CN102377850B - Mobile wireless communications device with electrically conductive continuous ring and related methods - Google Patents

Abstract

A mobile wireless communications device may include a portable housing that may include an electrically conductive continuous ring defining a perimeter of the portable housing. The electrically conductive continuous ring may be configured to function as an antenna. The mobile wireless communications device may further include a printed circuit board (PCB) carried by the portable housing and may include an electrically conductive layer defining a ground plane. The mobile wireless communications device may further include wireless transceiver circuitry carried by the PCB and coupled to the antenna. The mobile wireless communications device may also include an electrically conductive shorting member coupled between the electrically conductive continuous ring and the ground plane.

Description

There is mobile radio communication apparatus and the correlation technique of conduction continuous loop

Technical field

Present invention relates in general to the field of wireless communication system, and more specifically, relate to mobile radio communication apparatus and correlation technique.

Background technology

Mobile radio communications system is in increased popularity, and becomes an indispensable part in individual and business communication.What for example, cell phone permission user travelled at them dials and receives audio call Anywhere.In addition,, along with the growth of cellular telephony, the function of the cellular device that can be used for user and dissimilar equipment have also been increased.For example, a lot of cellular devices have been incorporated to personal digital assistant (PDA) feature now, such as calendar, address book, task list etc.In addition, this multifunctional equipment can also for example allow user radio ground sending and receiving Email (email) message, and via cellular network and/or WLAN (wireless local area network) (WLAN) access the Internet.

Nonetheless,, along with the function of cellular communication apparatus continues to increase, the needs of the less equipment of and more convenient carrying easier for user also increase day by day.The shell of design and antenna cooperative to cellular device manufacturer challenge, so that required operating characteristic to be provided in relatively limited amount of available space.

Summary of the invention

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is according to the front view of the mobile radio communication apparatus including point current conductor of an illustrative aspects.

Fig. 2 is the printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) of the equipment of Fig. 1 and the schematic diagram of shell.

Fig. 3 a-3d is according to the schematic diagram of the circuit element of exemplary embodiment and point current conductor.

Fig. 4 is according to the schematic diagram of the layout of the passband of exemplary embodiment and stopband unit.

Fig. 5 is according to the cross-sectional view of the multi-layer PCB of exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 6 is the radiation diagram of having measured according to the antenna of the mobile radio communication apparatus of exemplary embodiment

Fig. 7 is according to the schematic diagram of a part for the PCT of the mobile radio communication apparatus of exemplary embodiment and shell.

Fig. 8 is the zoomed-in view of the PCB of Fig. 7 and a part for shell.

Fig. 9 is the schematic block diagram of having illustrated to be included in the add-on assemble in the mobile radio communication apparatus of Fig. 1.

Figure 10 is according to the schematic diagram of the Wireless Telecom Equipment of another exemplary embodiment.

Figure 11 is according to the cross-sectional view of a part for the conduction continuous loop of exemplary embodiment, multi-layer PCB and medium main body.

Figure 12 is the perspective diagram of a part for the portable enclosure of the Fig. 9 including conduction short-circuit part.

Figure 13 is according to the schematic diagram of the PCB of the prototype mobile radio communication apparatus of exemplary embodiment.

Figure 14 is according to the figure of the gain of having measured of the prototype mobile radio communication apparatus of exemplary embodiment.

Embodiment

Make this description with reference to the accompanying drawing that shows various embodiment.But, can use a lot of different embodiment, thereby and this description should be interpreted as and be limited to the embodiment setting forth herein.But, these embodiment are provided, make the disclosure by thorough and complete.Similar label refers to similar unit in the text, and prime-and-dot notation is used to indicate the similar units in alternative.

According to an illustrative aspects, a kind of mobile radio communication apparatus can comprise portable enclosure, and described portable enclosure can comprise conduction continuous loop, and described conduction continuous loop can limit the circumference of described portable enclosure.Described conduction continuous loop can be configured to for example play the function of antenna.Can carry printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) by described portable enclosure, and described printed circuit board (PCB) can comprise the conductive layer that defines ground level.Can carry wireless transceiver circuitry by described PCB, and described wireless transceiver circuitry can be coupled to described antenna.At least one conduction short-circuit part can for example be coupled between described conduction continuous loop and described ground level.

Described at least one conduction short-circuit part can comprise multiple conduction short-circuit parts.Described multiple conduction short-circuit part can for example be spaced apart.

Described mobile radio communication apparatus can also be included at least one the electric floating element being coupled between described conduction continuous loop and PCB.Described conduction continuous loop can comprise for example metal.

Described at least one conduction short-circuit part can comprise at least one mechanical type fastener.Described at least one conduction short-circuit part can comprise for example at least one wire.

Can settle described PCB and described conduction continuous loop, limit with the air gap between described PCB and described conduction continuous loop.Described mobile radio communication apparatus can also for example be included in the dielectric material body between described PCB and described conduction continuous loop.Described wireless transceiver circuitry can be configured to operate in 3.25GHz frequency range at for example 800MHz.

The target of method aspect is a kind of method of manufacturing mobile radio communication apparatus.Described method can comprise: form the portable enclosure with conduction continuous loop, described conduction continuous loop defines the circumference of for example described portable enclosure.Described conduction continuous loop can be configured to the function for playing antenna.Described method can also comprise: in described portable enclosure, settle printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB), and described printed circuit board (PCB) comprises the conductive layer that defines ground level, and the wireless transceiver circuitry of being carried by described PCB is coupled to described antenna.Described method can also be included at least one conduction short-circuit part that is coupled between described conduction continuous loop and described ground level.

First with reference to Fig. 1-3, mobile radio communication apparatus 30 schematically comprises: portable enclosure 31, the printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) 32 being carried by portable enclosure and the wireless transceiver circuitry 33 of being carried by portable enclosure.In other embodiments, PCB 32 can be combined with metal chassis or other substrates.PCB 32 can also comprise the conductive layer that defines ground level (not shown).

Also carry satellite positioning signal receiver by portable enclosure 31.Satellite positioning signal receiver 34 can be for example global positioning system (GPS) satellite receiver.

Example devices 30 also schematically comprises display 60 and multiple control button, these are controlled button and comprise " off-hook " (, telephone calling) button 61, on-hook (, stopping call) button 62, menu key 63 and the button 64 that returns or escape.Further describe the operation of various device assembly and input key etc. below with reference to Fig. 9.

PCB 32 can also bearer controller 66 or processor.Controller 66 can cooperate with other assemblies, and for example antenna 35, satellite positioning signal receiver 34 and wireless transceiver circuitry 33, to coordinate and to control the operation of mobile radio communication apparatus 30.Operation can comprise mobile voice and data manipulation, and data manipulation comprises Email and internet data.

Portable enclosure 31 comprises current-carrying part.For example, portable enclosure 31 can be metal, or comprises metal part.As those skilled in the art will recognize, when portable enclosure 31 comprises current-carrying part, this current-carrying part plays the function of antenna, and controls the sense of current of antenna of flowing through and become more difficult.

Can in different frequency of operation, send or receive as the portable external conductive casing 31 current-carrying part of antenna operation, for example cell phone, satellite or other wireless communication frequencies including being configured to.Mobile radio communication apparatus 30 can comprise additional or the second antenna 35 that is coupled to wireless transceiver circuitry 33.The second antenna 35 can also be configured in different frequency of operation, send or receive, for example cell phone, satellite or other wireless communication frequencies, and the current-carrying part that the second antenna 35 can be independent of the portable external conductive casing 31 that is configured to antenna operates, or with it in conjunction with operating.

A particularly advantageous scheme of controlling electric current comprises: use portable enclosure 31 (being configured to antenna) and the circuit element 36 with array way configuration, form non-bearing current segment.Circuit element 36 can comprise orthogonal (orthogonal) circuit unit, for example, in capacitor and inductor one or more.Circuit element 36 can also comprise for example wire on PCB 32.As skilled in the art will be aware of, circuit element 36 can be other assemblies or element.

At 37 places, crosspoint of each common node or circuit element 36, shunt assembly 38 is coupled to portable enclosure 31.The shunt assembly 38 that extend in the He Cong crosspoint, crosspoint 37 of four circuit elements 36 has formed unit cell 40.As skilled in the art will be aware of, the cooperation of array and shunt assembly 38 by circuit element 36, has formed non-bearing current segment.In other words, unit cell 40 can be for the current path of current limit.For example, as shown in Figure 3 a, the unit cell 40 that is configured to passband unit cell schematically comprises as four inductors of circuit element 36 and as the capacitor of shunt assembly 38.Alternatively, as shown in Figure 3 b, the unit cell 40 ' that is configured to stopband unit cell comprises as four capacitors of circuit element 36 ' and as the capacitor of shunt assembly 38 '.Certainly, can use circuit element 36 and a point current conductor 38 for other types, for example, as shown in Fig. 3 c and 3d, and a point current conductor can comprise more than one point of current conductor.

In addition,, when the interval between adjacent circuit element 36 is during relatively much smaller than action required wavelength, unit cell 40 can be shown the electromagnetic property that is adjusted to required specification.Correspondingly, the characteristic of the unit cell 40 including circuit element 36 and point current conductor 38 can be described by maroscopic quantity, for example, permittivity or magnetic permeability.In unit cell 40, use accurate transversal electromagnetic mode (accurate TEM) approximate, as J.K.H.Wong, K.G.Balmain, and G.V.Eleftheriades, " Fields in planar anisotropic transmission-line metamaterials, " vol.54, no.10, pp.2742-2749, disclosed in Oct.2006, non-zero field component is:

$\mathrm{Ez}/\∂y=\mathrm{j\ω}{\mathrm{\μ}}_{\mathrm{xx}}{H}_x---\left(1a\right)$

$\mathrm{Ez}/\∂x=\mathrm{j\ω}{\mathrm{\μ}}_{\mathrm{yy}}H---\left(1b\right)$

This configuration allows wave propagation, wherein, between unit cell 40 and portable enclosure 31, electric field is carried out to perpendicular polarization.If make the interval between unit cell 40 and portable enclosure 31 fully little, the field in the volume being limited for boundary by unit cell and portable enclosure is evenly approximate in z direction.In other words, and equation (1a-1c) is set up.Consider H mode field, merge by equation (1a) with (1b), to obtain:

$\∂V_z/{\∂}_y=-\mathrm{j\ω}{\mathrm{\μ}}_{\mathrm{xx}}{H}_x\mathrm{\Δz}---\left(2a\right)$

$\∂V_z/{\∂}_x=\mathrm{j\ω}{\mathrm{\μ}}_{\mathrm{yy}}{H}_y\mathrm{\Δz}---\left(2b\right)$

Next, be incorporated in the x and y direction equation (2), to obtain:

$\∂V_z/{\∂}_y{\mathrm{\Δ}}_x=-\mathrm{j\ω}{\mathrm{\μ}}_{\mathrm{xx}}{I}_y\mathrm{\Δz}---\left(3a\right)$

$\∂V_z/{\∂}_x{\mathrm{\Δ}}_y=\mathrm{j\ω}{\mathrm{\μ}}_{\mathrm{yy}}{I}_x\mathrm{\Δz}---\left(3b\right)$

Determine the electric current of the circuit element 36 of flowing through (being capacitor and inductor) by the pressure reduction on unit cell 40, and can be expressed as:

$I_x=(1/j{X}_x)(\∂V_z/{\∂}_x)\left(\mathrm{\Δx}\right)---\left(4a\right)$

$I_y=-(1/j{X}_y)(\∂V_z/{\∂}_y)\left(\mathrm{\Δy}\right)---\left(4b\right)$

In equation (4a-4b), X _xand X _yit is respectively the reactance in x and the y direction of ripple frequency.By equation (4) substitution equation (3) and suppose d=Δ x=Δ y=Δ z:

μ _xx＝X _y/ωd(5a)

μ _yy＝X _x/ωd(5b)

For the unit cell 40 shown in Fig. 3 a, the reactance in x and y direction equates, and can be expressed as

X _x＝X _y＝ωL ₀d+ωL(6)

Wherein, L is the inductance of loaded in series, and L ₀it is the inductance of the per unit length of interconnected transmission line.Therefore, can be by equation (6) substitution equation (5), to obtain the expression formula relevant to magnetic permeability and concentrated component value:

μ _xx＝μ _yy＝L ₀+L/d(7)

To Ampere's law application same steps (1c), by obtaining, shunt assembly 38 is worth to the expression formula relevant to permittivity:

Wherein, C _shuntshunting capacitance, and C ₀the electric capacity of the per unit length of interconnected transmission line.

Calculate effective permittivity and magnetic permeability, can derive as follows the propagation constant in the array of portable enclosure 31 and circuit unit 36:

Suppose that frequency of operation is relatively just under the self-resonant frequency of circuit unit 36 (being inductor and capacitor), equation (9) is true always.In other words,, for from zero to all frequencies the self-resonant frequency of circuit unit 36, allow to propagate.Therefore, portable enclosure 31, circuit unit 36 (being series reactor), and shunt assembly 38 cooperates, to form passband condition, (Fig. 3 is a).

In order to create stopband condition, must allow the k be imaginary number.Correspondingly, if circuit unit 36 ' is the capacitor shown in Fig. 3 b.We obtain:

X _x＝X _y＝ωL ₀d-l/ωC(10)

By equation (10) substitution equation (5):

μ _xx＝μ _yy＝L ₀-l/ω ²Cd(11)

Therefore, be given in the propagation in this structure by following equation:

According to (12), can observe, in the time meeting the following conditions, wave vector becomes imaginary number:

C＜l/ω ²L ₀d(13)

In other words, can, by changing C, in required frequency range, realize stopband condition.As skilled in the art will be aware of, in order to create stopband, as long as k is imaginary number, can use the combination of circuit unit or the circuit unit of any number.Additionally, the combination of passband unit 40 and stopband unit 40 ' can be configured leading from the electric current of antenna 35.

Referring now to Fig. 4, passband and stopband unit cell 40,40 ', 40 ", 40 ' " combination can be configured to conduct current by portable enclosure 31.When use from antenna 35 current excitation portable enclosure 31 time, electric current will be away from point of excitation, but can be limited electric current by stopband unit cell 40 ', and it is flowed in the region of passband unit 40.Therefore, as skilled in the art will be aware of, the Antenna Design in the equipment with all-metal portable enclosure can be absorbed in passband unit cell 40 is arranged as and has shape and the size of required radiation mode of generation.

But the relatively little size of given mobile radio communication apparatus 30, may need further to reduce the quantity for the discrete physical assemblies to conduct current or establishment non-bearing current segment.In other words,, because add-on assemble may increase the weight of mobile radio communication apparatus, the mobile radio communication apparatus 30 including array or the layer of circuit element 36 may be undesired.In this case, circuit element 36 can be the circuit unit of carrying on PCB 32, for example, and wireless transceiver circuitry 33.

As skilled in the art will be aware of, the array of isolated circuit unit 36 and shunt assembly 38 advantageously cooperates becomes possibility so that the handy mobile radio communication apparatus with external conductive casing carries out radiation.In fact, growing industrial design trend comprises metal material, for example to transmit the sensation that increases quality.

Correspondingly, a lot of mobile radio communication apparatus comprise the metal material amount of relative increase.Some equipment in these mobile radio communication apparatus are also for example, including the radiant element or the antenna that are integrated in the structure (, becket) comprising metal material.In other words, the becket of portable enclosure or conducting metal part are also as antenna.Alternatively, in some mobile radio communication apparatus, radiant element for example can be positioned in, away from metal material (, metal shell) and locate.

Circuit unit 36 and shunt assembly 38 advantageously make radio communication become possibility via built-in aerial, and this built-in aerial can be covered completely by for example metal material.In fact, as skilled in the art will be aware of, metal material can be included in radio frequency (RF) frequency band and show to obtain the material as conductor.For example, metal material can comprise liquid crystal display (LCD) because micro-electric wire is embedded in glass, for electromagnetic wave, will show as conductive plate.

Referring now to Fig. 5, in a further exemplary embodiment, mobile radio communication apparatus 30 " " comprise multi-layer PCB 32 " ", multi-layer PCB 32 " " comprise the first conductive layer 51 " " (, ground level), dielectric layer 54 " " and by second medium layer 53 " " with the second conductive layer 52 of the first conductive layers apart " ".Second medium layer 53 " " can be air layer, can be maybe another kind of dielectric material, as skilled in the art will be aware of.Divide current conductor 38 " " coupling the first and second conductive layers 51 " " and 52 " ".The second conductive layer 51 " " can be included in PCB 32 " " on circuit element 36 " " or wire (not shown).

In addition,, in some exemplary embodiments, can carry one or more circuit elements 36 by flexible substrates (not shown).Be additional to PCB's 32 or the flexible circuit substrate that separates with PCB can carries circuit elements 36, or comprise the metal layer as circuit element.Flexible circuit substrate can be for example Kapton ^tM.

Manufacture and the described above similar prototype mobile radio communication apparatus of mobile radio communication apparatus 30, and cover its to simulate portable enclosure of complete metal with copper.Antenna is configured in the GPS frequency of 1.575GHz and operates.PCB has the multiple shunt assemblies that configure with semi-circular, and metal portable enclosure is coupled on the ground level of PCB.

Additionally with reference to the Figure 71 in Fig. 6, illustrate the radiation mode of having measured of prototype gps antenna of this prototype.The gain of having measured is approximately-7.5dBi, and it is relative comparable with the antenna gain of other gps antennas.

Referring now to Fig. 7-8, describe according to another embodiment of the mobile radio communication apparatus 130 of illustrative aspects.Schematically, portable enclosure 131 comprises the becket 145 on the circumference that is positioned in portable enclosure, and becket 145 is configured to the part as antenna.If those skilled in the art will recognize that, to do evil through another person under (hand phantom) condition, becket 145 causes the deterioration that has increased radiance.Place that will contacting metal ring 145 at user's hand, finds to have relatively a large amount of electric currents flowing in becket 145.Therefore, by most of electric current or directing radiation user's hand.

In order to reduce electric current mobile on becket 145, the decline that simultaneously keeps the relatively little (if there is) of antenna radiation performance, by adjacent the side of non-bearing current segment and mobile radio communication apparatus 130.By the cooperation between becket 145, PCB 132 and antenna feed location, create non-bearing current segment.

Becket 145 contacts with PCB 132 via the screw base 146 around becket.By near screw base antenna feed point 146 is insulated, realize non-bearing current segment.Limited the length of non-bearing current segment by the distance on non-bearing current segment between earth point (not being coupled to other three screw base of shunt assembly 138) and loading element (or shunt assembly).In order to create non-bearing current segment, the shunt assembly 138 that becket 145 is coupled to PCB 132 is adjusted, make the propagation constant on becket become imaginary number.Additionally, air gap 149 is on the non-bearing current segment between PCB 132 and becket 145.

Referring now to table 1 and 2, show the result of executed two measurements, one is the non-bearing current segment (table 1) having according to the present embodiment, and another is not have non-current load part (table 2).In fact, those skilled in the art will recognize that, this measurement shows the performance of doing evil through another person that loaded current part does not realize and in frequency range, has improved similar 5dB.

Table 1

Table 2

In some unshowned embodiment, it can be programmable not carrying current segment.In other words, can the part of not carrying electric current be restricted to fixing frequency range.One of skill in the art will appreciate that shunt assembly 38 allows wave vector to finely tune.Correspondingly, shunt assembly 38 can be replaced with to the programmable network equipment, for example, from Japanese Murata Manufacturing, the programmable network equipment that the EpcosAG of Co.Ltd or Germany can buy.

Compare with mobile radio communication apparatus described herein, for example, iPhone ^tM4G uses the structure disconnecting to be used as radiant element or antenna, and it also uses its intrinsic structural metal bar as radiant element.In fact, the becket 145 of the present embodiment is around the whole circumference of mobile radio communication apparatus 130, and on becket, there is no opening or cut-off rule (partingline).Correspondingly, the integrality of portable enclosure 131 remains intact intact.

In addition iPhone, ^tM4G uses the structure band (band) disconnecting to be used as its radiant element, and is adjusted to some frequencies.Relative, in the present embodiment, a part of structure is responsible for radiation.This is to realize by the current segment scheme of not carrying of two dimension (2D) is reduced to one dimension (1D) form.

For example, as F.D.Bennett, P.D.Coleman and A.S.Meier are at " The designof broadband aircraft-antenna systems " (Proceedings of I.R.E., pp.671-700, Oct.1954) and H.G.Booker at " Slot aerials and their relation tocomplementary wire aerials (Babinet ' s principle) " (Journal of I.E.E., no.93, p.620, 1946) disclosed in, for airborne vehicle, guided missile, land/extra large panzer or radar system, develop the known method for wirelessly communicating with the mobile radio communication apparatus with full metal jacket or outer cover.These methods utilize slit (slot) (magnetic current) or exterior antenna to control radiation mode.Can create magnetic current by the slit on conductive plate or gap.In mobile radio communication apparatus, the method is relatively more difficult to realize, because the length of slit is subject to the restriction that equipment size and industrial design require.

In addition, in mobile radio communication apparatus environment, PCB can take on ground level, and in this case, the power of propagating is caught (trap) by parallel-plate TEM pattern, and this makes integral radiation degradation in efficiency.Alternatively, can use exterior antenna, but this may be contrary with current industrial design trend, current industrial design trend expects that all antennas are all within device housings.

The method of manufacturing following mobile radio communication apparatus 30 is paid close attention in method aspect: this Wireless Telecom Equipment 30 comprises portable enclosure 31, portable enclosure 31 comprises that at least one is configured to play the external conductive casing part of antenna function, the wireless transceiver circuitry 33 that printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) 32 that portable enclosure carries and PCB carry, this portable enclosure 31 also comprises at least one circuit element 36 being carried by PCB.The method comprises at least one shunt assembly 38 is coupling between this at least one current-carrying part 31 and this at least one circuit element 36.

With reference now to the exemplary mobile radio communication apparatus 1000 shown in Fig. 9,, the example components using in the various embodiment of above-mentioned mobile radio communication apparatus is described.Equipment 1000 schematically comprises shell 1200, keyboard 1400 and output equipment 1600.Shown output equipment is display 1600, and it can comprise full graphic LCD.In certain embodiments, display 1600 can comprise touch-sensitive input and output device.Alternatively, can use the output equipment of other types.Treatment facility 1800 is included in shell 1200 and is coupling between keyboard 1400 and display 1600.Treatment facility 1800 is controlled the operation of display 1600, and the integrated operation of mobile device 1000, to respond the actuation of keys of user on keyboard 1400.In certain embodiments, keyboard 1400 can comprise physical keyboard or dummy keyboard (for example, using touch-sensitive interface) or both comprise.

Shell 1200 can stretched vertically, maybe can adopt other size and dimensions (for example, comprising flip-shell shell mechanism).Keyboard 1400 can comprise mode selecting key or other hardware or software for the switching carried out between text interface and telephony interface.

Except treatment facility 1800, other parts of mobile device 1000 in Fig. 9, are schematically shown.These parts comprise communication subsystem 1001; Short-range communication subsystem 1020; Keyboard 1400 and display 1600, together with other input-output apparatus 1060,1080,1100 and 1200; And memory devices 1160,1180 and various other equipment subsystems 1201.Mobile device 1000 can comprise the two-way RF communication equipment with voice communications versus data communications ability.In addition, mobile device 1000 can have the ability of communicating by letter with other computer systems by the Internet.

The operating system software that treatment facility 1800 is carried out can be stored in non-volatile storage (as flash memory 1160), but also can be stored in the memory device (as read-only memory (ROM) or similar memory element) of other types.In addition, can be by systems soft ware, specific appliance applications or its part are temporarily written into volatile memory (as random access memory (RAM) 1180).The signal of communication that also mobile device can be received is stored in RAM 1180.

Except its operation system function, treatment facility 1800 makes it possible to software application or the module 1300A-1300N (for example,, for carrying out the software module of various steps or operation) on actuating equipment 1000.Can during manufacture the predetermined set of applications of controlling basic device operations (for example, data and voice communication 1300A and 1300B) be loaded on equipment 1000.In addition, personal information management (PIM) application can be installed during manufacture.PIM can organization and management data item (as Email, calendar events, voice mail, appointment and task items).PIM application can also be via wireless network 1401 item that transmits and receive data.By wireless network 1401, pim data item can with equipment user be stored in the corresponding data being associated on host computer system or with host computer system carry out seamless integrated, synchronize and upgrade.

By communication subsystem 1001 and probably by short-range communication subsystem executive communication function (comprising data and voice communication).Communication subsystem 1001 comprises receiver 1500, transmitter 1520 and one or more antenna 1540 and 1560.In addition, communication subsystem 1001 also comprises processing module (as digital signal processor (DSP) 1580) and local oscillator (LO) 1601.The particular design of communication subsystem 1001 and realizing depends on that mobile communication equipment 1000 expects the communication network at work place.For example, mobile device 1000 can comprise communication subsystem 1001, and communication subsystem 1001 is designed to and Mobitex ^tM, Data TAC ^tMor GPRS (GPRS) mobile data communication network works together, can also be designed to work together with multiple voice communication network (as AMPS, TDMA, CDMA, WCDMA, PCS, GSM, EDGE etc.).The data and voice network of other types no matter be independent or integrated, also can be used together with mobile device.Mobile device 1000 can also be followed other communication standards (as GSM, 3G, UMTS, 4G etc.).

Network insertion requires according to the type of communication system and difference.For example, in Mobitex and DataTAC network, mobile device uses the unique individual's identification code or the PIN that are associated with each equipment to register in network.But in GPRS network, network insertion is associated with subscriber or the user of equipment.Therefore, in order to work in GPRS network, GPRS equipment user identity module (being commonly referred to SIM card).

After desired network registry or activation complete, mobile device 1000 can send and receiving communication signal on communication network 1401.The signal that antenna 1540 is received from communication network 1401 is sent to receiver 1500, and receiver 1500 provides the functions such as signal amplification, down-conversion, filtering, channel selection, and analog-digital conversion function can also be provided.Analog-to-digital conversion to received signal makes DSP 1580 can carry out more complicated communication function, as demodulation code.In a similar fashion, DSP 1580 processes (as modulation and coding) to sending to the signal of network 1401, then offer transmitter 1520 to carry out digital-to-analogue conversion, up-conversion, filtering, amplification and to send to communication network 1401 (or multiple network) via antenna 1560.

Except process communication signals, DSP 1580 provides the control to receiver 1500 and transmitter 1520.For example, the automatic gaining controling algorithm that can realize by DSP 1580 is controlled at the gain that is applied to signal of communication in receiver 1500 and transmitter 1520 adaptively.

Under data communication mode, treatment facility 1800 is processed and be imported into the signal (as the webpage of text message or download) receiving by communication subsystem 1001.Treatment facility 1800 is further processed to the received signal, to output to display 1600, or alternatively outputs to other exterior I/O equipment 1060.Equipment user can also use keyboard 1400 and/or certain other auxiliary I/O equipment 1060 (as touch pad, the input equipment of rocker switch, finger wheel or other types) to write data item (as email message).Then, can on communication network 1401, send via communication subsystem 1001 data item writing.

Under voice communication mode, except the signal receiving is outputed to loud speaker 1100, produced outside the signal for sending by microphone 1120, all operation of equipment is identical with data communication mode in fact.Alternative voice or audio frequency I/O subsystem (as speech message is recorded subsystem) also can be realized on equipment 1000.In addition, display 1600 can also use under voice communication mode, for example duration of display of calling user's identity, audio call or the relevant information of other audio calls.

Short-range communication subsystem makes between mobile device 1000 and other systems of closing on and equipment (and needing not be similar equipment), to communicate.For example, short-range communication subsystem 1020 can comprise infrared equipment and relevant circuit and assembly, near-field communication (NFC) or Bluetooth ^tMcommunication module, to provide and to support the system of similar functions and communicating by letter of equipment.

With reference now to Figure 10-12,, can be with above-mentioned shunt assembly embodiment independently in another embodiment, mobile radio communication apparatus 230 schematically comprises portable enclosure 231, and portable enclosure 231 comprises the conduction continuous loop 245 that the circumference of portable enclosure is limited.Conduction continuous loop 245 is configured to play to the function of antenna.For example, conduction continuous loop 245 can comprise metal.Conduction continuous loop 245 can be another kind of electric conducting material, and this those skilled in the art will recognize that.

It is entrained that printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) 232 illustratively also is portable enclosure 231.PCB232 comprises the conductive layer 251 (Figure 11) that dielectric layer 258 and the ground level that dielectric layer is carried limit.Wireless transceiver circuitry 233 is by antenna that PCB 232 carries and is coupled to or conduction continuous loop 245.For example, wireless transceiver circuitry 232 can be configured to work on 3.25GHz frequency range at 800MHz.Wireless transceiver circuitry 233 can be configured to work in other frequency ranges.Additional or the second antenna 235 are coupled to wireless transceiver circuitry 233.Together with the antenna that the second antenna 235 can be provided with conduction continuous loop 245, use or separate use, to carry out radio communication.

Separated conduction short-circuit part is coupling between conduction continuous loop 245 and ground level 251.Particularly, mechanical type fastener 246b-246e (, with corresponding screw terminal (screwterminal) or the screw of base cooperation) conducts electricity, and is shorted to ground level 251.Conduction short-circuit part also comprises conductor wire 247a, the 247b (Figure 12) that conduction continuous loop 245 are shorted to ground level 251.Metal tap 252 (tap) is also shorted to conduction continuous loop 245 ground level 251 (Figure 12).Certainly, can use the conduction short-circuit part of other types.In addition, can use combination in any and the arbitrary number of dissimilar conduction short-circuit part, this will be that those skilled in the art can recognize.

(about the ground) parts of also electricity being floated are coupled between conduction continuous loop 245 and PCB 232.Particularly, one or more mechanical type fasteners 246 (for example, 246a, 246f) can be that electricity is floated.Particularly, electric floating element 246a, 246f advantageously guide electric current by conducting electricity continuous loop 245 or antenna together with conduction short-circuit part 246b-246e, 247a, 247b, 252, and this will be that those skilled in the art can recognize.In fact,, by guiding electric current by conduction continuous loop 245, can regulate its radiation mode, for improved communication.One of skill in the art will appreciate that and can change conduction short-circuit part and electric floating element, or for the desired sense of current, it is configured.In other words, can by mechanical type fastener 246 and/or miscellaneous part be configured to electrical short or electricity is floated, and additional or other short-circuit part can be included in to desired position.

PCB 232 and conduction continuous loop 245 are carried out schematically placing to limit air gap 249 therebetween.For example, for not carrying current segment with conduction short-circuit part and the electricity partial cooperative of floating to create, air gap 249 can be particularly advantageous.For example, mobile radio communication apparatus 230 can also be included in the dielectric material body 253 between PCB 232 and conduction continuous loop 245.

Form prototype mobile radio communication apparatus.The PCB layout (Figure 13) of this prototype comprises battery connector (not shown).The plus end of battery connector is coupled to ground by bridging condenser (not shown).Bridging condenser to real system behavior imitate, in this actual system action, plus end is capacitive at RF frequency place.The PCB layout of prototype also comprises reconfigurable antenna feed 255 ' and the reconfigurable loud speaker feed 254 ' (Figure 13) with choke (not shown).If use loud speaker feed 254 ' that a part for antenna current is diverted to PCB 232 ', can improve the performance of high band.

In addition, observe, high band resonances and rdaiation response are mainly subject to strap 247b in the second layer or the control (Figure 12) of wire.For example, by regulating the width (Figure 12) of the wire 247a in ground floor, can realize high band fine setting.For low-frequency range response, high expectations is shorted to the ground tap 252 (Figure 12) of conduction continuous loop 245.In table 3, list the measurement result obtaining from prototype below.

Table 3

, additionally with reference to the figure in Figure 14, show the response S measuring in the situation that there is no loudspeaker module and antenna now ₂₁.Should be noted that, portable enclosure 231 also comprises for the NCVM of NVCM plate 257 and digs disconnected (cutout).Also show the response S measuring in the situation that additionally removes loud speaker spring (speaker spring) ₂₂.In fact,, in the time removing loud speaker spring, increased about 1 to 1.8dB at the gain response at about 2.0GHz place.

Particularly, refer again to Figure 10, about the ground connection of conduction continuous loop 245, conduction continuous loop has polytype deterioration.For example, in the time that two mechanical type fasteners or screw and corresponding screw terminal 246a, 246f are shorted to ground, it has limited the bandwidth of this antenna conventionally.But in the time that two mechanical type fastener 246a, 246f are floated, it for example, has introduced destructive interference in low-frequency range (, about 800MHz).

Can alleviate this destructive interference by short circuit being incorporated at 255 places, position between conduction continuous loop 245 and ground level 251.Can will conduct electricity continuous loop 245 short circuits at 255 places, position by above-mentioned arbitrary structures, for example, the structural support of machanical fastener, wire, conduction etc.Although may not eliminate the transmission line effect between PCB 232 and conduction continuous loop 245 completely in the short circuit at 255 places, position, it is transferred to this destructive interference outside working frequency range conventionally.Mechanical type fastener 246b, 246e provide additional short circuit, to obtain the operating characteristic of expectation.Certainly, can change quantity or the position of short circuit, to obtain desired operating characteristic.

About loud speaker external member 256 (Figure 13), loud speaker (not shown) produces relatively little skew in the frequency response of antenna 245.For example, for planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA), in the time there is loud speaker, there is decline near the second resonance point about 1.7GHz conventionally in frequency.Between two structural speaker support brackets, produce short circuit by placing Ferrite Material, also can copy this phenomenon.

In the time introducing retainer (retainer), high band response is shifted lowlyer, and has reduced gain.About loud speaker feed ground connection 259 (Figure 12), there is RF electric current to flow into the first and second layer conductor 247a, 247b.Place 180pF capacitor by two loud speaker spring two ends on PCB 232, high band response increases about 0.3dB.In addition, choke inductance being reduced to 27nH from 68nH disturbs low-frequency range to transfer to 1.1GHz from about 780MHz.This has reduced the second low-frequency range interference, and this second low-frequency range is disturbed and shielded (Figure 10) by the transmission line effect at screw and terminal 246a, 246b and 255 places, position at first.

The method of manufacturing mobile radio communication apparatus 230 can be paid close attention in method aspect.The method comprises that formation has the portable enclosure 231 of conduction continuous loop 245, and conduction continuous loop 245 limits the circumference of shell.Conduction continuous loop 245 is configured to play to the function of antenna.The method also comprises printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) 232 is placed in portable enclosure 231, and comprises the conductive layer that ground level 251 is limited.The method also comprises that the wireless transceiver circuitry 233 that PCB 232 is carried is coupled to antenna 245.The method is also included at least one conduction short-circuit part 246,247,252 that is coupled between conduction continuous loop 245 and ground level 251.

From the enlightenment that description above and relevant drawings present, be benefited, it may occur to persons skilled in the art that multiple amendment and other embodiment.Therefore, should be appreciated that the disclosure should not be restricted to disclosed specific embodiment, but be intended to comprise amendment and embodiment.

Claims (13)

1. a mobile radio communication apparatus, comprising:

Portable enclosure, comprises conduction continuous loop, and described conduction continuous loop limits the circumference of described portable enclosure, and described conduction continuous loop is configured to play the function of antenna;

The printed circuit board (PCB) being carried by described portable enclosure, described printed circuit board (PCB) comprises the conductive layer that defines ground level;

The wireless transceiver circuitry of being carried by described printed circuit board (PCB), described wireless transceiver circuitry is electrically coupled to described antenna;

At least one conductive mechanical securing member, is coupling between described conduction continuous loop and described ground level electronically and mechanically; And

At least one other conductive mechanical securing member, is mechanically coupling between described conduction continuous loop and described printed circuit board (PCB), but is not electrically coupled to described printed circuit board (PCB).

2. mobile radio communication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, described at least one conductive mechanical securing member comprises multiple conductive mechanical securing members.

3. mobile radio communication apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, described multiple conductive mechanical securing members are isolated.

4. mobile radio communication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, described conduction continuous loop comprises metal.

5. mobile radio communication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, settles described printed circuit board (PCB) and described conduction continuous loop, to limit the air gap between described printed circuit board (PCB) and described conduction continuous loop.

6. mobile radio communication apparatus according to claim 1, also comprises: the dielectric material body between described printed circuit board (PCB) and described conduction continuous loop.

7. mobile radio communication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, described wireless transceiver circuitry is configured to operate in the frequency range from 800MHz to 3.25GHz.

8. a method of manufacturing mobile radio communication apparatus, comprising:

Formation has the portable enclosure of conduction continuous loop, and described conduction continuous loop defines the circumference of described portable enclosure, and described conduction continuous loop is configured to play the function of antenna;

Printed circuit board (PCB) is placed in described portable enclosure, and described printed circuit board (PCB) comprises the conductive layer that defines ground level;

The wireless transceiver circuitry of being carried by described printed circuit board (PCB) is electrically coupled to described antenna;

At least one conductive mechanical securing member is coupling between described conduction continuous loop and described ground level electronically and mechanically; And

At least one other conductive mechanical securing member is mechanically coupling between described conduction continuous loop and described printed circuit board (PCB), makes described at least one other conductive mechanical securing member not be electrically coupled to described printed circuit board (PCB).

9. method according to claim 8, wherein, described at least one the conductive mechanical securing member of coupling comprises: multiple conductive mechanical securing members are coupled.

10. method according to claim 9, wherein, described multiple conductive mechanical securing members are isolated.

11. methods according to claim 8, wherein, described conduction continuous loop comprises metal.

12. methods according to claim 8, also comprise: settle described printed circuit board (PCB), to limit the air gap between itself and described conduction continuous loop.

13. methods according to claim 8, also comprise: dielectric material body is placed between described printed circuit board (PCB) and described conduction continuous loop.