CN102328595B - Electric transmission device of electric wheel mining truck - Google Patents
Electric transmission device of electric wheel mining truck Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electric transmission device of an electric wheel mining truck, which belongs to the technical field of power transmission of mining trucks. The electric transmission device of the electric wheel mining truck comprises an accelerator pedal, a brake pedal, a gear position handle, a controller, an engine, an alternating current generator, a rectifier, a frequency converter I, a frequency converter II, a radiating fan, a resistance grid I, a resistance grid II, an electric braking converter I, an electric braking converter II, a speed sensor, a mechanical brake, alternating current motors, a wheel-side speed reducer, a left wheel pair and a right wheel pair. The electric transmission device has the beneficial effects that the device follows the principle of giving priority to brake, the left wheel pair and the right wheel pair are driven by the independent alternating current motors, each alternating current motor is controlled by the independent frequency converter, and the controller can compare the driving powers of the left wheel pair and the right wheel pair to the alternating current motors, realize the balanced driving force of the left wheel pair and the right wheel pair and prevent the deviation of the mining truck; secondly, a mechanical system does not exist between the left wheel pair and the right wheel pair for directly connecting the left wheel pair with the right wheel pair, the left wheel pair and the right wheel pair are kept independent mutually, and the different rotational speeds of the left wheel pair and the right wheel pair are allowed during the turning process, thereby realizing flexible differential speed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric actuator, specifically is a kind of electric drive wheel mine truck electric actuator, belongs to the power transmission technical field of mine truck.
Background technology
Mine truck is the key equipment during surface mine exploitation and the extensive earthwork are built, and is for the professional equipment of ore or cubic metre of earth transportation, has characteristics such as load-carrying is big, work efficiency height.According to the difference of type of drive, mine truck is divided into two big class, i.e. mechanical transmission-type and fax dynamic formulas.Mechanical drive adopts the type of drive of driving engine+change speed gear box+diff, and characteristics are driving efficiency height, the transmission system complicated in mechanical structure, and the moment of torsion that can transmit is limited, and general little tonnage mine truck adopts mechanical drive.Along with the increase of mine truck tonnage, the rising of driving torque can't the employed large-scale power-transfer clutch of manufacturing machine transmission or turbine transformer, and mechanically operated mode is restricted, and electric drive system is born thus.The moving mode transmission of adopting diesel engine+electrical generator+wheel hub motor of fax has replaced mechanical mechanisms such as traditional driving engine, change speed gear box, diff, thereby has made driving system greatly simple and reliable, can transmit bigger moment.Advantages such as on the other hand, fax is moving, and to have a tractive property good, and hill climbing ability is strong, can realize infinite speed variation, operates steadily, and driving engine can be stabilized under the economic working condition and turn round, and is simple to operate, and traffic safety is reliable.In the mine truck of the whole world more than 100 tonnes, it is electric drive system that 2/3-3/4 is arranged approximately, and the above mine truck of 300t level all is electric drive system.
Along with the development of electrical generator, electrical motor and control system technology, present existing mine truck electric drive system is divided into following 3 kinds:
1, straight-dc drive system.Driving engine drives dynamo generator, and the electric energy that sends is directly supplied with DC motor, travels to drive vehicle.The advantage of this driving device is exactly not by any transfer device, so system architecture is simple.But shortcoming is that the dynamo generator volume is big, weight is big and cost is high, and transmission usefulness is low.DC motor has brush-commutated device, and brush has higher fault rate, easily causes faults such as DC machine ring fire.Carry out this driving system mine truck in early days and use to some extent, be eliminated fully at present.
2, AC-to-DC driving system.Driving engine drives alternating current generator and sends the controller alternating current, is rectified into direct current (DC) through silicon power rectifier, resupplies to drive the DC wheel hub motor that is positioned at trailing wheel.This actuation techniques is comparatively tradition, proven technique comparatively, also has a wide range of applications on the electric drive wheel mine truck at present.But with straight-dc drive system is the same, all uses DC motor, has certain defective.
3, AC-DC-AC spreads moving system.The maturation of handing over the orthogonal drive technology to be accompanied by the high power contravariant device is born, and is present up-to-date technology.Hand in the orthogonal system, driving engine drives alternator generation, the alternating current that sends is transformed into direct current (DC) through silicon controlled rectifier, filter unit, pass through inverter again, become the alternating current of voltage magnitude, frequency adjustable, driving is positioned at the wheel hub electric motor of trailing wheel then, thereby makes alternating-current motor/AC motor realize luffing, frequency control.The characteristics of this transmission are simple in structure, and the alternating-current motor/AC motor size is little in light weight, and system is reliable, and is easy to maintenance.
As everyone knows, vehicle is when turning, and the both sides tire is positioned on the different turn radiuss, and differential gear assurance both sides tire is all fitted the phenomenon of not skidding with ground between therefore needing to take turns.
For example Chinese invention patent 200680035965.8 provides the electric drive system that is used for construction machinery and equipment, comprise driving engine, electrical generator, at least one electrical motor and control system, the driving system that this patent provides still adopts differential gear between traditional mechanical type wheel, mechanical differential gear box complex structure.
Present existing electric drive system, the technical space that also makes further progress such as differential between system's composition, mode, wheel.
Summary of the invention
Problem at above-mentioned prior art exists the invention provides a kind of electric drive wheel mine truck electric actuator, follows the braking priority principle, and the startup acceleration of mine truck, the function of at the uniform velocity travel (comprising reversing), brake snub and Parking can be provided.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of electric drive wheel mine truck electric actuator comprises that acceleration pedal, brake pedal, gear handle, controller, driving engine, alternating current generator, rectifier, frequency converter, radiator fan, resistance grid, electric braking conv, tachogen, mechanical brake, alternating-current motor/AC motor, wheel reduction gear, revolver are right to, right wheel; Acceleration pedal, brake pedal and gear handle are electrically connected with controller by control circuit respectively, tachogen and controller electrically connect, driving engine is electrically connected with alternating current generator, alternating current generator is electrically connected with rectifier, rectifier is electrically connected with frequency converter, frequency converter is electrically connected with the electric braking conv, the electric braking conv is electrically connected with resistance grid, radiator fan is installed between the resistance grid, the electric braking conv is electrically connected with alternating-current motor/AC motor, the AC electrical arbor is electrically connected with mechanical brake, and the alternating-current motor/AC motor axle head is electrically connected with wheel reduction gear, alternating-current motor/AC motor and revolver to right side wheel to being electrically connected; Driving engine is accepted the accelerator open degree control that controller sends, and with the horsepower output of control driving engine, driving engine feeds back to controller with the tach signal of self simultaneously; Output current frequency, the amplitude of frequency converter are controlled by the controller; The electric braking conv is controlled by the controller; The alternating-current motor/AC motor axle head links to each other with retarder, after the retarder deceleration increases square, drives revolver respectively to right with right side wheel.
Further, alternating-current motor/AC motor and frequency converter have a plurality of, and each alternating-current motor/AC motor correspondence is electrically connected with a frequency converter;
Further, revolver keeps separate to taking turns there not being mechanical system directly to be connected with the right side;
Further, the gear handle comprises neutral gear, forward gear, reverse gear and Parking shelves;
Further, wheel reduction gear is epicyclic reduction gear.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: this device is followed the braking priority principle, the startup acceleration of mine truck, the function of at the uniform velocity travel (comprising reversing), brake snub and Parking can be provided, in the brake snub process, (more than the 3-10Km/h) is electric braking during high speed, alternating-current motor/AC motor is converted to electrical generator, and the electric energy that sends dissipates by the pattern of resistance grid with heat energy; (3-10Km/h is following) electric braking usefulness descends during low speed, switches to mechanical braking.Revolver to right side wheel to being driven by alternating-current motor/AC motor independently, each alternating-current motor/AC motor is by Frequency Converter Control independently, controller can compare revolver to the right side wheel driving power to alternating-current motor/AC motor, realize that revolver to taking turns right propulsive effort balance with the right side, prevents the mine truck sideslip, secondly, revolver is to directly linking to each other to a no mechanical system with right wheel, keep separate, left and right wheels realizes flexible differential to the rotating speed difference in the permission turning process.The operation attitude of controller control mine truck, and chaufeur is converted to the operating instruction of car load to the operation of acceleration pedal, brake pedal, driving switch, realize the control will of chaufeur, the control of other each parts is finished by controller, realizes centralized control.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structure electricity functional block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is control flow chart of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1, acceleration pedal, 2, brake pedal, 3, the gear handle, 4, controller, 5, driving engine, 6, alternating current generator, 7, rectifier, 8L, 8R, frequency converter, 9, radiator fan, 10, resistance grid, 11, the electric braking conv, 12, tachogen, 13, mechanical brake, 14, alternating-current motor/AC motor, 15, wheel reduction gear, 16L, revolver are right, and 16R, right wheel are right.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of electric drive wheel mine truck electric actuator is made up of 16R 16L and right wheel acceleration pedal 1, brake pedal 2, gear handle 3, controller 4, driving engine 5, alternating current generator 6, rectifier 7, frequency converter 8, radiator fan 9, resistance grid 10, electric braking conv 11, tachogen 12, mechanical brake 13, alternating-current motor/AC motor 14, wheel reduction gear 15, revolver; Acceleration pedal 1, brake pedal 2 and gear handle 3 are electrically connected with controller 4 by control circuit respectively, tachogen 12 electrically connects with controller 4, driving engine 5 is electrically connected with alternating current generator 6, alternating current generator 6 is electrically connected with rectifier 7, rectifier 7 is electrically connected with frequency converter 8, frequency converter 8 is electrically connected with electric braking conv 11, electric braking conv 11 is electrically connected with resistance grid 10, radiator fan 9 is installed between the resistance grid 10, electric braking conv 11 is electrically connected with alternating-current motor/ AC motor 14,14 of alternating-current motor/AC motors are electrically connected with mechanical brake 13, alternating-current motor/AC motor 14 axle heads are electrically connected with wheel reduction gear 15, and alternating-current motor/AC motor 14 is electrically connected 16R 16L and right wheel with revolver;
Described alternating-current motor/AC motor 14 and frequency converter 8 have a plurality of, and each alternating-current motor/AC motor 14 correspondence is electrically connected with a frequency converter 8;
Described revolver directly links to each other to no mechanical system between 16R with right wheel to 16L;
Described gear handle 3 comprises neutral gear, forward gear, reverse gear and Parking shelves;
Described wheel reduction gear 15 is epicyclic reduction gear;
Driving engine 5 provides propulsion source;
Alternator 6 sends controller 4 alternating current, provides each consumer of mine truck needed electric energy;
Rectifier 7 is direct current (DC) with controller 4 AC rectification;
Frequency converter 8 is converted to frequency, controller 4 alternating current that amplitude is adjustable with direct current (DC); At least one pair of alternating-current motor/AC motor 14 is used for the driving of mine truck, and alternating-current motor/AC motor 14 provides electric power by independent frequency-variable controller; Alternating-current motor/AC motor 14 axle heads link to each other with retarder 15, after retarder 15 decelerations increase square, drive revolver respectively to 16L and right the wheel 16R;
Retarder 15 structures are at least primary planet pinion retarder 15; 14 connection mechanical brakes of alternating-current motor/AC motor, for the driving and Parking braking is provided;
Radiator fan 9 provides flow perturbation, helps the heat radiation of resistance grid 10;
The core of control system is controller 4;
Acceleration pedal 1, brake pedal 2 transmit to controller 4 and trample angle signal;
11 controlled device 4 controls of electric braking conv; The tach signal that tachogen 12 will be taken turns operation passes to controller 4.
This device can provide the startup acceleration of mine truck, the function of at the uniform velocity travel (comprising reversing), brake snub and Parking.
The operation attitude of controller 4 control mine trucks, and chaufeur is converted to the operating instruction of car load to the operation of acceleration pedal 1, brake pedal 22, driving switch, realize the control will of chaufeur.The control of other each parts is finished by controller 4, realizes centralized control.
Revolver is to 16L and right the wheel 16R by independently alternating-current motor/AC motor 14 drivings, each alternating-current motor/AC motor 14 is by independently frequency converter 8 controls, controller 4 can be compared the driving power of left and right sides alternating-current motor/AC motor 14, realizes the right propulsive effort balance of left and right wheels, prevents the mine truck sideslip.
Revolver directly links to each other to no mechanical system between 16R with right wheel to 16L, keeps separate, and left and right wheels realizes flexible differential to the rotating speed difference in the permission turning process.
Left and right wheels is driven by alternating-current motor/AC motor independently 14 16, each alternating-current motor/AC motor 14 is by independently frequency converter 8 controls, controller 4 is by the power of inverter control signal CiL and CiR contrast alternating-current motor/AC motor 14L and 14R, and the power of regulating alternating-current motor/AC motor 14L and 14R makes it balance, finally show as left and right wheels 16 propulsive effort is equated, prevent the mine truck sideslip.
The electric drive system of this device belongs to hands over a kind of of orthogonal driving system, for exchanging, is direct current between rectifier 7 and the frequency converter 8 between alternating current generator 6 and rectifier 7, is alternating current after the frequency converter 8.
As shown in Figure 2, behind the startup mine truck, can realize starting the function of acceleration, at the uniform velocity travel (comprising reversing), brake snub and Parking, its velocity control accuracy △ V value can be set (as setting △ V=2km/h or △ V=Vt*5%) in controller 4.
This device is followed the braking principle of priority, and in the brake snub process, (more than the 3-10Km/h) is electric braking during high speed, and alternating-current motor/AC motor 14 is converted to electrical generator, and the electric energy that sends dissipates by the pattern of resistance grid 10 with heat energy; (3-10Km/h is following) electric braking usefulness descends during low speed, switches to mechanical braking.
Long descending jogging braking is finished by electric braking; Braking during standstill is finished by mechanical brake; Epicyclic reduction gear is used for mine truck, can significantly alleviates the volume and weight of driving system; Drg 4 links to each other with 14 of alternating-current motor/AC motors, by retarder 15 lock torque is amplified, and can improve brake efficiency.
Radiator fan 9 is used with resistance grid 10 in this device, and left and right sides resistance grid 10 shares a radiator fan 9; Radiator fan 9 quantity also can be for a plurality of.
Mechanical braking dish and 14 of alternating-current motor/AC motors, epicyclic reduction gear input shaft are coaxial, and brake disc and epicyclic reduction gear are positioned at the same side or the both sides of alternating-current motor/AC motor 14.
The electric drive system of this electric drive wheel mine truck electric actuator belongs to hands over a kind of of orthogonal driving system.
Claims (5)
1. electric drive wheel mine truck electric actuator, it is characterized in that, comprise that acceleration pedal (1), brake pedal (2), gear handle (3), controller (4), driving engine (5), alternating current generator (6), rectifier (7), frequency converter (8), radiator fan (9), resistance grid (10), electric braking conv (11), tachogen (12), mechanical brake (13), alternating-current motor/AC motor (14), wheel reduction gear (15), revolver are to (16L), the right wheel (16R); Acceleration pedal (1), brake pedal (2) and gear handle (3) are electrically connected with controller (4) by control circuit respectively, tachogen (12) electrically connects with controller (4), driving engine (5) is electrically connected with alternating current generator (6), alternating current generator (6) is electrically connected with rectifier (7), rectifier (7) is electrically connected with frequency converter (8), frequency converter (8) is electrically connected with electric braking conv (11), electric braking conv (11) is electrically connected with resistance grid (10), radiator fan (9) is installed between the resistance grid (10), electric braking conv (11) is electrically connected with alternating-current motor/AC motor (14), alternating-current motor/AC motor (14) axle is electrically connected with mechanical brake (13), alternating-current motor/AC motor (14) axle head is electrically connected with wheel reduction gear (15), and alternating-current motor/AC motor (14) is electrically connected (16R) (16L) and right wheel with revolver; Driving engine (5) is accepted the accelerator open degree control that controller (4) sends, and with the horsepower output of control driving engine (5), driving engine (5) feeds back to controller (4) with the tach signal of self simultaneously; The controlled device of output current frequency, amplitude (4) control of frequency converter (8); The controlled device of electric braking conv (11) (4) control; Alternating-current motor/AC motor (14) axle head links to each other with retarder (15), after retarder (15) deceleration increases square, drives revolver respectively to (16L) and right the wheel (16R).
2. a kind of electric drive wheel mine truck electric actuator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described alternating-current motor/AC motor (14) and frequency converter (8) have a plurality of, and each alternating-current motor/AC motor (14) correspondence is electrically connected with a frequency converter (8).
3. a kind of electric drive wheel mine truck electric actuator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described revolver does not have mechanical system directly to be connected with right wheel to (16R) to (16L), keeps separate.
4. a kind of electric drive wheel mine truck electric actuator according to claim 1 is characterized in that described gear handle (3) comprises neutral gear, forward gear, reverse gear and Parking shelves.
5. a kind of electric drive wheel mine truck electric actuator according to claim 1 is characterized in that described wheel reduction gear (15) is epicyclic reduction gear.
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CN102624326A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-08-01 | 冠亚机械工业(昆山)有限公司 | Chain block with frequency-variable controller |
CN102700452A (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2012-10-03 | 湘电重型装备股份有限公司 | Wrecker with electric wheels |
CN102951032B (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2015-06-03 | 内蒙古北方重型汽车股份有限公司 | Full alternative-current controlled mining electric-wheel dumper |
CN103042910B (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2016-09-21 | 太原钢铁(集团)有限公司 | The method that electric wheel truck moves when single-wheel motor fault |
CN103465846B (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2016-03-09 | 航天重型工程装备有限公司 | A kind of electric wheel mining vehicle drive control system |
CN103552460B (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2016-03-02 | 山推工程机械股份有限公司 | Engineering truck, two independent driving system and control method thereof |
CN105216613B (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2017-08-25 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of pure motorized motions bridge system for the heavily loaded mine vehicle in underground |
CN108248448B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2020-10-20 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | Constant-speed control method and control device for pure electric sanitation truck |
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KR20040021879A (en) * | 2002-09-05 | 2004-03-11 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Engine control system and method for hybrid electric vehicle |
US20070163819A1 (en) * | 2006-01-18 | 2007-07-19 | Timothy Gerard Richter | Hybrid drive system and method of installing same |
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CN101395032A (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2009-03-25 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Driving control device for electricity driving vehicle |
CN202174948U (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2012-03-28 | 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司江苏徐州工程机械研究院 | Electric wheel electric transmission device for mining truck |
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