CN102303497B - An H-shaped power chassis with the function of adjusting ground clearance and wheelbase - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an H-type power chassis with a function of adjusting a ground clearance and a wheel tread. The H-type power chassis comprises a chassis, and an engine, a clutch, a gear box, a differential mechanism, transfer cases, chain wheel transmission mechanisms and wheels which are arranged on the chassis, wherein power of the engine passes through the gear box to reach the differential mechanism, and then passes through the transfer cases on the two sides of the chassis to be transferred to the chain wheel transmission mechanisms on two sides through a left output shaft and a right output shaft of the differential mechanism, so that the power is transferred to the wheels which are connected with the chain wheel transmission mechanisms on two sides. The H-type power chassis has the advantages that: the front and rear wheels on the side have the same transmission ratio; when only one of the wheels on the same side slips and the other wheel does not slip, torque can be transferred to the wheel which does not slip, and driving power is generated by using adhesion of the wheel which does not slip, so that an automobile can start smoothly or runs continuously, and the pass-through performance of the automobile under the condition of a rugged road surface is improved. The ground clearance of the chassis and the wheel tread can be adjusted, and the H-type power chassis adapts to running of the rugged road surfaces of mountains, hills and the like, and has high pass-through performance, riding comfort, and stability.

Description

An H-shaped power chassis with the function of adjusting ground clearance and wheelbase

technical field

The invention relates to a power chassis, which belongs to the field of vehicle engineering, in particular to an H-shaped power chassis with the function of adjusting ground clearance and wheelbase.

Background technique

Existing automobile chassis usually consists of engine, clutch, gearbox, differential, and wheels. Among them, the power of the transmitter is transmitted to the differential through the clutch, gearbox, and drive shaft, and the differential distributes the power to The left and right half shafts drive the left and right wheels.

Among them, when the differential is installed between the two front wheels of the car and distributes the power to the two front wheels of the car through the left and right axle shafts, it is called front-wheel drive. When the differential is installed between the two rear wheels of the car and distributes the power to the two rear wheels of the car through the left and right axle shafts, it is called rear wheel drive. There are also differentials installed on the front and rear wheels of the car, and the power is distributed to the two front wheels and the two rear wheels through the left and right axle shafts through the two differentials. This is called four-wheel drive (all-wheel drive) .

Front-wheel drive has high obstacle-surmounting ability because the front wheels are driving wheels. At present, most of the medium and small cars have adopted this driving form. The mechanical structure is simple, the engine heat dissipation condition is good, the interior space is large, and it is easy to arrange, which reduces the weight of the vehicle, saves gasoline, and is also very convenient for maintenance. Its disadvantages are: because the front wheels are responsible for steering and driving at the same time, the high-speed stability is poor, the driving wheel is easy to slip when going uphill, and it is easy to overturn when going downhill at high speed. When cornering, the front center of gravity moves forward due to inertia, and the centrifugal force is greater, so it is thrown out along the tangential direction, which easily breaks through the ground adhesion of the front wheels and causes sideslips. And has noticeable understeer.

The rear-wheel drive mode is that the front and rear wheels perform their duties separately, and the steering and driving are separated, so the high-speed stability is good and the vehicle has strong climbing ability. The disadvantages of this type of drive are: the heavy load on the rear axle makes the car have a tendency to over-steer, the adhesion of the front wheels is small, the steering is unstable at high speeds, and the assembly and manufacturing costs are higher compared to front-wheel drive, and more faults, relatively small interior space and so on.

The all-wheel-drive car is driven by all the wheels, which makes full use of all the attachment qualities of the car, so the car has a greater driving force and the ability to overcome obstacles and prevent skidding. Therefore, off-road vehicles generally adopt this general layout form. Moreover, because all-wheel-drive cars have greater driving force and good acceleration, some cars and station wagons have also adopted all-wheel drive since the 1980s, becoming so-called "multi-purpose sports vehicles (SUV)", which are popular Many American young people love it, forming a "4WD" craze. However, the structure of all-wheel drive is complicated, the cost is high, the fuel consumption is large when driving on a good road, and the wear and tear of tires and machine parts is large.

For the above three driving modes, when one side of the wheel slips, due to the existence of the differential, the slipping wheel turns faster and faster, and the other side turns slower and slower, causing the drive axle to lose its driving force, resulting in the vehicle being unable to drive .

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide an H-type power chassis with the function of adjusting the ground clearance and wheelbase, which improves the passing performance of the vehicle under rough road conditions, and can ensure the four wheels when driving on rough roads. Landing at the same time can better adapt to the ground and keep the body stable.

Among them, the left output shaft and the right output shaft of the differential are respectively connected with the brake and the driving gear in the transfer case composed of the driving gear, the front driven gear and the rear driven gear respectively. Both the driven gear and the rear driven gear mesh with the driving gear, the front driven gear and the rear driven gear are fixedly connected to a spline shaft respectively, and the two spline shafts are located on the same side of the chassis; There are rocker arms connected, and the two rocker arms are located on the same side of the chassis. A sprocket transmission mechanism consisting of a drive sprocket, a chain and a drive sprocket is installed in each rocker arm; wherein, the drive sprocket and the drive sprocket pass through the chain Transmission connection; the two driving sprockets in the two rocker arms are axially provided with internal splines to match the two spline shafts. The two driving sprockets are respectively sleeved on the two spline shafts. Each transmission chain The wheels are respectively connected to the wheels through the wheel shaft; the two spline shafts transmit the power to the two drive sprockets respectively, and the two drive sprockets transmit the power to the two transmission sprockets through the chain respectively, and the two transmission gears finally transmit the power to the two drive sprockets. respectively to the two wheels on the same side.

The opposite ends of the two rocker arms are respectively fixedly connected with gear A and gear B, and gear A meshes with gear B; a rocker arm cover is arranged on the outside of the rocker arm between the two spline shafts on the same side of the chassis, and the rocker arm cover It is pivotally connected with the opposite ends of the two rocker arms located on the same side of the chassis, so that the two rocker arms can rotate relative to the rocker arm cover. A hydraulic cylinder is installed on the top of the rocker cover, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on one of the two rocker arms on the same side. A lead screw nut is installed on the outside of the rocker arm cover, and the lead screw in the lead screw nut is connected with the motor. When the car is running on a rough road, the angle between the two rocker arms on the same side is adjusted by controlling the extension or shortening of the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder. According to the requirements of the ground clearance, the rocker arms on the same side are driven to rotate relative to each other. to adjust the ground clearance.

A lead screw nut is installed on the outside of the rocker arm cover. The lead screw in the lead screw nut is connected to the motor, so that the lead screw is directly driven to rotate by the motor. The lead screw rotates relative to the lead screw nut. When the lead screw rotates, the lead screw The nut produces linear motion, thereby driving the two rocker arms to move axially along the two spline shafts through the rocker cover, so as to realize the change of the distance between the wheels on both sides of the chassis, so that the vehicle can adapt to rough and potholed roads.

The advantages of the present invention are:

1. The H-type power chassis of the present invention adopts H-type power transmission. The wheels on the same side transmit torque through the driven gear of the transfer case. The transmission ratio of the front and rear wheels is the same. When there is no slipping phenomenon, the transmission mode of the present invention will transmit most or even all of the torque to the non-slipping wheel, and make full use of the adhesion of this wheel to generate sufficient driving force, so that the car can start or continue driving smoothly , which improves the passing performance of the vehicle under rough road conditions.

2. The H-type power chassis of the present invention, because the left and right rocker arms can rotate relative to each other, can ensure that the four wheels can land on various roads at the same time, and improve the trafficability of the vehicle on rough roads. It has the incomparable advantages of other vehicles, and is suitable for driving on rough roads such as mountains and hills.

3. The H-type power chassis of the present invention can adjust the ground clearance of the chassis through the change of the angle between each rocker arm, so that the vehicle can adapt to different working environments and work requirements: the road surface condition is good, the ground clearance can be reduced, and the center of gravity of the vehicle can be adjusted. When the road surface is rough and there are large obstacles, the ground clearance is improved so that the vehicle has a good ability to overcome obstacles.

4. The H-type power chassis of the present invention can ensure that the plane of the vehicle body is always perpendicular to the bisector of the angle between the two rocker arms through the function of the body posture adjustment connecting rod, thereby playing the role of body posture adjustment, maintaining the stability of the body, and preventing the vehicle from siding. Turn over to improve the passing performance of the vehicle.

5. The H-type power chassis of the present invention has a wide range of applications, and can be used for military and civilian vehicles in all regions, mobile robots and walking mechanisms of various special equipment mobile platforms, such as desert vehicles and tidal flat vehicles.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of H type power chassis of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection between two rocker arms on the same side in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the connection between two rocker arms on the same side in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the connection schematic diagram of leading screw nut among the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the connecting rod adjustment mechanism in the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of installation of transfer case and connecting rod adjustment mechanism in the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the brake and the connecting rod adjustment mechanism in the present invention.

In the picture:

1-Chassis 2-Engine 3-Clutch 4-Gearbox

5-differential 6-transfer case 7-sprocket transmission mechanism 8-wheels

9-brake 10-spline shaft 11-guide rail 12-baffle

13-support seat 14-rocker arm 15-rocker arm cover 16-lead screw nut

17-Motor 18-Gear A 19-Gear B 20-Adjusting linkage mechanism

21-hydraulic cylinder 401-input shaft 402-output shaft 501-driven bevel gear

502-Left output shaft 503-Right output shaft 601-Drive gear 602-Front driven gear

603-Rear driven gear 701-Drive sprocket 702-Chain 703-Drive sprocket

16a-lead screw 20a-first connecting rod 20b-second connecting rod 20c-third connecting rod

20d-the first ball joint 20e-the second ball joint 20f-the third ball joint 20g-the fourth ball joint

20h-the fifth ball joint

Detailed ways

An H-type power chassis of the present invention includes a chassis 1 and an engine 2, a clutch 3, a gearbox 4, a differential 5, a transfer case 6, a sprocket transmission mechanism 7 and wheels 8 arranged on the chassis 1, as shown in the figure 1. Its transmission route is: engine 2-gearbox 4-differential 5-transfer case 6-sprocket transmission mechanism 7-wheel 8.

Wherein, the engine 2 is located at the front portion of the chassis 1, the engine 2 is connected with the clutch 3, the clutch 3 is connected with the input shaft 401 of the gearbox 4, and the driven bevel gear 403 and the differential 5 are driven on the output shaft 402 of the gearbox 4. The bevel gear 501 meshes. The engine 2 sends power to the differential 5 after passing through the gearbox 4 . The clutch 3 is used to temporarily separate and gradually engage the engine 2 and the gearbox 4 to cut off or transmit the power input from the engine 2 to the gearbox 4 . The left output shaft 502 and the right output shaft 503 of the differential 5 transmit power to the left side and the right side of the chassis 1 respectively.

The left output shaft 502 of the differential 5 is connected with the right output shaft 503 and the connection method is the same, and the parts connected with the right output shaft 503 of the differential 5 and the connection method are described below: the right output of the differential 5 The shaft 503 is fixedly connected with the brake drum of the brake 9 and the driving gear 601 in the transfer case 6 in sequence. The front driven gear 602 and the rear driven gear 603 in the transfer case 6 mesh with the driving gear 601 respectively. The gear 602 and the rear driven gear 603 are respectively fixedly connected with a spline shaft 10 with external splines, and each spline shaft 10 is sleeved on a guide rail 11 parallel to the chassis 1, and each guide rail 11 has two ends The baffle plate 12 is connected, and the positioning of the guide rail 11 in the axial direction of the spline shaft 10 is realized through the baffle plate 12, and the transfer case (including the front driven gear and the rear driven gear in the transfer case), rocker arm 14 and the driving sprocket 701 in the sprocket drive mechanism 7 play a supporting role, and can realize the positioning of the transfer case 6 and the rocker arm 14 between the baffle plates 12 at the two ends of the guide rail 11. The right output shaft 503 of the differential 5 transmits power to the front transmission gear 602 and the rear transmission gear 603 respectively through the driving gear 601 , thereby transmitting the power to the two spline shafts 10 through the front transmission gear 602 and the rear transmission gear 602 . A rocker arm 14 is movably sleeved on the two spline shafts 10 respectively, and the two rocker arms 14 are located on the right side of the chassis 1 .

The rocker arm 14 is provided with a sprocket transmission mechanism 7 composed of a driving sprocket 701 , a chain 702 and a transmission sprocket 703 . Wherein, the driving sprocket 701 is connected with the driving sprocket 703 through a chain 702 , and the driving sprocket 701 can drive the driving sprocket 703 to rotate through the chain 702 .

The two swing arms 14 on the same side of the chassis 1 are fixedly connected and located on the same straight line. The two transmission sprockets 703 are respectively connected to the wheel 8 through the wheel shaft 801 . The driving sprocket 701 in the two rocker arms 14 has an axial internal spline structure, which is movably sleeved on the spline shaft 10, and the internal spline of the driving sprocket 701 is connected to the external spline of the spline shaft 10. Cooperate so that the two spline shafts 10 transmit the power to the two drive sprockets 701 respectively, and the two drive sprockets 701 transmit the power to the two drive sprockets 703 through the chain 702 respectively, and the two drive sprockets 703 will eventually The power is transmitted to the two wheels 8 on the same side respectively. Through the above-mentioned structure, the front driven gear 602 and the rear driven gear 603 in each transfer case 6 transmit torque to the wheels 8 on the same side, so that the transmission ratio of the front and rear wheels 8 is the same. When the other wheel 8 is not slipping, most or even all of the torque is transmitted to the non-slipping wheel 8, and the adhesion of this wheel 8 is fully utilized to generate enough driving force to make the car start or continue smoothly. Driving, improve the passing performance of the vehicle under rough road conditions.

As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, in the present invention, the two rocker arms 14 at the end where the driving sprocket 701 on the same side of the chassis 1 are fixedly connected with the gear A18 and the gear B19 respectively, and the gear A18 and the gear B19 mesh. The outer side of the rocker arm 14 between the two spline shafts 10 on the same side of the chassis 1 is provided with a rocker arm cover 15, and the rocker arm cover 15 is composed of two side plates 15a and a top plate 15b, and the two side plates 15a are respectively connected with Both sides of the two rocker arms 14 on the same side are movably connected, and the top plate 15b is located above the two rocker arms 14 on the same side, and is fixedly connected with the two side plates 15a. A hydraulic cylinder 21 is installed on the top plate 15b, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 21 is fixed on one rocker arm 14 in the two rocker arms 14 on the same side. The resistance of the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 21 to the rocker arm 14 makes the gear A18 and the gear B19 There is no rotation, so that the two rocker arms 14 are relatively fixed. When the car is running on a rough road, the angle between the two rocker arms 14 on the same side is adjusted by controlling the extension or shortening of the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 21, and the two rocker arms on the same side are driven according to the requirements of the ground clearance. 14 relative rotation, play the effect of adjusting ground clearance. The ground clearance of the car chassis can be adjusted to make the vehicle adapt to different working environments and work requirements: the road condition is good, the ground clearance can be reduced, the center of gravity of the vehicle can be lowered, and the ride comfort and passability of the vehicle can be improved; the road surface is rough and there are large obstacles When the ground clearance is improved, the vehicle has a good ability to overcome obstacles. It can be seen that when the car is running on rough roads, it can always keep four wheels on the ground at the same time. It has both high passability on rough ground and good ride comfort on hard roads. , driving on rough roads such as hills.

Preferably, a lead screw nut 16 is also installed on the outside of the rocker cover 15 in the present invention. As shown in FIG. On the chassis 1, the lead screw 16a is directly driven to rotate through the motor 17, and the lead screw 16a rotates relative to the lead screw nut 16. The rocker arm 14 moves axially along the two spline shafts 10 to realize the change of the distance between the wheels 8 on both sides of the chassis 1, so that the vehicle can adapt to rough and potholed roads. The power chassis of the present invention can also meet the requirements of different wheelbases required by different crop ridge widths when agricultural machinery is working. At the same time, increasing the wheelbase can increase the supporting area of the vehicle, improve the stability of the vehicle during operation, and prevent the vehicle from overturning.

When the vehicle is running on a potholed road, since the two rocker arms 14 on the same side are relatively fixed, the same side rocker arm 14 will swing relative to the spline shaft 10 in the circumferential direction, so that the spline shaft 10 will drive the transfer case 6 The front driven gear 602 and the rear driven gear 603 rotate relative to the driving gear 601, so that the transfer case 6 and the vehicle body will rotate around the output shaft of the differential 5, which will affect the stability of the vehicle body. Therefore, in the present invention An adjustment link mechanism 20 is installed between the transfer case 6 on the left and right sides of the chassis 1 and the chassis 1, so as to realize the adjustment of the posture of the vehicle body and keep the vehicle body stable. As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the adjustment link mechanism 20 includes a first connecting rod 20a, a second connecting rod 20b, a third connecting rod 20c, a first ball joint 20d, a second ball joint 20e, a third ball joint hinge 20f, fourth spherical hinge 20g, and fifth spherical hinge 20h. Wherein, the first ball joint 20d and the second ball joint 20e are symmetrically installed on the two transfer cases 6 respectively, and the first ball joint 20d and the second ball joint 21e respectively pass through the first connecting rod 20a, the second connecting rod 20b and The third ball joint 20f is connected to the fourth ball joint 20g, and the third ball joint 20f is connected to the fourth ball joint 20g through a third connecting rod 20c. The center of the third link 20c is connected to the chassis 1 through a fifth ball joint 21h. The use of ball joints for connection can ensure that each connecting rod has two degrees of freedom of rotation. When the left and right rocker arms rotate relative to each other, the first connecting rod 20a and the second connecting rod 20b are driven to move, so that the third spherical joint 20f and the second connecting rod The four-ball joint 20g generates spatial motion, and the motion trajectory coincides with the motion trajectory of the two ends of the third connecting rod 20c, without motion interference. Thus, when there is relative movement between the rocker arms 10 on the left and right sides of the chassis 1, the rotation of the transfer case 6 relative to the chassis 1 can be restricted by adjusting the linkage mechanism 20, so that the plane where the chassis 1 is located is always kept in line with the two rocker arms 14 on the same side. The bisectors of the included angles are perpendicular to each other, thereby maintaining the stability of the vehicle body, preventing rollover of the vehicle, and improving the passing performance of the vehicle.

The adjustment link mechanism 20 can also be installed on the brakes 9 located on the left and right sides of the chassis 1, as shown in FIG. , the first ball joint 20d and the second ball joint 21e are respectively connected to the third ball joint 20f and the fourth ball joint 20g through the first connecting rod 20a and the second connecting rod 20b, and the third ball joint 20f is connected to the fourth ball joint 20g They are connected by the third connecting rod 20c. The center of the third link 20c is connected to the chassis 1 through a fifth ball joint 21h. Thus when there is relative movement between the rocker arms 10 on the left and right sides of the chassis 1, since the drive gear 601 in the brake 9 and the transfer case 6 is fixedly connected with the left output shaft or the output shaft of the differential 5, thus through Adjusting the link mechanism 20 limits the rotation of the brake 9 , thereby limiting the rotation of the transfer case 6 relative to the chassis 1 .

The H-type automobile transmission power chassis of the present invention has a wide range of applications, and can be used for military and civilian vehicles, mobile robots, and walking mechanisms of various special equipment mobile platforms, such as desert vehicles and tidal flat vehicles.

Claims (4)

1. one kind has the H type power chassis of adjusting crack, ground and wheelspan function, comprises the chassis and is arranged on driving engine, power-transfer clutch, change speed gear box, diff and wheel on the chassis; Wherein, engine power arrives diff through change speed gear box, power-transfer clutch, gives four wheels with transmission of power respectively by left output shaft and the right output shaft of diff; It is characterized in that: also comprise auxiliary gear box and chain wheel driving mechanism;

Wherein, the left output shaft of diff links to each other with driving gear in the first drg and the first auxiliary gear box successively, the right output shaft of diff links to each other with driving gear in second brake and the second auxiliary gear box successively, the first auxiliary gear box and the second auxiliary gear box form by driving gear, front driven gear and rear driven gear, front driven gear in each auxiliary gear box, rear driven gear all mesh with driving gear, front driven gear, rear driven gear are connected with a castellated shaft respectively, and two castellated shafts are positioned at the chassis homonymy; Be socketed with respectively rocking arm on each castellated shaft, two rocking arms are positioned at the chassis homonymy, and the chain wheel driving mechanism that is comprised of drive sprocket, chain and driving chain wheel is installed in each rocking arm; Wherein, be connected by chain gear between drive sprocket and driving chain wheel; Two drive sprocket axles in two rocking arms upwards have female splines, match with two castellated shafts, and two drive sprockets are socketed in respectively on two castellated shafts, and each driving chain wheel links to each other with wheel by axletree respectively;

Two relative ends of rocking arm are connected with gear A and gear B respectively, gear A and gear B engagement; Rocking arm arranged outside between two castellated shafts of described chassis homonymy has rocker arm bonnet, and the relative end place with two rocking arms that are positioned at the chassis homonymy of rocker arm bonnet is coupling, and two rocking arms are rotated with respect to rocker arm bonnet;

The top of rocker arm bonnet is equipped with hydraulic actuating cylinder, and the telescopic end of hydraulic actuating cylinder is fixed on the rocking arm in homonymy two rocking arms; The outside at rocker arm bonnet is equipped with feed screw nut, and the leading screw in the feed screw nut links to each other with motor.

2. a kind of as claimed in claim 1 have a H type power chassis of adjusting crack, ground and wheelspan function, it is characterized in that: be equipped with on described the first auxiliary gear box on the first ball pivot, the second auxiliary gear box the second ball pivot is installed, the first ball pivot links to each other with the 3rd ball pivot by first connecting rod, the second ball pivot links to each other with the 4th ball pivot by second connecting rod, links to each other by third connecting rod between the 3rd ball pivot and the 4th ball pivot; Center at third connecting rod links to each other with the chassis by the 5th ball pivot.

3. a kind of as claimed in claim 1 have a H type power chassis of adjusting crack, ground and wheelspan function, it is characterized in that: be equipped with on described the first drg the second ball pivot is installed on the first ball pivot, the second brake, the first ball pivot links to each other with the 3rd ball pivot by first connecting rod, the second ball pivot links to each other with the 4th ball pivot by second connecting rod, links to each other by third connecting rod between the 3rd ball pivot and the 4th ball pivot; Center at third connecting rod links to each other with the chassis by the 5th ball pivot.

4. have a H type power chassis of adjusting crack, ground and wheelspan function as a kind of as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: during the generation relative motion, plane, place, chassis and both sides rocking arm Bisector of angle are perpendicular between two rocking arms of described chassis homonymy.

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