CN102393049B - Ground-source heat-pipe/heat-pump air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a ground source heat pipe heat pump air conditioner, which is composed of five parts: an underground heat exchanger, an aboveground heat exchanger, a gas circuit, a liquid circuit and a control system. The underground heat exchanger is buried in the underground constant temperature layer. When the air conditioner is working, the underground heat exchanger exchanges heat with the underground constant temperature layer to realize the cooling or heating function. This ground source heat pipe heat pump air conditioner has four working modes: heat pump cooling, heat pipe cooling, heat pump heating, and heat pipe heating, and is an ideal energy-saving air conditioning system.

Description

A ground source heat pipe heat pump air conditioner

technical field

The invention provides a ground source heat pipe heat pump air conditioner, which belongs to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular to the field of heating and cooling combined air conditioning system F25B.

Background technique

Air source heat pump air conditioning is currently the most widely used and most mature air conditioning system. Its advantages are low price, easy installation and convenient use. Its disadvantage is that the heating efficiency is low in winter in cold regions and cannot replace the heating system.

Ground source heat pump air conditioning is a newly developed energy-saving air conditioning system. Its advantage is high efficiency and energy saving, which is not only suitable for cooling and cooling in summer, but also suitable for heating and heating in winter. Its disadvantages are that the system is complicated, the cost is high, and the installation is difficult. It is only suitable for the installation of the whole community, not for a single family.

The underground part of the ground source heat pump air conditioner is equivalent to the external unit part of the traditional heat pump air conditioner. The temperature of the soil (groundwater) at a certain depth underground changes little with the atmospheric temperature, and basically remains at 13°C~15°C, so there is no need to consider the traditional air conditioner. The temperature difference must be considered in the outdoor unit, and the ground source energy can be fully utilized. Ground source heat pump uses ground source energy (soil, groundwater, surface water, and low-temperature geothermal water) as the energy source of the heat pump air-conditioning system to realize energy-saving energy that can be heated in winter and cooled in summer. It is an effective way to replace traditional heat pump air conditioners.

The ground source heat pump system is mainly composed of three parts: outdoor heat pump system, heat pump unit and indoor temperature control terminal device. The ground source heat pump system can be divided into soil buried pipe type, ground water type and surface water type according to the different outdoor ground source heat pump systems.

The soil buried tube heat pump system has a soil-coupled ground heat exchanger, which is installed horizontally in the trench, or vertically installed in a U-shaped pipe in a shaft, and the depth reaches below the constant temperature layer on the surface. The intermediate medium (water or water with antifreeze) is used as the heat carrier and circulates in the heat exchanger to achieve heating in winter and cooling in summer. The disadvantage of this system is that a large circulating pump is required to send the heat medium into the underground heat exchanger, which consumes a lot of power; and this system is only suitable for large buildings (like entire residential buildings, large buildings, etc.) The indoor temperature control is very wasteful of energy for a single small and medium-sized user.

The groundwater system is to pump out the groundwater through the construction of pumping wells, send it to the water source heat pump unit through secondary heat exchange or directly, and send it back to the ground after extracting or releasing heat. The disadvantage is that groundwater needs to be extracted, which is easy to form floor drains, which not only destroys the groundwater system, but also may cause ground subsidence, which poses a certain threat to the foundation of buildings, and this system cannot be used in places where water is scarce.

The surface water heat pump system consists of groundwater heat exchangers composed of multiple parallel plastic pipes below the potential water surface, replacing the soil heat exchangers, which are connected to the temperature control system in the building, because natural water is used as the temperature control energy , Antifreeze treatment is required in the northern regions. The disadvantage is that it is restricted by region and can only be used in places very close to water sources.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the defrost defrosting of ordinary household heat pump air conditioners and the shortcomings of various existing ground source heat air conditioners, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a combined ground source air conditioner of the existing heat pump air conditioners and ground source heat air conditioners .

The air conditioning system uses heat pipes to extract energy from the underground constant temperature layer, does not need the outdoor unit of the traditional heat pump air conditioner, but uses ground source air conditioning technology, and uses underground heat pipes to replace the outdoor unit of the heat pump air conditioner. The energy consumption is saved, and the problem of a large amount of energy consumption that must be defrosted during heating in winter is solved.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

A ground source heat pipe heat pump air conditioner is characterized in that it consists of five parts: an underground heat exchanger, an aboveground heat exchanger, a gas circuit, a liquid circuit, and a control system; , underground liquid guide pipe, auxiliary liquid guide assembly and underground air guide pipe, the underground heat conduction pipe is equipped with an underground air guide pipe, the underground air guide pipe is equipped with an underground liquid guide pipe, the underground heat conduction pipe is located below the ground, and one end of the underground air guide pipe is closed and the other end is open The closed end of the underground air pipe extends into the bottom of the underground heat pipe, the open end of the underground air pipe extends out of the ground, both ends of the underground liquid pipe are open, and one end extends into the bottom of the underground air pipe while the other end extends out of the ground. The heat pipe is buried in the underground constant temperature layer, which can exchange heat with the underground constant temperature layer; the ground heat exchanger is composed of heat pipe, aluminum foil fin group and heat exchange fan, and the heat pipe includes multiple parallel heat pipe branches, heat pipe The upper part is connected to the air guide pipe, and the lower end of the heat pipe is connected to the liquid guide pipe; the gas circuit is composed of upper and lower main air pipes, a gas path three-way valve, a compressor branch and a compressor bypass branch, and the compressor branch includes a compressor, a sensor Temperature bulb, gas-liquid separator, oil filter device and reversing four-way valve, the upper and lower main air pipes are respectively connected to the air pipes of the ground heat exchanger and the air pipes of the underground heat exchanger; the liquid circuit is composed of the upper and lower main liquid pipes, liquid pumps, The liquid pump three-way valve, the liquid pump bypass branch, the throttling assembly, the throttling three-way valve, the throttling bypass branch and the liquid storage tank. The throttling assembly includes two expansion valves, two dry filters and Two one-way valves, the upper and lower main liquid pipes are respectively connected to the liquid guide pipe of the above-ground heat exchanger and the liquid guide pipe of the underground heat exchanger; the underground heat exchanger, the gas circuit, the above-ground heat exchanger and the liquid circuit together form a closed refrigeration cycle The circuit is filled with refrigerant; the control system is composed of sensors, control chips, manual and remote input devices, display devices, and electronic switches. The sensors include multiple temperature sensors, multiple pressure sensors, and multiple liquid level sensors. , liquid pump, heat exchange fan and each solenoid valve have corresponding electronic switches, and the control chip controls the electronic switches according to human input instructions and sensor parameters, thereby controlling the working mode of the air conditioner.

The heat pipe and air pipe of the above-mentioned underground heat exchanger are relatively thick, and the liquid pipe is arranged inside the heat pipe and air pipe, and the 0m~7m below the ground is called the temperature-changing layer (the depth varies with the region). The soil temperature at this layer changes with the change of atmospheric temperature, and the soil layer below 7m has little influence with the change of atmospheric temperature, and is basically at 13°C~15°C throughout the year, which is called the constant temperature layer. The depth of the underground heat conduction pipes of the temperature control system should reach the underground constant temperature layer, and the heat conduction medium should be embedded after the heat conduction fins are set on the periphery of the heat conduction pipes whose depth reaches the underground constant temperature layer, and the heat conduction medium should be buried around the periphery of the underground heat conduction pipes in the surface temperature change layer. Medium, liquid condensing agent is placed inside the underground heat pipe, which can not only ensure the heat absorption (heat release) ability of the liquid condensing agent at the bottom of the thick pipe, but also reduce the energy caused by the cooling (heat absorption) of the condensing agent in the process of rising or falling loss.

The above-mentioned underground heat exchanger can be directly buried in the underground constant temperature layer, and an auxiliary heat transfer pipe can also be added; the auxiliary heat transfer pipe is a metal or plastic pipe buried in the ground with a sealed lower end and a diameter larger than that of the underground heat exchanger. Filled with water or heat transfer liquid, the underground heat exchanger is placed in the auxiliary heat transfer tube.

The liquid pump mentioned above can be installed at the lower end of the underground heat exchanger, or it can be installed on the ground; when the liquid pump is installed at the lower end of the underground heat exchanger, the liquid refrigerant can be pressed out of the ground without adding an auxiliary device. ; When the liquid pump is set on the ground, the internal pressure of the underground fluid conduit is less than the internal pressure of the underground heat pipe, and it is necessary to increase the refrigerant supercooling device to avoid the evaporation and boiling of the liquid refrigerant in the underground fluid conduit, while the underground fluid conduit An insulation layer should be provided outside; the subcooling device is composed of capillary tube, subcooling pipe, subcooling coil and subcooling compressor. The subcooling coil is placed at the bottom of the underground heat pipe of the underground heat exchanger, and the subcooling compressor is installed on the ground. , one end of the subcooling coil is installed with a throttling capillary tube, and the other end is connected to the subcooling compressor through a subcooling pipe. state.

The above-mentioned underground heat exchanger can be an independent one, or multiple underground heat exchangers can be connected in parallel to form a large underground heat exchanger.

The above-mentioned above-ground heat exchanger can be an independent one, or multiple above-ground heat exchangers can be connected in parallel to form a central air-conditioning system.

The above-mentioned ground source heat pipe heat pump air conditioner has four working modes: heat pump cooling, heat pipe cooling, heat pump heating, and heat pipe heating.

Compared with the common ground source heat pump air conditioner, the air conditioning system of the present invention does not need a large circulation pump to drive a large amount of heat exchange medium to circulate back and forth, thus saving power consumption compared with the existing ground source heat pump air conditioner; and the working medium used in the heat pipe It is not corrosive to the underground heat pipe, so the underground heat pipe can be used for a long time; at the same time, it overcomes the shortcomings of the conventional ground source heat pump system, such as long underground heat exchange tubes and large flow resistance of the refrigerant; in addition, the entire underground system is a closed space, so don't worry The leakage of condensing agent and the harm to underground soil and groundwater are healthy and environmentally friendly; because the gas-liquid phase transformation heat occurs in the heat pipe, its heat flux density is much higher than that of single-phase heat exchange in conventional underground heat exchange pipes , This also determines that there is no need for a large underground system, and the cross-sectional area and depth of the underground heat pipe can be controlled according to demand, so that it can meet the needs of different large, medium and small users, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency again and indirectly saving energy.

When the indoor temperature needs to be increased, the air conditioning system can provide two heating methods:

The first is heat pipe energy-saving heating work. After starting this working mode, use the central control system to control the three-way valve of the air circuit, the three-way valve of the liquid pump and the three-way valve of the throttling valve so that the compressor branch, the liquid pump and the throttling component are in the disconnected state, while the compressor is bypassed. The branch circuit, the liquid pump bypass branch and the throttling bypass branch are conducted. The liquid condensing agent in the underground heat exchanger absorbs heat in the ground and becomes a gaseous state, which rises to the gas circuit from the nature of the gas itself, enters the air duct of the ground heat exchanger through the three-way valve of the gas circuit and the bypass branch of the compressor, and then disperses Into each heat pipe branch pipe, with the assistance of the heat exchange fan, the gaseous condensing agent dissipates heat through multiple parallel vertical heat pipe branch pipes to increase the indoor temperature. It falls into the catheter of the ground heat exchanger, flows out through the catheter, enters the liquid circuit, and passes through the liquid storage tank, the throttling bypass branch, the throttling three-way valve, the liquid pump bypass branch and the liquid circuit respectively. The three-way valve of the pump enters the underground heat exchanger, and the liquid condensate falls into the bottom of the underground heat pipe through the liquid guide pipe of the underground heat exchanger, so that the heat cycle of the energy-saving heat pipe is completed.

The second heat pump heating mode. When the indoor temperature needs to be increased, this working mode can be turned on, and the central control system is used to control the three-way valve of the gas circuit, the three-way valve of the liquid pump and the three-way valve of the throttling valve to make the compressor branch and the liquid pump bypass branch and the throttle valve assembly are in the open state, and the compressor bypass branch, liquid pump, and throttle bypass branch are in the open circuit state. Use the control system to change the air outlet direction of the four-way valve attached to the compressor, the compressor increases the pressure and temperature of the gaseous condensate, and the heated and pressurized gaseous condensate enters the ground heat exchanger, assisted by the aluminum foil fin group and the heat exchange fan Next, through multiple parallel vertical heat pipe branch pipes to dissipate heat to increase the indoor temperature, the gaseous condensate after heat dissipation becomes liquid, and the liquid condensate falls into the liquid guide pipe of the ground heat exchanger by its own gravity, and then passes through the liquid conduction pipe. The pipe flows into the liquid circuit, passes through the liquid storage tank, one-way valve and filter drier, and then throttles at the expansion valve, then flows through the throttling three-way valve, the liquid pump bypass branch and the liquid pump three-way valve, and then enters the underground The heat exchanger flows back to the underground heat transfer pipe from the liquid guide pipe of the underground heat exchanger, and the liquid condensate absorbs heat in the underground heat transfer pipe and becomes gaseous to enter the next cycle.

In this working state of heating the environment, the liquid level of the condensate in the above-ground heat exchanger is automatically controlled by the liquid level controller in the liquid storage tank and the central control system, so that the liquid level is always at the level of the above-ground heat exchanger. In the liquid guide tube, that is, the working state is full of air, and the liquid level of the liquid condensing agent in the underground heat transfer pipe is controlled above the constant temperature layer, which can not only increase the contact area between the liquid condensing agent and the underground constant temperature layer, but also increase the heat absorption rate of the condensing agent , but also increase the heat dissipation area of the gaseous condensate in the above-ground heat exchanger.

When the indoor temperature needs to be lowered, the air conditioner can provide two cooling methods:

The first is energy-saving heat pipe refrigeration work. After starting this working mode, use the central control system to control the three-way valve of the air circuit, the three-way valve of the liquid pump and the three-way valve of the throttling valve so that the compressor branch, the bypass branch of the liquid pump and the throttling component are in the open circuit state, and the compression The machine bypass branch, liquid pump and throttling bypass branch are in the open state. The power provided by the liquid pump in the liquid circuit drives the liquid condensate in the underground heat exchanger to flow to the ground through the underground conduit, and passes through the three-way valve of the liquid pump, the liquid pump, the throttling three-way valve, and the throttling bypass branch. After entering the liquid guide pipe of the above-ground heat exchanger with the liquid storage tank, it is then dispersed into the branch pipes of each heat transfer pipe. The liquid condensate absorbs the indoor heat in each branch pipe of the heat transfer pipe and becomes a gaseous state, and becomes a gaseous condensate after absorbing heat. Driven by the power provided by the continuous movement of the liquid condensate and the pressure of the continuous expansion of the gas itself, it moves underground and enters the underground heat transfer pipe through the bypass branch of the compressor and the gas circuit three-way valve. The gaseous condensate dissipates heat and cools through the underground heat transfer pipe Change back to the liquid condensing agent and fall into the bottom of the underground heat pipe to enter the next cycle.

The second is the heat pump cooling mode. When the indoor power consumption is too high, this working mode can be turned on, and the central control system is used to control the three-way valve of the air circuit, the three-way valve of the liquid pump and the three-way valve of the throttling valve to bypass the compressor branch and the liquid pump. The branch circuit and the throttling assembly are in the open state, and the compressor bypass branch, the liquid pump and the throttle bypass branch are in the disconnected state. Use the control system to change the gas outlet direction of the four-way valve attached to the compressor. The compressor in the gas circuit drives the gaseous condensate to move to the underground heat transfer pipe. The high-temperature gaseous condensate is cooled in the underground constant temperature layer and becomes a liquid condensate. Rising under the pressure provided by the compressor, after passing through the three-way valve of the liquid pump, the bypass branch of the liquid pump, the throttling three-way valve, the one-way valve and the dry filter, according to the temperature information transmitted by the temperature sensor, the liquid condensate After appropriate throttling in the expansion valve, it enters the above-ground heat exchanger. When the liquid condensate is vaporized in the heat-conducting pipe branch of the ground heat exchanger, it absorbs indoor heat, thereby regulating the indoor temperature.

In this working state for ambient cooling, the liquid level of the condensate in the above-ground heat exchanger is automatically controlled through the liquid level controller in the liquid storage tank and the central control system, so that the liquid level is always in the air duct of the above-ground heat exchanger , that is, in the full liquid working state, most of the condensing agent is in each branch of the heat transfer tube, while the remaining liquid condensing agent in the underground is very small, which can not only increase the heat absorption area of the liquid condensing agent in the indoor heat exchanger, but also increase The contact area between the underground gaseous condensing agent and the underground constant temperature layer increases the heat dissipation efficiency.

In the working process of heat pipe refrigeration, if the working environment is too high and the liquid condensate is vaporized before throttling, two methods can be used to solve it. The first is to replace the liquid pump with an underground waterproof liquid pump and install it underground. There is also a connecting valve connected in parallel with the underground waterproof liquid pump. That is, when the waterproof liquid pump is working, the connecting valve is closed, and when the waterproof liquid pump is stopped, the connecting valve is opened. , this method solves the pressure drop in the catheter when the liquid pump transports the liquid condensate on the ground; another solution is to install a supercooling device in the underground heat exchanger, which is composed of a capillary tube, It consists of subcooling pipe, subcooling coil and subcooling compressor. The subcooling coil is placed at the bottom of the heat transfer tube of the underground heat exchanger, and the subcooling compressor is installed on the ground. One end of the subcooling coil is installed with a throttling device capillary, and the other is One end is connected to the compressor through a supercooled pipeline, and the outlet of the compressor is connected to the gas circuit, thus forming a micro condenser, while the compressor and the liquid pump in the liquid circuit are controlled by the central control system to start and stop at the same time to prevent liquid Condensant vaporizes before throttling.

The temperature detection part of the central control system can detect the change of the indoor temperature, so as to automatically select the required working state from the four working systems to complete the automatic control, and can also adjust the working state through manual control to meet the needs of users. .

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is an implementation diagram of the overall structure of the ground source heat pipe heat pump air conditioner of the present invention.

Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the structure of the air-conditioning underground heat exchanger.

Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the structure of the ground heat exchanger of the air conditioner.

Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the air-conditioning gas circuit.

Figure 5 is an enlarged view of the air conditioner liquid circuit.

Figure 6 is an enlarged view of the throttling assembly in the air-conditioning liquid circuit.

Figure 7 is a heat pipe energy-saving heating cycle diagram.

Figure 8 is a working cycle diagram of heat pump heating.

Figure 9 is a working cycle diagram of heat pipe energy-saving refrigeration.

Figure 10 is a heat pump refrigeration work cycle diagram.

Figure 11 is a structural implementation diagram when the liquid pump is installed underground.

Figure 12 is an implementation diagram of the structure of the subcooling device installed in the underground heat exchanger.

Figure 13 is an implementation diagram of the installation shell of the underground heat exchanger.

Icon Notes:

(100), underground heat exchanger; (200), ground heat exchanger; (300), gas loop; (400), liquid loop; (1), surface temperature-changing layer; (2), underground constant temperature layer; (101 ), underground heat pipe; (102), heat insulation medium; (103), heat conduction medium; (104), heat conduction fins; (105), heat insulation layer of catheter tube; (106), underground fluid catheter; (107) , underground air duct; (108), auxiliary heat transfer pipe; (109), water (heat transfer liquid); (110), underground waterproof liquid pump; (111), Unicom valve; (201), heat transfer pipe; (202) , air guide tube; (203), liquid guide tube; (204), aluminum foil fin group; (205), heat exchange fan; (206), liquid level position; (301), gas path three-way valve; (302) , compressor bypass branch; (303), compressor branch; (304), lower leading air pipe; (305), upper leading air pipe; (331), compressor; (332), four-way valve; (333 ), temperature sensing package; (334), gas-liquid separator; (401), liquid pump three-way valve; (402), liquid pump; (403), liquid pump bypass branch; (404), throttling three Through valve; (405), throttling assembly; (406), throttling bypass branch; (407), liquid storage tank; (408), upper main liquid pipe; (409), lower main liquid pipe; (451 ), one-way valve; (452), dry filter; (453), expansion valve; (454), expansion valve; (455), dry filter; (456), one-way valve; (501), capillary; (502), supercooling pipe; (503), supercooling coil; (504), supercooling compressor.

Method of implementation

When the indoor temperature needs to be increased, the air conditioning system can provide two heating methods:

The first is heat pipe energy-saving heating work, as shown in Figure 7. After starting this working mode, use the central control system to control the three-way valve (301) of the air circuit, the three-way valve (401) and the three-way throttle valve (404) of the liquid pump so that the compressor branch (303), the liquid pump ( 402) and the throttling assembly (405) are in a disconnected state, while the compressor bypass branch (302), the liquid pump bypass branch (403) and the throttle bypass branch (406) are conducting. The liquid condensing agent in the underground heat exchanger (100) absorbs heat underground and becomes a gaseous state, which rises from the nature of the gas itself to the gas circuit (300), and passes through the gas path three-way valve (301) and the compressor bypass branch (302) Enter the air duct (202) of the above-ground heat exchanger (200), and then disperse into each heat pipe branch (201). The indoor temperature is raised by dissipating heat through a plurality of parallel vertical heat pipe branches (201), and the gaseous condensate after heat dissipation becomes liquid, and the liquid condensate falls into the liquid guide pipe (203) of the ground heat exchanger (200) by its own gravity. ), then flow out through the catheter (203), enter the liquid circuit (400), and pass through the liquid storage tank (407), throttling bypass branch (406), throttling three-way valve (404), liquid pump The bypass branch (403) and the liquid pump three-way valve (401) enter the underground heat exchanger (100), and the liquid condensate falls into the underground heat pipe ( 101) Bottom, so that the thermal cycle of the energy-saving heat pipe is completed.

The second working mode of heat pump heating is shown in Figure 8. When the indoor temperature needs to be increased, this working mode can be turned on, and the central control system is used to control the three-way valve (301) of the air circuit, the three-way valve (401) of the liquid pump and the three-way valve (404) of the throttle to make the compressor The branch (303), the liquid pump bypass (403) and the throttle valve assembly (405) are in the open state, the compressor bypass (302), the liquid pump (402), the throttle bypass ( 406) is in the open circuit state. Use the control system to change the outlet direction of the four-way valve (332) attached to the compressor (331), the compressor (331) increases the pressure and temperature of the gaseous condensate, and the heated and pressurized gaseous condensate enters the ground heat exchanger (200) , with the assistance of the aluminum foil fin set (204) and the heat exchange fan (205), the indoor temperature is raised by dissipating heat through a plurality of parallel vertical heat pipe branches (201). The agent falls into the liquid conduit (203) of the ground heat exchanger (200) by its own gravity, and then flows into the liquid circuit (400) through the liquid conduit (203), and passes through the liquid storage tank (407), check valve (451) and the filter drier (452) throttle at the expansion valve (453), then flow through the throttling three-way valve (404), the liquid pump bypass branch (403) and the liquid pump three-way valve (401 ) into the underground heat exchanger (100), and flows back from the liquid guide pipe (106) of the underground heat exchanger (100) to the underground heat transfer pipe (101), and the liquid condensate absorbs heat in the underground heat transfer pipe (101) It becomes gaseous and enters the next cycle.

In this working state of heating the environment, the condensate liquid level (206) in the ground heat exchanger is automatically controlled by the liquid level controller in the liquid storage tank (407) and the central control system, so that the liquid level is always It is in the liquid guide pipe (203) of the above-ground heat exchanger (200), that is, it is in a full-air working state, while the liquid condensate level in the underground heat-conducting pipe (101) is controlled above the constant temperature layer (2), which can not only increase The contact area between the liquid condensing agent and the underground constant temperature layer (2) is increased, the heat absorption rate of the condensing agent is increased, and the heat dissipation area of the gaseous condensing agent in the ground heat exchanger (200) is also increased.

When the indoor temperature needs to be lowered, the air conditioner can provide two cooling methods:

The first is energy-saving heat pipe refrigeration work, as shown in Figure 9. After starting this working mode, use the central control system to control the three-way valve (301) of the air circuit, the three-way valve (401) of the liquid pump and the three-way valve (404) of the throttle so that the compressor branch (303), the side of the liquid pump The bypass branch (403) and the throttling assembly (405) are in a disconnected state, and the compressor bypass branch (302), the liquid pump (402) and the throttling bypass branch (406) are in a connected state. The power provided by the liquid pump (402) in the liquid circuit (400) drives the liquid condensate in the underground heat exchanger (100) to flow to the ground through the underground conduit (106), and passes through the liquid pump three-way valve (401), The liquid pump (402), throttling three-way valve (404), throttling bypass branch (406) and liquid storage tank (407) enter the liquid conduit (203) of the above-ground heat exchanger (200), and then disperse In each heat transfer pipe branch (201), the liquid condensate absorbs indoor heat in each heat transfer pipe branch (201) and becomes gaseous, and the condensate that becomes gaseous after absorbing heat is provided by the power and gas provided by the continuous movement of the liquid condensate Driven by the pressure of self-expansion, it moves underground, passes through the compressor bypass branch (302) and the gas path three-way valve (301) and enters the underground heat transfer pipe (101), and the gaseous condensate passes through the underground heat transfer pipe (101) to dissipate heat and cool down Change back to the liquid condensing agent and fall into the bottom of the underground heat pipe (101) to enter the next cycle.

The second is the heat pump cooling mode, as shown in Figure 10. When the indoor power consumption is too high, this working mode can be turned on, and the central control system is used to control the three-way valve (301) of the air circuit, the three-way valve of the liquid pump (401) and the three-way valve of the throttling valve (404). The compressor bypass (303), the liquid pump bypass (403) and the throttling assembly (405) are in the open state, the compressor bypass (302), the liquid pump (402) and the throttling bypass (406) is open circuit. Use the control system to change the gas outlet direction of the four-way valve (332) attached to the compressor (331). The compressor (331) in the gas circuit (300) drives the gaseous condensate to move to the underground heat pipe (201). The underground constant temperature layer (2) is cooled to become a liquid condensate, and the liquid condensate rises under the pressure provided by the compressor (331), and passes through the liquid pump three-way valve (401), the liquid pump bypass branch (403), After throttling the three-way valve (404), one-way valve (456) and filter drier (455), the liquid condensate is appropriately throttled in the expansion valve (454) according to the temperature information transmitted by the temperature sensor (333) After entering the above-ground heat exchanger (200), the liquid condensing agent absorbs indoor heat when vaporized in the heat-conducting pipe branch (201) of the above-ground heat exchanger (200), thereby regulating the indoor temperature.

In this working state for ambient cooling, the condensate liquid level (206) in the ground heat exchanger is automatically controlled through the liquid level controller in the liquid storage tank (407) and the central control system, so that the liquid level is always on the ground In the air guide pipe (202) of the heat exchanger (200), that is, in the full liquid working state, most of the condensing agent is in each branch pipe of the heat transfer pipe (201), while the underground heat transfer pipe (101) of the underground heat exchanger (100) The remaining liquid condensing agent is very little, which can not only increase the heat absorption area of the liquid condensing agent in the ground heat exchanger (200), but also increase the contact area between the underground gaseous condensing agent and the underground constant temperature layer (2), and increase the heat dissipation efficiency .

In the working process of heat pipe refrigeration, if the working environment is too high and the liquid condensate is vaporized before throttling, two methods can be used to solve it. The first is to replace the liquid pump (402) with an underground waterproof liquid pump (110) and install it underground, as shown in Figure 11. There is also a communication valve (111) connected in parallel with the underground waterproof liquid pump (110), namely When the waterproof liquid pump (110) is working, the connecting valve (111) is closed, and when the waterproof liquid pump (110) is stopped, the connecting valve (111) is opened. The pressure drop generated in the catheter (106) when the agent is injected; another solution is to install a subcooling device in the underground heat exchanger (100), as shown in Figure 12, the supercooling device is formed by a capillary tube (501 ), the subcooling pipe (502), the subcooling coil (503) and the subcooling compressor (504), and the subcooling coil (503) is placed at the bottom of the underground heat pipe (101) of the underground heat exchanger (100) , the subcooling compressor (504) is installed on the ground, one end of the subcooling coil (503) is installed with a throttling device capillary (501), and the other end is connected to the subcooling compressor (504) through a subcooling pipe (502). The outlet of the compressor (504) is connected to the lower leading gas pipe (304) of the gas circuit (300), thus forming a micro condenser, and the liquid in the subcooling compressor (504) and the liquid circuit (400) The pump (402) is controlled by a central control system to start and stop at the same time to prevent the liquid condensate from vaporizing before throttling.

The underground heat exchanger (100) of the present invention can be directly buried in the underground constant temperature layer (2), or an auxiliary heat transfer pipe (108) can be added, as shown in Figure 13; the auxiliary heat transfer pipe (108) is a buried The lower end of the underground heat exchanger (100) is sealed with a metal or plastic pipe whose diameter is larger than that of the underground heat exchanger (100). This increases the heat transfer area and improves work efficiency.

The temperature detection part of the central control system can detect the change of the indoor temperature, so as to automatically select the required working state from the four working systems to complete the automatic control, and can also adjust the working state through manual control to meet the needs of users. .

Claims (7)

1. a ground source heat pipe heat pump air conditioner is characterized in that, it is made of subterranean heat exchanger, ground heat exchanger, gas return path, fluid loop and control system five parts; Described subterranean heat exchanger is by underground heat pipe, auxiliary heat-conductive assembly, underground catheter, auxiliary drain assembly and ground downtake constitute, be provided with the ground downtake in the underground heat pipe, be provided with underground catheter in the ground downtake, underground heat pipe locates below ground level, it is open that ground downtake one end seals an end, one end of ground downtake sealing stretches into underground heat pipe inner bottom part, the ground open end of downtake elevates above the soil, underground catheter two ends all open and wherein an end stretch into ground downtake inner bottom part and the other end elevates above the soil, underground heat pipe is imbedded underground thermostat layer, can follow underground thermostat layer generation heat exchange; Described ground heat exchanger is made of heat pipe, aluminium foil fins set and heat exchange fan, and heat pipe comprises many heat pipe arms parallel with one another, and heat pipe top connects wireway, and the heat pipe lower end connects catheter; Described gas return path is by main gas tube, gas circuit triple valve, compressor branch road and compressor bypass branch road constitute up and down, the compressor branch road comprises compressor, temperature-sensitive bag, gas-liquid separator, oil-filtering apparatus and commutation cross valve, and main gas tube connects the wireway of ground heat exchanger and the wireway of subterranean heat exchanger respectively up and down; Fluid loop is by main catheter, liquid pump, liquid pump triple valve, liquid pump bypass branch road, orifice union, throttling triple valve, throttling bypass branch road and fluid reservoir constitute up and down, orifice union comprises two expansion valves, two devices for drying and filtering and two check valves, and main catheter connects the catheter of ground heat exchanger and the catheter of subterranean heat exchanger respectively up and down; Subterranean heat exchanger, gas return path, ground heat exchanger, fluid loop constitute the closed cryogenic cycles loop jointly, are filled with cold-producing medium in the loop; Control system by sensor, control chip, manually and remote input units, display unit, electronic switch constitute, sensor comprises a plurality of temperature sensors, a plurality of pressure sensor and a plurality of liquid level sensor, compressor, liquid pump, heat exchange fan and each magnetic valve are all to there being electronic switch, control chip is controlled electronic switch according to artificial input instruction and sensor parameters, thus the mode of operation of control air-conditioning.

2. a kind of ground source heat pipe heat pump air conditioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that the version of described subterranean heat exchanger is; Underground heat pipe and ground downtake are thicker, and underground catheter is arranged on the inside of underground heat pipe and ground downtake.

3. a kind of ground source heat pipe heat pump air conditioner according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described subterranean heat exchanger can directly be imbedded underground thermostat layer, also can increase an aid in heat transfer pipe; The diameter of aid in heat transfer Guan Weiyi buried lower end sealing is full of water or heat-conducting liquid greater than metal or the plastic tube of subterranean heat exchanger in the pipe, subterranean heat exchanger is inserted in the aid in heat transfer pipe.

4. a kind of ground source heat pipe heat pump air conditioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that described liquid pump can be arranged on the lower end of subterranean heat exchanger, also can be arranged on the ground; When liquid pump is arranged on the lower end of subterranean heat exchanger, need increase the servicing unit liquid pump and just can extrude ground to liquid refrigerant; When liquid pump was arranged on the ground, the interior pressure of underground catheter needed to increase the evaporation boiling that the cold-producing medium supercooling apparatus just can be avoided the liquid refrigerant in the underground catheter less than the interior pressure of underground heat pipe, and underground catheter is outer simultaneously will establish heat insulation layer; Supercooling apparatus is made of capillary, supercooling tube road, sub-cooling coil and mistake cold compressor, sub-cooling coil is placed on the underground heat pipe bottom of subterranean heat exchanger, cross cold compressor and be installed in ground, one end of sub-cooling coil is installed the throttling arrangement capillary, the other end connected cold compressor by the supercooling tube road, the sub-cooling coil lower end is directly immersed refrigerating fluid and refrigerating fluid is cooled off, and makes its subcritical temperature reach supercooled state.

5. a kind of ground source heat pipe heat pump air conditioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described subterranean heat exchanger can be independently one, also can be that a plurality of subterranean heat exchangers compose in parallel a big subterranean heat exchanger.

6. a kind of ground source heat pipe heat pump air conditioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described ground heat exchanger can be independently one, also can be the heat exchanger parallel connection of a plurality of grounds, thereby forms a central air conditioner system.

7. a kind of ground source heat pipe heat pump air conditioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this ground source heat pipe heat pump air conditioner has that heat pump refrigerating, heat-pipe refrigerating, heat pump heat, heat pipe heats four kinds of mode of operations.

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