CN102382368A - Carbon fiber/cenosphere/polypropylene ternary composited material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a carbon fiber/cenosphere/polypropylene ternary composited material and a preparation method thereof. The proportion by weight of carbon fibers, cenospheres and polypropylene includes: 100 parts of polypropylene, 2 to 30 parts of carbon fibers and cenospheres which are larger than 0 part but smaller than 30 parts. Thermoplastic polypropylene resin is used as a base material and is modified by blending with the carbon fiber and the cenospheres, and accordingly, a carbon fiber/cenosphere/polypropylene blending system which is reinforced and toughened is formed on the condition of adding few carbon fibers. Since third-phase cenospheres are introduced into a carbon fiber/polypropylene composite system, the carbon fibers but the cenospheres are used as main carriers so that toughness of the composite system is improved. Besides, affection on mechanical performance of the system is more evident and cost is reduced evidently on the premise of identical additive amount as compared with those of a system added with PP-g-MAH.

Description

A kind of carbon fiber/hollow microsphere/polypropylene ternary composite material and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a ternary composite material and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a carbon fiber/hollow microsphere/polypropylene ternary composite material and a preparation method thereof. the

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Background technique

Carbon fiber (CF) is a general term for a class of non-graphite fibers with a carbon content of more than 92%. As an ideal reinforcement for light weight and high strength, it is often used in composite systems based on resins, metals, ceramics, and cement. Hollow microspheres (GB) are a kind of loose and fluid powder material, which has the characteristics of sound insulation, flame retardancy, good electrical insulation, low density, low oil absorption, and high strength. Due to its excellent fluidity , often used in filling modification to improve flow performance, control floating fiber exposure, improve surface finish, etc. Hollow microspheres can be artificially produced or separated from fly ash, and can be divided into floating beads and sinking beads according to their relative density; floating beads with relatively light density have a density of 0.5~0.75g/ m3 . Due to its excellent flow properties, it is often used in filling modification to improve flow properties, control floating fiber exposure, and improve surface finish. Because the wall of floating beads is relatively thin, it is easily broken under the action of a force field, thus losing the meaning of its hollow ball. Therefore, floating beads are mostly used in the filling modification of thermosetting resins and thermoplastic resin systems for casting and molding. the

Currently commonly used carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composites are still dominated by thermosetting resins, especially sheet molding compounds (SMC) are widely used in the manufacture of automotive parts, especially in the United States and Germany. Due to the shortcomings of thermosetting resin-based composites such as low fracture toughness, poor damage resistance, short service life of prepregs, long product processing cycles, and difficulties in waste recycling, their further development is limited, and people are forced to pay attention to existing thermosetting materials. Composite materials are toughened and modified. At the same time, people are also looking for new tough materials as matrix resins. the

With the decrease of fossil energy and people's increasing attention to the ecological environment, energy conservation and emission reduction has become a common goal of the world. This makes aerospace and aviation equipment, rail transportation equipment, ships, automobiles and other national defense and transportation equipment manufacturing industries face severe challenges. "Lightweight" is one of the important means of energy saving and emission reduction in the transportation equipment manufacturing industry, and it is also an important development direction and research topic of the transportation equipment manufacturing industry. the

In the past two decades, due to the rapid development of the automobile industry and the rapid expansion of the application of composite materials in the field of automotive materials, the problem of volatilization of harmful gases and waste recycling of thermosetting composite materials has become particularly prominent. With the increasing awareness of human environmental protection, at the "Global Outlook of Carbon Fiber 2007" (Global Outlook of Carbon Fiber 2007) conference, Michael Skinner, a composite material engineer at Furber Fauci, pointed out that from the perspective of future development trends, Automobile designers will prefer thermoplastic composite materials that are conducive to recycling and environmental protection. At the 2008 World Carbon Fiber Prospects Conference, "Prospects for Automotive Applications" was taken as one of the four major topics. It is precisely because of the excellent performance and broad application prospects of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin matrix composites that both the country and individuals keep the preparation process and formula of such high-performance composites highly confidential. the

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Contents of the invention

Aiming at the broad application prospects of carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin-based composite materials, the invention provides a carbon fiber/hollow microsphere/polypropylene ternary composite material with significantly enhanced strength and toughness and a relatively wide application range and a preparation method thereof. the

Technical solution of the present invention: carbon fiber/hollow microsphere/polypropylene ternary composite material, characterized in that: the weight ratio of the three substances is:

100 parts of polypropylene, 2-30 parts of carbon fiber, and more than 0 and less than 30 parts of hollow microspheres.

The preparation method of the carbon fiber/hollow microsphere/polypropylene ternary composite material is characterized in that:

(1) First prepare carbon fiber, hollow microspheres and polypropylene according to the process requirements;

(2) Surface treatment of the hollow microspheres: use an organic solvent as the solvent to prepare a silane coupling agent solution with a concentration of 0.5%-3%, and mix and infiltrate the hollow microspheres in the dark for 0.5-3 hours; then filter out the treatment solution and use Plasma water rinse 3-5 times; finally, cool after drying;

(3) Add carbon fiber/hollow microsphere/polypropylene according to their weight ratio and mix evenly;

(4) When parts need to be made, add the prepared composite materials into the injection machine for injection molding to obtain ternary composite materials and their parts.

Compared with the prior art, the carbon fiber/hollow microsphere/polypropylene ternary composite material of the present invention has the following characteristics:

1. The present invention uses thermoplastic polypropylene resin as a matrix material, and uses carbon fiber and hollow microspheres to carry out blending modification on it, and finally obtains carbon fiber/hollow microspheres/polypropylene that is simultaneously reinforced and toughened under the condition of less carbon fiber addition. Propylene ternary blend system. the

2. Introduce the third phase of hollow microspheres into the carbon fiber/polypropylene composite system. During the impact process, the main bearing carrier changes from carbon fiber to hollow microspheres, thereby realizing the toughening of the composite system, and at the same addition amount , compared with the addition of PP-g-MAH, the effect of adding hollow microspheres on the mechanical properties of the system is more significant, and the cost is also significantly reduced. the

3. The ternary composite material of the present invention has relatively wide application prospects; its preparation method is simple, and operators can quickly master it. the

                       

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is that the present invention carries out surface treatment process flow chart to hollow microsphere;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the effect of the addition of hollow microspheres on the tensile and notched impact properties of the composite material.

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Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, the carbon fiber/hollow microsphere/polypropylene ternary composite material of the present invention is characterized in that the weight ratio of the three substances is:

100 parts of polypropylene, 2-30 parts of carbon fiber, hollow microspheres greater than 0 and less than 30 parts;

Surface treatment of hollow microspheres: first, use organic solvents (such as methanol, ethanol, methyl ether, ether, formaldehyde, etc.) Beads for 0.5-3 hours; then filter out the treatment solution and rinse with plasma water for 3-5 times; finally, cool after drying; the drying temperature is generally below 80°C to avoid loss of hollow microbeads. In addition to the KH560 solution, the silane coupling agent of the present invention also has other suitable silane coupling agents, such as KH550, KH570, KH592, DL602, DL171, etc., which can perform surface treatment on hollow microspheres and meet the requirements of the process.

The carbon fiber of the present invention has a relatively short length of 2 mm to 7 mm, and a single filament diameter of about 0.7 mm. the

The preparation method of carbon fiber/hollow microsphere/polypropylene ternary composite material of the present invention,

1. First prepare carbon fiber, hollow microspheres and polypropylene according to the process requirements;

2. Surface treatment of hollow microspheres: use organic solvents (such as methanol, ethanol, methyl ether, ether, formaldehyde, etc.) microbeads for 0.5-3 hours; then filter out the treatment solution and rinse with plasma water for 3-5 times; finally, dry and cool;

3. Add carbon fiber/hollow microspheres/polypropylene according to their weight ratio and mix evenly;

4. When it is necessary to make parts, put the prepared composite material into the injection machine for injection molding to obtain the required ternary composite material and its parts.

Select the existing technology injection machine, the injection process is: TTI-95G injection machine, the barrel temperature is controlled between 190-230 °C, the injection pressure is 50-80 MPa, the holding pressure is about 80% of the injection pressure, cooling The time is 15S. the

According to different performance requirements, the content of carbon fiber can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 22, 25, 28, 30 parts, and the content of hollow microbeads can be 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 22, 25, 28, 30 copies can all meet the requirements. the

Specific examples: 100 parts of polypropylene, 5 parts of carbon fiber, and 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 parts of hollow microspheres were used to prepare injection samples CF5, GB5, GB10, GB15 and GB20 respectively. the

Generally speaking, as the amount of filler increases, the fluidity of the composite system will decrease sharply. However, the increase in the amount of hollow microspheres will improve the fluidity of the composite system, mainly due to its spherical structure and larger diameter. hardness. Use the RM-200A torque rheometer to measure the maximum torque and equilibrium torque of the CF/GB/PP composite material when adding 0~20 parts of hollow microspheres, the temperature is 210°C, the speed is 30r/min, and the amount of feed is 40g , the test results are shown in the table below. the

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It can be seen from the above table that after adding hollow microspheres, the rheological properties of the system are not as described in most literatures. When the amount of hollow microspheres is 5 parts, the maximum torque of the system is 70.2 N·m, and the maximum torque of the system is not smaller than that of the CF/PP system but increases; The maximum torque of the system gradually decreases when the amount of hollow microspheres increases. When the amount of hollow microspheres reaches 20 phr, the maximum torque of the system is 50.1 N m, which is 17.9% lower than that of the CF/PP system. After adding hollow microspheres , the balance torque of the system has increased, which is mainly caused by the breakage of microbeads, which proves that the addition of hollow microbeads will indeed increase the wear of molding processing equipment. the

Figure 2 shows the effect of the amount of hollow microspheres on the tensile and notched impact properties of the composite: with the increase of the amount of hollow microspheres, the tensile strength of the composite system first increases and then decreases. When the amount of hollow microspheres is 15 The tensile strength reaches a maximum of 37.2MPa, which is 46.5% higher than that of pure PP, and 8.8% higher than that of CF/PP without PP-g-MAH, which is close to that of CF/PP system with PP-g-MAH added. The optimum value is 37.9MPa; while the notched impact strength increases with the increase of hollow microspheres, but the increasing trend gradually slows down. Pure PP has increased by 30.4%, which is 33.3% higher than that of CF/PP without PP-g-MAH, which is greater than the best value of 10.3KJ/m2 for CF/PP system with PP-g-MAH added; but when hollow microspheres When the addition amount is 5 parts, the mechanical properties of the ternary composite system are extremely poor, and the tensile strength and notched impact strength are 27.0MPa and 5.0KJ/m2 respectively, which are far lower than other samples. the

Claims (2)

1. thomel/cenosphere/Vestolen PP 7052 trielement composite material, it is characterized in that: the weight proportion of three kinds of materials is:

100 parts of Vestolen PP 7052,2-30 parts on thomel, cenosphere greater than 0 less than 30 parts.

2. the preparation method of the said thomel/cenosphere of claim 1/Vestolen PP 7052 trielement composite material is characterized in that:

(1) at first prepares thomel, cenosphere, Vestolen PP 7052 according to processing requirement;

(2) cenosphere is carried out surface treatment: using organic solvent is 0.5%-3% silane coupler solution as the solvent compound concentration, and lucifuge is mixed and soaked into cenosphere 0.5-3 hours; Filter treatment solution then, with plasma water drip washing 3-5 times; At last, oven dry postcooling;

(3) thomel/cenosphere/three kinds of materials of Vestolen PP 7052 are added according to its weight proportion, mix;

When (4) needing to make product, the matrix material of working good is added injector, carry out injection molding, obtain required trielement composite material or its product.

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