Background technique
Electromechanical integration has become an important development direction of new century engineering field.In this integrated process, often need to will after machinery and electronics networking, as a large system, study.In the application of tradition engineering, there are two kinds of corresponding relations with electronics in machinery, a kind of is " power-voltage " correspondence, be that quality, damping and spring are corresponding with inductance, resistance and electric capacity respectively, another kind is " power-electric current " correspondence, and quality, damping and spring are corresponding with electric capacity, resistance and inductance respectively.
Above-mentioned electric network element all has two independences, end points freely, and two of inductance, resistance and electric capacity end points are not all subject to the restriction of specified reference point.Yet mass elements is not but a real two-end-point element, this is because an end points of quality is its barycenter, and another is always connected with inertial reference frame, i.e. mechanical earthing.Therefore, mass elements is in fact corresponding with the electric capacity of one end ground connection.This has greatly limited freedom and flexibility ratio when people design Mechatronic Systems, and worse, a large amount of electric network of accumulation for a long time method theoretical and research electric network can not be applied to the analysis and synthesis of mechanical network.Moreover, this undemanding correspondence has also limited the performance of passive mechanical network.Therefore, must find a kind of real two-end-point mechanical component to substitute mass elements.
Chinese patent 201010510953 discloses a kind of hydraulic inert container device (claiming again hydraulic-type energy accumulator), as spring this device the same as damper, is a kind of real two-end-point element.Therefore, with this container of being used to, substitute the mass elements in conventional mechanical system, machinery is just strictly corresponding with electric network to get up.Machinery with electric network strict corresponding after, a large amount of electric network theory and research methods just can be applied to mechanical system, comprise automobile suspension system, wheel steering system, train suspension system, building vibrating isolation system, helicopter vibrating isolation system, powered shock absorption device etc.This hydraulic inert container device comprises large oil hydraulic cylinder, small cylinder, mass block, high pressure hose A and high pressure hose B.Large oil hydraulic cylinder is connected with small cylinder with high pressure hose B by high pressure hose A, and wherein large hydraulic cylinder piston is divided into two chambeies cylinder body A, chamber A and chamber B, and piston rod stretches out from one end, chamber of cylinder body.Small cylinder piston is divided into two chambeies cylinder body B, chamber C and chamber D, and piston rod stretches out from D one end, chamber of cylinder body.Mass block is connected with the end of stretching out the piston rod B of small cylinder.After connection, it is a chamber that the large chamber A of oil hydraulic cylinder and the chamber D of small cylinder are just communicated with, and it is a chamber that the large chamber B of oil hydraulic cylinder and the chamber C of small cylinder are just communicated with.When external force is during along the piston rod that axially puts on large oil hydraulic cylinder of piston rod and cylinder body, piston is done straight line motion with respect to cylinder body, promote fluid and flow to small cylinder from large oil hydraulic cylinder, make the piston both sides in small cylinder form pressure reduction, pressure differential small cylinder piston movement, finally drives mass block motion.In fact, in movement process, piston will be done straight line motion with respect to oil hydraulic cylinder, and the hanger at large oil hydraulic cylinder two ends is exactly two end points of hydraulic inert container device.The kinetic equations of hydraulic inert container device is

, wherein
f,
awith
brepresent to be respectively applied to the relative acceleration of power on two-end-point, two-end-point and be used to hold coefficient (claiming again scaling factor), being used to hold coefficient can be calculated with the ratio of the useful area of piston B by quality and the piston A of mass block.According to kinetic equations, the quality and the piston A that change mass block just can obtain having the suitable hydraulic inert container device of being used to hold coefficient with the ratio of the useful area of piston B.Hydraulic inert container device has overcome shortcoming that can not be strictly corresponding between machinery and electric network.
Although designed hydraulic inert container device, hydraulic inert container device can not be realized the adjusting of accumulator energy storage according to actual needs.
Therefore, in engineering, in the urgent need to a kind of adjustable-hydraulic-type energy accumulator, can solve hydraulic-type energy accumulator and can not realize according to actual needs the adjustable problem of accumulator energy storage.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: overcome the shortcoming of said apparatus, provide a kind of adjustable-hydraulic-type energy accumulator to make it according to actual demand, realize accumulator energy storage adjustable.
The present invention solves this technical problem adopted technological scheme: adjustable-hydraulic-type energy accumulator comprises large oil hydraulic cylinder, small cylinder, mass block and adjusting mechanism.Two chambeies in large oil hydraulic cylinder and two chambeies in small cylinder are corresponding connections, and mass block is connected with the end of small cylinder piston rod.When external force is during along the piston rod that axially puts on large oil hydraulic cylinder of piston rod and cylinder body, piston is done straight line motion with respect to cylinder body, promote fluid and flow to small cylinder from large oil hydraulic cylinder, make the piston both sides in small cylinder form pressure reduction, pressure differential small cylinder piston movement, the final mass block that drives moves, thereby obtains the feature of being used to container.Adjusting mechanism is connected with small cylinder with large oil hydraulic cylinder respectively by solenoid directional control valve, solenoid directional control valve adopts the form of 3-position 4-way, when left and right electromagnet is all during no electric circuit, valve core of the electromagnetic valve is in meta, large oil hydraulic cylinder and small cylinder hollow piston rod inner chamber are communicated with, now quality of regulation piece store kinetic energy not; When right electromagnet energising, quantitative hydraulic pump injects large oil hydraulic cylinder hollow piston rod inner chamber by fluid by hydraulic fluid port E by means of throttle valve, mass block velocity variations, and accumulator energy storage changes; When left electromagnet energising, quantitative hydraulic pump injects small cylinder hollow piston rod inner chamber by fluid by hydraulic fluid port F by means of throttle valve, mass block velocity variations, and accumulator energy storage changes.
The concrete technological scheme of patent of the present invention is:
The present invention includes large oil hydraulic cylinder, small cylinder, high pressure hose A, high pressure hose B, mass block and adjusting mechanism.
Large oil hydraulic cylinder comprises cylinder body A and the piston rod A that is placed on the piston A in cylinder body A and is connected with piston A, piston A divides coelosis A and chamber B cylinder body A, in the A of chamber, near cylinder body A end, be provided with a hydraulic fluid port A, in the B of chamber, near cylinder body A end, be provided with a hydraulic fluid port B, piston rod A stretches out from A one end, chamber of cylinder body A, the other end of piston rod A is enclosed within outside hollow piston rod C, the other end of hollow piston rod C passes from piston A center, and stretch out from the chamber B of cylinder body A, cylinder body A upper end is provided with a hydraulic fluid port E, is connected with the solenoid directional control valve working oil chamber E of adjusting mechanism.
Small cylinder comprises cylinder body B and the piston rod B that is placed on the piston B in cylinder body B and is connected with piston B, piston B divides coelosis C and chamber D cylinder body B, in the C of chamber, near cylinder body B end, be provided with a hydraulic fluid port C, in the D of chamber, near cylinder body B end, be provided with a hydraulic fluid port D, piston rod B stretches out from D one end, chamber of cylinder body B, the other end of piston rod B is enclosed within outside hollow piston rod D, the other end of hollow piston rod D passes from piston B center, and stretch out from the chamber C of cylinder body B, cylinder body B lower end is provided with a hydraulic fluid port F, is connected with the solenoid directional control valve working oil chamber F of adjusting mechanism.
The two ends of high pressure hose A are connected with hydraulic fluid port D with hydraulic fluid port A respectively, the two ends of high pressure hose B are connected with hydraulic fluid port C with hydraulic fluid port B respectively, after connection, it is a chamber that the large chamber A of oil hydraulic cylinder and the chamber D of small cylinder are just communicated with, it is a chamber that the large chamber B of oil hydraulic cylinder and the chamber C of small cylinder are just communicated with, and is all full of fluid in two chambeies.
The ratio of the useful area of chamber A and chamber D inner carrier A and piston B (it is long-pending that piston area deducts the cross sections of piston rod) equals the ratio of chamber B and chamber C inner carrier A and the area of piston B.In order to guarantee that the present invention has enough large scaling factor, chamber A and chamber D inner carrier A should be greater than with the ratio of the useful area of piston B.
Mass block is connected with the end of stretching out the piston rod B of small cylinder.
Adjusting mechanism comprises solenoid directional control valve and the throttle valve being connected with solenoid directional control valve and the quantitative hydraulic pump being connected with throttle valve and relief valve, the fuel tank being connected with relief valve with quantitative hydraulic pump in addition, the working oil chamber E of solenoid directional control valve is connected with the hydraulic fluid port E of large oil hydraulic cylinder, the working oil chamber F of solenoid directional control valve is connected with the hydraulic fluid port F of small cylinder, solenoid directional control valve oil suction chamber P is connected with one end of throttle valve, the other end of throttle valve is connected with relief valve with quantitative hydraulic pump, the other end of quantitative hydraulic pump is connected with fuel tank, and the other end of relief valve is connected with fuel tank.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
The present invention includes large oil hydraulic cylinder 1, small cylinder 13, high pressure hose A14, high pressure hose B11, mass block 12 and adjusting mechanism 23.
Large oil hydraulic cylinder 1 comprises cylinder body A2 and the piston rod A4 that is placed on the piston A7 in cylinder body A2 and is connected with piston A7, piston A7 divides coelosis A6 and chamber B8 cylinder body A2, in the A6 of chamber, near cylinder body A2 end, be provided with a hydraulic fluid port A3, in the B8 of chamber, near cylinder body A2 end, be provided with a hydraulic fluid port B10, piston rod A4 stretches out from A6 one end, chamber of cylinder body A2, the other end of piston rod A4 is enclosed within outside hollow piston rod C5, the other end of hollow piston rod C5 passes from piston A7 center, and stretch out from the chamber B8 of cylinder body A2, cylinder body A2 upper end is provided with a hydraulic fluid port E, be connected with the solenoid directional control valve 26 working oil chamber E of adjusting mechanism 23.
Small cylinder 13 comprises cylinder body B16 and the piston rod B17 that is placed on the piston B20 in cylinder body B16 and is connected with piston B20, piston B20 divides coelosis C21 and chamber D19 cylinder body B16, in the C21 of chamber, near cylinder body B16 end, be provided with a hydraulic fluid port C22, in the D19 of chamber, near cylinder body B16 end, be provided with a hydraulic fluid port D15, piston rod B17 stretches out from D19 one end, chamber of cylinder body B16, the other end of piston rod B17 is enclosed within outside hollow piston rod D18, the other end of hollow piston rod D18 passes from piston B20 center, and stretch out from the chamber C21 of cylinder body B16, cylinder body B16 lower end is provided with a hydraulic fluid port F, be connected with the solenoid directional control valve 26 working oil chamber F of adjusting mechanism 23.
The two ends of high pressure hose A14 are connected with hydraulic fluid port D15 with hydraulic fluid port A3 respectively, the two ends of high pressure hose B11 are connected with hydraulic fluid port C22 with hydraulic fluid port B10 respectively, after connection, it is a chamber that the large chamber A6 of oil hydraulic cylinder 1 and the chamber D19 of small cylinder 13 are just communicated with, it is a chamber that the large chamber B8 of oil hydraulic cylinder 1 and the chamber C21 of small cylinder 13 are just communicated with, and is all full of fluid 9 in two chambeies.
The ratio of the useful area of A6He chamber, chamber D19 inner carrier A7 and piston B20 (it is long-pending that piston area deducts the cross sections of piston rod) equals the ratio of B8He chamber, chamber C21 inner carrier A7 and the area of piston B20.In order to guarantee that the present invention has enough large scaling factor, A6He chamber, chamber D19 inner carrier A7 should be greater than 3 with the ratio of the useful area of piston B20.
Mass block 12 is connected with the end of stretching out the piston rod B17 of small cylinder 13.
Adjusting mechanism 23 comprises solenoid directional control valve 26 and the throttle valve 27 being connected with solenoid directional control valve 26 and the quantitative hydraulic pump 28 being connected with throttle valve 27 and relief valve 25, the fuel tank 24 being connected with relief valve 25 with quantitative hydraulic pump 28 in addition, the working oil chamber E of solenoid directional control valve 26 is connected with the hydraulic fluid port E of large oil hydraulic cylinder 1, the working oil chamber F of solenoid directional control valve 26 is connected with the hydraulic fluid port F of small cylinder 13, solenoid directional control valve 26 oil suction chamber P are connected with one end of throttle valve 27, the other end of throttle valve 27 is connected with relief valve 25 with quantitative hydraulic pump 28, the other end of quantitative hydraulic pump 28 is connected with fuel tank 24, the other end of relief valve 25 is connected with fuel tank 24.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, specific implementation process of the present invention is described further.
As shown in Figure 1, when waiting large reverse external force
f, while putting on vertically piston rod A4 and cylinder body A2, the piston A7 that piston rod A4 promotes in large oil hydraulic cylinder 1 does straight line motion with respect to cylinder body A2, the fluid of chamber B8 flows to chamber C21 by high pressure hose B11 from chamber B8, the pressure of B8He chamber, chamber C21 inner fluid increases and forms zone of high pressure, the fluid of chamber D19 flows to chamber A6 by hydraulic hose A14 from chamber D19 simultaneously, the pressure of D19He chamber, chamber A6 inner fluid reduces to form low pressure area, so piston B20 both sides have formed pressure reduction, pressure differential piston B20 is one side motion to chamber D19 together with piston rod B17, the final mass block 12 that drives moves.Result is, external force promotes mass blockes 12 motions by large oil hydraulic cylinder 1 and small cylinder 13, thereby obtained the feature of accumulator, and in fact, hydraulic-type energy accumulator is exactly by two oil hydraulic cylinders, the inertia of mass block 12 have been encapsulated.When if external force puts on piston rod A4 and cylinder body A2 with contrary direction, piston B20 is with contrary direction motion, and this is a contrary process.Solenoid directional control valve 26 in adjusting mechanism 23 is connected with small cylinder 13 with large oil hydraulic cylinder 1 respectively, solenoid directional control valve 26 adopts the form of 3-position 4-way, when left and right electromagnet is all during no electric circuit, valve core of the electromagnetic valve is in meta, large oil hydraulic cylinder 1 and small cylinder 13 hollow piston rod inner chambers are communicated with, now the store kinetic energy of quality of regulation piece 12 not; When right electromagnet energising, quantitative hydraulic pump 28 injects large oil hydraulic cylinder 1 hollow piston rod C5 inner chamber by fluid by hydraulic fluid port E by means of throttle valve 27, mass block 12 velocity variations, and accumulator energy storage changes; When left electromagnet energising, quantitative hydraulic pump 28 injects small cylinder hollow piston rod D18 inner chamber by fluid by hydraulic fluid port F by means of throttle valve 27, mass block 12 velocity variations, and accumulator energy storage changes.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, feature of the present invention is described further.
The same as spring, damper and electric capacity, resistance and inductance, accumulator is also a kind of ideal element, while therefore actual device being abstracted into accumulator, must neglect some less important factors, such as less sliding friction, also have as desirable hydraulic damper, ignore the quality of piston, piston rod, piston cylinder and fluid, for the present invention, will do equally the idealized processing of ignoring secondary cause.
To energy-storage travelling wave tube, the power that the power of input element and element absorb equates, can obtain accordingly hydraulic-type energy accumulator scaling factor and be
Wherein, the gross mass of piston rod B17, piston B20 and mass block 12 is
m, piston A7 and piston B20 useful area are respectively
s r with
s r .
According to formula (1), can recently design a hydraulic-type energy accumulator with required scaling factor by what adjust the quality of mass block 12 and the useful area of piston A7 and piston B20.From formula (1), even if 12 given less quality of quality also can obtain larger scaling factor.
Put on large oil hydraulic cylinder two ends, the power of opposite sign but equal magnitude
fbe directly proportional to the relative acceleration of crossing over element two ends:
The energy of storing in accumulator is so:
……………………(3)
Wherein,
,
for the speed at element two ends, b is accumulator scaling factor.
As shown in Figure 2, solenoid directional control valve 26 in adjusting mechanism 23 is connected with small cylinder 13 with large oil hydraulic cylinder 1 respectively, quantitative hydraulic pump 28 regulates by means of throttle valve 27 flow that enters hollow piston rod (C or D) inner chamber, when hollow piston rod (C or D) inner chamber fuel delivery needs over it, unnecessary fluid flows back to fuel tank 24 from relief valve 25, and the while is keeping system (hydraulic pressure delivery side of pump) constant pressure again.
Throttle valve 27 is used for the movement velocity of quality of regulation piece 12, and the flow formula by throttle valve 27 is:
……………………(4)
Wherein, k is by the section configuration of restriction and the coefficient of size and the decision of fluid character; The index of n for being determined by restriction shape, generally in 0.5 ~ 1 scope, while being similar to thin-wall hole, close to 0.5, while being similar to elongated orifices, close to 1; A is the flow area of restriction.
Solenoid directional control valve 26 adopts the form of 3-position 4-way, " Y " type Median Function.When left and right electromagnet is all during no electric circuit, valve core of the electromagnetic valve is in meta, and hollow piston rod inner chamber is communicated with, now the store kinetic energy of quality of regulation piece 12 not.
When right electromagnet energising, quantitative hydraulic pump 28 injects large oil hydraulic cylinder hollow piston rod C5 inner chamber by means of throttle valve 27 fluid by hydraulic fluid port E, mass block 12 velocity variations, and accumulator energy storage changes.The speed changing is:
……………………(5)
Wherein, Q is the flow by throttle valve, A
ruseful area for large oil hydraulic cylinder hollow piston rod C5 inner chamber.
When left electromagnet energising, quantitative hydraulic pump 28 injects small cylinder hollow piston rod D18 inner chamber by fluid by hydraulic fluid port F by means of throttle valve 27, mass block 12 velocity variations, and accumulator energy storage changes.The speed changing is:
Wherein, Q is the flow by throttle valve, A
ruseful area for small cylinder hollow piston rod D18 inner chamber.
From formula (2)~(6), being changed to of accumulator stored energy: