Background technology
Terahertz (Terahertz/THz) wave band typically refers to the electromagnetic wave of frequency in 0.1THz-10THz (wavelength 3mm-30 μ m) scope, between infrared and extraordinary electromagnetic wave wave band millimeter wave band, namely so-called far infrared and submillimeter wave wave band.The breakthrough of Terahertz coherent detection technology development over nearly 20 years, and find gradually THz wave in the huge applications potentiality of using such as space remote sensing, material, imaging, information and communication technology (ICT), secure communication, safety detection etc., so that Terahertz is in basic research or all becomes focus and the focus of research in the technology application study.On the THz wave generating technique, but nonlinear optics difference frequency technology has high power, wide tunable range, narrow linewidth working and room temperature, without optics threshold value, many obvious advantages such as can be all solid state integrated, has been subject to paying close attention to widely and studying.The nonlinear optics difference frequency needs two-way laser, common one road wavelength is fixed, another road wavelength is adjustable, then focus on or parallel inciding on the nonlinear crystal, but satisfying difference frequency outgoing THz wave behind the phase-matching condition, is the wavelength of tunable institute outgoing THz wave by the wavelength that changes one road laser.
Present stage, the nonlinear optics difference frequency technology that adopts in use had " a kind of system of automatically measuring spectral characteristics of terahertz wave range " of significant limitation: patent No. 200910051791.X, it only uses a slice nonlinear crystal on the terahertz generation method, satisfy the phase matched requirement by birefringence effect or residual dispersion band characteristic, but owing to being subjected to absorption of crystal, the impacts such as walk-off effect and high quality crystal growth difficulty, the crystal length that can use only has several mm lengths usually, and in these several millimeters action lengths, the conversion efficiency of two-way laser difference frequency is very little (usually less than 10
-7), much smaller than the M-P relational expression, limited the practical application of this technological means.
The present invention takes into full account and improves the importance that action length promotes non-linear conversion efficient, in conjunction with the idea of cascade repeatedly, at first utilize 1064nm main pump Pu laser and its nearly degeneracy point dual-wavelength laser of two-way from the dual wavelength resonant cavity generation of frequency multiplication 532nm laser pumping to carry out respectively difference frequency, produce the mid-infrared laser in the high-power 8-18 μ of the two-way m scope, then this two-way mid-infrared laser is carried out difference frequency and produce high-power THz wave, and feasible optical texture reasonable in design, utilize computer precisely to control, thereby improve the purpose that action length realizes the high-power terahertz signal output of high conversion efficiency by secondary cascade difference frequency.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, propose a kind of outside secondary cascade difference frequency and produce the generating means of THz wave light source and the implementation method of THz wave light source, solve traditional nonlinear optics difference frequency method conversion efficiency and crossed low and excessively strong to crystal mass dependence problem, strengthen simultaneously the tunability of light source, and significantly reduced the walk-off effect of long action length.
The technical scheme of Terahertz light source generating means is as follows:
Outside secondary cascade difference frequency terahertz light source generator is comprised of main pump Pu lasing light emitter 1, times frequency module 2, bi-color branch light microscopic 3, speculum 4, dual wavelength resonant cavity 5, polarization splitting prism 6, Amici prism 7, first order nonlinear difference module 8, second level nonlinear difference module 9, electric machine controller 10 and computer 11 as shown in Figure 1.
Described main pump Pu lasing light emitter 1 is for mixing rubidium Yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG) type pulsed laser source, and it produces the pumping laser light beam of 1064nm, polarization direction level.
The effect of described times of frequency module 2 be laser beam frequency multiplication with main pump Pu lasing light emitter 1 to 532nm, as the pumping source of dual wavelength resonant cavity 5,532nm laser beam polarization direction is vertical.
The effect of described bi-color branch light microscopic 3 is transmission 532nm laser beams, remaining 1064nm laser beam after the reflection frequency multiplication.
The effect of described speculum 4 is to adjust 532nm laser beam direction.
The effect of described dual wavelength resonant cavity 5 is to produce near the two-way laser beam of degeneracy point 1064nm, wherein the shorter laser beam of one road wavelength is called flashlight, the polarization direction is vertical, and the long laser beam of another road wavelength is called ideler frequency light, the polarization direction level.Dual wavelength resonant cavity 5 is by the 532nm laser pumping.The two-way optical maser wavelength tunable range that produces between 800nm to 1350nm, step-length is less than 0.5nm.
The effect of described polarization splitting prism 6 is reflected signal light, transmission ideler frequency light.
The effect of described Amici prism 7 is that the 1064nm laser beam with incident is divided into the constant power two-way.
The effect of described first order nonlinear difference module 8 be that flashlight and ideler frequency light that 1064nm laser beam and dual wavelength resonant cavity 5 produces are carried out respectively difference frequency, produce the high-power mid-infrared laser of two-way.Wherein the effect of the first speculum 8.1, the second speculum 8.2, the 3rd speculum 8.3, the 4th speculum 8.4, the 5th speculum 8.5, the 6th speculum 8.6 is to adjust the laser beam direction; Wherein the effect of the first half-wave plate 8.7, the second half-wave plate 8.8, the 3rd half-wave plate 8.9, the 4th half-wave plate 8.10 is polarization directions of adjusting laser beam; Wherein the effect of the first polarization splitting prism 8.11, the second polarization splitting prism 8.12 is that two-way laser is adjusted to the conllinear direction; Use therein the first nonlinear crystal 8.13 is GaSe, and its logical light is of a size of 15mm * 15mm (optical axis direction 15mm); Wherein the effect of the first electric rotary table 8.14 is optical axis directions of adjusting the first nonlinear crystal 8.13 so that and the angle of incoming laser beam satisfy phase-matching condition; Use therein the second nonlinear crystal 8.15 is GaSe, and its logical light is of a size of 15mm * 15mm (optical axis direction 15mm); Wherein the effect of the second electric rotary table 8.16 is optical axis directions of adjusting the second nonlinear crystal 8.15 so that and the angle of incoming laser beam satisfy phase-matching condition.
The effect of described second level nonlinear difference module 9 is that the two-way mid-infrared laser light beam that first order nonlinear difference module 8 produces is carried out optical difference frequency in the 3rd nonlinear crystal 9.5, obtains the outgoing of THz wave; Wherein the effect of the 7th speculum 9.1, the 8th speculum 9.2, the 9th speculum 9.3 is to adjust two-way laser beam direction; The effect of the 3rd polarization splitting prism 9.4 is that two-way laser is adjusted to the conllinear direction; Use therein the 3rd nonlinear crystal 9.5 is GaSe, and its logical light is of a size of 10mm * 2mm (optical axis direction 2mm); Wherein the effect of the 3rd electric rotary table 9.6 is optical axis directions of adjusting the 3rd nonlinear crystal 9.5 so that and the angle of incoming laser beam satisfy phase-matching condition; The effect of long-length filter 9.7 is that remaining two-way mid-infrared laser filtered light beam is fallen, and with the thz laser transmission; The effect of polyethylene lens 9.8 is that thz laser is carried out focussed collimated.
The effect of described electric machine controller 10 is that the electric rotary table on dual wavelength resonant cavity 5, first order nonlinear difference module 8, the second level nonlinear difference module 9 is controlled.
The effect of described computer 11 is to provide the system parameters instruction, controls the running parameter of whole Terahertz light source by electric machine controller 10.
Electric rotary table in computer 11, electric machine controller 10 and the device is with the electric connection mode transfer control signal.
Thereby the two-way laser beam that first order nonlinear difference module 8 can produce 1064nm laser and the dual wavelength resonant cavity 5 of main pump Pu lasing light emitter 1 outgoing carries out respectively difference frequency and produces the high-power mid-infrared laser of two-way in the first nonlinear crystal 8.13 and the second nonlinear crystal 8.15, produce high-power thz laser thereby the two-way mid-infrared laser that second level nonlinear difference module 9 produces first order nonlinear difference module 8 carries out difference frequency in the 3rd nonlinear crystal 9.5; Device changes the THz wave light source frequency of outgoing by the output wavelength of adjusting dual wavelength resonant cavity 5.
The implementation method of device THz wave light source is as follows:
By the laser of pulse laser outgoing 532nm behind times frequency module 2 of the 1064nm wavelength of main pump Pu lasing light emitter 1 outgoing, light beam is separately behind bi-color branch light microscopic 3 for 532nm laser and remaining 1064nm laser; 532nm laser carries out pumped dual-wavelength resonant cavity 5 after speculum 4 light path adjustment, produce near the two-way laser the nearly degeneracy point, i.e. shorter flashlight and the long ideler frequency light of wavelength of wavelength, and flashlight and ideler frequency light are by polarization splitting prism 6 light beams separately; And remaining 1064nm laser is divided into the two-way 1064nm laser of constant power by Amici prism 7, one road 1064nm laser is successively through the first half-wave plate 8.7, behind the first speculum 8.1, with by 5 outgoing of dual wavelength resonant cavity successively through the 3rd speculum 8.3, the second half-wave plate 8.8, flashlight after the second speculum 8.2 is adjusted is adjusted to the conllinear direction at the first polarization splitting prism 8.11 places, then carry out optical difference frequency by the first nonlinear crystal 8.13 (it is certain degree that the first electric rotary table 8.14 goes to the first nonlinear crystal 8.13 optical axis directions with the incident laser beam direction according to computer instruction) and produce one road mid-infrared laser, another road 1064nm laser is successively through the 4th speculum 8.4, behind the 3rd half-wave plate 8.9, with by 5 outgoing of dual wavelength resonant cavity successively through the 5th speculum 8.5, the 4th half-wave plate 8.10, ideler frequency light after the 6th speculum 8.6 is adjusted is adjusted to the conllinear direction at the second polarization splitting prism 8.12 places, then carries out optical difference frequency by the second nonlinear crystal 8.15 (it is certain degree that the second electric rotary table 8.16 goes to the second nonlinear crystal 8.15 optical axis directions with the incident laser beam direction according to computer instruction) and produces one road mid-infrared laser; The mid-infrared laser of optical difference frequency outgoing is successively through the 7th speculum 9.1 from the first nonlinear crystal 8.13, behind the 8th speculum 9.2, be adjusted to the conllinear direction with the mid-infrared laser after the 9th speculum 9.3 is adjusted of optical difference frequency outgoing from the second nonlinear crystal 8.15 at the 3rd polarization splitting prism 9.4, then carry out optical difference frequency by the 3rd nonlinear crystal 9.5 (it is certain degree that the 3rd electric rotary table 9.6 goes to the 3rd nonlinear crystal 9.5 optical axis directions with the incident laser beam direction according to computer instruction) and produce thz laser, the thz laser of outgoing carries out the filtering collimation through long-length filter 9.7 and polyethylene lens 9.8 successively.Computer 11 provides the system parameters instruction, and the shoot laser wavelength that changes dual wavelength resonant cavity 5 comes tuning Terahertz wavelength, and changes the location parameter of each nonlinear crystal by electric machine controller 10 each electric rotary tables of control.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, THz source power is high, and monochromaticjty is good, and nonlinear optics difference frequency conversion efficiency is high;
2, reduction greatly reduces absorption of crystal for the impact of difference frequency to the dependence of crystal mass by the middle infrared transparent wave band of the difference frequency wavelength being adjusted to crystal;
3, come continuous tuning Terahertz wavelength by changing two difference frequency wavelength, strengthened the tunability of light source, remedied the CO2 laser in the poor deficiency of infrared difference frequency medium wavelength tuning performance;
4, significantly reduced walk-off effect in the nonlinear optics difference frequency process.
5, the terahertz light source structure is compact, can be all solid state integrated, and use the computer Automatic Control.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is Terahertz light source principle schematic.
Number in the figure: 1 is main pump Pu lasing light emitter, 2 is a times frequency module, 3 is the bi-color branch light microscopic, 4 is speculum, 5 is the dual wavelength resonant cavity, 6 is polarization splitting prism, 7 is Amici prism, 8 is that (8.1 is the first speculum to first order nonlinear difference module, 8.2 be the second speculum, 8.3 be the 3rd speculum, 8.4 be the 4th speculum, 8.5 be the 5th speculum, 8.6 be the 6th speculum, 8.7 be the first half-wave plate, 8.8 be the second half-wave plate, 8.9 be the 3rd half-wave plate, 8.10 be the 4th half-wave plate, 8.11 be the first polarization splitting prism, 8.12 be the second polarization splitting prism, 8.13 be the first nonlinear crystal, 8.14 be the first electric rotary table, 8.15 be the second nonlinear crystal, 8.16 be the second electric rotary table), 9 is that (9.1 is the 7th speculum to second level nonlinear difference module, 9.2 be the 8th speculum, 9.3 be the 9th speculum, 9.4 be the 3rd polarization splitting prism, 9.5 be the 3rd nonlinear crystal, 9.6 be the 3rd electric rotary table, 9.7 be long-length filter, 9.8 be the polyethylene lens), 10 is electric machine controller, 11 is computer.Thick line is light path among Fig. 1, and fine rule is circuit.
Embodiment
In conjunction with Fig. 1, the invention is further described as example to produce 300 μ m thz lasers:
By the laser of pulse laser outgoing 532nm behind times frequency module 2 of the 1064nm wavelength of main pump Pu lasing light emitter 1 outgoing, light beam is separately behind bi-color branch light microscopic 3 for 532nm laser and remaining 1064nm laser; 532nm laser carries out pumped dual-wavelength resonant cavity 5 after speculum 4 light path adjustment, produce near the two-way laser of nearly degeneracy point, one road signal light wavelength is 999nm, and one tunnel ideler frequency optical wavelength is 1160nm, and flashlight and ideler frequency light are by polarization splitting prism 6 light beams separately; And remaining 1064nm laser is divided into the two-way 1064nm laser of constant power behind Amici prism 7, one road 1064nm laser is successively through the first half-wave plate 8.7, behind the first speculum 8.1, with successively through the 3rd speculum 8.3, the second half-wave plate 8.8,999nm laser after the second speculum 8.2 is adjusted is adjusted to the conllinear direction through the first polarization splitting prism 8.11, then carry out optical difference frequency by the first nonlinear crystal 8.13 (it is certain degree that the first electric rotary table 8.14 goes to the first nonlinear crystal 8.13 optical axis directions with 999nm laser beam direction according to computer instruction) and produce 16.1 μ m laser, another road 1064nm laser is successively through the 4th speculum 8.4, behind the 3rd half-wave plate 8.9, with successively through the 5th speculum 8.5, the 4th half-wave plate 8.10,1160nm laser after the 6th speculum 8.6 is adjusted is adjusted to the conllinear direction through the second polarization splitting prism 8.12, then carries out optical difference frequency by the second nonlinear crystal 8.15 (it is certain degree that the second electric rotary table 8.16 goes to the second nonlinear crystal 8.15 optical axis directions with 1160nm laser beam direction according to computer instruction) and produces 17 μ m laser; 16.1 μ m laser is successively behind the 7th speculum 9.1, the 8th speculum 9.2, be adjusted to the conllinear direction with 17 μ m laser after adjusting through the 9th speculum 9.3 at the 3rd polarization splitting prism 9.4 places, then carry out the thz laser that optical difference frequency produces 300 μ m by the 3rd nonlinear crystal 9.5 (it is certain degree that the 3rd electric rotary table 9.6 goes to the 3rd nonlinear crystal 9.5 optical axis directions with 16.1 μ m laser beam directions according to computer instruction), the thz laser of outgoing carries out the filtering collimation through long-length filter 9.7 and polyethylene lens 9.8 successively.Computer 11 provides the system parameters instruction, changes the shoot laser wavelength of dual wavelength resonant cavity 5, and changes the location parameter of each nonlinear crystal by electric machine controller 10 each electric rotary tables of control.
The present invention further describes as follows:
Main devices
A) main pump Pu laser: the Pulse Nd that German InnoLas company produces: YAG laser, model are SpitLight200/10, wavelength 1064nm;
B) dual wavelength resonant cavity: the Surelite OPO Plus laser that U.S. Continuum company produces, use the 532nm laser pumping;
C) Amici prism: Thorlabs company model is the broadband beam splitter prism of BS011, and available band is 700-1200nm;
D) polarization splitting prism: the PBS type product that dayoptics company in Fujian produces;
E) electric rotary table: the product of Japanese Harmonic Drive Systems company.