CN102362876A - 一种水杉皮提取物及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents
一种水杉皮提取物及其制备方法和用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102362876A CN102362876A CN2011103254364A CN201110325436A CN102362876A CN 102362876 A CN102362876 A CN 102362876A CN 2011103254364 A CN2011103254364 A CN 2011103254364A CN 201110325436 A CN201110325436 A CN 201110325436A CN 102362876 A CN102362876 A CN 102362876A
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- Prior art keywords
- cheng
- metasequoia glyptostroboides
- peel extract
- ethyl acetate
- metasequoia
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种水杉皮提取物及其制备方法和用途,其制备方法包括步骤:(1)将水杉树皮粉末在提取剂中于25℃至回流温度提取2小时~24小时,滤除残渣,得到提取液;所述的提取剂为水、甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、乙酸乙酯中的一种或两种以上的混合溶液;(2)将提取液冷却后过滤,滤液浓缩,得到一次浓缩液;(3)将一次浓缩液经乙酸乙酯萃取,石油醚或氯仿脱脂和干燥,得到水杉皮提取物;或者,将一次浓缩液经大孔吸附树脂柱层析,收集洗脱液经浓缩和干燥,得到水杉皮提取物;该方法操作简单、成本低,无需特殊的设备,适于工业化生产。该水杉皮提取物含有较丰富的原花色素以及多酚酸类成分,具有很强的自由基清除作用和抗氧化能力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药领域,具体涉及一种水杉皮提取物及其制备方法和用途。
背景技术
水杉(Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng)为杉科水杉属植物,为单种属植物,是我国特有的孑遗物种,被称为“活化石”。水杉的化石发现其在中生代白垩纪和新生代广泛分布于北半球,但在第四世纪冰期以后,水杉属的其它种类全部灭绝。在20世纪40年代中期中国的植物学家在湖北、四川及湖南三省交界的局部地区发现水杉。水杉的栽培、繁殖技术成熟使得水杉成为国内主要的园林绿化树种,并在国外约50个国家和地区引种栽培。
据《中国中药资源志要》记载,水杉具有“祛风燥湿,括血止痛”之功效,叶、果实有清热解毒、消炎止痛的功效。水杉叶的化学成分比较复杂,含有黄酮类、萜类(倍半萜、半日花型二萜、松香烷型二萜和三萜等)、木脂素类和甾醇等成分。水杉叶黄酮有高良姜素(5,6,7-Trihydroxyflavone)、橙皮苷(Hesperidin)、芹菜素(Apigenin)、芦丁-7葡萄糖苷(Luteolin-7-glucoside)、五羟黄酮(Tricetin-7-glucoside)、山萘酚-3-鼠李糖苷(Kampferol-3-rhamnoside)、杨梅树皮素-3-鼠李糖苷(Myricetin-3-rhamnoside)、扁柏双黄酮(Hinokiflavon)、异柳杉双黄酮(Isocryptomerin)、阿曼托黄酮(Amentoflavon)、阿曼托黄酮-7″,4″-二甲基醚(Amentoflavon-7″,4″-dimethylather)、金松双黄酮(Sciadopitysin)、2,3-二羟基扁柏双黄酮(2,3-Dihydrohinokiflavon)、2,3-二羟基金松双黄酮(2,3-Dihydrosciadopitysin)等。水杉叶和种子中还有挥发油成分,以萜烯、倍半萜烯及其含氧衍生物为主要成分的油状液体,还存在二苯基甲烷等物质。
关于水杉药理作用研究主要是针对水杉叶中的总黄酮和挥发油的作用。水杉总黄酮具有较好的抗大鼠血小板聚集和改善血液流变性的作用、抗实验性心肌肥厚和心律失常的作用及对缺血再灌注损伤心肌具有保护作用,对胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF1)诱导的乳鼠心肌成纤维细胞增殖和胶原的合成具有抑制作用,对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。水杉叶挥发油具有抗菌和抗氧化活性。而有关水杉树皮的研究未见报道。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种具有很强的自由基清除作用和抗氧化能力的水杉皮提取物。
本发明还提供了一种水杉皮提取物的制备方法,该方法操作简单、成本低,适于工业化生产。
本发明研究发现水杉树皮与文献报道的水杉叶化学成分有很大的差异,其主要含有儿茶素、表儿茶素、棓儿茶素、表棓儿茶素等原花色素单体及其聚合物,以及绿原酸等多酚酸类成分。原花色素,尤其是原花色素的低聚体(OPC),是一种强效的抗氧化剂和自由基清除剂,抗氧化能力是维生素E的50倍,是维生素C的20倍。经过多年的临床试验,世界各国研制出不少以原花色素为主要活性成分的医药产品,如法国海岸松提取物碧萝芷(Pycnogenol)、葡萄籽提取物等,它们是强力的抗氧化剂,具有延缓衰老、抗皱、抗过敏、抗辐射、防治心脑血管疾病等作用。
一种水杉皮提取物的制备方法,包括步骤:
(1)将水杉树皮粉末在提取剂中于25℃至回流温度提取2小时~24小时,滤除残渣,得到提取液;
所述的提取剂为水、甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、乙酸乙酯中的一种或两种以上的混合溶液;
(2)将步骤(1)中的提取液冷却后过滤,滤液浓缩,得到一次浓缩液;
(3)将步骤(2)中的一次浓缩液经乙酸乙酯萃取,乙酸乙酯萃取液经石油醚或氯仿脱脂和干燥,得到水杉皮提取物;
或者,将步骤(2)中的一次浓缩液经大孔吸附树脂柱层析,收集洗脱液经浓缩和干燥,得到水杉皮提取物。
为了达到更好的提取效果,优选:
步骤(1)中,所述的提取剂为水、甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、乙酸乙酯中的一种或水与甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、乙酸乙酯中的一种的混合溶液。
步骤(1)中,所述的水杉树皮粉末的目数为20目~100目。
步骤(3)中,将步骤(2)中的一次浓缩液经乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并乙酸乙酯萃取液后干燥并浓缩,得到二次浓缩液,二次浓缩液经石油醚或氯仿脱脂和干燥,得到水杉皮提取物。
步骤(3)中,所述的大孔吸附树脂柱层析的洗脱液为甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、体积百分浓度为10%~95%的乙醇水溶液、体积百分浓度为10%~95%的丙酮水溶液或体积百分浓度为10%~95%的甲醇水溶液。
所述的水杉皮提取物中原花色素和总多酚含量高,具有很强的自由基清除作用和抗氧化能力,可用于制备抗氧化剂或自由基清除剂,还可用于制备具有抗衰老、美容护肤、抗肿瘤和/或预防和治疗心血管疾病作用的药物或者制备具有抗衰老、美容护肤、抗肿瘤和/或预防和治疗心血管疾病作用的保健食品中的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下优点:
本发明水杉皮提取物含有较丰富的原花色素以及多酚酸类成分,具有很强的自由基清除作用和抗氧化能力。
本发明水杉皮提取物的制备方法操作简单、成本低,无需特殊的设备,适于工业化生产。
附图说明
图1为水杉皮提取物清除DPPH自由基活性的清除率-浓度曲线;
图2为水杉皮提取物清除羟自由基活性的清除率-浓度曲线;
图3为水杉皮提取物清除超氧阴离子自由基活性的清除率-浓度曲线。
具体实施方式
实施例1
水杉皮提取物的制备
1kg水杉树皮粗粉(40目)以25kg水50℃提取5小时,滤除残渣,得到20L提取液,冷却到20℃,过滤。滤液于40℃减压浓缩至滤液总体积的1/5,得到一次浓缩液,以乙酸乙酯萃取3次,每次乙酸乙酯用量为一次浓缩液体积的1/2,合并乙酸乙酯萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥,然后减压浓缩到乙酸乙酯萃取液总体积的1/5,得到二次浓缩液,在机械搅拌下倾入二次浓缩液三倍体积的石油醚(沸程60℃-90℃)中。静置沉淀,过滤,沉淀再以乙酸乙酯溶解,石油醚(沸程60℃-90℃)沉淀纯化,石油醚(沸程60℃-90℃)洗涤,于40℃以下减压干燥,得到水杉皮提取物,该水杉皮提取物样品名记作SSW。SSW的原花色素重量百分含量为35.6%,总多酚重量百分含量为48.3%。
实施例2
水杉皮提取物的制备
1kg水杉树皮粗粉(60目)以20kg质量百分浓度为70%的乙醇水溶液回流提取3小时,滤除残渣,得到20L提取液,冷却到30℃,过滤。滤液于40℃减压浓缩至无醇味,得到一次浓缩液,加水至4L使混悬,混悬液以乙酸乙酯萃取3次,每次乙酸乙酯用量为混悬液体积的1/2,合并乙酸乙酯萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥,然后减压浓缩到乙酸乙酯萃取液总体积的1/5,得到二次浓缩液,在机械搅拌下倾入二次浓缩液三倍体积的石油醚(沸程60℃-90℃)中。静置沉淀,过滤,沉淀再以乙酸乙酯溶解,石油醚(沸程60℃-90℃)沉淀纯化,石油醚(沸程60℃-90℃)洗涤,于40℃以下减压干燥,得到水杉皮提取物,该水杉皮提取物样品名记作SSE1。SSE1的原花色素重量百分含量为44.9%,总多酚重量百分含量为59.2%。
实施例3
水杉皮提取物的制备
1kg水杉树皮粗粉(20目)以20kg质量百分浓度为95%的乙醇水溶液回流提取2小时,滤除残渣,得到20L提取液,冷却到25℃,过滤。滤液于40℃减压浓缩至无醇味,得到一次浓缩液,加水至4L使混悬,混悬液以乙酸乙酯萃取3次,每次乙酸乙酯用量为混悬液体积的1/2,合并乙酸乙酯萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥,然后减压浓缩到乙酸乙酯萃取液总体积的1/5,得到二次浓缩液,在机械搅拌下倾入二次浓缩液三倍体积的石油醚(沸程60℃-90℃)中。静置沉淀,过滤,沉淀再以乙酸乙酯溶解,石油醚(沸程60℃-90℃)沉淀纯化,石油醚(沸程60℃-90℃)洗涤,于40℃以下减压干燥,得到水杉皮提取物,该水杉皮提取物样品名记作SSE2。SSE2的原花色素重量百分含量为46.1%,总多酚重量百分含量为41.7%。
实施例4
水杉皮提取物的制备
1kg水杉树皮粗粉(80目)以20kg质量百分浓度为70%的乙醇水溶液于25℃提取6小时,滤除残渣,得到20L提取液,冷却到28℃,过滤,滤液于40℃以下减压浓缩至无醇味,得到一次浓缩液。一次浓缩液上D101型大孔吸附树脂柱层析,先以3倍柱体积的水洗去杂质,再用体积百分浓度为60%的乙醇水溶液进行洗脱,直至薄层层析鉴别无明显斑点。收集洗脱液,于40℃减压浓缩至无醇味,冷冻干燥,得到水杉皮提取物,该水杉皮提取物样品名记作SSE3。SSE3的原花色素重量百分含量为62.8%,总多酚重量百分含量为65.7%。
实施例5
水杉皮提取物的制备
1kg水杉树皮粗粉(100目)以20kg质量百分浓度为70%的乙醇水溶液于25℃提取8小时,滤除残渣,得到20L提取液,冷却到22℃,过滤,滤液于40℃以下减压浓缩至无醇味,得到一次浓缩液。一次浓缩液上AB-8型大孔吸附树脂柱层析,先以3倍柱体积的水洗去杂质,再用体积百分浓度为60%的乙醇水溶液进行洗脱,直至薄层层析鉴别无明显斑点。收集洗脱液,于40℃减压浓缩至无醇味,冷冻干燥,得到水杉皮提取物,该水杉皮提取物样品名记作SSE4。SSE4的原花色素重量百分含量为63.7%,总多酚重量百分含量为67.2%。
实施例6
水杉皮提取物的抗氧化作用
1.1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基清除活性测定:
于96孔培养板中,加入0.5mM(mmol/L)的DPPH无水乙醇溶液100μL和供试样品溶液(溶剂为质量百分浓度为2%的二甲基亚砜(DMSO)的水溶液)100μL,振摇后避光40℃反应30min,反应后以酶标仪于492nm测定吸光度A,作为供试样品组;同时设空白溶剂组(100μL无水乙醇和100μL质量百分浓度为2%的DMSO的水溶液的混合液,其余同供试样品组)、对照组(100μL DPPH无水乙醇溶液和100μL质量百分浓度为2%的DMSO的水溶液的混合液,其余同供试样品组)。DPPH自由基清除活性以清除率表示,清除率%=(Ac-As)/(Ac-Ab)×100%,Ac、As、Ab分别表示对照组、供试样品组和空白溶剂组的吸光度,结果见图1。
2.羟自由基(OH·)清除活性测定:
根据南京建成羟自由基试剂盒说明操作,于5ml离心管中,加入底物工作液和供试样品溶液(溶剂为质量百分浓度为2%的DMSO的水溶液)各0.2mL,混合后37℃预热,加经37℃预热的羟自由基试剂盒的试剂三0.4mL后,于37℃反应1min,立即加羟自由基试剂盒的显色剂(Griess试剂)2mL终止反应,混匀后室温放置20min,于550nm测吸光度值A,作为供试样品组;同时设空白溶剂组(底物工作液以水代替,供试品溶液以质量百分浓度为2%的DMSO的水溶液代替,其余同供试样品组)、对照组(不加供试样品溶液,其余同供试样品组)。羟基自由基清除活性以清除率表示,清除率%=(Ac-As)/(Ac-Ab)×100%,Ac、As、Ab分别表示对照组、供试样品组和空白溶剂组的吸光度,结果见图2。
3.超氧阴离子自由基(O2·-)清除活性测定:
根据南京建成抑制与产生超氧阴离子自由基试剂盒说明操作,于5mL离心管中,加入抑制与产生超氧阴离子自由基试剂盒的试剂一1mL,供试样品溶液(溶剂为质量百分浓度为2%的DMSO的水溶液)50μL,抑制与产生超氧阴离子自由基试剂盒的试剂二、抑制与产生超氧阴离子自由基试剂盒的试剂三、抑制与产生超氧阴离子自由基试剂盒的试剂四各0.1mL,混匀后,于37℃反应40min,加抑制与产生超氧阴离子自由基试剂盒的显色剂(Griess试剂)2mL,混匀,避光放置10min后,550nm测定吸光度A,作为供试样品组;同时设空白溶剂组(不加供试样品溶液,显色剂以质量百分浓度为25%的冰醋酸水溶液代替,其余同供试样品组)、对照组(不加供试样品溶液,其余同供试样品组)。超氧阴离子自由基清除活性以清除率表示,清除率%=(Ac-As)/(Ac-Ab)×100%,Ac、As、Ab分别表示对照组、供试样品组和空白溶剂组的吸光度,结果见图3。
由图1~3可见,水杉皮提取物SSW、SSE1、SSE2和SSE3均具有清除DPPH自由基、羟自由基(OH·)和超氧阴离子自由基(O2·-)的能力。清除DPPH自由基活性,SSE1、SSE2和SSE3强于法国海岸松标准提取物(PCG,Maritime Pine Extract,符合美国药典标准);清除OH·活性,SSE1、SSE3强于PCG;清除O2·-活性、高浓度时SSE2、SSE3、SSW强于PCG。
Claims (8)
1.一种水杉皮提取物的制备方法,包括步骤:
(1)将水杉树皮粉末在提取剂中于25℃至回流温度提取2小时~24小时,滤除残渣,得到提取液;
所述的提取剂为水、甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、乙酸乙酯中的一种或两种以上的混合溶液;
(2)将步骤(1)中的提取液冷却后过滤,滤液浓缩,得到一次浓缩液;
(3)将步骤(2)中的一次浓缩液经乙酸乙酯萃取,石油醚或氯仿脱脂和干燥,得到水杉皮提取物;
或者,将步骤(2)中的一次浓缩液经大孔吸附树脂柱层析,收集洗脱液经浓缩和干燥,得到水杉皮提取物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的水杉皮提取物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述的提取剂为水、甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、乙酸乙酯中的一种或水与甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、乙酸乙酯中的一种的混合溶液。
3.根据权利要求1所述的水杉皮提取物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述的水杉树皮粉末的目数为20目~100目。
4.根据权利要求1所述的水杉皮提取物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,将步骤(2)中的一次浓缩液经乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并乙酸乙酯萃取液后干燥并浓缩,得到二次浓缩液,二次浓缩液经石油醚或氯仿脱脂和干燥,得到水杉皮提取物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的水杉皮提取物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述的大孔吸附树脂柱层析的洗脱液为甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、体积百分浓度为10%~95%的乙醇水溶液、体积百分浓度为10%~95%的丙酮水溶液或体积百分浓度为10%~95%的甲醇水溶液。
6.根据权利要求1~5任一项所述的水杉皮提取物的制备方法制备的水杉皮提取物。
7.根据权利要求6所述的水杉皮提取物在制备抗氧化剂或自由基清除剂中的应用。
8.根据权利要求6所述的水杉皮提取物在制备具有抗衰老、美容护肤、抗肿瘤和/或预防和治疗心血管疾病作用的药物或者保健食品中的应用。
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CN106621741A (zh) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-10 | 重庆医学检验试剂研究所 | 一种组合物及其在清除室内二噁英污染中的应用 |
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