A kind of from wear-resisting wooden decorative material and manufacture method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of novel wooden ornament materials and manufacture method thereof that has from wear-resisting functions, belong to composite wooden material and make the field.
Background technology
Traditional characteristic and the advantages such as ratio of strength to weight height, easy processing of ornament materials in general sense because of having wood materials are the ornament materials that widely people accepted always.
The wear-resisting wooden decorative material that provides in the prior art generally has following several manufacturing process:
First kind of production technology is at substrate surface elder generation under-coating varnish, printed patterns then, showering wearing layer and make wooden wear-resisting ornament materials again.Wearing layer is generally mixed by aluminium oxide etc. and polyurethane resin (or amino-acid resin, alkyd resin, acrylic resin, vinyl etc.) and coordinative solvent and forms.This kind method is produced wear-resisting ornament materials except that the technology relative complex, because institute's showering layer can not hide printed patterns, its thickness is generally thinner, cause its wear-resisting value general only 1000 change below, can not satisfy 6000 far away and change (family expenses) or 9000 and change (commercialization) above purposes requirements.And the cost of used resin material own is higher and do not have a higher wearability.
Second kind of production technology is to adopt the two layers of paper structure, is about to overlay paper and facing paper assembly and is pasted on the base material wood-based plate.Overlay paper is used for improving the wearability of ornament materials, and facing paper is given decorative effect attractive in appearance.Overlay paper generally is that intensity height, ash content are low, the cellophane paper of high cellulose content, in paper-making process, added high-abrasive material such as aluminium oxide or contained the adhesive resin liquid of high-abrasive material, the surface that high-abrasive material adheres to overlay paper has been obtained wearability by adhesive in overlay paper surface coating at the central core of paper.Because the transparent pattern that does not hide its lower floor's facing paper of overlay paper,, be the main method of producing wear-resisting wooden package material at present so do not influence decorative effect and wearability is outstanding.Its shortcoming: the overlay paper that the paper central core has added high-abrasive material costs an arm and a leg, and 80% relies on import, and the overlay paper price that paper surface adheres to high-abrasive material is low slightly, but can be in use because the wearing and tearing of high-abrasive material drop and lose wearability gradually.More crisp behind the overlay paper impregnation drying in general, broken easily, loss is bigger, how with manual operations, and the mechanized operation difficulty.
The third production technology also is to adopt the two layers of paper structure, but wear-resistant decorative paper adopts secondary dipping process to produce, the resin content that promptly improves facing paper reaches 100%-150%, and the high-abrasive material that when flooding for the second time, adds amount of resin 2%-4%, make suspending agent with sodium alginate or hydroxyl (carboxylic) methylcellulose, be beneficial to high-abrasive material and in impregnating resin, evenly disperse.This production method shortcoming is that suspending agent is dissolved in the bigger increase that can cause impregnating resin viscosity behind the impregnating resin, be unfavorable for that impregnating resin permeates in facing paper, in order to prevent the sedimentation of high-abrasive material, essential constantly stirring, stirring the bubble that produces can invest on the impregnated paper, further hinder impregnating resin and permeate in impregnated paper, the resin content of facing paper is uneven and be difficult to the level that reaches higher.And after impregnated paper is drawn out steeping vat,, promptly be difficult to obtain the dipping surface of stable homogeneous because particle diameter, the quality difference of high-abrasive material can produce very significantly mountain type texture because of the sagging of resin on the surface of impregnated paper.Because the facing paper two sides all is stained with high-abrasive material, and its one side that contacts with artificial plate is bad with the gummed of sheet material, cause surface bonding strength to descend in addition, even layering.When this wear-resistant decorative paper in use, with sheet material (particieboard, fiberboard, core-board, the sheet material of laminated veneer lumber, other metals or nonmetallic materials) assembly hot pressing.And during hot pressing, the one side that wear-resistant decorative paper contacts with the hot pressing backing plate (the light backing plate of polishing) of hot press wearing and tearing to the polishing backing plate in hot pressing are bigger.And, compare its wear-resisting revolution with the wear-resisting ornament materials that uses wearing coat paper and still have big gap.Still can't solve simultaneously the shortcoming of in use losing wearability because the wearing and tearing of high-abrasive material are dropped gradually, higher in addition high-abrasive material content can have influence on the definition of facing paper.
The 4th kind of production technology is so-called liquid wear-resistant immersion facing paper technology, is in the high-abrasive material adding melmac with necessarily screening value (between 300 orders-400 order), in order to overcome Al
2O
3Deng the rapid subsidence in liquid glue, developed multiple formulations.For example, by adding Sai Lulu, polymer carrier, perhaps natural gum etc., thus guarantee Al
2O
3Deng floating in the liquid glue.With the surface of this resin spraying or showering facing paper, can obtain the impregnated paper of high abrasion after drying then.The method can be called as " liquid veneer paper " or liquid wear-resisting.The shortcoming that liquid wear-resistant immersion paper technology exists has: the prescription of melamino-formaldehyde impregnating resin and additive types and consumption must advance special design, do not have this ability with acquisition for preventing the appropriate viscosity that the high-abrasive material sedimentation is required, most factories; And, must the quality and the particle diameter of high-abrasive material be screened for the sedimentation that prevents high-abrasive material, the utilization rate of high-abrasive material is lower; Since be used to spray or the mixture viscosity of the melamine resin of showering higher, frequent plug nozzle, the resin permeability is relatively poor when being sprayed at the dipping decorative paper surface, can produce sagging, causes high-abrasive material to produce mountain type striped, skewness on the facing paper surface; And be difficult to the resin content of control impregnated paper when adopting showering, and use the high-abrasive material cost of certain screening value higher, still can't avoid damage simultaneously to the polishing backing plate.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Processes and apparatus simply from the manufacture method of wear-resisting wooden decorative material, that this method makes is good from wear-resisting wooden decorative material surface hardness height, anti-wear performance, when surfacing, use and can the not wear and tear polishing backing plate of hot press of sheet material assembly hot pressing.
Manufacture method from wear-resisting wooden decorative material of the present invention comprises the steps:
A, single-steeping: the base material that is applicable to dipping is immersed impregnating resin, soak into the back and take out;
B, predrying: be that the base material behind the single-steeping is carried out drying under temperature 80-140 ℃, sticking slightly hand when the substrate surface hand is touched;
C, airflow pavement: the above high-abrasive material of 100 orders is paved on the upper surface of the base material of predrying mistake by the airflow pavement machine, and the amount of mating formation of high-abrasive material is 5-25g/m
2
D, high-abrasive material densification: by at least one pair of parallel up and down densification circle roller, also adhere to the base material that paves high-abrasive material on the substrate surface securely the high-abrasive material compacting; Top densification is the polishing roll that is used for the compacting high-abrasive material with the circle roller; Following densification is the rubber rollers that is used for the support base material lower surface with the circle roller;
E, double-steeping: base material is immersed in the impregnating resin once more, impregnating resin is filled fully in intergranular space of high-abrasive material and surface;
F, redrying: it is dry once more that the base material behind the double-steeping is put into drying machine, is dried to the 50-150% that impregnating resin is a base material weight.
Above-mentioned manufacture method, base material are facing paper; The high-abrasive material particle diameter is at the 100-150 order, and the amount of mating formation is 15-25g/m
2After the drying, resin content is 120-150%.
Above-mentioned manufacture method, base material are science and technology wood; The high-abrasive material particle diameter is at the 250-350 order, and the amount of mating formation is 10-20g/m
2After the drying, resin content is 70-130%.
Above-mentioned manufacture method, base material are slicing veneer; The high-abrasive material particle diameter is at the 150-250 order, and the amount of mating formation is 5-15g/m
2After the drying, resin content is 50-110%.
Above-mentioned manufacture method, base material are veneer; The high-abrasive material particle diameter is at the 100-150 order, and the amount of mating formation is 20-25g/m
2After the drying, resin content is 70-130%.
Above-mentioned manufacture method, base material is for decorating thin bamboo; The high-abrasive material particle diameter is at the 250-350 order, and the amount of mating formation is 5-15g/m
2After the drying, resin content is 50-110%.
Above-mentioned manufacture method, base material are that facing paper, science and technology wood, decorative veneer, veneer and decoration approach a kind of in the bamboo, and the ornament materials that is suitable for flooding all can be used as base material.
Above-mentioned manufacture method, high-abrasive material are a kind of in silica, alundum (Al, aluminium hydroxide and the carborundum.Select existing high-abrasive material on the market for use, kind is not limit, and particle diameter generally gets final product more than 100 orders.
Above-mentioned manufacture method when single-steeping or double-steeping, immerses impregnating resin by cement dipping machine, and the chart drive speed of cement dipping machine is 0.5-3m/min.Dipping is all selected market ripe for use with resin, as melamine resin and modified resin thereof, or the dipping Lauxite.Described double-steeping is meant the base material after the densification is immersed in the immersion-type resin once more, and impregnating resin is filled fully in intergranular space of high-abrasive material and surface.Technology is with once flooding.
Above-mentioned manufacture method, during redrying, base material is put into drying machine and is carried out drying, and baking temperature 80-130 ℃, the feed speed of drying machine is 0.5-2m/min.Described redrying is that the base material behind double-steeping is put into drying machine drying once more, degree of drying depends on this decorates other sheet materials (as particieboard, fiberboard, core-board from wear-resisting wooden decorative material, the sheet material of laminated veneer lumber, other metals or nonmetallic materials) required resin content the time generally is dried to the 50-150% that impregnating resin is a base material weight.
Above-mentioned manufacture method when predrying, put into drying machine with the base material behind the single-steeping and is carried out drying, and the feed speed of drying machine is 0.5-3m/min.
Above-mentioned manufacture method, described airflow pavement is meant employing " dry method " technology, garbled high-abrasive material is not needed through any processing, be paved on the dry upper surface of crossing the base material of sticking slightly hand by the airflow pavement machine, the amount of mating formation of the high-abrasive material on the unit are depends on from desired wear-resisting revolution of wear-resisting wooden decorative material and desired transparency, is generally 5-25g/m
2Described high-abrasive material densification is meant that the base material that will pave high-abrasive material by parallel up and down a pair of densification circle roller, is a polishing roll above, is used for the compacting abrasion resistant particles, makes it adhere on the substrate surface securely; Be rubber rollers below, be used for the do not mat formation another side of high-abrasive material of Zhi Jicai,, can prevent from that high-abrasive material from pressing to wear base material because the below of base material is the soft rubber roller.Can add many as required to the densification roller.
In brief, manufacture method of the present invention is: after choosing base material (the various ornament materials that are suitable for flooding such as facing paper, science and technology wood, decorative veneer, veneer and decoration Bao Zhu etc.), immerse dipping resin (melamine resin and modified resin thereof by cement dipping machine, or dipping Lauxite) in, it is fully soaked into, carry out predryingly then in drying machine, purpose is to make when the base material hand of single-steeping touches sticking slightly hand.By the airflow pavement machine high-abrasive material (silica, alundum (Al, aluminium hydroxide and carborundum etc.) of particle diameter more than 100 orders that chooses is paved on the base material of predrying mistake then, the amount of mating formation of the high-abrasive material on the unit are depends on from desired wear-resisting revolution of wear-resisting wooden decorative material and desired transparency, about 5-25g/m
2Between.Abrasion resistant particles heavy under the air-flow effect is blown closely, and light abrasion resistant particles is blown far, when base material when at the uniform velocity travelling forward, high-abrasive material promptly forms the surface of grading structure on base material, heavy particle is down, light particle is last.Can produce arbitrarily like this that different wearabilities, different transparencies etc. require from the wear-resisting type ornament materials.The base material that will pave high-abrasive material then is a polishing roll by parallel up and down a pair of densification circle roller above, is used for the compacting abrasion resistant particles, makes it adhere on the substrate surface securely; Be rubber rollers below, be used to be supported in the do not mat formation another side of high-abrasive material of base material,, can prevent from that high-abrasive material from pressing to wear base material because the below of base material is the soft rubber roller.Base material after the densification is immersed in the immersion-type resin once more, impregnating resin is filled fully in intergranular space of high-abrasive material and surface, purpose is that high-abrasive material is submerged in the impregnating resin, after impregnating resin drying, curing, high-abrasive material is fixed on and is difficult in the resin running off in wear process, simultaneously impregnating resin separates the light backing plate of high-abrasive material with (should use when wear-resisting wooden decorative material and other sheet material hot pressing) hot press again, has avoided the wearing and tearing to the light backing plate.It is dry once more that base material behind the double-steeping is put into drying machine, the degree of drying of this moment depends on this resin content required when wear-resisting wooden decorative material is decorated other other sheet materials (as particieboard, fiberboard, core-board, laminated veneer lumber, other metals or nonmetallic materials sheet material).Dry good from wear-resisting wooden decorative material can carry out quality inspection, grade, packing and storage etc.
It is a kind of from wear-resisting wooden decorative material that the present invention provides simultaneously, and it is to make according to above-mentioned either party's method.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
What the employing said method was produced does not use wearing coat paper from wear-resisting wooden decorative material, the material surface anti-wear performance reaches 6000 commentaries on classics (family expenses) or 9000 to be changeed more than (commercialization), all other physical mechanics properties all satisfy the respective country standard, can be used for the decoration of material that for example construction material, furniture material, flooring material etc. are had higher requirements to wearability.
Method raw material sources of the present invention are abundant, need not fine finishining, Processes and apparatus is simple, only need in original impregnated paper production line, to add mat formation, roll unit gets final product, do not need original impregnated paper production technology is done bigger adjustment, need not change original impregnating resin synthesis technique, need not to add other auxiliary agent.Decoration material with this method manufacturing, have high-strength, high usage, wearability can arbitrarily be adjusted with customer requirement, cost is low advantage, can be widely used in the incrustation of the wooden or non-wooden boards that surperficial wearability is had higher requirements, for example building the wear-resisting decoration of material, wood for furniture, flooring board etc., is a kind of well behaved from wear-resisting wooden decorative material.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of airflow pavement in the technological process provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is a high-abrasive material densification device schematic diagram in the technology provided by the invention.
Among the figure, 1 is base material, and 2 is the airflow pavement machine, and 3 is coarse grain footpath high-abrasive material, and 4 is the fine grain high-abrasive material, and 5 for being covered with the base material of high-abrasive material, and 6 is polishing roll, and 7 is the soft rubber roller, and 8 is the base material after the high-abrasive material densification.
The specific embodiment
Further specify concrete feature of the present invention and technological means below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing.
Referring to Fig. 1, the manufacture method that has from the novel wooden ornament materials of wear-resisting functions of the present invention, comprise base material selection, single-steeping, predrying, high-abrasive material screening, airflow pavement, high-abrasive material densification, double-steeping, redrying, quality inspection, grade, packing and storage etc.Quality inspection, grade, operations such as packing and storage, all utilize existing method, Processes and apparatus.
Elaborate below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Select for use facing paper to make base material, put into impregnating resin (melamine resin and modified resin thereof, or dipping Lauxite) in, it is fully soaked into, be placed on 120 ℃ of upper strata temperature then, 100 ℃ in middle level is carried out predrying in the drying machine that lower floor's temperature is 80 ℃, chart drive speed is 2m/min, makes facing paper handle sticking slightly hand when touching.By the airflow pavement machine high-abrasive material (silica, alundum (Al, aluminium hydroxide and carborundum etc.) of particle diameter more than 100 orders that chooses is paved on the facing paper of predrying mistake then, the amount of mating formation of the high-abrasive material on the unit are is 20g/m
2The facing paper that will pave high-abrasive material then with polishing roll compacting abrasion resistant particles, adheres on the facing paper surface it by parallel up and down a pair of densification circle roller securely.Facing paper after the densification is immersed in the immersion-type resin once more, impregnating resin is filled fully in intergranular space of high-abrasive material and surface, to flood good facing paper then and be placed in 130 ℃ of upper strata temperature, 120 ℃ in middle level, carry out once more dry in the drying machine that lower floor's temperature is 100 ℃, drying machine speed is 2m/min, makes resin content reach 150%.。Dry good from wear-resistant decorative paper can carry out quality inspection, grade, packing and storage etc.
The wear-resistant decorative paper that this method is produced, surface (referring to have the one side of high-abrasive material) anti-wear performance reaches more than 9000 commentaries on classics, and all other physical mechanics properties all satisfy the respective country standard.Can be used as the surface lining of artificial plates such as particieboard, fiberboard, core-board.
Embodiment 2
Select scientific and technological carpentery workshop base material for use, put into impregnating resin (melamine resin and modified resin thereof, or dipping Lauxite) in, it is fully soaked into, be placed on 120 ℃ of inlet temperatures then, 100 ℃ of stage casing temperature are carried out predrying in the drying machine that outlet temperature is 80 ℃, rate of drying is 1.5m/min, makes scientific and technological wood handle sticking slightly hand when touching.By the airflow pavement machine high-abrasive material (silica, alundum (Al, aluminium hydroxide and carborundum etc.) of particle diameter more than 300 orders that chooses is paved on the scientific and technological wood of predrying mistake then, the amount of mating formation of the high-abrasive material on the unit are is 15g/m
2The scientific and technological akebi that will pave high-abrasive material then crosses parallel up and down a pair of densification with the circle roller, with polishing roll compacting abrasion resistant particles, it is adhered on the scientific and technological wood surface securely.Scientific and technological wood after the densification is immersed in the immersion-type resin once more, impregnating resin is filled fully in intergranular space of high-abrasive material and surface, resin content is 100%.To flood good scientific and technological wood then and put into 130 ℃ of inlet temperatures, 120 ℃ of stage casing temperature are carried out drying once more in the drying machine that outlet temperature is 100 ℃, and drying machine speed is 1.5m/min.Dry good from wear-resisting scientific and technological wood can carry out quality inspection, grade, packing and storage etc.
The wear-resisting science and technology wood that this method is produced, surface abrasion resistance reaches more than 6000 commentaries on classics, and all other physical mechanics properties all satisfy the respective country standard.Can be used as the surface lining of artificial plates such as particieboard, fiberboard, core-board.
Embodiment 3
Select for use slicing veneer to make base material, put into impregnating resin (melamine resin and modified resin thereof, or dipping Lauxite) in, it is fully soaked into, be placed on 100 ℃ of inlet temperatures then, 90 ℃ of stage casing temperature are carried out predrying in the drying machine that outlet temperature is 80 ℃, rate of drying is 1.0m/min, makes slicing veneer handle sticking slightly hand when touching.By the airflow pavement machine high-abrasive material (silica, alundum (Al, aluminium hydroxide and carborundum etc.) of particle diameter more than 200 orders that chooses is paved on the slicing veneer of predrying mistake then, the amount of mating formation of the high-abrasive material on the unit are is 10g/m
2The slicing veneer that will pave high-abrasive material then with polishing roll compacting abrasion resistant particles, adheres on the slicing veneer surface it by parallel up and down a pair of densification circle roller securely.Slicing veneer after the densification is immersed in the immersion-type resin once more, impregnating resin is filled fully in intergranular space of high-abrasive material and surface, resin content is 80%.To flood good slicing veneer then and put into 100 ℃ of inlet temperatures, 90 ℃ of stage casing temperature are carried out drying once more in the drying machine that outlet temperature is 80 ℃, and drying machine speed is 1.0m/min.Dry good from wear-resisting slicing veneer can carry out quality inspection, grade, packing and storage etc.
The wear-resisting slicing veneer that this method is produced, surface abrasion resistance reach more than 6000 commentaries on classics, and all other physical mechanics properties all satisfy the respective country standard.Can be used as the surface lining of artificial plates such as particieboard, fiberboard, core-board.
Embodiment 4
Select for use veneer to make base material, put into impregnating resin (melamine resin and modified resin thereof, or dipping Lauxite) in, it is fully soaked into, be placed on 140 ℃ of inlet temperatures then, 120 ℃ of stage casing temperature are carried out predrying in the drying machine that outlet temperature is 100 ℃, rate of drying is 1.0m/min, makes veneer handle sticking slightly hand when touching.By the airflow pavement machine high-abrasive material (silica, alundum (Al, aluminium hydroxide and carborundum etc.) of particle diameter more than 100 orders that chooses is paved on the veneer of predrying mistake then, the amount of mating formation of the high-abrasive material on the unit are is 25g/m
2The veneer that will pave high-abrasive material then with polishing roll compacting abrasion resistant particles, adheres on the veneer surface it by parallel up and down a pair of densification circle roller securely.Veneer after the densification is immersed in the immersion-type resin once more, impregnating resin is filled fully in intergranular space of high-abrasive material and surface, resin content is 100%.To flood good scientific and technological wood then and put into 130 ℃ of inlet temperatures, 120 ℃ of stage casing temperature are carried out drying once more in the drying machine that outlet temperature is 110 ℃, and drying machine speed is 1.5m/min.Dry good from wear-resisting veneer can carry out quality inspection, grade, packing and storage etc.
The wear-resisting veneer that this method is produced, surface abrasion resistance reach more than 9000 commentaries on classics, and all other physical mechanics properties all satisfy the respective country standard.Can be used as the surface lining of artificial plates such as particieboard, fiberboard, core-board.
Embodiment 5
Select for use the thin bamboo of decoration to make base material, put into impregnating resin (melamine resin and modified resin thereof, or dipping Lauxite) in, it is fully soaked into, be placed on 100 ℃ of inlet temperatures then, 90 ℃ of stage casing temperature are carried out predrying in the drying machine that outlet temperature is 80 ℃, rate of drying is 1.0m/min, makes sliced bamboo handle sticking slightly hand when touching.By the airflow pavement machine high-abrasive material (silica, alundum (Al, aluminium hydroxide and carborundum etc.) of particle diameter more than 300 orders that chooses is paved on the decoration Bao Zhushang of predrying mistake then, the amount of mating formation of the high-abrasive material on the unit are is 10g/m
2The thin bamboo of decoration that will pave high-abrasive material then, adheres to it securely and decorates on the thin bamboo surface with polishing roll compacting abrasion resistant particles by parallel up and down a pair of densification circle roller.The thin bamboo of decoration after the densification is immersed in the immersion-type resin once more, impregnating resin is filled fully in intergranular space of high-abrasive material and surface, resin content is 80%.To flood good slicing veneer then and put into 100 ℃ of inlet temperatures, 90 ℃ of stage casing temperature are carried out drying once more in the drying machine that outlet temperature is 80 ℃, and drying machine speed is 0.5m/min.Dry good from the thin bamboo of wear-resisting decoration can carry out quality inspection, grade, packing and storage etc.