CN102399534A - An organic-inorganic composite environment-friendly deicing agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an organic-inorganic composite environment-friendly snow-melting agent. The snow-melting agent comprises 30-90 parts of formate, 25-75 parts of nitrate, 0.5-10 parts of sulfate, 0.5-15 parts of acetate, 1-20 parts of urea and 5-25 parts of calcium carbonate. The snow-melting agent has high snow-melting speed and good effect, and compared with the traditional chlorine salt snow-melting agent, the snow-melting agent has low corrosivity on roads and bridges and small harm to plants, and has relatively lower cost compared with the traditional calcium acetate magnesium salt snow-melting agent. The preparation method of the snow-melting agent is simple and easy to implement, is suitable for large-scale mechanized operation and has great popularization and application prospects.

Description

An organic-inorganic composite environment-friendly deicing agent and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to an organic-inorganic composite environment-friendly deicing agent, in particular to an environmentally friendly deicing agent which is reasonably compounded with formate, nitrate, urea and other components.

Background technique

Snowfall in cold areas brings great inconvenience to people's life and travel, and easily induces traffic accidents, especially on expressways, and expressways may be forced to close due to snow accumulation or icing. cause huge economic losses. Therefore, how to quickly remove snow and prevent freezing to ensure the smooth flow of highways undoubtedly has important economic and social significance.

The current snow removal methods mainly include artificial snow removal, mechanical snow removal and deicing agent snow removal. However, the efficiency of manual snow removal and mechanical snow removal is low, and it is difficult to remove it. The remaining snow will freeze again at low temperature. Sprinkling an appropriate amount of deicing agent can quickly clear the snow on the road and melt the ice and snow thoroughly and cleanly. It has become an indispensable part and plays an important role in the winter snow removal and antifreeze work.

The commonly used deicing agent is chlorine salt, especially sodium chloride, which has good performance in lowering the freezing point, sufficient supply, and low price. However, chlorine salt is corrosive to concrete and metal, and harmful to plants and soil. While melting ice and snow, It will cause damage to roadbed, road surface, greening, vehicles, etc. For this reason, people add "corrosion inhibitor" to the chlorine salt deicing agent, although the corrosion is inhibited to a certain extent, but there is still a relatively high concentration of chloride ions. Corrosion inhibitors are mostly nitrite, which can only be used for reinforced concrete bridges, and once infiltrated into the soil, they will pollute groundwater. The traditional environment-friendly deicing agent uses calcium magnesium acetate as the main component. Although it has the characteristics of non-pollution and environmental protection, the effect of deicing and snow is greatly affected by the ambient temperature, the efficiency of melting snow is low, and its price is expensive. Generally, it is only used in airports, large-scale It is used in important places such as squares. Therefore, it is of great significance and application promotion value to develop new deicing agents that are environmentally friendly, efficient and affordable.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides an organic-inorganic composite environment-friendly deicing agent. The deicing agent of the present invention is formed by reasonable compounding of formate, nitrate, urea and other components. The main component of the deicing agent of the invention has the advantages of low cost, biodegradability, low corrosion to concrete and metal in road infrastructure, basically no pollution to soil and water sources, and the like.

The environment-friendly deicing agent of the present invention, its basic composition and mass parts are:

Formate is sodium formate, potassium formate or a mixture thereof. The nitrate is one of sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, potassium nitrate or a mixture thereof. Sulphate is one of sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate or their mixture. Acetate is sodium acetate, potassium acetate, calcium acetate, magnesium acetate or a mixture thereof.

In addition to the above components, the deicing agent of the present invention may also contain other various auxiliary additives commonly used in the deicing agent field.

The present invention also provides a preparation method for the above-mentioned deicing agent: preliminarily mix formate, nitrate, sulfate, acetate, and urea according to the stated ratio, then pulverize the initial mixture through a pulverizer and sieve, and then After being fully mixed with calcium carbonate particles, it is immediately sealed in a plastic film bag, and the woven bag is sealed to obtain the deicing agent of the present invention.

The snow-melting agent of the invention can solve the problems caused by the traditional snow-melting agent used for road snow removal. The snow-melting agent of the invention does not contain chlorine salts and is beneficial to environmental protection; compared with the calcium-magnesium acetate salt, the snow-melting speed is fast, the snow-melting effect is good, and the price is relatively cheap; the preparation process is simple, and it is suitable for large-scale mechanized operation.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below through examples, but not as a limitation to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

Preliminarily mix 90 parts by mass of sodium formate, 20 parts by mass of calcium nitrate, 5 parts by mass of potassium nitrate, 0.5 parts by mass of potassium sulfate, 0.5 parts by mass of magnesium acetate, and 4 parts by mass of urea. Mesh sieve, then fully mixed with 25 parts by mass of calcium carbonate particles, immediately sealed in a plastic film bag, and sealed with a woven bag to obtain the deicing agent of the present invention.

Example 2:

20 parts by mass of sodium formate, 10 parts by mass of potassium formate, 40 parts by mass of magnesium nitrate, 35 parts by mass of sodium nitrate, 10 parts by mass of potassium sulfate, 5 parts by mass of calcium acetate, and 5 parts by mass of urea were preliminarily mixed uniformly, and then the initial mixture was passed through Pulverize with a pulverizer and pass through a 40-mesh sieve, then fully mix with 20 parts by mass of calcium carbonate particles, immediately seal it in a plastic film bag, and seal it with a woven bag to obtain the deicing agent of the present invention.

Example 3:

Preliminarily mix 55 parts by mass of sodium formate, 25 parts by mass of potassium formate, 40 parts by mass of calcium nitrate, 3 parts by mass of sodium sulfate, 15 parts by mass of sodium acetate, and 17 parts by mass of urea. Mesh sieve, fully mixed with 5 parts by mass of calcium carbonate particles, immediately sealed in a plastic film bag, and sealed with a woven bag to obtain the deicing agent of the present invention.

Example 4:

Preliminarily mix 65 parts by mass of sodium formate, 25 parts by mass of magnesium nitrate, 30 parts by mass of calcium nitrate, 2 parts by mass of sodium sulfate, 8 parts by mass of potassium acetate, and 10 parts by mass of urea. Mesh sieve, fully mixed with 5 parts by mass of calcium carbonate particles, immediately sealed in a plastic film bag, and sealed with a woven bag to obtain the deicing agent of the present invention.

Example 5:

Preliminarily mix 45 parts by mass of sodium formate, 30 parts by mass of calcium nitrate, 30 parts by mass of sodium nitrate, 5 parts by mass of potassium sulfate, 5 parts by mass of magnesium acetate, and 7 parts by mass of urea. Mesh sieve, then fully mixed with 13 parts by mass of calcium carbonate particles, immediately sealed in a plastic film bag, and sealed with a woven bag to obtain the deicing agent of the present invention.

Experiment 1 The deicing agent ice-melting ability experiment of the present invention:

The content of the experiment is to add the same volume of water into the ice tray of the same specification, put it into the freezer to freeze into ice for later use, and control the temperature in the freezer to -10°C, -15°C, -20°C, -25°C, -30°C, At the same temperature at -35°C, evenly sprinkle the same amount of sodium chloride and the deicing agent made according to Example 1-5 on the ice cubes of the same specification and put them in the freezer. The water output is detected at 60 minutes, and the water output is higher. The larger the snow melting speed is, the results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 The deicing ability of deicing agent of the present invention at different temperatures

Experiment 2 Deicing agent of the present invention corrodes metallic carbon steel:

Carry out metal carbon steel corrosion experiment to above-mentioned deicing agent, steps are as follows:

(1) Clean and degrease the A3 steel standard test piece according to the method stipulated in the national standard, put it in the drying box after rapid drying, and carry out numbering, measurement and weighing;

(2) in six 2000ml beakers, add 1000ml distilled water respectively, respectively add 100g deicing agent and 100g sodium chloride made by embodiment 1-5;

(3) Immerse the carbon steel test piece into the corresponding beaker respectively by means of suspension, so that the metal is placed in the lower position of the center of the solution;

(4) Soak the carbon steel test piece in the solution continuously for 72 hours, take it out, clean it according to the method stipulated in the national standard, put it into a drying box after quick drying, and weigh it one by one.

The experimental results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Deicing agent of the present invention corrodes carbon steel

Experiment 3 Deicing agent of the present invention corrodes concrete pavement

Soak the concrete test block with the deicing agent solution prepared according to Examples 1-5 respectively, the solution concentration is 20%, and the soaking time is 240h. There is no obvious corrosion on the surface of the test block after soaking.

Use the same method to soak the concrete test block with a concentration of 20% sodium chloride solution for 240 hours. After soaking, the surface of the concrete shows serious loosening and is highly corrosive.

Experiment 4 The damage experiment of the deicing agent of the present invention to plants

The deicing agent of the present invention and sodium chloride have been carried out toxicity experiment to lawn respectively, and experiment time is selected as early spring, and now small grass is not only delicate but also more sensitive to toxic substances. Experiment content: Dissolve 20g of sodium chloride and the deicing agent made according to Examples 1-5 in 1L of water, and spray evenly on a lawn of 300mm×300mm (0.09m ² ), the amount of spraying is about 200g/m ² , After four days, the small grass tip in the lawn sprayed with sodium chloride solution obviously turned yellow, and the small grass in the lawn sprayed with this deicing agent solution had no visual change before spraying. Forty-five days later, the lawn sprayed with sodium chloride solution had a lower survival rate and began to die, while the lawn sprayed with this deicing agent solution grew well.

Claims (6)

1. the friendly type Snow Agent in an organic-inorganic complex loop border is characterized in that, forms and mass fraction is:

2. a kind of Snow Agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said formate is a kind of of sodium formiate, potassium formiate or their mixture.

3. a kind of Snow Agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said nitrate salt is a kind of of SODIUMNITRATE, nitrocalcite, magnesium nitrate, saltpetre or their mixture.

4. a kind of Snow Agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said vitriol is a kind of of sodium sulfate, vitriolate of tartar or their mixture.

5. a kind of Snow Agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said acetate is a kind of of sodium-acetate, Potassium ethanoate, calcium acetate, magnesium acetate or their mixture.

6. according to the preparation method of the said Snow Agent of claim 1; It is characterized in that: formate, nitrate salt, vitriol, acetate, urea are tentatively mixed in said ratio obtain just mixing thing; Then; To just mix thing and pulverize and sieve, mix with calcium carbonate granule again, promptly make Snow Agent of the present invention through kibbler.