonation velocity is equal to that of ordinary detonating cord. In addition, the coating-grade aluminum powder and ferrosilicon powder in the high-energy additives have good secondary reaction effects, so this water-gel explosive seismic source grain has high energy density and power.

The present invention has the following characteristics:

1. Use liquid paraffin and turpentine in the high-energy additives to further coat the coating-grade aluminum powder and ferrosilicon powder, so that the surface of the aluminum powder and ferrosilicon powder is coated with a water-resistant film to prevent the aluminum powder, ferrosilicon powder and nitric acid The direct contact of ammonium and other oxidant aqueous solution plays a decisive role in preventing the metal powder in the high-energy additive from being oxidized. This point is the key technology of the present invention. Because if metal powder is added as a high-energy additive in the existing explosive, the metal powder is easily oxidized by the oxidizing agent, causing the power of the explosive to decrease after a period of stability.

2. Monomethylamine nitrate solution, ethylenediamine dinitrate, ammonium nitrate and antifreeze agent are miscible to form a low eutectic mixture. This low eutectic mixture has a low crystallization point, which is conducive to improving the stability and stability of the explosive system. frost resistance.

3. Through the common sensitization effect of monomethylamine nitrate, ethylenediamine dinitrate and high-energy additives in the components, the explosive has better detonation sensitivity, instead of using chemical foaming or expanding pearls like ordinary rock water-gel explosives Rock sensitization, which plays a key role in the high pressure resistance of the source charge and the reliable initiation and transmission of detonation with ordinary detonating cords.

In summary, compared with the existing water-gel explosive seismic source charge column, the present invention has the remarkable advantages of

1) The metal powder in the high-energy additive is further coated by the liquid combustible agent, which effectively prevents the metal powder from being oxidized by the oxidant during production and storage.

2) Ethylenediamine dinitrate and antifreeze are added to the water gel explosive, which has a low crystallization point, good system stability and antifreeze.

3) The explosive has low water content, high density, high power and good compression resistance.

4) The charge structure is simple, and the high-density water-gel explosive can be reliably detonated and propagated by using an ordinary detonating cord to be axially placed in the shell of the source charge, so that the source charge can meet the performance requirements of high detonation velocity.

5) The manufacturing method of the explosive is simple, reliable, safe and suitable for industrial production.

The high-density and high-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source charge column provided by the invention is widely applicable to the requirements of seismic exploration in oil fields and coal fields.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the high-density and high-detonation-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source charge column of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following examples can enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention more comprehensively, but do not limit the present invention in any way. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the percentage content of each component in the present invention refers to the percentage content by weight.

<Example 1>

A high-density and high-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source charge column is composed of a high-density water-gel explosive and a common detonating cord (Taian (scientific name pentaerythritol tetranitrate, chemical formula C) with a charge of 10g/m (CH ₂ ONO ₂ ) ₄ ) and the shell of the seismic source charge, in which the composition of the high-density water-gel explosive is calculated by weight percentage: 82% monomethylamine nitric acid aqueous solution 39, ethylenediamine dinitrate 9, nitric acid Ammonium 34, antifreeze agent pentaerythritol 1.5, sodium nitrate 6, kale powder 0.9, cross-linking agent potassium dichromate 0.15, high-energy additive 9.45. Wherein the composition of high-energy additive is calculated by weight percentage: coating grade aluminum powder 53, Ferrosilicon powder 35.5, liquid paraffin 5, turpentine 6.5.

According to the above-mentioned components and contents, the high-density and high-detonation-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source powder column of the present invention is prepared by the following preparation steps.

The preparation method of the high-density and high-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source charge column is:

a. Add paint-grade aluminum powder and ferrosilicon powder to the mixture of liquid paraffin and turpentine and stir evenly to obtain high-energy additives;

b. Sodium nitrate is mixed and pulverized to obtain the mixture of sodium nitrate and green field powder after mixing and pulverizing;

c. Add monomethylamine nitrate solution with a concentration of 82%, ethylenediamine dinitrate, ammonium nitrate, and antifreeze in sequence under low-speed stirring, and control the temperature at 55°C~75°C, and then add the nitric acid obtained from b The mixture of sodium and safflower powder, cross-linking agent, and the high-energy additive obtained by step a are mixed into high-density water-gel explosives;

d. Please refer to Fig. 1, insert a common detonating cord 3 with a length equal to the length of the shell of the source charge into the shell 1 of the source charge, and then inject the high-density water-gel explosive 2 obtained in step c, and use the detonator Seat 4 is sealed to produce a high-density and high-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source column with a density of 1.43g/cm ³ and a detonation velocity greater than 6300m/s.

<Example 2>

A high-density, high-detonation-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source charge consists of a high-density water-gel explosive, a common detonating cord (Hessogenin with a core charge of 11g/m) and a seismic source charge shell. The composition of the high-density water-gel explosive is calculated by weight percentage: a concentration of 75% monomethylamine nitrate aqueous solution 33, ethylenediamine dinitrate 10, ammonium nitrate 36, antifreeze agent dimethyl sulfoxide 2, Sodium nitrate 7, scallop powder 1, crosslinking agent potassium pyroantimonate 0.3, high-energy additive 10.7. The composition of the high-energy additive is calculated by weight percentage: 60 coating grade aluminum powder, 31 ferrosilicon powder, 4 liquid paraffin, and 5 turpentine.

According to the above components and contents, according to the preparation steps of Example 1, a high-density and high-detonation-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source column with a density of 1.42g/cm ³ and a detonation velocity greater than 6400m/s was prepared.

<Example 3>

A high-density, high-detonation-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source charge consists of a high-density water-gel explosive, a common detonating cord (Tai’an with a core charge of 9g/m) and a seismic source charge shell, wherein The composition of the high-density water-gel explosive is calculated by weight percentage: a concentration of 86% monomethylamine nitrate aqueous solution 45, ethylenediamine dinitrate 8, ammonium nitrate 32, antifreeze agent dimethyl sulfoxide 1, nitric acid Sodium 5, scallop powder 0.8, crosslinking agent potassium dichromate 0.1, high-energy additive 8.1. The components of the high-energy additive are calculated by weight percentage: 46 coating grade aluminum powders, 40 ferrosilicon powders, 6 liquid paraffins, and 8 turpentine oils.

According to the above components and contents, according to the preparation steps of Example 1, a high-density and high-detonation-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source column with a density of 1.41g/cm ³ and a detonation velocity greater than 6200m/s was prepared.

<Example 4>

A high-density and high-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source charge consists of a high-density water-gel explosive, a common detonating cord (Taian with a core charge of 11g/m) and a seismic source charge shell, wherein The composition of the high-density water-gel explosive is calculated by weight percentage: concentration is 81% monomethylamine nitrate aqueous solution 40, ethylenediamine dinitrate 10, ammonium nitrate 33, antifreeze agent pentaerythritol 1.9, sodium nitrate 6, field Cyanine powder 0.8, crosslinking agent potassium permanganate 0.13, high-energy additive 8.17. The composition of the high-energy additive is calculated by weight percentage: 50 coating grade aluminum powder, 36 ferrosilicon powder, 6 liquid paraffin, and 8 turpentine oil.

According to the above components and contents, according to the preparation steps of Example 1, a high-density and high-detonation-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source column with a density of 1.41g/cm ³ and a detonation velocity greater than 6400m/s was prepared.

<Example 5>

A high-density and high-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source charge, which consists of a high-density water-gel explosive, an ordinary rock detonating cord (Hessokin with a core charge of 11g/m) and a source charge shell , wherein the composition of the high-density water-gel explosive is calculated by weight percentage: a concentration of 79% monomethylamine nitrate aqueous solution 39, ethylenediamine dinitrate 9, ammonium nitrate 34, antifreeze agent (dimethyl sulfoxide : pentaerythritol = 1:1) 1.4, sodium nitrate 5, scallop powder 0.9, cross-linking agent potassium pyroantimonate 0.16, high-energy additive 10.54. The composition of the high-energy additive is calculated by weight percentage: 57 coating grade aluminum powders, 33 ferrosilicon powders, 5 liquid paraffins, and 5 turpentine oils.

According to the above-mentioned components and contents, according to the preparation steps of Example 1, a high-density and high-detonation-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source column with a density of 1.44g/cm ³ and a detonation velocity greater than 6400m/s was prepared.

<Example 6>

A high-density, high-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source charge consists of a high-density water-gel explosive, an ordinary rock detonating cord (Taian with a core charge of 12g/m) and a seismic source charge shell. Wherein the composition of the high-density water-gel explosive is calculated by weight percentage: a concentration of 84% monomethylamine nitrate aqueous solution 41, ethylenediamine dinitrate 8, ammonium nitrate 33, antifreeze agent pentaerythritol 1.7, sodium nitrate 6, Sesame powder 0.9, cross-linking agent potassium dichromate 0.13, high-energy additive 9.27. The components of the high-energy additive are calculated by weight percentage: 54 coating-grade aluminum powders, 34 ferrosilicon powders, 6 liquid paraffins, and 6 turpentine oils.

According to the above components and contents, according to the preparation steps of Example 1, a high-density and high-detonation-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source column with a density of 1.43g/cm ³ and a detonation velocity greater than 6400m/s was prepared.

Claims (7)

1. A high-density and high-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source charge is characterized in that the seismic source charge comprises high-density water-gel explosives, common detonating cords and seismic source charge shells; the high-density water-gel explosive contains high-energy Additive: The composition of the high-energy additive is calculated by weight percentage: 46-60 of coating-grade aluminum powder, 31-40 of ferrosilicon powder, 4-6 of liquid paraffin, and 5-8 of turpentine. 2. The high-density and high-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source charge column according to claim 1 is characterized in that the composition of the high-density water-gel explosive is calculated by weight percentage: monomethylamine nitric acid aqueous solution 33～45, ethylenediamine Dinitrate 8~10, ammonium nitrate 32~36, antifreeze agent 1~2, sodium nitrate 5~7, scallop powder 0.8~1, crosslinking agent 0.1~0.3, high energy additive 8.1~10.7; The concentration of the amine aqueous solution is 75% to 86%. 3. The high-density and high-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source charge column according to claim 1 is characterized in that the common detonating cord includes a core drug, the core drug is Taian or RDX, and the core drug charge The volume is 8~12g/m, and the detonation velocity is >6000m/s. 4. The high-density water-gel explosive seismic source charge column according to claim 2, characterized in that the antifreezing agent is pentaerythritol, dimethyl sulfoxide or a mixture of the two. 5. The high-density and high-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source charge column according to claim 2, characterized in that the composition of the high-energy additive is calculated by weight percentage: coating grade aluminum powder 53, ferrosilicon powder 35.5, liquid paraffin 5, Turpentine 6.5. 6. The high-density and high-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source charge column according to claim 5, characterized in that the composition of the high-density water-gel explosive is calculated by weight percentage: a concentration of 82% monomethylamine nitrate aqueous solution 39, Ethylenediamine dinitrate 9, ammonium nitrate 34, antifreeze agent pentaerythritol 1.5, sodium nitrate 6, turmeric powder 0.9, Cross-linking agent potassium dichromate 0.15, high-energy additive 9.45. 7. a method for making the high-density high-detonation velocity water-gel explosive seismic source charge column described in any one of claims 1 to 6, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps: a. Add paint-grade aluminum powder and ferrosilicon powder to the mixture of liquid paraffin and turpentine and stir evenly to obtain high-energy additives; b. Sodium nitrate is mixed and pulverized with the field green powder to obtain a mixture of sodium nitrate and the green field powder; c. Add monomethylamine nitrate solution, ethylenediamine dinitrate, ammonium nitrate, and antifreeze with a concentration of 75% to 86% in sequence under stirring, and control the temperature at 55°C to 75°C, and then add the solution obtained by b respectively. The mixture of sodium nitrate and sage powder, cross-linking agent, the high-energy additive obtained by step a are mixed into high-density water-gel explosives; d. Insert a common detonating cord with a length equal to the length of the shell of the seismic source charge into the shell of the source charge, then inject the high-density water-gel explosive obtained in step c, and seal it to obtain a high-density high-velocity water-gel explosive seismic source column.

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