CN102383727A - Drilling machine special for one-step well drilling and working method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a special drilling rig for one-time well formation and its working method. It is composed of a rock drill, a frame of a fixed rock drill, a rock drill control system and a dust removal system; through the above-mentioned components, one-time blasting of an ultra-deep hole is realized, and the rock-breaking efficiency is improved. High drilling speed and low cost.

Description

Special drilling rig for one-time well completion and its working method

technical field

The invention relates to drilling equipment used in mines such as coal mines and metal mines.

Background technique

Under the coal mine, it is necessary to construct a plurality of cylindrical chambers such as coal bins, gangue bins, and coal slip holes. The vertical depth of such chambers is generally more than 10 meters. The construction methods include drilling, ordinary blasting, and ultra-deep hole once. Blasting into wells. The technology related to this application is the ultra-deep hole one-shot well-forming method (abbreviated as the ultra-deep hole one-time well-forming method). According to the section size of the cylindrical chamber, the required blast holes are drilled one time from the top to the bottom (or one time from the bottom to the top), and then sequentially blasted from the bottom to the top to form the whole section in one blast. After the blasting is completed, the upper part is supported, and the lower part is ejected, and the supporting is followed by the ejection of gangue. Therefore, compared with ordinary blasting and drilling methods, the construction of tubular chambers using ultra-deep hole one-time well-forming technology has the advantages of safety, short construction period, low cost, simple construction process, and less labor input.

One of the main procedures of ultra-deep hole one-time well-forming method is drilling, and the speed and quality of drilling directly affect the extensive promotion of one-time well-forming technology. Since there is no special drilling rig for ultra-deep holes to form wells at one time, most water exploration drilling rigs are used. The water exploration drilling rig adopts cutting rock breaking and hydraulic powder discharge. It takes 3 to 4 hours to drill a hole with a diameter of 70mm and a length of 10m. The drilling cost per meter is more than 200 yuan. The drilling speed is slow and the cost is high. Some use ground percussion drilling rigs. Although the drilling speed is fast and the cost is low, due to the use of wind pressure to discharge powder, the environmental pollution is serious and cannot be used directly underground; in addition, ground deep hole drilling rigs are large in size and weight, and it is difficult to transport underground. And it is not suitable for small space operations in roadways.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems of the one-time well-forming construction chamber for ultra-deep holes (that is, holes greater than 10m) in underground coal mines, the present invention proposes a special impact rotary ultra-deep hole one-time well-forming method suitable for underground use.

In order to achieve the above object, the special drilling rig for one-time well formation of the present invention is composed of a rock drilling machine, a frame for fixing the rock drilling machine, a rock drilling machine control system and a dust removal system;

The rock drill described above is a chain guide rock drill that can provide both rotational torque and impact force. The rock drill adopts a valveless gas distribution mechanism and a high-speed ratio rotary deceleration mechanism; the drill bit adopts an impact drill bit with a diameter of 70-90mm, and the drill rod adopts a length of 1 ~1.5m long drill pipe;

The structure of the frame is that it includes a vertical guide rail processed by channel steel, the top of the vertical guide rail is connected with a square horizontal plate, and the four corners of the square horizontal top plate are provided with single hydraulic props with pointed feet. The bottom of the guide rail is connected with a triangular horizontal plate, and the three corners of the triangular horizontal plate are provided with pointed cones; one end of the vertical guide rail is provided with a wind motor, and the shaft of the wind motor is provided with a drive sprocket, and the other end of the vertical guide rail is provided with a turning The sprocket, the chain is hung on the driving sprocket and the return sprocket, and the sliding seat for fixing the rock drilling machine is installed on the chain; the lower end of the vertical guide rail is also equipped with a clamping device;

The control system includes an air volume regulating valve and a compressed air pipeline. The air volume regulating valve is provided with three air channels and an operating handle on the valve body; the first channel enters the rock drill to generate rotational torque and impact force; The motor makes the chain drive the rock drill to move up and down; the third way passes through the shaft hole of the drilling machine-the center hole of the drill pipe-the drill bit hole and enters the bottom of the hole to blow out rock powder;

The dust removal system is mainly composed of a dust collector, a cyclone dust collector, an air duct and a pool; the dust collector is a cover placed at the hole; The air duct for the inlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected to the dust collector, and the air duct for the outlet is connected to the pool. The cyclone dust collector performs first-level coarse dust removal and provides negative pressure, and the fine dust is sent to the pool for further purification, ensuring the rock dust purification effect during drilling.

The working method of the special drilling rig of the present invention is,

Step 1: Stand up the rack at the working site, and pressurize each single hydraulic prop until the pointed feet of the single hydraulic prop are all inserted into the top plate, and the pointed end is inserted into the bottom plate.

Step 2: Install the rock drill on the sliding seat of the frame chain; connect the operating system and the wind pressure power system with an air duct; place the dust collector at the drilling position, insert the drill bit end of the drill pipe into the top hole of the dust collector, The end of the drill pipe is inserted into the bushing of the drill rig.

Step 3: Connect the dust collector, cyclone dust collector and the pool with air ducts and insert the air ducts into the water of the pool; preparation work.

Step 4: Operate the control valve to drill holes in the way of rotation and impact, and start the cyclone dust collector to remove dust and purify the discharged rock powder.

Step 5: When the drilling hole reaches the depth of a drill pipe, use the clamping device of the drilling rig to cooperate with the forward and reverse rotation of the rotary spindle to connect a new drill pipe.

Step 6: After the drilling is completed, use the forward and reverse rotation of the rotary spindle, the action of the clamp and the rotation of the chain to unload the drill pipe in sequence until the drill bit is lifted out of the hole. Continue the drilling work of another blast hole after shifting.

The advantages of the special drilling rig for one-time well completion of the present invention are:

(1) Using the impact rotary rock breaking method, the rock breaking efficiency is high, the drilling speed is fast, and the cost is low;

(2) The drilling rig of the present invention is assembleable, small in size, light in weight, and suitable for underground transportation;

(3) The frame with a single hydraulic prop is used as the fixed structure and supporting structure, which is small in size and suitable for small underground space operations;

(4) High-efficiency secondary dust removal system is adopted, with little pollution;

(5) The chain-type propulsion system is adopted, which has a longer service life than the cylinder-type propulsion system, and the moving speed is stable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a special drilling rig for one-time well completion of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the present invention.

Legend: 1-single hydraulic prop, 2-square horizontal plate, 3-frame, 3a-turning sprocket, 3b-chain, 4-guide rail, 5-sliding seat, 6-rock drill, 7-drill pipe, 8 - wind motor, 9 - clamping device, 10 - triangular horizontal base, 11 - pointed cone, 12 - dust catcher, 13 - cyclone dust collector, 14 - pool, 15 - air duct.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, the special drilling rig for super-deep hole one-time well formation is composed of a rock drill 6, a frame 3 for fixing the rock drill, a rock drill control system and a dust removal system;

The rock drill 6 is a chain guide rock drill that can simultaneously provide rotational torque and impact force. The rock drill adopts a valveless gas distribution mechanism and a high-speed ratio rotary deceleration mechanism; the drill bit adopts an impact drill bit with a diameter of 70-90mm, and the drill rod Long drill pipe with a length of 1-1.5m;

The structure of the frame 3 includes a vertical guide rail 4 processed from channel steel, the top of the vertical guide rail 4 is connected with a square horizontal plate 2, and the four corners of the square horizontal plate 2 are provided with a single hydraulic unit with pointed feet. The pillar 1 and the bottom of the vertical guide rail 4 are connected with a triangular horizontal base 10, and the three corners of the triangular horizontal base 10 are provided with pointed cones 11; Sprocket wheel, the other end of vertical guide rail is provided with turn-back sprocket wheel 3a, hangs chain 3b (as shown in Figure 2) by driving sprocket wheel and turn-back sprocket wheel 3a, and the slide seat 5 of fixed rock drilling machine is installed on chain 3b; The lower end of the type guide rail 4 is also provided with a brazing device 9;

The control system includes an air volume regulating valve and a compressed air pipeline (not shown in the figure), and the air volume regulating valve is provided with three-way air passages and operating handles on the valve body; the first road enters the rock drill 6 to generate rotary torque and Impact force; the second way enters the wind motor 8, so that the chain 3b drives the rock drill 6 to move up and down; the third way enters the bottom of the hole through the shaft hole of the drilling machine-the center hole of the drill pipe-the drill hole to blow out rock powder;

The dust removal system is mainly composed of a dust collector 12, a cyclone dust collector 13, an air duct 15 and a pool 14; Rotary tangential entry type dust collector; the air duct for the inlet of the cyclone dust collector 13 communicates with the dust collector 12, and the air duct 15 for the outlet communicates with the pool 14. The cyclone dust collector 13 performs first-level coarse dust removal and provides negative pressure, and the fine dust is sent into the pool 14 for further purification, which ensures the rock dust purification effect during drilling work.

The method of operation of this special rig is,

Step 1: Stand up the frame 3 at the working site, and pressurize each single hydraulic prop 1 until all the pointed feet of the single hydraulic prop 1 are inserted into the top plate, and the pointed end is inserted into the bottom plate.

Second step: the rock drilling machine 6 is installed on the slide seat 5 of the frame chain; the operating system and the wind pressure power system are connected with the air duct; Dust collector 12 top holes, drill rod 7 tail ends insert drilling rig bushing.

Step 3: connect the dust catcher 12, the cyclone dust collector 13 and the pool 14 with the air duct 15, and insert the air duct 15 into the pool 14 underwater; preparation work.

Step 4: Operate the control valve to drill holes in the way of rotation and impact, and at the same time start the cyclone dust collector 13 to remove dust and purify the discharged rock powder.

Step 5: When the drilled hole reaches the depth of a drill pipe, a new drill pipe 7 is connected by using the cooperation of the clamping device 9 of the drilling rig, the positive and negative rotation of the rotary spindle of the drilling rig, and the rotation of the chain 3b.

Step 6: After the drilling is completed, the drilling rod 7 is unloaded sequentially by using the drill holder 9, the forward and reverse rotation of the rotary spindle and the rotation of the chain 3b until the drill bit is lifted out of the hole.

Continue the drilling work of another blast hole after shifting.

Claims (2)

1. A special drilling rig for well completion, characterized in that it is composed of a rock drill, a frame for fixing the rock drill, a rock drill control system and a dust removal system; wherein: The rock drill described above is a chain guide rock drill that can provide both rotational torque and impact force. The rock drill adopts a valveless gas distribution mechanism and a high-speed ratio rotary deceleration mechanism; the drill bit adopts an impact drill bit with a diameter of 70-90mm, and the drill rod adopts a length of 1 ~1.5m long drill pipe; The structure of the frame is that it includes a vertical guide rail processed by channel steel, the top of the vertical guide rail is connected with a square horizontal plate, and the four corners of the square horizontal top plate are provided with single hydraulic props with pointed feet. The bottom of the guide rail is connected with a triangular horizontal plate, and the three corners of the triangular horizontal plate are provided with pointed cones; one end of the vertical guide rail is provided with a wind motor, and the shaft of the wind motor is provided with a drive sprocket, and the other end of the vertical guide rail is provided with a turning The sprocket, the chain is hung on the driving sprocket and the return sprocket, and the sliding seat for fixing the rock drilling machine is installed on the chain; the lower end of the vertical guide rail is also equipped with a clamping device; The control system includes an air volume regulating valve and a compressed air pipeline. The air volume regulating valve is provided with three air channels and an operating handle on the valve body; the first channel enters the rock drill to generate rotational torque and impact force; The motor makes the chain drive the rock drill to move up and down; the third way passes through the shaft hole of the drilling machine-the center hole of the drill pipe-the drill bit hole and enters the bottom of the hole to blow out rock powder; The dust removal system is mainly composed of a dust collector, a cyclone dust collector, an air duct and a pool; the dust collector is a cover placed at the hole; The air pipe at the inlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected with the dust catcher, and the air pipe at the outlet is connected with the pool. 2. A working method of special drilling rig as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the steps are as follows: Step 1: Stand up the frame at the working site, and pressurize each single hydraulic prop until the pointed feet of the single hydraulic prop are all inserted into the top plate, and the pointed end is inserted into the bottom plate; Step 2: Install the rock drill on the sliding seat of the frame chain; connect the operating system and the wind pressure power system with an air duct; place the dust collector at the drilling position, insert the drill bit end of the drill pipe into the top hole of the dust collector, The end of the drill pipe is inserted into the bushing of the drill; Step 3: Connect the dust catcher, cyclone dust collector and the pool with air ducts and insert the air ducts into the water of the pool; preparation work; Step 4: Operate the control valve to drill holes in the way of rotation and impact, and at the same time start the cyclone dust collector to remove dust and purify the discharged rock powder; Step 5: When the drilling hole reaches the depth of a drill pipe, use the clamping device of the drilling rig to cooperate with the forward and reverse rotation of the rotary spindle to connect a new drill pipe; Step 6: After the drilling is completed, use the forward and reverse rotation of the rotary spindle, the action of the clamp and the rotation of the chain to unload the drill pipe in sequence until the drill bit is lifted out of the hole; after the shift, proceed to another blast hole Drilling work.