CN102290571A - Method for preparing cathode of lithium iron phosphate battery and lithium iron phosphate battery - Google Patents
Method for preparing cathode of lithium iron phosphate battery and lithium iron phosphate battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN102290571A CN102290571A CN2011102179493A CN201110217949A CN102290571A CN 102290571 A CN102290571 A CN 102290571A CN 2011102179493 A CN2011102179493 A CN 2011102179493A CN 201110217949 A CN201110217949 A CN 201110217949A CN 102290571 A CN102290571 A CN 102290571A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a method for preparing a cathode of a lithium iron phosphate battery which can be used at high power and the lithium iron phosphate battery prepared by the cathode prepared by the method, and aims to provide a method for preparing a cathode of a lithium iron phosphate battery with improved electrical conductivity. According to the technical scheme, the method for preparing the cathode of the lithium iron phosphate battery comprises the following steps of: (1) uniformly mixing a LiFePO4/C composite material doped with metallic oxides TiO2 and Nb2O5, a conductive agent SP, graphite and an adhesive polyvinylidene fluoride; (2) stirring to form paste, and uniformly coating the paste on two sides of an aluminum foil; (3) drying to remove organic dispersing agents; and (4) rolling, molding, shearing, and thus obtaining a cathode plate. The invention has the advantages that: the electrical conductivity of the cathode of the lithium iron phosphate battery is improved, so that heavy current discharging capacity of a lithium iron battery is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of batteries, be specially a kind of ferric phosphate lithium cell anode preparation method that can high power uses and use a kind of ferric phosphate lithium cell of the positive pole preparation of this method preparation.
Background technology
Under the surging situation of present international petroleum, electric motor car has obtained pursuing of market, all adopts lead acid accumulator as power in these fields originally, and the lead acid accumulator of present common use can not satisfy the demands.With the bogie is example, and the lead acid accumulator of a 12V 80Ah starts 10 times continuously, if at every turn by 60 seconds, this car also fails to start, and battery will exhaust the energy of itself.Along with people to the enhancing of environmental protection consciousness, the reinforcement enforcement of national environmental protection policy, the continuous downward modulation of lithium ion battery price, lead acid accumulator will progressively be replaced by lithium ion battery.Lithium ion battery is " secondary cell ", has another name called " lithium-ions battery ".Along with the develop rapidly of various " consuming devices ", lithium ion battery with its can discharge and recharge once more, lightly, capacitance is big, the life-span is big, fail safe is good, voltage and specific energy advantages of higher, absorption of market more and more enlarges.The exploitation potential of lithium ion battery is huge, and all transition metal oxides with high insertion current potential are often made the positive electrode of lithium ion battery, generally believe LiFePO this year in the world
4It is the novel anode material of energy-storage battery.Its major advantage shows: security performance improves greatly, and raw material sources are extensive, and is nontoxic, pollution-free, is real green energy resource.Its industrialization paces are furtherd investigate and actively pushed forward to such lithium ion battery, the fast development of new forms of energy industrialization is had far-reaching strategic importance.
LiFePO
4The obstacle of large-scale application maximum is that its ionic conductance and electron conductivity are lower, causes heavy-current discharge performance poor, can't satisfy the requirement of electric automobile (EV) and hybrid vehicle (HEV).
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above deficiency, the present invention proposes a kind of a kind of ferric phosphate lithium cell that improves the iron phosphate lithium positive pole preparation method of conductivity and use the positive pole preparation of this method preparation.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of ferric phosphate lithium cell anode preparation method, and it may further comprise the steps:
(1) will be through metal oxide TiO
2, Nb
2O
5The LiFePO that mixes
4/ C composite material, conductive agent SP, graphite and binding agent Kynoar mix;
(2) stir into pasty state, be coated in the both sides of aluminium foil equably;
(3) dry to remove the organic substance dispersant;
(4) roll-forming is then sheared, and makes pole piece.
Above-mentioned method for optimizing may further comprise the steps:
(1) will be through metal oxide TiO
2, Nb
2O
5The LiFePO that mixes
4/ C composite material, conductive agent SP, graphite and binding agent Kynoar mix by mass ratio 90-94 ︰ 2-4 ︰ 0.5-1.5 ︰ 3-5;
(2) stir into pasty state, be coated in the both sides of aluminium foil equably, coating layer thickness is 11-13 μ m, and the dressing surface density is controlled at 190-210g/m
2
(3) dry to remove the organic substance dispersant under nitrogen current;
(4) use roll squeezer compression moulding then, shear, make pole piece.
The described preferred best approach may further comprise the steps:
(1) will be through metal oxide TiO
2, Nb
2O
5The LiFePO that mixes
4/ C composite material, conductive agent SP, graphite and binding agent Kynoar mix by mass ratio 92 ︰ 3 ︰ 1 ︰ 4;
(2) stir into pasty state, be coated in the both sides of aluminium foil equably, coating layer thickness is 12 μ m, and the dressing surface density is controlled at 200g/m
2
(3) dry to remove the organic substance dispersant under nitrogen current;
(4) use roll squeezer compression moulding then, shear, make pole piece.
Described metal oxide TiO
2, Nb
2O
5, both are in the ratio of mass ratio 5-7 ︰ 3-5, and the ratio that both metal ion molal quantity sums account for metal ion total mole number 5-7% is entrained in LiFePO
4In the material.
Described metal oxide TiO
2, Nb
2O
5, both are in the ratio of mass ratio 6 ︰ 4, and the ratio that both metal ion molal quantity sums account for metal ion total mole number 6% is entrained in LiFePO
4In the material.
A kind of ferric phosphate lithium cell comprises with LiFePO
4/ C is positive pole, negative pole, barrier film and the alkaline electrolyte of main body,
A, its positive pole prepare by the following method:
(1) will be through metal oxide TiO
2, Nb
2O
5The LiFePO that mixes
4/ C composite material, conductive agent SP, graphite and binding agent Kynoar mix;
(2) stir into pasty state, be coated in the both sides of aluminium foil equably;
(3) dry to remove the organic substance dispersant;
(4) roll-forming is then sheared, and makes pole piece;
B, its negative pole prepare by the following method:
Negative electrode active material carbon powder, acetylene black, 1.5%CMC, styrene butadiene rubber sbr mix, and make the pasty state adhesive, evenly are coated in the Copper Foil both sides, and then vacuumize, cuts at roll-in, makes negative plate;
C, barrier film adopt polyethene microporous membrane;
D, electrolyte are LiPF
6, solvent is the EC(ethylene carbonate), the DEC(diethyl carbonate), DME(dimethyl ethylene glycol) mixed liquor.
Above-mentioned ferric phosphate lithium cell,
A, its positive pole prepare by the following method:
(1) will be through metal oxide TiO
2, Nb
2O
5The LiFePO that mixes
4/ C composite material, conductive agent SP, graphite and binding agent Kynoar mix by mass ratio 92 ︰ 3 ︰ 1 ︰ 4; Described metal oxide TiO
2, Nb
2O
5, both matter are in the ratio of mass ratio 6 ︰ 4, and the ratio that both metal ion molal quantity sums account for metal ion total mole number 6% is entrained in LiFePO
4In the material;
(2) stir into pasty state, be coated in the both sides of aluminium foil equably, coating layer thickness is 12 μ m, and the dressing surface density is controlled at 200g/m
2
(3) dry to remove the organic substance dispersant under nitrogen current;
(4) use roll squeezer compression moulding then, shear, make pole piece;
B, its negative pole prepare by the following method:
Negative electrode active material carbon powder, acetylene black, 1.5%CMC, styrene butadiene rubber sbr mix by the mass ratio of 95 ︰, 0.5 ︰, 1.5 ︰ 3, make the pasty state adhesive, evenly are coated in the Copper Foil both sides, and then vacuumize, cuts at roll-in, makes negative plate;
C, barrier film adopt polyethene microporous membrane;
D, electrolyte are 1mol L
-1LiPF
6, solvent is the EC(ethylene carbonate), the DEC(diethyl carbonate), DME(dimethyl ethylene glycol) be that 1 ︰, 2 ︰ 2 mix by volume.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: (1) the present invention improves the conductivity of iron phosphate lithium positive pole, thereby has improved the lithium ion battery large current discharging capability.(2) positive electrode of the present invention's employing is with TiO
2, Nb
2O
5Metal oxide is made the LiFePO of doping presoma
4/ C composite material.Adopt the LiFePO 4 of anode material of ion doping, replace LiFePO by high valence ion
4Part Fe in the lattice
2+, change local energy level in the lattice, reduce the energy barrier that lithium ion spreads in lattice, thereby improve LiFePO
4Chemical property.(3) the ultra-fine carbon dust of conductive agent SP() mix by a certain percentage, both strengthened anodal conductivity, reduced the internal resistance of battery, reduced cost again with graphite.(4) binding agent uses the PVdF(Kynoar), and reduced binding agent consumption in the iron phosphate lithium positive pole, improve anodal compacted density.(5) electrolyte is LiPF
6, because LiPF
6Can react with minor amount of water, generate HF, HF can react with the lithium passivating film, improves surface texture; Solvent is the EC(ethylene carbonate)+the DEC(diethyl carbonate)+DME(dimethyl ethylene glycol) mixture, this solvent conductivity under-10 ℃ of environmental conditions can reach 9.6 mSCcm
-1
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the battery first discharge specific capacity collection of illustrative plates of embodiment 1 preparation;
Fig. 2 is the battery multiplying power discharging curve chart of embodiment 1 preparation;
Fig. 3 is the battery discharge cycle life figure of embodiment 1 preparation.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The ferric phosphate lithium cell positive pole prepares by the following method:
(1) will be through metal oxide TiO
2, Nb
2O
5The LiFePO that mixes
4/ C composite material, the ultra-fine carbon dust of conductive agent SP(), KS-15(graphite) and binding agent PVdF(Kynoar) mix by mass ratio 92 ︰ 3 ︰ 1 ︰ 4; Described metal oxide TiO
2, Nb
2O
5, both are in the ratio of mass ratio 6 ︰ 4, and the ratio that both metal ion molal quantity sums account for metal ion total mole number 6% is entrained in LiFePO
4In the material;
(2) stir into pasty state, be coated in the both sides of aluminium foil equably, coating layer thickness is 12 μ m, and the dressing surface density is controlled at 200g/m
2
(3) dry to remove the organic substance dispersant under nitrogen current;
(4) use roll squeezer compression moulding then, shear, make pole piece;
The ferric phosphate lithium cell negative pole prepares by the following method:
Negative electrode active material carbon powder, acetylene black, 1.5%CMC(carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution), butadiene-styrene rubber (SBR) mixes by the mass ratio of 95 ︰, 0.5 ︰, 1.5 ︰ 3, make the pasty state adhesive, evenly be coated in the Copper Foil both sides, then vacuumize, roll-in, cut, make negative plate;
The ferric phosphate lithium cell barrier film adopts polyethene microporous membrane;
Ferric phosphate lithium cell electrolyte is 1mol L
-1LiPF
6, solvent is the EC(ethylene carbonate), the DEC(diethyl carbonate), DME(dimethyl ethylene glycol) be that 1 ︰, 2 ︰ 2 mix by volume.
Initial capacity detects:
Producing column type 18650 type capacity by technique scheme is the 1300mAh battery, adopts Guangzhou to hold up a day BS9360 battery detecting Equipment Inspection battery initial capacity index, with the common batteries correlation curve figure of same model, same nominal capacity as shown in Figure 1.
Battery of the present invention and common batteries adopt 0.2C current detecting first discharge specific capacity curve after changing into.From curve as can be seen, adopt the battery first discharge specific capacity of technical solution of the present invention to reach 153mAh/g, reached 90.4% of theoretical specific capacity, and the ferric phosphate lithium cell first discharge specific capacity of common material has only 132 mAh/g, can't satisfy high-power requirement.
High rate performance detects:
Producing column type 18650 type capacity by technique scheme is the 1300mAh battery, adopts Guangzhou to hold up a day BS9360 battery detecting Equipment Inspection battery high rate performance index, with the common batteries correlation curve figure of same model, same nominal capacity as shown in Figure 2.
Detection curve shows, no matter be 0.5C or 10C, the high-rate discharge ability of battery of the present invention all is better than common batteries, the battery of producing by technical solution of the present invention has discharge platform height, characteristics that discharge capacity is big, under the 0.5C discharging condition, its average discharge volt exceeds 0.06 ~ 0.07V than common batteries, its discharge capacity is 1.04 times of common batteries, under the 10C discharging condition, average discharge volt exceeds about 0.15V than common batteries, discharge capacity is 1.19 times of common batteries, and performance satisfies high-power requirement.
Cycle performance detects:
Producing column type 18650 type capacity by technique scheme is the 1300mAh battery, adopts Guangzhou to hold up a day BS9360 battery detecting Equipment Inspection cycle performance of battery index, with the common batteries correlation curve figure of same model, same nominal capacity as shown in Figure 3.
The length in battery 10C discharge cycles life-span decision battery can high-power operation the time limit, from figure below as can be seen, the battery initial cycle discharge capacity of producing by technical solution of the present invention is 1060mAh, reach 81.5% of nominal capacity, circulate after 1200 times, its capacity is 875mAh, reach 82.5% of initial discharge capacity, common batteries initial cycle discharge capacity is 890mAh, reach 68.4% of nominal capacity, circulate after 400 times, its capacity is 670mAh, be 75.3% of initial discharge capacity, reach initial discharge capacity 80% by cycle life and can think that cycle life finishes to calculate, common batteries just can not continue to have used after using 342 times, and discharge time is short, and the battery cycle life that the present invention produces can reach more than 1200 times, and its practical effect is 3.5 times of common batteries.
Embodiment 2:
The ferric phosphate lithium cell positive pole prepares by the following method:
(1) will be through metal oxide TiO
2, Nb
2O
5The LiFePO that mixes
4/ C composite material, the ultra-fine carbon dust of conductive agent SP(), KS-15(graphite) and binding agent PVdF(Kynoar) mix by mass ratio 94 ︰ 2 ︰ 0.5 ︰ 5; Described metal oxide TiO
2, Nb
2O
5, both are in the ratio of mass ratio 5 ︰ 3, and the ratio that both metal ion molal quantity sums account for metal ion total mole number 7% is entrained in LiFePO
4In the material;
(2) stir into pasty state, be coated in the both sides of aluminium foil equably, coating layer thickness is 11 μ m, and the dressing surface density is controlled at 210g/m
2
(3) dry to remove the organic substance dispersant under nitrogen current;
(4) use roll squeezer compression moulding then, shear, make pole piece;
The ferric phosphate lithium cell negative pole prepares by the following method:
Negative electrode active material carbon powder, acetylene black, 1.5%CMC(carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution), butadiene-styrene rubber (SBR) mixes by the mass ratio of 95 ︰, 0.5 ︰, 1.5 ︰ 3, make the pasty state adhesive, evenly be coated in the Copper Foil both sides, then vacuumize, roll-in, cut, make negative plate;
The ferric phosphate lithium cell barrier film adopts polyethene microporous membrane;
Ferric phosphate lithium cell electrolyte is 1mol L
-1LiPF
6, solvent is the EC(ethylene carbonate), the DEC(diethyl carbonate), DME(dimethyl ethylene glycol) be that 1 ︰, 2 ︰ 2 mix by volume.
Embodiment 3:
The ferric phosphate lithium cell positive pole prepares by the following method:
(1) will be through metal oxide TiO
2, Nb
2O
5The LiFePO that mixes
4/ C composite material, the ultra-fine carbon dust of conductive agent SP(), KS-15(graphite) and binding agent PVdF(Kynoar) mix by mass ratio 90 ︰ 4 ︰ 1.5 ︰ 3; Described metal oxide TiO
2, Nb
2O
5, both are in the ratio of mass ratio 7 ︰ 5, and the ratio that both metal ion molal quantity sums account for metal ion total mole number 5% is entrained in LiFePO
4In the material;
(2) stir into pasty state, be coated in the both sides of aluminium foil equably, coating layer thickness is 13 μ m, and the dressing surface density is controlled at 190g/m
2
(3) dry to remove the organic substance dispersant under nitrogen current;
(4) use roll squeezer compression moulding then, shear, make pole piece;
The ferric phosphate lithium cell negative pole prepares by the following method:
Negative electrode active material carbon powder, acetylene black, 1.5%CMC(carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution), butadiene-styrene rubber (SBR) mixes by the mass ratio of 95 ︰, 0.5 ︰, 1.5 ︰ 3, make the pasty state adhesive, evenly be coated in the Copper Foil both sides, then vacuumize, roll-in, cut, make negative plate;
The ferric phosphate lithium cell barrier film adopts polyethene microporous membrane;
Ferric phosphate lithium cell electrolyte is 1mol L
-1LiPF
6, solvent is the EC(ethylene carbonate), the DEC(diethyl carbonate), DME(dimethyl ethylene glycol) be that 1 ︰, 2 ︰ 2 mix by volume.
Claims (7)
1. ferric phosphate lithium cell anode preparation method, it is characterized in that: it may further comprise the steps:
(1) will be through metal oxide TiO
2, Nb
2O
5The LiFePO that mixes
4/ C composite material, conductive agent SP, graphite and binding agent Kynoar mix;
(2) stir into pasty state, be coated in the both sides of aluminium foil equably;
(3) dry to remove the organic substance dispersant;
(4) roll-forming is then sheared, and makes pole piece.
2. ferric phosphate lithium cell anode preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
(1) will be through metal oxide TiO
2, Nb
2O
5The LiFePO that mixes
4/ C composite material, conductive agent SP, graphite and binding agent Kynoar mix by mass ratio 90-94 ︰ 2-4 ︰ 0.5-1.5 ︰ 3-5;
(2) stir into pasty state, be coated in the both sides of aluminium foil equably, coating layer thickness is 11-13 μ m, and the dressing surface density is controlled at 190-210g/m
2
(3) dry to remove the organic substance dispersant under nitrogen current;
(4) use roll squeezer compression moulding then, shear, make pole piece.
3. ferric phosphate lithium cell anode preparation method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
(1) will be through metal oxide TiO
2, Nb
2O
5The LiFePO that mixes
4/ C composite material, conductive agent SP, graphite and binding agent Kynoar mix by mass ratio 92 ︰ 3 ︰ 1 ︰ 4;
(2) stir into pasty state, be coated in the both sides of aluminium foil equably, coating layer thickness is 12 μ m, and the dressing surface density is controlled at 200g/m
2
(3) dry to remove the organic substance dispersant under nitrogen current;
(4) use roll squeezer compression moulding then, shear, make pole piece.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described ferric phosphate lithium cell anode preparation methods, it is characterized in that described metal oxide TiO
2, Nb
2O
5, both are in the ratio of mass ratio 5-7 ︰ 3-5, and the ratio that both metal ion molal quantity sums account for metal ion total mole number 5-7% is entrained in LiFePO
4In the material.
5. ferric phosphate lithium cell anode preparation method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described metal oxide TiO
2, Nb
2O
5, both are in the ratio of mass ratio 6 ︰ 4, and the ratio that both metal ion molal quantity sums account for metal ion total mole number 6% is entrained in LiFePO
4In the material.
6. a ferric phosphate lithium cell comprises with LiFePO
4/ C is positive pole, negative pole, barrier film and the alkaline electrolyte of main body, it is characterized in that:
A, its positive pole prepare by the following method:
(1) will be through metal oxide TiO
2, Nb
2O
5The LiFePO that mixes
4/ C composite material, conductive agent SP, graphite and binding agent Kynoar mix;
(2) stir into pasty state, be coated in the both sides of aluminium foil equably;
(3) dry to remove the organic substance dispersant;
(4) roll-forming is then sheared, and makes pole piece;
B, its negative pole prepare by the following method:
Negative electrode active material carbon powder, acetylene black, 1.5%CMC, styrene butadiene rubber sbr mix, and make the pasty state adhesive, evenly are coated in the Copper Foil both sides, and then vacuumize, cuts at roll-in, makes negative plate;
C, barrier film adopt polyethene microporous membrane;
D, electrolyte are LiPF
6, solvent is the EC(ethylene carbonate), the DEC(diethyl carbonate), DME(dimethyl ethylene glycol) mixed liquor.
7. ferric phosphate lithium cell according to claim 6 is characterized in that:
A, its positive pole prepare by the following method:
(1) will be through metal oxide TiO
2, Nb
2O
5The LiFePO that mixes
4/ C composite material, conductive agent SP, graphite and binding agent Kynoar mix by mass ratio 92 ︰ 3 ︰ 1 ︰ 4; Described metal oxide TiO
2, Nb
2O
5, both are in the ratio of mass ratio 6 ︰ 4, and the ratio that both metal ion molal quantity sums account for metal ion total mole number 6% is entrained in LiFePO
4In the material;
(2) stir into pasty state, be coated in the both sides of aluminium foil equably, coating layer thickness is 12 μ m, and the dressing surface density is controlled at 200g/m
2
(3) dry to remove the organic substance dispersant under nitrogen current;
(4) use roll squeezer compression moulding then, shear, make pole piece;
B, its negative pole prepare by the following method:
Negative electrode active material carbon powder, acetylene black, 1.5%CMC, styrene butadiene rubber sbr mix by the mass ratio of 95 ︰, 0.5 ︰, 1.5 ︰ 3, make the pasty state adhesive, evenly are coated in the Copper Foil both sides, and then vacuumize, cuts at roll-in, makes negative plate;
C, barrier film adopt polyethene microporous membrane;
D, electrolyte are 1mol L
-1LiPF
6, solvent is the EC(ethylene carbonate), the DEC(diethyl carbonate), DME(dimethyl ethylene glycol) be that 1 ︰, 2 ︰ 2 mix by volume.
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