CN102343446A - Vibration absorbing structure of cutting tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a shock-absorbing structure of a cutting tool, which comprises a shock absorber, a cutting tool and a cutting tool, wherein a thread section is formed on the surface of the shock absorber; the tool bar is internally provided with a pocket groove, the wall of the pocket groove is provided with an internal thread for the shock absorber to be screwed in the pocket groove and sealed, and the internal thread of the pocket groove and the thread section of the shock absorber are meshed with each other and have a gap, so that the shock absorber alternately impacts the internal thread at the opposite position according to inertia along with the vibration of the tool bar during cutting, and the aim of attenuating the vibration of the cutting tool is fulfilled.

Description

Vibration-absorbing structure of cutting tools

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of cutting tools, in particular to a shock absorbing structure capable of attenuating the vibration amplitude of cutting tools during processing.

Background technique

During processing, the workpiece causes chatter to the cutting tool, which seriously affects the precision of cutting. Therefore, a damper is installed inside the tool holder to reduce the chatter of the cutting tool. This damping method is widely known in the same industry, and there are too many related patent documents, for example: Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-96403, No. 2003-62703, No. 2003-136301, No. 2005-177973, or Kaiping No. 6-31505, No. 6-31507, or Patent No. 2979823 and other bulletins.

Among them, although the cutting tools recorded in the 301 and 507 cases all use the inertia of the shock absorber to reduce or eliminate chatter, however, the 301 patent case discloses that "the cutting tool opens a hole from the rear end of the handle, and the front end of the hole A shock absorber is placed close to the tip of the tool, and a superhard core rod is inserted into the remaining hollow part of the hole", and the 507 patent discloses that "a deep hole is formed in the center of the tool handle of the cutting tool, and a viscous fluid and a balance weight are arranged in it. ".

As disclosed in the 823 patent case, the hole of the tool body is inserted into the rod spring, and the elastic body is interposed between the rod spring and the hole, and a cutting head is arranged at the front end of the rod spring. A frictional shock-absorbing material is arranged between the cutting head and the tool body, which can The vibration energy is converted into frictional heat to reduce the vibration transmitted to the tool body.

The cutting tools of these three patents, because the handle has a deep hole, the shock absorber is inserted into this hole, it is not suitable for the small diameter handle, and its deep hole processing has to be completed with a deep hole drill, so relatively The processing cost is increased, and the cost is higher. In addition to limiting the diameter of the tool holder, the insertion of the cutting tool into the wide hollow part of the shock absorber will also reduce the rigidity of the tool holder and complicate the structure, which will cause problems such as increased cost.

In addition, in the cutting tool disclosed in the '505 patent, shock absorbers of different materials are embedded in the insertion holes of the tool handle, and the vibration is attenuated by the contact friction between the tool handle and the shock absorber. 403 and 703 patent cases are to pack shock-absorbing material inside the tool body to absorb vibration energy and attenuate vibration. In addition to the above-mentioned same problems in these patent cases, the shock-absorbing material for absorbing vibration energy needs to use manganese-copper element Mn-Cu shock-absorbing alloy with high attenuation performance, but most of these alloys have high price and poor processability. Therefore, it is difficult to realize a cutting tool that is superior in both performance and cost.

Therefore, low cost and good vibration suppression effect have become the focus of the 973 patent case. This patent discloses a shock-proof cutting tool. A polygonal pocket groove is provided on the handle of the cutting tool, and the shock-absorbing component is accommodated in the groove. The shape of this shock absorbing component can be strip, cylinder, polygon or polygon, etc. There is no connection to the tool handle, and there is a gap between it and the inner wall of the bag groove. During processing vibration, it will alternately collide with the relative position due to inertia. The inner wall of the bag groove attenuates the chatter of cutting tools.

However, if the gap between the shock-absorbing assembly and the inner wall of the bag groove is too large, the energy of alternating collisions will be greater, which is not conducive to the shock-absorbing of the cutting tool. If the distance between the shock-absorbing component and the inner wall of the bag groove is too small, the impact energy will be smaller, and the shock-absorbing effect will naturally be unsatisfactory.

In view of this, the designer deeply explores the problems of the prior art, and with years of experience in research and development and manufacturing of related industries, actively seeks a solution, and finally successfully develops the present invention to improve the problems of conventional creation.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a shock-absorbing structure of a cutting tool, which can effectively attenuate the vibration of the cutting tool by using the loosening feature of the screw teeth of the shock absorber in the cutting tool meshing with each other and alternately hitting the screw teeth of the opposite parts through inertia. Shock amplitude.

For reaching above-mentioned purpose, technical solution of the present invention is:

A shock-absorbing structure for a cutting tool, which includes: a shock absorber, a thread section formed on the surface; a cutter bar, one end of which is a rod head for blade installation, and a pocket groove formed on the wall of the cutter rod. An internal thread, the shock absorber is screwed inside the bag groove and closes the notch, and the internal thread of the bag groove and the thread section of the shock absorber are engaged with each other to form a gap.

The cutter rod is provided with at least one elastic body inside the closed bag groove, and the elastic body is against the end of the shock absorber to limit the one-way displacement of the shock absorber.

The outside of the shock absorber falls into an elongated groove, and a stopper protrudes from the closed pocket groove at a relative position, and the stopper is inserted into the elongated groove to limit the rotation angle of the shock absorber.

The shock absorber sinks into a recess in the threaded section in the radial direction, and a stopper protrudes from the groove wall at the opposite position of the bag groove, and the stopper is inserted into the recess to limit the rotation angle of the shock absorber.

The shock absorber is a cylinder whose density is greater than that of the knife rod and can be cut. The threaded section is formed on the outer surface of the cylinder and is loosely screwed together with the internal thread of the pocket groove of the knife rod.

The shock absorber includes: a cylinder with a density greater than that of the knife rod; a sleeve, which accommodates the cylinder and cannot be separated, and the threaded section is formed on the outer surface of the sleeve to loosely screw with the internal thread of the knife rod pocket groove. connected together.

The kit has a chamber that sinks into the end of the kit for the column to be placed in, and a plug is fixed at the opening of the chamber.

The gap between the inner thread of the bag groove and the thread section of the shock absorber is 0.01-0.5 mm.

The rod head is separated from the knife rod to have a protruding outer combining column, and the combining column is used to close the opening of the bag groove, and the knife rod and the rod head are welded together.

The present invention adopts the above-mentioned scheme, because the internal thread of the knife rod pocket groove and the threaded section of the shock absorber are engaged with each other and there is a gap, and the depth of the closed pocket groove is greater than the length of the shock absorber, resulting in screw connection in the knife rod pocket groove The shock absorber is quite loose. Although the reasonable range of this gap is about 0.01 ~ 0.5mm, it is still helpful for the shock absorber enclosed in the bag groove to vibrate as the cutting tool performs machining operations, and it is timely for the inertial movement. Response, the thread segments alternately collide with the internal thread at the opposite position to attenuate the chatter amplitude of the cutting tool.

In addition, the kinetic energy of the cutting tool due to chatter, coupled with the inertial force of the shock absorber hitting the relative position of the pocket groove, will easily make the shock absorber rotate and move forward or backward along the thread. This displacement is limited by the following construction:

Firstly, the knife rod is provided with at least one elastic body in the closed bag groove, and the elastic body is against the end of the shock absorber to limit the one-way displacement of the shock absorber. Preferably, an elastic body is respectively resisted at both ends of the shock absorber, and the movement range of the shock absorber is maintained at the middle part of the bag groove through the pressure of the elastic force.

Second, the outside of the shock absorber falls into an elongated groove, and the closed bag groove protrudes a limiter at a relative position, which is inserted into the elongated groove to limit the angular range of the shock absorber's rotation. Because there are some gaps between the wall surface of the elongated groove and the outer surface of the limiter, the shock absorber can still impact the pocket groove at the opposite position according to inertia, and even move forward or backward along the thread. However, the angle of rotation is limited, and the amount of displacement, whether moving forward or backward, is smaller than that of a shock absorber without any interference.

Third, the shock absorber sinks into a recess in the threaded section in the radial direction, and a stopper protrudes from the groove wall at the opposite position of the bag groove, which can be inserted into the recess to limit the rotation angle range of the shock absorber. Similarly, there is still a slight gap between the outer surface of the limiting member and the wall of the recess, so that the shock absorber will impact the pocket groove at the opposite position according to inertia, and even move forward or backward along the thread. However, the angle of rotation is limited, and the amount of displacement, whether moving forward or backward, is smaller than that of a shock absorber without any interference.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the perspective view of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the combined perspective view of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the combined sectional view of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 3;

Fig. 5 is the sectional view of the second preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a third preferred embodiment of the present invention, showing the structure of a shock absorber;

Fig. 7 is the combined sectional view of the third preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a combined sectional view of a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a combined sectional view of a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a combined sectional view of a sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a combined sectional view of the seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Description of main component symbols

100 Cutting Tool 10 Rod Head 11 Combination Column

12 blade 13 external thread 14 cutting end

20 Cutter Bar 21 Bag Slot 22 Internal Thread

30, 50 shock absorber 31, 52 cylinder 32, 55 threaded section

33, 56 elongated groove 40 elastic body 41 coil

51 Kit 53 Stuffing 54 Compartment

60 limit pieces 61 rectangular blocks 62 short rods

63 Hole 64 Recess A Welding point

d gap P component force S distance

W inertial force

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

1 to 4 show a cutting tool 100 composed of a rod head 10 , a tool holder 20 and a shock absorber 30 . Wherein, the rod head 10 has a coupling column 11 and a blade 12. The coupling column 11 is located outside the rod head 10 and faces the direction of the cutter bar 20. A section of external thread 13 is formed on the surface, and the blade 12 is locked on the rod. The cutting end 14 of the head 10 is free to disassemble. The cutter bar 20 is in a cylindrical shape, and a pocket groove 21 deep into the cutter bar 20 is chiseled along the length direction toward the end surface of the tip 10 , and an internal thread 22 is formed on the wall surface of the pocket pocket 21 . As for the shock absorber 30, it is a cylinder 31 in the present embodiment. The density of the cylinder 31 is greater than that of the tool holder 20 and can be cut. Assuming that the material of the tool holder is iron or a ferrous alloy of metal elements, since the density of iron is about 7.87× 103kg/m3, so metal materials or alloys with a density greater than iron can be made into the required columns of the present invention, such as: copper metal or copper-containing alloys with a density of about 8.96×103kg/m3; or about 11.34×103kg/m3 m3 of lead metal or lead-containing alloy; or tungsten metal or tungsten-containing alloy with a density of about 19.25×103kg/m3, the cylinder 31 is provided with a threaded section 32 on the periphery, and the end surface is inserted into a long groove 33.

Inserting a tool into the elongated groove 33 can turn the cylinder 31 into the inside of the bag groove 21 . Since the depth of the bag groove 21 is greater than the length of the column body 31, the opening of the bag groove 21 can be locked into the coupling column 11 to be closed, and the joint between the rod head 10 and the cutter bar 20 is welded to form at least one welding point A, allowing the two to be combined In one piece, the column body 31 is prevented from coming out of the bag groove 21 .

When in use, install the end of the cutter bar 20 different from the blade 12 in a cutting device (not shown in the figure), and drive the cutter bar 20 to perform actions such as feeding or retracting. During the feeding period, the blade 12 performs a cutting operation on the workpiece (not shown in the figure), and the reaction force exerted by the workpiece on the blade 12 will cause the cutting tool 100 to vibrate continuously.

It can be seen from the drawing that the two ends of the cylinder 31 face the bottom of the bag groove 21 and the end surface of the coupling column 11 respectively maintain a distance S, and there is a gap d between the internal thread 22 and the threaded segment 32 that engage with each other, and then In addition, the depth of the closed bag groove 21 is greater than the length of the shock absorber cylinder 31, causing the cylinder 31 to be quite loose in the bag groove 21. Although the range of the gap d is about 0.01-0.5mm, the distance is short and The response is fast, and the density of the cylinder 31 is greater than that of the cutter bar 20, so the cylinder 31 will still generate an inertial force W due to the vibration of the cutter bar 20, so that the threads of the thread segment 32 alternately collide with the threads of the internal thread 22 at the opposite position, and The kinetic energy of the cutter bar 20 is suppressed with the weak component force P, so as to achieve the purpose of attenuating the vibration amplitude of the cutting tool 100 .

Based on the description of the cutting tool 100 above, the following embodiments are further derived for the damping structure.

The shock absorbing structure in FIG. 5 is similar to the previous embodiment, the difference lies in that two elastic bodies 40 are respectively welded to the bottom of the bag groove 21 and the end surface of the coupling column 11 . The elastic body 40 is a reed in this embodiment, accommodated between the bottom of the pocket groove 21 and the end surface of the coupling post 11 at both ends of the shock absorber 30 , and resists the two ends of the shock absorber 30 . The kinetic energy of the cutting tool due to chatter, plus the inertia force of the shock absorber hitting the relative position of the pocket groove, will easily make the shock absorber 30 rotate and move forward or backward along the thread, so an additional set is added in the closed pocket groove 21. The elastic body 40 is against the end of the shock absorber 30 , the shock absorber 30 is affected by the elastic force of the elastic body 40 , and the stroke of limiting inertial movement is maintained in the middle of the closed bag groove 21 .

6 and 7 are changes to the shock absorber 50, which are made up of a sleeve 51, a column 52 and a packing 53 instead. The sleeve 51 is in the shape of a stud and deep in a chamber 54 on the end face. The density of the sleeve 51 is lower than that of the cylinder 52 , such as iron or ferrous alloy of metallic elements, and a thread segment 55 is formed on its surface. The cylinder 52 is a smooth-surfaced metal rod that is denser than the sleeve 51 or the tool holder 20 . The packing part 53 has the same shape as the cross-section of the cabin 54, and the outward side is sunken into an elongated groove 56.

In this embodiment, the cylinder 52 is inserted into the inside of the compartment 54 and has a tight fit relationship with the sleeve 51, and then the filling member 53 is blocked to the opening of the compartment 54, and is welded together with the sleeve 51 to make the cylinder 52 is enclosed inside the casing 51 and cannot be separated.

Inserting a tool into the elongated slot 56 can turn the sleeve 51 into the inside of the bag slot 21 . Because the length of the sleeve 51 is less than the depth of the bag groove 21, the combination column 11 is locked into the opening of the bag groove 21 to be closed, and a welding point A is welded at the junction of the rod head 10 and the cutter bar 20, so that the two are combined as one, preventing the sleeve 51 left.

The shock-absorbing structure shown in FIG. 8 is similar to the above-mentioned embodiment, the difference lies in that two elastic bodies are respectively welded to the bottom of the bag groove 21 and the end surface of the coupling column 11 . The elastic body in this embodiment refers to a coil 41 , which is accommodated between the bottom of the pocket groove 21 and the end surface of the coupling column 11 at both ends of the shock absorber 50 , and resists the two ends of the shock absorber 50 . The shock absorber 50 is affected by the elastic force of the coil 41 , and the stroke of limiting inertial movement is maintained at the middle part of the closed bag groove 21 .

FIG. 9 shows a shock absorbing structure similar to that in FIG. 8 , except that two stoppers 60 are added. In this embodiment, one of the stoppers 60 is a rectangular block 61 protruding from the end surface of the rod head 10 combined with the column 11 , and its volume is smaller than the volume of the elongated slot 56 of the stuffing piece 53 so that it can be inserted into the slot. Another limiter 60 is a short rod 62, a part of the rod body is embedded in the hole 63 that runs through the wall of the cutter bar 20, and the rest of the rod body enters a recess that is recessed outside the shock absorber 50 through the pocket groove 21. Within 64. Although the recess 64 passes through the threaded section 55 along the diameter direction and goes straight to the axis of the cylinder 52 as shown in the figure, the possibility of directly penetrating the cylinder 52 is not ruled out.

These limiting members 60 have the effect of limiting the rotation angle of the rotating shock absorber 50 . To put it simply, the shock absorber 50 rotates 360 degrees along the thread to achieve a displacement of a tooth pitch length, but the shock absorber 50 interfered by the limiter 60 can only rotate within a limited range. For example, within 5°, within 15°, etc., regardless of the amount of displacement moving forward or backward, it is smaller than the shock absorber 50 without any interference, so the range of motion remains in the middle of the bag groove 21.

FIG. 10 shows the implementation of the limiting member 60 in the shock absorbing structure of FIG. 3 . The stopper 60 in the figure is a rectangular block 61 protruding from the end face of the rod head 10 combined with the column 11 , and its volume is smaller than the volume of the elongated groove 33 of the column body 31 , so the rectangular block 61 can be inserted into the elongated groove 33 .

FIG. 11 shows that the limiting member 60 is implemented in the shock absorbing structure of FIG. 5 . The stopper 60 of the drawing is a short rod 62, and the part of the rod body is embedded in the hole 63 that runs through the wall of the cutter bar 20. Inside the recess 64 . Although the concave portion 64 passes through the threaded section 32 along the diameter direction and goes straight to the axis of the cylinder 31 as shown in the figure, the possibility of directly penetrating the cylinder 31 is not ruled out.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, not for limiting the present invention. Various changes, modifications and applications derived from the above-mentioned embodiments by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A shock absorbing structure of a cutting tool, characterized in that: comprising, a shock absorber having a threaded segment formed on the surface; One knife rod, one end is the rod head for blade installation, there is a pocket groove inside the knife pole, an internal thread is formed on the groove wall, the shock absorber is screwed inside the pocket groove and closes the notch, the pocket groove internal thread and the damping The threaded segments of the vibrator engage each other with a gap. 2. The shock-absorbing structure of the cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the knife rod is provided with at least one elastic body in the closed pocket, and the elastic body is against the end of the shock absorber to limit The one-way displacement of the shock absorber. 3. The shock-absorbing structure of a cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outside of the shock absorber sinks into an elongated groove, and a stopper protrudes from the closed pocket groove at the opposite position, and the stopper Insert into the elongated slot to limit the angle of rotation of the shock absorber. 4. The shock-absorbing structure of a cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shock absorber sinks into a recess in the thread section in the radial direction, and a stopper protrudes from the groove wall at the opposite position of the pocket groove, The limiting member is inserted into the recess to limit the rotation angle of the shock absorber. 5. The shock absorbing structure of a cutting tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the shock absorber is a cylinder whose density is greater than that of the cutter bar and can be cut, and the threaded section It is formed on the outer surface of the cylinder and is loosely screwed together with the internal thread of the knife rod pocket groove. 6. The shock-absorbing structure of a cutting tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the shock absorber comprises: a cylinder with a density greater than that of the cutter shaft; a sleeve, which accommodates the cylinder and Inseparable, the threaded segment is formed on the outer surface of the sleeve and is loosely screwed together with the inner thread of the knife rod pocket groove. 7 . The vibration-absorbing structure of a cutting tool according to claim 6 , wherein the casing has a chamber, the chamber is sunk into the end of the casing for the cylinder to be inserted into, and a stuffing piece is fixed at the opening of the chamber. 8. The shock-absorbing structure of a cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the gap between the inner thread of the pocket groove and the thread section of the shock absorber is 0.01-0.5 mm. 9. The shock-absorbing structure of a cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rod head is separated from the tool rod to have a joint column protruding from the outside, so as to close the opening of the bag groove with the joint post, and the tool rod and the rod head Welded together.

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