CN102363152A - Production equipment of steel for non-cold processing joint - Google Patents
Production equipment of steel for non-cold processing joint Download PDFInfo
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- CN102363152A CN102363152A CN2011103129010A CN201110312901A CN102363152A CN 102363152 A CN102363152 A CN 102363152A CN 2011103129010 A CN2011103129010 A CN 2011103129010A CN 201110312901 A CN201110312901 A CN 201110312901A CN 102363152 A CN102363152 A CN 102363152A
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
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Abstract
The invention discloses production equipment of steel for non-cold processing joint. A finished product front rolling mill of a hot rolling continuous mill and a finished product rolling mill are improved. According to the production equipment disclosed by the invention, fine-thread steel with high precision can be rolled by using a hot rolling process and is formed in one step without secondary processing; and the production equipment has high production efficiency and low production cost and is beneficial to scale application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technology of rock-soil anchoring and constructional engineering, in particular to production equipment of steel for non-cold-processing connection.
Background
In social infrastructure, construction projects such as roads, railways, bridges, tunnels, mines, dams and the like cannot leave steel, and various bar steels are indispensable in the infrastructure. Taking mine engineering as an example, mine tunnels are positioned in a certain geological environment, underground rock masses form various structural planes in long and complex geological motion, and are easy to crack, and particularly in the middle and later stages of engineering excavation, due to the fact that stress fields are redistributed caused by load changes near working faces, structural planes or weak parts in the rock masses move under stress, and the structural planes or the weak parts are transformed into macroscopic fracture of the rock masses from small creep deformation, so that engineering accidents are caused. In order to prevent such accidents, various bar steel is commonly utilized in engineering to anchor surrounding rocks of mine roadways, namely, one end of the bar steel is driven into a rock body and is solidified with the rock body, the tail end of the bar steel is exposed and fixed by a fastening member, and the stress state of the rock body in a certain range in the surrounding rocks is changed from unidirectional (or bidirectional) compression into three-directional compression through the axial acting force of the bar steel, so that the annular compression strength of the rock body is improved, the rock body is actively supported and restrained, and the rock body is prevented from collapsing.
The commonly used bar steel is mainly various deformed steel bars, but the deformed steel bars are difficult to be directly matched with the fastening components, so secondary cold machining is needed to be carried out on the tail end of the bar body to form tail threads, and the tail threads can be matched with the fastening components to realize fastening. Two machining methods are commonly adopted, one is a machine tool turning method, and the other is a rolling wire method. The turning method can reduce the sectional area of the turned part, reduce the bearing capacity and reduce the overall performance of the deformed steel bar; the rolling method also causes the reduction of the cross section area of the tail thread, the reduction of the bearing capacity, the concentration of steel stress and the poor elongation, and the tail is often brittle failure when the dynamic load is larger. No matter which kind of cold working means is adopted, the overall performance of the deformed steel bar can form a bottleneck at the tail thread part, the length of the tail thread section of the deformed steel bar is limited (generally 100mm), and when the rib is formed on surrounding rocks so that the exposed length of the tail part is too long, the deformed steel bar cannot be contacted with a rock surface even if the fastening nut is screwed to the bottom, and the anchoring failure is caused. In addition, when a plurality of steel bars are required to be connected for use, the threaded steel is difficult to realize connection for use through threaded connection due to different head and tail thread pitches.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a production facility for a non-cold working steel for joining, which is capable of rolling a high-precision steel for small screw joining. The production equipment of the non-cold-working steel for connection comprises a finished product rolling mill and a finished product front rolling mill, wherein the finished product rolling mill comprises a direct current motor, a speed reducer, a distribution box, a universal shaft, a tooth adjuster, a clearance compensator and a roller; the direct current motor, the speed reducer and the distribution box are connected through a coupler, the distribution box is connected with the roller through a universal shaft, a tooth adjuster and a clearance compensator A are arranged on the universal shaft, a clearance compensator B is arranged in the distribution box, the roller of the finished product rolling mill is provided with a transverse rib rolling groove, and the transverse rib rolling groove forms a spiral line on the same spiral surface; the gear adjuster comprises a left disc and a right disc, the two discs are provided with corresponding convex parts, the convex parts are in an arc shape less than a semicircle, a gap is arranged between the convex parts, the two discs form a revolute pair by an intermediate shaft, the convex part of the left disc is provided with an adjusting pin, the corresponding position of the convex part of the right disc is provided with a groove, the left disc is fixedly connected with a gear output shaft in the distribution box, and the right disc is fixedly connected with a universal shaft; the clearance compensator A is a single gear, is arranged at the end part of the spline housing of the universal shaft, has the same modulus and the same tooth number as the spline housing, and is meshed with the spline housing and the spline shaft of the universal shaft; the clearance compensator B comprises a first gear, a second gear and a third gear, the first gear is fixedly connected with an input shaft of the transmission gear, the third gear is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the transmission gear, the output shaft of the transmission gear is fixedly connected with the universal shaft, the first gear and the third gear are both meshed with the second gear, and a spring and a bevel pin are arranged between the first gear and the third gear; the roll pass of the finished product front rolling mill is a special-shaped pass, the middle part of the cross section of a rolled piece is flatter, two ends of the cross section of the rolled piece are protruded, and the size of the special-shaped pass of the finished product front rolling mill corresponds to that of the finished product rolling mill; and a guide member is arranged between the finished product pre-rolling mill and the finished product rolling mill.
Has the advantages that:
the hole patterns of the finished product front rolling mill and the finished product rolling mill of the production equipment are corresponding in size, and the production equipment is provided with the tooth adjuster and the clearance compensator, so that the rolling equipment does not deform or dislocate teeth after long-time operation, and is high in rolling precision and low in production cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a non-cold-worked coupling steel.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a thread structure of a non-cold-worked coupling steel.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a non-cold-worked coupling steel.
FIG. 4 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a non-cold-worked coupling steel.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a finishing mill.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the rolls of the finishing mill.
Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a left disc of the gear adjuster.
Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of a right disc of the gear adjuster.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a gap compensator in a distributor box.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a lash compensator on a cardan shaft.
FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a flat steel rolled by the rolling mill before finishing.
Wherein, D1-thread bottom diameter (nominal diameter), D2-thread pitch diameter, L-thread pitch, H-thread tooth height, beta-tooth form angle, 1-DC motor, 2-coupler, 3-speed reducer, 4-coupler, 5-distribution box, 6-clearance compensator, 7-universal shaft, 8-roller and 9-tooth adjuster
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the transverse ribs on the rolled steel rodless rod body for non-cold-working connection form spiral lines on the same spiral surface, and a matched nut can be screwed at any position of the rod body without secondary cold working.
Fig. 2 shows a thread structure of a non-cold-working coupling steel, where L is a pitch, and L is 4 ± 2 mm; preferably, the pitch L is 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6 mm.
FIG. 3 shows a cross-section of a non-cold-worked coupling steel, wherein H is the thread height of the thread, and H is 1.0 mm. ltoreq.H.ltoreq.1.7 mm; preferably, the tooth height H is 1.0mm, 1.2mm, 1.4mm, 1.5 mm.
As shown in fig. 4, the longitudinal section of the non-cold-working coupling steel has a trapezoidal thread profile, and β is a profile angle which is an angle between extensions of both side surfaces of the trapezoidal thread; preferably, the profile angle β is 60 °.
The present invention takes into account the lead angle γ in addition to the pitch L and the height H of the thread. The lead angle gamma is the included angle between the tangent line of the spiral line and the plane vertical to the thread axis on the medium diameter cylinder or the medium diameter cone,the calculation formula is as follows: gamma-arc tan (L/pi D)2) Wherein D is2Is the pitch diameter of the thread. When the thread pitch L is 4mm and the thread height H is 1.4mm, the values of the nominal rod diameter D1 and the lead angle γ are:
| nominal diameter D1(mm) | 16 | 18 | 20 | 22 |
| Thread lead angle gamma (degree) | 4.18 | 3.76 | 3.41 | 3.12 |
The product with the nominal diameter D1 being 20mm, the thread pitch L being 4mm, the thread height H being 1.4mm, the lead angle γ being 3.41 ° and the thread form angle β being 60 ° was measured as an example, and the product weighed 2.64 kg/m. If the same effect is realized by adopting the thread turning process of the tail part of the common deformed steel bar, the bottom diameter D1 of the turned tail thread is not less than 20mm, and related data show that the corresponding thread is a fine thread with the diameter of M22 multiplied by 1.5, namely the bottom diameter D1 of the deformed steel bar used for turning is 22mm at least, and the metric weight of the deformed steel bar is 2.98kg/M on the ideal premise that the ovality of the deformed steel bar and the weight of transverse ribs are not counted. As can be seen, the steel material can be saved by 0.34kg for every 1m of non-cold-working coupling steel, namely, the steel material can be saved by 11.4 percent compared with the prior screw-thread steel, and the proportion is enlarged if the actual situation is considered.
When the non-cold-working connecting steel is used, one end of the non-cold-working connecting steel is driven into the surrounding rock and is fixedly combined with the surrounding rock into a whole, and fastening parts (such as anchor discs, nuts and the like) are additionally arranged on the exposed part of the rod body according to the surrounding rock conditions for fastening. The reliable thread self-locking performance of the product avoids the fastening nut from falling off, and the safety is improved. Because the transverse ribs on the rod body form spiral lines on the same spiral surface, when the surrounding rock is stripped and the anchoring fails, the fastening parts can continuously follow and fasten again without secondary anchoring, thereby greatly saving steel and reducing the engineering cost.
The rolling equipment comprises:
the invention relates to a production device of steel for non-cold-working connection, which comprises a finished product rolling mill K1 and a finished product pre-rolling mill K2, wherein a roller of the finished product pre-rolling mill K2 is provided with a special-shaped hole pattern, a rolled piece rolled by the roller is flat steel, the hole pattern of the finished product rolling mill K1 is a hole pattern in which transverse rib grooves form spiral lines on the same spiral surface, a tooth adjuster and a clearance compensator are arranged on the finished product rolling mill K1, the transverse ribs on a rod body of the finished product deformed steel form spiral lines on the same spiral surface, the thread pitch is 4 +/-2 mm, the thread lead angle is not more than 6 degrees, and the thread height of the threads is between 1.0mm and 1..
Fig. 5 shows the structure of a finishing mill K1, which includes a dc motor, a speed reducer, a distribution box, a cardan shaft, a gear adjuster, a clearance compensator, and two rolls. The direct current motor, the speed reducer and the distribution box are connected through a coupling, the distribution box is connected with the roller through a universal shaft, a gear adjuster is arranged on the universal shaft, and a gap compensator is respectively arranged in the distribution box and on the universal shaft.
Fig. 6 shows the roll of the finishing mill K1, the grooves of which are thread grooves, and the surface of the concave part of the grooves is uniformly distributed with transverse female threads. In order to make the roll pass of finishing mill K1 a continuous thread pass so that the transverse ribs on the threaded steel shank form a helix on the same helix, a tooth adjuster and a clearance compensator are provided in finishing mill K1, which are used to control the relative position of the rolls.
Regarding the gear adjuster, it is used for adjusting the position of one of the rolls to control the relative position of the two rolls. The gear adjuster comprises a left disc and a right disc, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the two discs are provided with corresponding convex parts, the convex parts are not arc-shaped, gaps are arranged between the convex parts, the two discs form a revolute pair through an intermediate shaft, the convex part of the left disc is provided with an adjusting pin which is positioned in a preset through hole, the right half part of the right disc is provided with a groove at a corresponding position, the adjusting pin abuts against the groove of the right disc, the left disc is fixedly connected with a gear output shaft in the distribution box, and the right disc is fixedly connected with a universal shaft of an upper roller.
The gear adjuster is used for fine adjustment of the universal shaft by adjusting the relative positions of the left disc and the right disc, so that fine adjustment of the roller is realized, and the specific method comprises the following steps: and adjusting an adjusting pin on the left disc, rotating the right disc relative to the left disc, driving an upper roller connected with the right disc to rotate through a universal shaft, correspondingly slightly displacing the transverse female threads of the thread grooves of the upper roller, and keeping the lower roller static, so that the relative positions of the transverse female threads of the upper roller and the transverse female threads of the lower roller are adjusted for multiple times until continuous thread passes are formed. Preferably, the adjusting range of the adjusting pin is 0-L.
Regarding the backlash compensator, the function is to eliminate the backlash in advance because the gear is engaged with the backlash, and if the roll pass is adjusted without considering the influence of the backlash, the two rolls are misaligned, resulting in discontinuous threads. Fig. 9 shows the structure of a clearance compensator installed in a distribution box, which consists of three gears, a gear 12 is fixedly connected with an input shaft of the distribution box, the input shaft is simultaneously used as an output shaft to be connected with a universal shaft, a gear 11 is fixedly connected with another output shaft of the distribution box, the another output shaft is fixedly connected with another universal shaft, and a gear 10 is hinged with the input shaft and can rotate by taking the input shaft as an axis. Gear 11 meshes with both gears 12 and 10. A belleville spring is arranged between the gears 10 and 12, and provides force for the gear 10 to rotate relative to the gear 12, so that the meshing surfaces of the gears 10 and 11 are in a strict meshing state before the input shaft does not rotate, and the meshing surfaces of the gears 11 and 12 are also in a strict meshing state, and the effect of eliminating the gear clearance in advance is achieved. Taking fig. 9 as an example, the meshing surfaces of the gears 10 and 11 and the meshing surfaces of the gears 11 and 12 are two tooth surfaces of the same notch of the gear 11, and assuming that the center plane of the notch coincides with the paper surface, if the direction of the transmission torque is inward of the paper surface perpendicularly, the meshing surfaces of the gears 12 and 11 are tooth surfaces below the paper surface, and the meshing surfaces of the gears 11 and 10 are tooth surfaces above the paper surface. The working principle of the clearance compensator is as follows: the pretightening force provided by the belleville springs enables the three gears to be meshed in pairs without side gaps, and after the rotating torque is input, the gear 12 drives the gear 11 to rotate and transmits the torque to the two rollers through the universal shaft. The clearance compensator can lead the meshing part of the gear to be strictly meshed in advance, and ensures no gear backlash in long-term operation, thereby keeping the relative position of the two rollers unchanged all the time, and leading rolled threads not to deform and not to stagger teeth.
In addition, in order to eliminate the clearance between the spline shaft and the spline housing of the universal shaft, a clearance compensator is also arranged on the universal shaft. The clearance compensator on the cardan shaft has the same operating principle as the clearance compensator in the distributor box, but has a different structure.
The end part of the spline sleeve of the universal shaft is provided with a flange plate, a clearance compensator on the universal shaft is of an annular structure, an inner ring is a spline groove, the modulus and the tooth number of the spline groove are the same as those of the spline sleeve, an outer ring is of a flange structure (shown in figure 10) corresponding to the flange plate at the end part of the spline sleeve, the compensator is sleeved on the spline shaft and is connected with the flange plate of the spline sleeve through inclined hole bolts, and the inclined hole bolts are utilized to provide torque for the spline sleeve, so that the spline sleeve and the spline shaft are always strictly meshed, and the purpose of eliminating the transmission clearance is.
For the pre-finishing rolling mill K2, unlike the conventional oval roll pass, the rolls of the pre-finishing rolling mill K2 have special-shaped pass, the rolled piece is flat steel, and the cross section of the rolled piece is in a shape that the middle part is flat and the two ends are protruded (as shown in FIG. 11). In order to ensure the rolling precision, finished deformed steel bars with different sizes correspond to finished front flat steel bars with different sizes.
The guide member is arranged because the flat steel before finished product is sent into the finished product rolling mill K1 after the guide position to meet the rolling requirement. The guide member is a device which is arranged before and after the roll pass in the section steel rolling process and helps rolled pieces to accurately and stably enter and exit the roll pass according to a set direction and state. The inlet end of the guide member is a round hole with a larger diameter, the outlet end of the guide member is a long round hole and correspondingly twisted for a certain angle, and the middle part of the guide member is in smooth transition. In a specific embodiment, a first guide member is provided at the outlet of the pre-finishing mill K2 and a second guide member is provided at the inlet of the finishing mill K1. During operation, rolled pieces are rolled by a finished product pre-rolling mill K2 to be flat steel, horizontally enter a first guide member, are twisted by 45 degrees and then enter a second guide member, and are vertically rotated by 45 degrees and then enter a finished product rolling mill K1. Therefore, the flat steel rolled by the pre-product rolling mill K2 is axially twisted by 90 degrees by the first guide member and the second guide member and then is sent to the product rolling mill K1.
The design of the profiled pass of the pre-finishing mill K2 roll takes into account the lateral and longitudinal flow of the product after it enters the finishing mill K1. Specifically, taking a finished product deformed steel bar with a nominal diameter of 20mm as an example, the dimension of the finished product front flat steel is 31 x 13mm, the finished product front flat steel bar is sent into a thread rolling groove of a finished product rolling mill K1 to be longitudinally pressed, a steel material extends in the transverse direction, and threads are generated at the same time; due to the special size of the flat steel, the degree of transverse extension of a rolled piece is controlled, no longitudinal rib is guaranteed to be generated, more importantly, the finished product rolling mill K1 rolls fine threads with the thread pitch of less than 6mm, the tooth height of more than 1.0mm and the helix angle of less than 6 degrees, if the corresponding relation of the sizes of the rolled piece and the groove cannot be strictly met, the degree of transverse and longitudinal flowing of steel cannot be controlled, defective products with incomplete thread rolling can be generated, and even threads with shapes cannot be rolled.
In addition, in order to reduce the displacement of the roller in the vertical direction, the roller pull rod of the finished rolling mill K1 is provided with 8 fastening nuts which are respectively fastened in the bearing seats of the upper roller and the lower roller, so that the pre-tightening force of the roller can be increased, the rigidity of the rolling mill is improved, the bounce of the roller is eliminated to a certain extent, the stability of the rolling mill in long-time operation is kept, and the rolling precision of the long-time operation is improved. Preferably, the whole width of the roller of the finished product rolling mill K1 is shortened by about 100mm compared with the 500mm of the conventional roller, so that the flexibility of the roller can be reduced, and the rolling precision of long-time operation can be improved.
The operation flow is as follows:
taking the non-cold-working coupling steel with the rolling nominal diameter D1 being 20mm, the screw pitch L being 4mm and the tooth height H being 1.4mm as an example, the steel billet with the size of 150 multiplied by 2000mm and the initial rolling temperature being 1200 and 1250 ℃ is continuously rolled by a 7-pass initial rolling mill to obtain a rolled piece with a quadrangular cross section (60 multiplied by 60mm), and then the rolled piece is rolled by a 4-pass intermediate rolling mill with the intermediate rolling temperature being 1000 and 1150 ℃ to obtain a rolled piece with a circular cross section (35 multiplied by 35mm), and the rolled piece enters a finish rolling stage; 4 finishing mills are used, the rolled piece after the previous two finishing passes is sent into a finished product front rolling mill K2, a finished product front flat steel (13 multiplied by 31mm) is obtained by the rolling of special-shaped hole patterns, the finished product front flat steel enters a finished product rolling mill K1 after the guiding of a guide member, the finish rolling temperature is above 850 ℃, the finished product rolling mill K1 rolls the finished product front flat steel into non-cold-working connecting steel with the nominal diameter D1 being 20mm, the thread pitch L being 4mm and the tooth height H being 1.4mm, and then the steel is cooled, packed and warehoused. In the operation process, the relative position of the thread grooves of the upper roller and the lower roller is changed by adjusting a tooth adjuster of the finishing mill K1, so that the rollers form transverse rib grooves and form a hole pattern of a spiral line on the same spiral surface. The gear clearance is eliminated through clearance compensators in the distribution box and on the universal shaft, the roll pass is maintained, and the rolling precision is ensured.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A production apparatus for a non-cold working steel for joining, comprising: a finishing mill and a pre-finishing mill, wherein,
the finished product rolling mill comprises a direct current motor, a speed reducer, a distribution box, a universal shaft, a gear adjuster, a clearance compensator and a roller; the direct current motor, the speed reducer and the distribution box are connected through a coupler, the distribution box is connected with the roller through a universal shaft, a tooth adjuster and a clearance compensator A are arranged on the universal shaft, a clearance compensator B is arranged in the distribution box, the roller of the finished product rolling mill is provided with a transverse rib rolling groove, and the transverse rib rolling groove forms a spiral line on the same spiral surface; wherein,
the gear adjuster comprises a left disc and a right disc, the two discs are provided with corresponding convex parts, the convex parts are in an arc shape less than a semicircle, a gap is arranged between the convex parts, the two discs form a revolute pair by an intermediate shaft, the convex part of the left disc is provided with an adjusting pin, a groove is arranged at the corresponding position of the convex part of the right disc, the left disc is fixedly connected with a gear output shaft in the distribution box, and the right disc is fixedly connected with a universal shaft; and the number of the first and second groups,
the clearance compensator A is a single gear, is arranged at the end part of the spline housing of the universal shaft, has the same modulus and the same tooth number as the spline housing, and is meshed with the spline housing and the spline shaft of the universal shaft; and the number of the first and second groups,
the clearance compensator B comprises a first gear, a second gear and a third gear, the first gear is fixedly connected with an input shaft of the transmission gear, the third gear is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the transmission gear, the output shaft of the transmission gear is fixedly connected with the universal shaft, the first gear and the third gear are both meshed with the second gear, and a spring and a bevel pin are arranged between the first gear and the third gear; and,
the roll pass of the finished product front rolling mill is a special-shaped pass, the middle part of the cross section of a rolled piece is flatter, two ends of the cross section of the rolled piece are protruded, and the size of the special-shaped pass of the finished product front rolling mill corresponds to that of the finished product rolling mill; and the number of the first and second groups,
a guide component is arranged between the finished product pre-rolling mill and the finished product rolling mill.
2. The production apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the finishing mill further comprises a fastening nut fastened in a roll chock of the finishing mill.
3. The production facility of claim 1, wherein the width of the rolls of the finishing mill is shortened by about 100mm compared to conventional rolls.
4. The production apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the guide members comprise a first guide member and a second guide member, which are respectively located at an outlet of the pre-finishing mill and an inlet of the finishing mill, and the twist angles of the first and second guide members are both 45 °.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109226614A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-01-18 | 山东焱鑫矿用材料加工有限公司 | A kind of molding milling train and control method rolling double rotational directions thread connection steel part |
| CN110421007A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-11-08 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | The method of milling train, the continuous rolling production line with the milling train and rolled threaded steel |
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| CN201333466Y (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2009-10-28 | 河北理工大学 | Device for adjusting circumferential direction of roller |
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| CN201973177U (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2011-09-14 | 重庆齿轮箱有限责任公司 | Combined double helical tooth non-backlash transmission device |
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| CN109226614A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-01-18 | 山东焱鑫矿用材料加工有限公司 | A kind of molding milling train and control method rolling double rotational directions thread connection steel part |
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| CN110421007A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-11-08 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | The method of milling train, the continuous rolling production line with the milling train and rolled threaded steel |
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