CN102404855A - Wireless sensor network protocol based on institute of electrical and electronic engineers (IEEE) 802.15.4 - Google Patents
Wireless sensor network protocol based on institute of electrical and electronic engineers (IEEE) 802.15.4 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102404855A CN102404855A CN2011103939304A CN201110393930A CN102404855A CN 102404855 A CN102404855 A CN 102404855A CN 2011103939304 A CN2011103939304 A CN 2011103939304A CN 201110393930 A CN201110393930 A CN 201110393930A CN 102404855 A CN102404855 A CN 102404855A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wireless sensor network protocol based on institute of electrical and electronic engineers (IEEE) 802.15.4. A central coordinator and at least one terminal node form a star network, each terminal node establishes connection with the central coordinator through a single hop to realize dual-way transmission of wireless data, each terminal node and the central coordinator are in line with a communication protocol, a communicated superframe comprises a plurality of time slots with equal set time, a first time slot when the superframe starts is a beacon frame when the central coordinator starts to broadcast to outside, time synchronization among the terminal nodes in a network is realized by monitoring the beacon frame, thereafter the terminal nodes realize dual-way communication with the central coordinator in two pre-distributed adjacent time slots according to a time sequence, the terminal nodes are in dormant and waiting states after communication and wait for being woken by an initial beacon frame of the central coordinator. The wireless sensor network protocol has the advantages of simple structure, dual-way data transmission, high reliability, determined communication time and the like, the packet transmission rate is high, and the power consumption of the nodes is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of communication technology, particularly a kind of wireless sensor network protocols based on IEEE 802.15.4.
Background technology
The main at present Zigbee agreement that adopts based on IEEE 802.15.4 of industrial wireless sensor network, simple in structure, advantages such as networking capability strong, low-power consumption that this agreement has are widely used in each field.But, therefore often can not realize intercommunication and interconnected each other because each chip and protocol stack provider are different for the realization of IEEE 802.15.4 and Zigbee agreement.Even same provider, the difference according to using also is not quite similar on network topology structure, data transmit-receive pattern.
Because these uncertainties of IEEE 802.15.4 and Zigbee agreement make its network performance that very big-difference arranged, and finally cause at aspects such as reliability, packet transfer rate, transmission delay, power consumption, network sizes not fully up to expectations.If network settings are unreasonable, will make low, the poor reliability of packet transfer rate, cause the network can't operate as normal when serious, or part of nodes be lost and is waited unusually.In addition owing to IEEE 802.15.4 and Zigbee are not the special wireless protocols of formulating to industry, so it has received certain restriction aspect commercial Application.
Industrial short range wireless communication protocol like WirelessHART, WIA-PA, ISA-100 etc. has appearred in the world at present; Also all be based on IEEE 802.15.4; But all adopted different techniques at MAC and above each layer, therefore obtained reinforcement at aspects such as reliability, packet transfer rates.But these agreements itself are complicated, realize difficulty, and will cause the increase of node cost.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to the problem that present industrial wireless sensor network exists; Proposed a kind of wireless sensor network protocols, be applicable to that number of nodes fixes, has the industrial short-distance wireless sense device network of low-power consumption, high reliability, high real-time and two-way transmission requirement based on IEEE 802.15.4.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of wireless sensor network protocols based on IEEE 802.15.4; Comprise the star network that central coordinator and at least one terminal node constitute, each terminal node connects through single-hop and central coordinator, realizes the transmitted in both directions of wireless data; The central coordinator while is as the external gateway of WLAN; Through wired or wireless interface and upper layer network or system's realization data interaction, each terminal node and central coordinator comprise the time slot that several setting-up times equate according to communication protocol in the superframe of communication; Wherein first time slot of beginning of superframe is the beacon frame that central coordinator is outwards broadcasted beginning; Terminal node in the network is realized time synchronized through the listen for beacons frame, and after this each terminal node is realized the two-way communication with central coordinator in chronological order in pre-assigned two adjacent time-slots; Communication back terminal node is in the dormancy wait state; The beginning beacon frame of waiting for central coordinator wakes up, and said two adjacent time-slots are at first sent request by terminal node in the time, and central coordinator receives and transmits; Thereafter replied by central coordinator, terminal node receives, and in replying, comprises the request msg of central coordinator to terminal node.
The time slot allocation of said terminal node can adopt static mode, through the mode of programming or wired configuration it is distributed to each terminal node before promptly network is set up; Or the employing dynamical fashion, send promptly at terminal node and the central coordinator back idle time slot of inquiry automatically synchronously, and at this time slot and to join request, provide concrete communication time slot by central coordinator.
Said central coordinator adopts the beacon frame form broadcast beacon frame of stipulating in the IEEE 802.15.4-2006 standard; The Frame literary composition that sends datagram is adopted at the terminal in preset slot time slot, telegon adopts acknowledgement frame to send at thereafter slot time slot and replys, or when having data to transmit, sends Frame as replying, and all frames all adopt 16-bit short address form.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention is based on the wireless sensor network protocols of IEEE 802.15.4, have advantages such as simple in structure, that data double-way transmits, packet transfer rate is high, node power consumption is low, reliability is high, call duration time is definite.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the wireless sensor network protocols network topology structure figure that the present invention is based on IEEE 802.15.4;
Fig. 2 is the wireless sensor network protocols superframe structure figure that the present invention is based on IEEE 802.15.4;
Fig. 3 is the data transmit-receive sketch map that the present invention is based on the wireless sensor network protocols adjacent time-slots of IEEE 802.15.4;
Fig. 4 is an embodiment superframe of the wireless sensor network protocols time slot map that the present invention is based on IEEE 802.15.4.
Embodiment
Be depicted as wireless sensor network protocols network topology structure figure like Fig. 1 based on IEEE 802.15.4; In the PAN radio short local area network (LAN) 10 involved in the present invention; Comprise central coordinator 100 and terminal node 101～10n two kind equipments; Wherein central coordinator 100 is responsible for the foundation of network, and sends the Beacon beacon frame as the clock source.100 of terminal node 101～10n and central coordinator constitute star network, connect through single-hop and central coordinator 100, realize the transmitted in both directions of wireless data.Can't directly connect between terminal node 101～10n.Central coordinator 100 as the external gateway of WLAN 10, realizes data interaction through wired or wireless interface 110 with upper layer network or system 111 simultaneously.Like this, come from the wireless data of terminal 101～10n, after handling via central coordinator 100, be sent to upper system 111 through 110 networks; Otherwise,, after network 110 and central coordinator 100, finally be forwarded to corresponding terminal 101～10n from the data of upper system 111.So both realized the transmitted in both directions of data.
Shown in Figure 2 is superframe structure figure of the present invention.Superframe 20 comprises slot time slot 200～20n that several times equate, wherein first time slot 200 of beginning of superframe is used for central coordinator and outwards broadcasts the Beacon beacon frame.This beacon frame has been represented the beginning of superframe, and the node in the network is realized time synchronized through the listen for beacons frame.The data representation that comprises in the beacon frame in addition the information such as length of superframe.After this each node is realized the two-way communication with central coordinator in chronological order in pre-assigned two adjacent slot time slots.Two adjacent time-slots are at first sent request (central coordinator receives and transmits) by terminal node in the time; By central coordinator reply (terminal node reception), in this is replied, possibly comprise the request msg of central coordinator to terminal node thereafter.At whole superframe in 20 cycle times; Each terminal node only is in transmit status 211 in the slot time slot of predesignating; And in the beacon slot 200 that adjacent time-slots and superframe begin thereafter, be in accepting state 210; Other times all are in resting state 212, therefore can effectively reduce power consumption.Because time synchronized mechanism has been avoided the generation of collision, therefore improve network packet transmission rate and reliability simultaneously, and made the certainty and the real-time of communication be guaranteed.Utilize the acknowledgement mechanism of adjacent time-slots to realize easy bidirectional data communication process in addition.
The slot time slot allocation of node can adopt static mode, through the mode of programming or wired configuration it is distributed to each node before promptly network is set up; Or the employing dynamical fashion, send promptly at node and the telegon back idle time slot of inquiry automatically synchronously, and at this time slot and to join request, provide concrete communication time slot by telegon.
Shown in Figure 3 is adjacent time-slots data transmit-receive sketch map of the present invention.At the slot_n time slot in 30 times; Terminal node n is responsible for message is sent to central coordinator: terminal node n at first carries out StartInit initialization operation 301; Comprise and action such as wake up; Thereafter TxInit enables RF sending function 302, and then is that Tx sends data procedures 303, and TxEnd forbade the RF transmission and finishes 304 until slot time after transmission was accomplished; At the same time, central coordinator begins just to be in Rx accepting state 305 from time slot, and is finishing receiving back RxEnd and waiting for that time slot finishes 306.
After central coordinator transmitted completion, in 31 times, central coordinator provides replied data, and the data that possibly exist simultaneously send to the terminal at next slot_n+1 time slot by the terminal.Its operating procedure is identical with slot_n time slot 30; Only be the role exchange that sends with the recipient: central coordinator is through StartInit 311->TxInit 312->Tx 313->314 stages of TxEnd accomplish the transmission of reply data, Rx 315-is passed through at the terminal>316 stages of RxEnd accomplish the reception of data.
Fig. 4 is a specific embodiment superframe time slot map of the present invention.This embodiment adopts the 2530 SOC chips of TI, utilizes the TIMAC protocol stack to carry out code and realizes.BO of network (Beacon Order) and SO (Superframe Order) parameter all are made as 5, and promptly superframe duration 41 is 491.52ms, and average mark is for 32 slot time slots 42, and each time slot duration 43 is 15.36ms.Consider that beacon frame need take an independently time slot, so can have 15 terminal nodes simultaneously in the network.Adopt the mode of static allocation to distribute slot for each terminal node, numbering is from 1～15, and then the sending time slots time of terminal n is 2*n*15.36ms, and receiving slot is (2*n+1) * 15.36ms.
Among the embodiment, central coordinator adopts beacon frame form (the Beacon Frame Format) broadcast beacon frame of stipulating in the IEEE 802.15.4-2006 standard; Frame (Data Frame Format) is adopted in the terminal in preset slot time slot literary composition sends datagram; Telegon adopts acknowledgement frame (Acknowledgment Frame Format) transmission to reply at slot time slot thereafter, or when having data to transmit, sends Frame (Data Frame Format) as replying.All frames all adopt 16-bit short address form, do not carry out the MAC infill layer, send message and need not to confirm.
Claims (3)
1. the wireless sensor network protocols based on IEEE 802.15.4 comprises the star network that central coordinator and at least one terminal node constitute, and each terminal node connects through single-hop and central coordinator; Realize the transmitted in both directions of wireless data; As the external gateway of WLAN, through wired or wireless interface and upper layer network or system's realization data interaction, each terminal node and central coordinator are according to communication protocol simultaneously for central coordinator; Comprise the time slot that several setting-up times equate in the superframe of communication; Wherein first time slot of beginning of superframe is the beacon frame that central coordinator is outwards broadcasted beginning, and the terminal node in the network is realized time synchronized through the listen for beacons frame, and after this each terminal node in chronological order; In pre-assigned two adjacent time-slots, realize two-way communication with central coordinator; Communication back terminal node is in the dormancy wait state, waits for that the beginning beacon frame of central coordinator wakes up, it is characterized in that; Said two adjacent time-slots are at first sent request by terminal node in the time, and central coordinator receives and transmits; Thereafter replied by central coordinator, terminal node receives, and in replying, comprises the request msg of central coordinator to terminal node.
2. according to the said wireless sensor network protocols of claim 1 based on IEEE 802.15.4; It is characterized in that; The time slot allocation of said terminal node can adopt static mode, through the mode of programming or wired configuration it is distributed to each terminal node before promptly network is set up; Or the employing dynamical fashion, send promptly at terminal node and the central coordinator back idle time slot of inquiry automatically synchronously, and at this time slot and to join request, provide concrete communication time slot by central coordinator.
3. according to the said wireless sensor network protocols of claim 1, it is characterized in that said central coordinator adopts the beacon frame form broadcast beacon frame of stipulating in the IEEE 802.15.4-2006 standard based on IEEE 802.15.4; The Frame literary composition that sends datagram is adopted at the terminal in preset slot time slot, telegon adopts acknowledgement frame to send at thereafter slot time slot and replys, or when having data to transmit, sends Frame as replying, and all frames all adopt 16-bit short address form.
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Cited By (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102740365A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2012-10-17 | 东南大学 | Single-stream bulk data acquisition method suitable for wireless sensor network |
| CN102917471A (en) * | 2012-10-15 | 2013-02-06 | 深圳一电科技有限公司 | Data communication method and device |
| CN103200703A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-07-10 | 国家电网公司 | Secondary wireless network used for wireless sensor network of power transmission and transformation system engineering |
| CN103605172A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-02-26 | 江苏省无线电科学研究所有限公司 | Wireless data transmission method applicable to wind energy gradient meteorological observation |
| WO2014040398A1 (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2014-03-20 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Tdma access method and device based on multiple access points |
| CN103687044A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2014-03-26 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Data transmission method and equipment |
| CN103874172A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-18 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Data transmission method and system in wireless body area network |
| CN104540243A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-04-22 | 无锡物联网产业研究院 | Wireless sensor network and data processing method |
| CN104780588A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2015-07-15 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | Method of controlling adding of sensing node and sink node |
| CN104968029A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-10-07 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Synchronous time division multiple access method suitable for wireless sensing network |
| CN105933952A (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2016-09-07 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A plurality of beacon types used in wireless communication |
| CN106535341A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-03-22 | 北京必创科技股份有限公司 | Big data transmission method of wireless sensor network |
| CN107041004A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2017-08-11 | 大众汽车有限公司 | Device, the method and computer program chosen for frequency band |
| CN107820330A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-20 | 北京宇航系统工程研究所 | It is a kind of that wireless self-adapting measuring method and the system that environmental data obtains are carried based on arrow |
| CN108521316A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-09-11 | 上海酷芯微电子有限公司 | A kind of mixed automatic retransmission request method and device |
| CN108551691A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-18 | 中国轻工业广州工程有限公司 | A kind of communication means |
| CN110768857A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2020-02-07 | 甘肃万维信息技术有限责任公司 | Analysis system based on ZIGBEE protocol |
| CN110768776A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2020-02-07 | 杭州万高科技股份有限公司 | Smart power grid timing synchronization method, system, equipment and computer medium |
| CN111327380A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-23 | 鹤壁天海电子信息系统有限公司 | Bidirectional data transmission method and system and communication equipment |
| CN111556557A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2020-08-18 | 德克萨斯仪器股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for power consumption reduction in time slot channel hopping MAC protocol |
| US11153808B2 (en) | 2017-03-23 | 2021-10-19 | Zte Corporation | Using multiple beacon types in wireless communication |
| CN114845374A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-08-02 | 沈阳中科奥维科技股份有限公司 | High-frequency synchronization method based on WIA-PA wireless network |
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| CN102740365B (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2014-11-12 | 东南大学 | Single-stream bulk data acquisition method suitable for wireless sensor network |
| CN102740365A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2012-10-17 | 东南大学 | Single-stream bulk data acquisition method suitable for wireless sensor network |
| CN103687044B (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2018-09-11 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of data transmission method and equipment |
| CN103687044A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2014-03-26 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Data transmission method and equipment |
| US9780898B2 (en) | 2012-09-17 | 2017-10-03 | Shenyang Institute Of Automation Of The Chinese Academy Of Sciences | TDMA access method and device based on multiple access points |
| WO2014040398A1 (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2014-03-20 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Tdma access method and device based on multiple access points |
| CN102917471A (en) * | 2012-10-15 | 2013-02-06 | 深圳一电科技有限公司 | Data communication method and device |
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| CN103874172A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-18 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Data transmission method and system in wireless body area network |
| CN103874172B (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2018-02-13 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Data transmission method and system in wireless body area network |
| CN103200703A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-07-10 | 国家电网公司 | Secondary wireless network used for wireless sensor network of power transmission and transformation system engineering |
| CN103605172A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-02-26 | 江苏省无线电科学研究所有限公司 | Wireless data transmission method applicable to wind energy gradient meteorological observation |
| CN104780588A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2015-07-15 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | Method of controlling adding of sensing node and sink node |
| CN111556557A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2020-08-18 | 德克萨斯仪器股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for power consumption reduction in time slot channel hopping MAC protocol |
| CN104540243A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-04-22 | 无锡物联网产业研究院 | Wireless sensor network and data processing method |
| CN105933952B (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2020-04-24 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Using multiple beacon types in wireless communications |
| CN105933952A (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2016-09-07 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A plurality of beacon types used in wireless communication |
| CN104968029A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-10-07 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Synchronous time division multiple access method suitable for wireless sensing network |
| CN107041004A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2017-08-11 | 大众汽车有限公司 | Device, the method and computer program chosen for frequency band |
| CN107041004B (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2020-08-21 | 大众汽车有限公司 | Apparatus, method and computer program for frequency band selection |
| CN106535341A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-03-22 | 北京必创科技股份有限公司 | Big data transmission method of wireless sensor network |
| US11153808B2 (en) | 2017-03-23 | 2021-10-19 | Zte Corporation | Using multiple beacon types in wireless communication |
| CN107820330A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-20 | 北京宇航系统工程研究所 | It is a kind of that wireless self-adapting measuring method and the system that environmental data obtains are carried based on arrow |
| CN108521316A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-09-11 | 上海酷芯微电子有限公司 | A kind of mixed automatic retransmission request method and device |
| CN108521316B (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2021-06-22 | 上海酷芯微电子有限公司 | Hybrid automatic repeat request method and device |
| CN108551691A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-18 | 中国轻工业广州工程有限公司 | A kind of communication means |
| CN108551691B (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2022-11-22 | 中国轻工业广州工程有限公司 | Communication method |
| CN110768776A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2020-02-07 | 杭州万高科技股份有限公司 | Smart power grid timing synchronization method, system, equipment and computer medium |
| US11018506B2 (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2021-05-25 | Hangzhou Vango Technologies, Inc. | Smart grid timing synchronization method, system, device and computer readable storage medium |
| CN111327380A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-23 | 鹤壁天海电子信息系统有限公司 | Bidirectional data transmission method and system and communication equipment |
| CN111327380B (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2022-08-16 | 鹤壁天海电子信息系统有限公司 | Bidirectional data transmission method and system and communication equipment |
| CN110768857A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2020-02-07 | 甘肃万维信息技术有限责任公司 | Analysis system based on ZIGBEE protocol |
| CN114845374A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-08-02 | 沈阳中科奥维科技股份有限公司 | High-frequency synchronization method based on WIA-PA wireless network |
| CN114845374B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2024-03-29 | 沈阳中科奥维科技股份有限公司 | High-frequency synchronization method based on WIA-PA wireless network |
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Application publication date: 20120404 |