CN102355065B - Modularized medium-voltage energy storage system - Google Patents
Modularized medium-voltage energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 208000018672 Dilatation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005955 Ferric phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940032958 ferric phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000399 iron(III) phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开一种模块化中压储能系统，包括储能电池单元、预充电电路、单相H桥变换器以及连接电感，其中：储能电池单元的输出端与预充电电路的输入端相连传输直流电压，预充电电路的输出端与单相H桥变换器的直流端相连以传输直流电压，如此构成储能单元，三相中的各个储能单元交流侧串联后一端为模块化中压储能系统的中性点，另一端与连接电感连接，连接电感的另一端与电网构成中压储能系统的三相。本发明在同等功率下，高电压、小电流、电流谐波小，对电池单体容量要求低；通过旁路可实现冗余，可靠性高；具有对电池的均衡功能。MW级大容量时成本较低压方案低。
The invention discloses a modular medium-voltage energy storage system, which includes an energy storage battery unit, a pre-charging circuit, a single-phase H-bridge converter and a connecting inductor, wherein the output end of the energy storage battery unit is connected to the input end of the pre-charging circuit To transmit DC voltage, the output terminal of the pre-charging circuit is connected to the DC terminal of the single-phase H-bridge converter to transmit DC voltage, thus forming an energy storage unit, and the AC side of each energy storage unit in the three phases is connected in series, and one end is a modular medium voltage The other end of the neutral point of the energy storage system is connected to the connecting inductor, and the other end of the connecting inductor is connected to the grid to form the three phases of the medium voltage energy storage system. Under the same power, the present invention has high voltage, low current, and small current harmonics, and has low requirements on the capacity of battery cells; redundancy can be realized through bypasses, and reliability is high; and it has the function of balancing batteries. The cost of the MW-level large capacity is lower than that of the high-voltage solution.
Description
Technical field
what the present invention relates to is a kind of modular middle pressure energy-storage system, and specifically a kind of modularization energy-storage system that adopts cascade structure, for high capacity cell energy storage occasion.Belong to battery energy storage field.
Background technology
adopting battery energy storage smooth wind power and photovoltaic generation power is the effective way that solves the difficult and wind-powered electricity generation of the new-energy grid-connected problem of " abandoning wind ".The application of extensive battery energy storage in electrical network can only transmit by changing electric energy the history that can not store, brings revolutionary impact to electrical network production and operation, greatly promotes the development of China's intelligent grid.
battery energy storage system adopts AC/DC bidirectional power converter, realizes the to and fro flow of power between battery and electrical network, and power inverter is the core of energy-storage system energy control.The power inverter of applying in current battery energy storage mainly contains DC/AC single step arrangement and two kinds of versions of DC/DC+DC/AC stage type structure.In most of stored energy application, power inverter adopts low pressure scheme, and AC voltage is general≤AC690V, and single-machine capacity capacity is generally at hundreds of kW, and larger capacity needs to realize AC is in parallel by many power inverters.Indivedual model power inverters of ABB AB adopt IGCT power device, and DC voltage can reach 3-5kV, and AC voltage can reach the data of 2kV[ABB].
dC/AC single step arrangement is that battery pack is directly connected to power inverter DC bus end, after power inverter inversion, accesses electrical network again.DC/DC+DC/AC two-stage structure obtains galvanic current by cell voltage and presses after the DC/DC of first order conversion, then accesses electrical network after the inversion of DC/AC converter.Add DC/DC voltage stabilizing link to eliminate cell voltage and change the impact on rear class DC/AC convertor controls.But the DC/DC link increasing has also increased switching loss, volume and cost, has reduced efficiency.
the power inverter separate unit capacity of low pressure scheme is limited, in the time of large capacity applications, need and adopt step-up transformer to boost by many mode dilatations in parallel.Consider single stage type power inverter efficiency <98%, stage type power inverter efficiency <96%, transformer loss 2%, energy-storage system gross efficiency is respectively <96% and <94%, and system effectiveness is low.
the power inverter DC voltage of the energy-storage system of ABB is too high, needs extremely a large amount of battery series connection to use, and the short-board effect of battery is remarkable, and existing cell balancing cannot guarantee its operation steady in a long-term.
Summary of the invention
the present invention is directed to the deficiency that prior art exists, a kind of modular middle pressure energy-storage system is proposed, three-phase adopts the structure of modularization energy-storage units cascade, after the cascade of three-phase energy-storage units, adopt Y-connection, under Same Efficieney, high voltage, little electric current, current harmonics are little, low to battery cell capacity requirement, reliability is high, has the equalization function to battery.
the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
modularized medium-voltage energy storage system of the present invention comprises energy-storage battery unit, pre-charge circuit, single-phase H bridging parallel operation and connection inductance, wherein: the output of energy-storage battery unit is connected with the input of pre-charge circuit and transmits direct voltage, the output of pre-charge circuit is connected with the DC terminal of single-phase H bridging parallel operation with transmission direct voltage, so form energy-storage units, the neutral point that after each energy-storage units AC series connection in three-phase, one end is Modularized medium-voltage energy storage system, the other end be connected inductance connect, during forming, the other end of connection inductance and electrical network press the three-phase of energy-storage system.
described energy-storage battery unit is made up of the connection in series-parallel of rechargeable battery.
described pre-charge circuit comprises: 1 resistance and 1 contactor, wherein: resistance and contactor parallel connection.
described single-phase H bridging parallel operation comprises 4 electronic power switch devices and DC capacitor, and 4 switching devices are connected to single-phase H bridge construction, and DC capacitor is connected in parallel on DC side.
described connection inductance can be both special inductor, can be also the leakage inductance of transformer.
in the present invention, take the H bridge cascade structure of three-phase star, each is in series by multiple energy-storage units, and energy-storage units adopts single-phase H bridging parallel operation to realize the AC/DC two-way changing of electric energy.
in the present invention, can utilize the mutual ratio of each energy-storage units output voltage amplitude of control to realize the balancing energy of the same different energy-storage units of going up mutually.
in the present invention, can utilize the gross energy equilibrium of controlling voltage magnitude ratio separately of three-phase and realize the energy-storage units on homophase not.
compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: under Same Efficieney, high voltage, little electric current, current harmonics are little, low to battery cell capacity requirement; Can realize redundancy by bypass, reliability is high; There is the equalization function to battery.When the large capacity of MW level, cost is low compared with low pressure scheme.
Accompanying drawing explanation
fig. 1 is the energy-storage units schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
fig. 2 is the overall structure chart of the Modularized medium-voltage energy storage system of one embodiment of the invention.
fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
below embodiments of the invention are elaborated, the present embodiment is implemented under take technical solution of the present invention as prerequisite, provided detailed execution mode and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
as shown in Figure 1-2, Modularized medium-voltage energy storage system provided by the present invention comprises: 3N energy-storage battery unit, a 3N pre-charge circuit, a 3N single-phase H bridging parallel operation, 3 connect inductance.Wherein: the output of 3N energy-storage battery is connected with the input of 3N pre-charge circuit respectively and transmits direct voltage, the output of 3N pre-charge circuit is connected with the DC terminal of 3N single-phase H bridging parallel operation with transmission direct voltage respectively, so form 3N energy-storage units A1, the A2 that structure is identical ... AN, B1, B2 ... BN, C1, C2 ... CN.A phase N energy-storage units A1, A2 ... the neutral point O that after AN AC series connection, one end is Modularized medium-voltage energy storage system, the other end with is connected inductance L a and connects, in the other end of connection inductance L a and electrical network formation, press the phase in energy-storage system three-phase.2N energy-storage units B1, B2 in addition ... BN, C1, C2 ... CN is connected inductance L b, Lc and adopts above-mentioned identical mode and the neutral point O of Modularized medium-voltage energy storage system, the B of electrical network, the other two-phase that C two is connected to form Modularized medium-voltage energy storage system with 2.
Embodiment
the present embodiment is 2MW battery energy storage system, rated voltage 10kV.
as shown in Figure 3, the power model of the present embodiment comprises: 1 batteries, 1 resistance, 1 contactor, 4 IGBT and 1 group of electric capacity composition.A, B, each 11 energy-storage units of C three-phase, connect and compose whole middle pressure energy-storage system according to the mode of Fig. 2.
in the present embodiment, 1 described secondary battery unit rated voltage 1200V, nominal capacity 400Ah.
in the present embodiment, described pre-charge circuit is made up of 1,1 contactor K1 of 1 resistance R.Wherein: R1 and K1 parallel connection.One end of resistance R 1, contactor K1 is connected to the positive pole of batteries, is the input of pre-charge circuit; The other end of resistance R 1 and contactor K1 is the output of pre-charge circuit.The resistance of R1 is 200 ohm, the rated voltage 1200VDC of K1, rated current 250A.
in the present embodiment, described single-phase H bridging parallel operation is made up of 1 group capacitor C1, IGBT device V1, V2, V3, V4.Wherein: a V1 and V2 branch road in series, a V3 and V4 branch road in series, above-mentioned two branch roads and capacitor group C1 are in parallel connection.Capacitor group C1 rated voltage 1400VDC, capacity 4000uF.IGBT device V1, V2, V3, V4 rated voltage 1700V, rated current 200A.
in the present embodiment, described energy-storage system A, B, the three-phase of C and electrical network be connected inductance L a, Lb, Lc rated current 150A, inductance value is 15mH.
the course of work of the present embodiment is as follows:
1, keep switching device V1, V2, V3, the V4 of the single-phase H bridge current transformer of each energy-storage units in off state.
2, will be by the monomer series-connected rated voltage 1200V that forms of 315 joint 3.2V/400Ah ferric phosphate lithium cell, the batteries of nominal capacity 400Ah.Each energy-storage units left side batteries input direct current, because accumulator battery voltage is along with the variation of its electric weight changes, its voltage range 900-1200VDC.
3, first charge to capacitor group C1 through resistance R 1, to the initial charge current 4.5-6A of capacitor group C1, after 8s, capacitor group C1 powers on to press to be raised to and approaches DC input voitage.Closed K1 is by resistance R 1 bypass, and capacitor group C1 voltage equates completely with accumulator battery voltage.
4, while charging to energy-storage system from electrical network, control the energy-storage units H bridge current transformer of A, B, C three-phase, the phase difference that makes to flow into energy-storage system electric current I va, Ivb, Ivc and Uva, Uvb, Uvc is 90 degree, and the phase place of its three-phase output voltage Uva, Uvb, Uvc is slightly ahead of line voltage Usa, Usb and the certain electrical degree of Usc simultaneously.Regulating phase angle difference is between the two the size of adjustable charge power.
5, while electric discharge from energy-storage system to electrical network, control the energy-storage units H bridge current transformer of A, B, C three-phase, the phase difference that makes to flow into energy-storage system electric current I va, Ivb, Ivc and Uva, Uvb, Uvc is 90 degree, and the phase place of its three-phase output voltage Uva, Uvb, Uvc slightly lags behind line voltage Usa, Usb and the certain electrical degree of Usc simultaneously.Regulating phase angle difference is between the two the size of adjustable discharge power.
6, when energy storage system discharges, in the time that the energy of 11 energy-storage units storages of A phase is unequal, according to the output voltage amplitude of the single-phase H bridge current transformer of each energy-storage units of proportional control of the energy of each energy-storage units storage, can make the active power of output of each energy-storage units and the energy of its storage that A goes up mutually be directly proportional.Thereby reach balancing energy between each energy-storage units of A phase, prevent the object of overdischarge.
7, in like manner operation, can make energy storage system discharges time, between the energy-storage units of B, C phase, energy reaches balanced, prevents overdischarge.
8, when energy-storage system charges, in the time that 11 chargeable energy of energy-storage units of A phase are unequal, according to the output voltage amplitude of the single-phase H bridge current transformer of each energy-storage units of proportional control of the chargeable energy of each energy-storage units, can make defeated as chargeable in active power and its energy of each energy-storage units that A goes up mutually be directly proportional.Thereby reach balancing energy between each energy-storage units of A phase, prevent the object of overcharging.
9, in like manner operation, can make energy storage system discharges time, between the energy-storage units of B, C phase, energy reaches balanced, prevents from overcharging.
10, when energy storage system discharges, as unequal in the gross energy three of the gross energy of the gross energy of 11 energy-storage units storages of energy-storage system A phase, 11 energy-storage units storages of B phase and 11 energy-storage units storages of C phase, control the energy-storage units H bridge current transformer of A, B, C three-phase, make energy-storage system neutral point excursion, the ratio of its three-phase output voltage Uva, Uvb, Uvc equals the ratio of the gross energy of energy-storage units storage on three-phase.Thereby can realize the discharge energy equilibrium between A, B, C three-phase.
11, when energy-storage system charges, as energy-storage system A, 11 the chargeable gross energies of energy-storage units, 11 chargeable gross energies of energy-storage units of B phase and 11 chargeable gross energy threes of energy-storage units of C phase are unequal mutually, control the energy-storage units H bridge current transformer of A, B, C three-phase, make energy-storage system neutral point excursion, the ratio of its three-phase output voltage Uva, Uvb, Uvc equals the ratio of the chargeable gross energy of energy-storage units on three-phase.Thereby can realize the rechargeable energy equilibrium between A, B, C three-phase.
in general execution mode, adopt low pressure and low power conversion scheme.Separate unit PCS capacity is limited, in the time of large capacity applications, need and adopt step-up transformer to boost by many mode dilatations in parallel.Transformer has increased system cost, and its loss has reduced system effectiveness.The advantage of the present embodiment is 10kV direct screening electrical network, transless, and single-machine capacity is large, efficiency is high; Under the equal capacity of MW level, cost is low compared with low pressure scheme; Under equal capacity, the present embodiment is high compared with low pressure scheme voltage, electric current is little, current harmonics is little, low to battery cell capacity requirement; Can realize the equalization function to battery.Can be by the control bypass fault energy-storage units of the switching device to its H bridge current transformer in the time of some energy-storage units faults, realize the fault redundance operation of energy-storage system.
although content of the present invention has been done detailed introduction by above preferred embodiment, will be appreciated that above-mentioned description should not be considered to limitation of the present invention.Read after foregoing those skilled in the art, for multiple modification of the present invention and substitute will be all apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. a Modularized medium-voltage energy storage system, it is characterized in that comprising 3N energy-storage battery unit, a 3N pre-charge circuit, a 3N single-phase H bridging parallel operation, 3 connection inductance, wherein: the output of 3N energy-storage battery is connected with the input of 3N pre-charge circuit respectively and transmits direct voltage, the output of 3N pre-charge circuit is connected with the DC terminal of 3N single-phase H bridging parallel operation with transmission direct voltage respectively, so form 3N energy-storage units A1, the A2 that structure is identical ... AN, B1, B2 ... BN, C1, C2 ... CN; A phase N energy-storage units A1, A2 ... the neutral point O that after AN AC series connection, one end is Modularized medium-voltage energy storage system, the other end with is connected inductance L a and connects, in the other end of connection inductance L a and electrical network formation, press the phase in energy-storage system three-phase; 2N energy-storage units B1, B2 in addition ... BN, C1, C2 ... CN is connected inductance L b, Lc and adopts above-mentioned identical mode and the neutral point O of Modularized medium-voltage energy storage system, the B of electrical network, the other two-phase that C two is connected to form Modularized medium-voltage energy storage system with 2; After the cascade of described three-phase energy-storage units, adopt Y-connection;
Wherein:
Described energy-storage battery unit is 1 batteries, this batteries rated voltage 1200V, nominal capacity 400Ah;
Described pre-charge circuit is made up of 1,1 contactor K1 of 1 resistance R, wherein: R1 and K1 parallel connection, one end of resistance R 1, contactor K1 is connected to the positive pole of batteries, is the input of pre-charge circuit; The other end of resistance R 1 and contactor K1 is the output of pre-charge circuit, and the resistance of R1 is 200 ohm, the rated voltage 1200VDC of K1, rated current 250A;
Described single-phase H bridging parallel operation is made up of 1 group capacitor C1, four IGBT device V1, V2, V3, V4, wherein: a V1 and V4 branch road in series, a V2 and V3 branch road in series, above-mentioned two branch roads and capacitor group C1 are in parallel again; Capacitor group C1 rated voltage 1400VDC, capacity 4000uF, IGBT device V1, V2, V3, V4 rated voltage 1700V, rated current 200A;
Described energy-storage system A, B, the three-phase of C and electrical network be connected inductance L a, Lb, Lc rated current 150A, inductance value is 15mH;
The control procedure of above-mentioned middle pressure energy-storage system is as follows:
(1), keep switching device V1, V2, V3, the V4 of the single-phase H bridge current transformer of each energy-storage units in off state;
(2), by each energy-storage units left side batteries input termination direct current, because accumulator battery voltage is along with the variation of its electric weight changes, its voltage range 900-1200VDC;
(3), first charge to capacitor group C1 through resistance R 1, to the initial charge current 4.5-6A of capacitor group C1, after 8s, capacitor group C1 powers on to press to be raised to and approaches DC input voitage, and closed K1 is by resistance R 1 bypass, and capacitor group C1 voltage equates completely with accumulator battery voltage;
(4) while, charging to energy-storage system from electrical network, control the energy-storage units H bridge current transformer of A, B, C three-phase, the phase difference that makes to flow into energy-storage system electric current I va, Ivb, Ivc and Uva, Uvb, Uvc is 90 degree, the phase place of its three-phase output voltage Uva, Uvb, Uvc is slightly ahead of line voltage Usa, Usb and the certain electrical degree of Usc simultaneously, and regulating phase angle difference is between the two the size of adjustable charge power;
(5) while, electric discharge from energy-storage system to electrical network, control the energy-storage units H bridge current transformer of A, B, C three-phase, the phase difference that makes to flow into energy-storage system electric current I va, Ivb, Ivc and Uva, Uvb, Uvc is 90 degree, the phase place of its three-phase output voltage Uva, Uvb, Uvc slightly lags behind line voltage Usa, Usb and the certain electrical degree of Usc simultaneously, and regulating phase angle difference is between the two the size of adjustable discharge power;
(6), when energy storage system discharges, in the time that the energy of each energy-storage units storage of A phase is unequal, according to the output voltage amplitude of the single-phase H bridge current transformer of each energy-storage units of proportional control of the energy of each energy-storage units storage, can make the active power of output of each energy-storage units and the energy of its storage that A goes up mutually be directly proportional, thereby reach balancing energy between each energy-storage units of A phase, prevent the object of overdischarge;
(7), in like manner operation, while making energy storage system discharges, between the energy-storage units of B, C phase, energy reaches balanced, prevents overdischarge;
(8) when, energy-storage system charges, in the time that the chargeable energy of each energy-storage units of A phase is unequal, according to the output voltage amplitude of the single-phase H bridge current transformer of each energy-storage units of proportional control of the chargeable energy of each energy-storage units, can make the input active power of each energy-storage units that A goes up mutually be directly proportional to its chargeable energy, thereby reach balancing energy between each energy-storage units of A phase, prevent the object of overcharging;
(9), in like manner operation, while making energy storage system discharges, between the energy-storage units of B, C phase, energy reaches balanced, prevents from overcharging;
(10), when energy storage system discharges, as unequal in the gross energy three of the gross energy of the gross energy of each energy-storage units storage of energy-storage system A phase, each energy-storage units storage of B phase and each energy-storage units storage of C phase, control the energy-storage units H bridge current transformer of A, B, C three-phase, make energy-storage system neutral point excursion, the ratio of its three-phase output voltage Uva, Uvb, Uvc equals the ratio of the gross energy of energy-storage units storage on three-phase, thereby realizes the discharge energy equilibrium between A, B, C three-phase;
(11) when, energy-storage system charges, as energy-storage system A, the chargeable gross energy of each energy-storage units, the B phase chargeable gross energy of each energy-storage units and the chargeable gross energy three of C each energy-storage units of phase are unequal mutually, control the energy-storage units H bridge current transformer of A, B, C three-phase, make energy-storage system neutral point excursion, the ratio of its three-phase output voltage Uva, Uvb, Uvc equals the ratio of the chargeable gross energy of energy-storage units on three-phase, thereby realizes the rechargeable energy equilibrium between A, B, C three-phase.
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| CN115459324A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-12-09 | 新源智储能源发展(北京)有限公司 | Cascaded H-bridge energy storage circuit with energy balancing function and energy balancing method thereof |
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| A Transformerless Battery Energy Storage System Based on a Multilevel Cascade PWM Converter;Laxman Maharjan1 etc.;《IEEE》;20080619;第4798页至第4804页 * |
| Laxman Maharjan1 etc..A Transformerless Battery Energy Storage System Based on a Multilevel Cascade PWM Converter.《IEEE》.2008,第4798页至第4804页. |
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