CN102324581A - Charging method for trickle charge or standard charge of rechargeable nickel-hydrogen storage battery - Google Patents
Charging method for trickle charge or standard charge of rechargeable nickel-hydrogen storage battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN102324581A CN102324581A CN201110205991A CN201110205991A CN102324581A CN 102324581 A CN102324581 A CN 102324581A CN 201110205991 A CN201110205991 A CN 201110205991A CN 201110205991 A CN201110205991 A CN 201110205991A CN 102324581 A CN102324581 A CN 102324581A
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
A charging method for trickle charge or standard charge of a rechargeable nickel-hydrogen storage battery mainly adopts a two-stage charge mode, the current of 0.1C-0.4C at average is adopted for charging in the first stage until the voltage of the battery achieves a set maximum value; a voltage comparator is used for judging whether the voltage of the battery achieves the set maximum voltage point, if yes, a timer is started, charging of the second stage is started, a fixed time control mode capable of changing time is adopted, the fixed time of the timer is determined by the oscillation frequency of an oscillator, and the oscillator consists of a resistor externally connected with the timer, and a capacitor, and the resistance value of the resistor is changed along with temperature change; and the charging of the second stage is finished when the fixed time is over. The charging method is of a charging method, which has low cost and high performance, and is applicable to trickle charge or standard charge of the rechargeable nickel-hydrogen storage battery. With the method, the battery can be ensured to be charged and not to be overcharged within the wider environment temperature range (0 DEG C-50 DEG C), and the service life of the battery can be greatly prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of charging method that is used for trickle charge of rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage battery or standard charging.
Background technology
The present charging method that is used for trickle charge of rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage battery or standard charging does not often adopt Based Intelligent Control, but adopts more single control model, and result of use is unsatisfactory, and trickle charge or standard charging method summary are following:
Uncontrolled constant current charge: constant current charge generally adopts the little electric current below the 0.1C that battery is charged; Advantage is that cost is relatively low; But,, battery there is very big influence with generation useful life so battery is easy to overcharge owing to have no control model.
Constant voltage floating charge: charging voltage is arranged on chargeable storage fills near the saturated maximum voltage, long-time constant voltage charge is for the few battery of electric weight; It is big just to have begun charging current; Then can slowly diminish, but inconsistent, cause under normal temperature or the high temperature battery to fill saturated the time with the charge characteristic of the variation battery of ambient temperature; Battery charge is still very big, is easy to like this battery caused overcharge.Adopt the voltage-current curve of constant voltage charge to see Fig. 3 such as 20 ℃ to 15 Ni-MH battery groups, when battery 100% was full of, its battery charge maintained about 150mA, if will produce very bad influence the useful life of continuing to charge with to battery.
Timing controlled charging: adopt and charge with certain current ratio such as 0.2C-0.4C; Time one stops to then charging; This method can shorter time full charging pond, but interrupting especially appears in charging process in difficult grasp of control time; Then can restart regularly charging after re-powering, will cause serious overcharging to battery like this.
Maximum voltage control mode: adopt two stages to battery charge, when cell voltage does not arrive the maximum voltage value of setting, adopt the electric current of 0.1C-0.4C to charge, change the second stage low current charge over to after arriving.The shortcoming of this control method is: different along with the difference of charging ambient temperature and charge rate, it is also different that battery is full of the maximum voltage of electricity, so adopt this method can not judge very accurately whether battery is full of.See Fig. 4.
Control model when maximum voltage control is reordered: mainly adopt two stages to battery charge; When cell voltage does not arrive the maximum voltage value of setting, adopt the electric current of 0.1C-0.4C to charge, change second stage over to after arriving and regularly charge, at present the timing method of timer; Adopt the timing mode of set time; Wait and realize such as adopting built-in oscillator and outside to connect RC oscillating circuit (for example Fig. 5), for example at normal temperatures, certain timer adopts the outside to connect the RC oscillating circuit and realizes timing function; When the 47 K Ω resistance of R1 with 5 colour circles; C1 selects 332 electric capacity, and this frequency of oscillation is approximately 8.192KHz, and regularly the concluding time is 29486400/8192=3599 second.Shortcoming is can not be according to the variation of ambient temperature and adjust the charging interval automatically, thereby is not fully filled when causing low temperature, is easy to cause undue charging in the time of high temperature.For nickel-hydrogen accumulator when temperature is 10 ℃; If adopt two stage charge modes; Charge (cut-ff voltage is 1.42V/) such as phase I employing ceiling voltage pattern, second stage adopts the scheme of 40 minutes timing charging, and the saturation of charging after the charging end has only about 73%.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the technical problem of above-mentioned existence, the present invention provides a kind of charging method that is used for trickle charge of rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage battery or standard charging.This method can be under the varying environment temperature, guarantees that battery does not overcharge and can be full of electricity, has improved the serviceability and the useful life of battery greatly.
The objective of the invention is to realize: a kind of charging method that is used for trickle charge of rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage battery or standard charging through following technical proposals; It is characterized in that: mainly adopt two stage charge modes, the phase I adopts the electric current of average 0.1C-0.4C to charge and arrives the setting maximum up to cell voltage; Judge through voltage comparator whether cell voltage arrives the maximum voltage point of setting; In case reach; Then start timer; The charging of entering second stage, the timing controlled pattern of employing variable time, the timing of timer depends on the frequency of oscillation of the oscillator that temperature variant resistor of its external resistance value and electric capacity are formed; After regularly finishing, the second stage charging is accomplished.
After described second stage charging is accomplished, can get into the phase III charging, the trickle charge mode is adopted in described phase III charging.
The external temperature variant resistor of resistance value of described timer is a negative temperature coefficient device.
Described negative temperature coefficient device mounting position is positioned near battery or the battery pack, perhaps is arranged in battery charge adapter or controller circuitry.
Described negative temperature coefficient device is NTC.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: charging method of the present invention be adopt maximum voltage control and timing with temperature automatically the control model of variation to the rechargeable nickel-metal hydride charge in batteries.At the oscillator that the external temperature variant resistor of resistance value of timer and electric capacity are formed, make timer can change the timing of charging automatically according to the variation of ambient temperature.In the nickel-hydrogen accumulator charging process, when needing low temperature, timing is long, and promptly frequency of oscillation is low, promptly needs the R value in the external RC oscillating circuit of timer big; When needing high temperature, timing is short, and promptly frequency of oscillation is high, promptly need the R value in the external RC oscillating circuit of timer little, and the ratio of different temperatures and timing need become non-linear.Adopting the resistor of negative temperature coefficient according to these characteristics is the second stage variable timing charging control that NTC adapts to nickel-hydrogen accumulator.Implementation result is as shown in Figure 8: such as 10 ℃, adopt maximum voltage to add fixing regularly charge mode in low-temperature zone, the battery charge saturation has only 73%, can saturation can reach 91% and adopt in the embodiments of the invention.And in high temperature section such as 50 ℃, adopt maximum voltage to add fixing regularly charge mode, the battery charge saturation is 120%, the battery charge saturation only reaches 105% in the embodiments of the invention and adopt.The present invention well solves the rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage battery charging problem of owing under problem and the varying environment temperature that overcharges, and under different temperatures, has avoided overcharging and has improved the charging saturation.The present invention is a kind of charging method that is applicable to trickle charge of rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage battery or standard charging of low-cost and high-performance.This method can be in the ambient temperature range of broad (0 ℃-50 ℃) guarantee that battery does not overcharge and can be full of electricity, can prolong the useful life of battery greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the charging circuit block diagram that adopts charging method specific embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a trickle charging circuit schematic diagram among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is 20 ℃ of voltage-to-current curve charts that adopt the constant voltage charge pattern that the Ni-MH battery group is charged.
Fig. 4 is the voltage curve of nickel-hydrogen accumulator charging under the different temperatures.
Fig. 5 is the timer schematic diagram that in the past adopted outside RC oscillating circuit.
Fig. 6 is the transmission characteristic figure that has back the voltage comparator circuit of stagnant function in the present embodiment.
Fig. 7 is with the timer circuit schematic diagram of variable temperatures timing in the present embodiment.
Fig. 8 adopts maximum voltage to add the correlation curve figure of the charger of set time charging control model and the embodiment that adopts charging method of the present invention to the charging saturation of nickel-hydrogen accumulator.
Embodiment
Below, with reference to the description of drawings embodiments of the invention.But, below shown in examples of implementation are the examples that are used for specializing the charging method of technological thought of the present invention, the present invention is not defined as following method with charging method.
For avoiding chargeable storage to overcharge, can set a maximum voltage value, the maximum voltage that is full of electricity with battery under the different temperatures is reference, sets an optimum value, thereby has guaranteed that battery can not overcharged under the varying environment temperature.Rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage battery its voltage curve under different temperatures is as shown in Figure 4, and visible by figure, temperature is high more, and it is low more to fill when saturated maximum voltage value.So make that battery can both not can be overcharged under different temperatures, battery charging voltage should be set in the reasonable range.
After the charging maximum voltage is set, need to solve battery charge capacity different problems when being charged to same charging maximum voltage value place under the different temperatures, for the rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage battery; If adopt the two-stage charging modes, the phase I with 1.42V/ only as maximum voltage, after maximum voltage arrives; Getting into second stage is regularly the charging stage; Regularly charged 40 minutes, the result only has been full of 55% in the time of 3 ℃, in the time of 45 ℃, then be full of 97%.So this just need lean on the timing of second stage to charge and revise and replenish.Promptly need be under different temperatures, the also corresponding difference of timing.For the rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage battery, need at low temperatures the charging interval longer, at high temperature the charging interval short, and be non-linear.This is with regard to its can be with variation of ambient temperature real-time its timing of modification of a kind of special timer of needs.
A kind of charging method that is used for trickle charge of rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage battery or standard charging adopts charging circuit as shown in Figure 1, comprising the power circuit 7 that rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage battery 1 is provided charging current; Connect the switching circuit 5 that plays on-off action between power circuit 7 and the rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage battery 1; To the voltage comparator 2 that cell voltage detects also and normal voltage compares; Can change and regularly variable timer 4 according to the NTC ambient temperature; The trickle charging circuit 6 that can increase.
This method mainly adopts two stage charge modes, and the phase I charges up to rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage battery 1 voltage arrival setting maximum to rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage battery 1 through the electric current of power circuit 7 with average 0.1C-0.4C; In charging process, voltage comparator 2 adopts the voltage comparator of taking back the function that stagnates, and its transmission characteristic is as shown in Figure 6.In the process of charging, cell voltage (V
BATT) can raise gradually, when voltage reaches the V among Fig. 6
HTHWhen (present embodiment is every of 1.42V), postpone t
LB(after 200 milliseconds) voltage comparator output high level powers on for timer 4, starts timer 4 and gets into second stage charging (variable timing charge mode).
As shown in Figure 7; The model of present embodiment timer is PT8A2516; The oscillating circuit that its frequency of oscillation is made up of external NTC1 of timer and capacitor C 1 (external) produces; Wherein the model of NTC1 is MF58-50-3950, and the installation site of NTC1 is positioned near the rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage battery 1, perhaps is arranged in battery charge adapter or controller circuitry.Capacitor C 1 in the oscillating circuit can adopt the good electric capacity of the dacron of temperature stability, and capacity is 3.3nF, and the timing of timer is directly proportional with the resistance of NTC1.When if ambient temperature is 25 ℃, the resistance of NTC1 is 47K Ω, and the timing theoretical value is 1 hour (actual timing error is in 3%); Then when ambient temperature was 45 ℃, the resistance of NTC1 was 21K Ω, and the timing theoretical value is 0.45 hour (actual timing error is in 3%); When ambient temperature was 10 ℃, the resistance of NTC1 was 100K Ω, and the timing theoretical value is 2.1 hours (actual timing error is in 3%); When ambient temperature was 0 ℃, the resistance of NTC1 was 164K Ω, and the timing theoretical value is 3.5 hours (actual timing error is in 3%); When timing to then stop the charging.
When the actual arrangement circuit, also can select the timer of built-in capacitance for use, constitute oscillating circuit by timer external NTC and the built-in electric capacity of timer this moment.
Can also be provided with according to circuit and get into the phase III charging, see Fig. 2, when main charging stopped, there was very little voltage difference in not conducting of Q1 R38 two ends this moment, flow through R38 thereby have little electric current.When rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage battery 1 get into trickle charge or the process of shelving in its voltage can fall after rise to some extent, when cell voltage from V
HTH(every of 1.42V) drops to
V
LTHDuring (every of 1.36V), voltage comparator 2 output still keeps high level, can not low level occur and causes timer is resetted, and causes undue charging thereby avoided restarting 4 pairs of rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage batterys 1 of timer.
Claims (6)
1. charging method that is used for trickle charge of rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage battery or standard charging is characterized in that: mainly adopt two stage charge modes, the phase I adopts the electric current of average 0.1C-0.4C to charge to arrive up to cell voltage and sets maximum; Judge through voltage comparator whether cell voltage arrives the maximum voltage point of setting; In case reach; Then start timer; The charging of entering second stage, the timing controlled pattern of employing variable time, the timing of timer depends on the frequency of oscillation of the oscillator that temperature variant resistor of its external resistance value and electric capacity are formed; After regularly finishing, the second stage charging is accomplished.
2. a kind of charging method that is used for trickle charge of rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage battery or standard charging according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: after described second stage charging is accomplished; Can get into the phase III charging, the trickle charge mode is adopted in described phase III charging.
3. a kind of charging method that is used for trickle charge of rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage battery or standard charging according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the external temperature variant resistor of resistance value of described timer is a negative temperature coefficient device.
4. a kind of charging method that is used for trickle charge of rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage battery or standard charging according to claim 3, described negative temperature coefficient device mounting position is positioned near battery or the battery pack, perhaps is arranged in battery charge adapter or controller circuitry.
5. a kind of charging method that is used for trickle charge of rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage battery or standard charging according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described negative temperature coefficient device is NTC.
6. a kind of charging method that is used for trickle charge of rechargeable nickel-metal hydride storage battery or standard charging according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described negative temperature coefficient device is NTC.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110205991A CN102324581A (en) | 2011-07-22 | 2011-07-22 | Charging method for trickle charge or standard charge of rechargeable nickel-hydrogen storage battery |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110205991A CN102324581A (en) | 2011-07-22 | 2011-07-22 | Charging method for trickle charge or standard charge of rechargeable nickel-hydrogen storage battery |
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| CN102324581A true CN102324581A (en) | 2012-01-18 |
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| CN201110205991A Pending CN102324581A (en) | 2011-07-22 | 2011-07-22 | Charging method for trickle charge or standard charge of rechargeable nickel-hydrogen storage battery |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105141297A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-09 | 深圳市霍尔芯电子有限公司 | Timing control chip, control method thereof and battery charging circuit |
| CN106100018A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-11-09 | Tcl移动通信科技（宁波）有限公司 | A kind of charge control method based on mobile terminal and system |
| CN111137168A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-12 | 浙江吉智新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Battery charging method and system for battery replacement station |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5196780A (en) * | 1991-09-10 | 1993-03-23 | Pacholok David R | Ni-Cad battery charger circuit |
| US5617009A (en) * | 1993-06-16 | 1997-04-01 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Rechargeable battery charging circuit which sets supplemental charging capacity according to ambient temperature |
| CN101110521A (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2008-01-23 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Charging device and method for nickel-hydrogen battery |
-
2011
- 2011-07-22 CN CN201110205991A patent/CN102324581A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5196780A (en) * | 1991-09-10 | 1993-03-23 | Pacholok David R | Ni-Cad battery charger circuit |
| US5617009A (en) * | 1993-06-16 | 1997-04-01 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Rechargeable battery charging circuit which sets supplemental charging capacity according to ambient temperature |
| CN101110521A (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2008-01-23 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Charging device and method for nickel-hydrogen battery |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105141297A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-09 | 深圳市霍尔芯电子有限公司 | Timing control chip, control method thereof and battery charging circuit |
| CN106100018A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-11-09 | Tcl移动通信科技（宁波）有限公司 | A kind of charge control method based on mobile terminal and system |
| CN106100018B (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2019-06-04 | Tcl移动通信科技（宁波）有限公司 | A kind of charge control method and system based on mobile terminal |
| CN111137168A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-12 | 浙江吉智新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Battery charging method and system for battery replacement station |
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Address after: 114051 Anshan city in Liaoning Province mountain Anqian Road No. 751 Applicant after: Liaoning Jiuyi Energy Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: High tech Zone 114051 Liaoning city of Anshan province (East) Anqian Road No. 269, block A Applicant before: Liaoning Jiuyi Suppo Battery Co., Ltd. |
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Free format text: CORRECT: APPLICANT; FROM: LIAONING JIUYI SUPPO BATTERY CO., LTD. TO: LIAONING JIUYI ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. |
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Application publication date: 20120118 |
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |