CN102289451A - Method and device for searching files or folders - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for searching files or folders, comprising the steps of: reading the content of the master boot record area, and obtaining the partition format of the hard disk; obtaining the recording addresses of all files or folder attributes in the hard disk according to the partition format of the hard disk, and according to The record address of the attributes of the files or folders reads all the attributes of the files or folders into the memory; it traverses through all the attributes of the files or folders read into the memory to find all or part of the files or folders. The present invention also provides a file or folder search device for realizing the aforementioned method. The file or folder search method and device of the present invention can realize fast file or folder search and reduce the occupation of computer resources.

Description

File or folder search method and device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of computer storage data search, in particular to a file or folder search method and device.

Background technique

The hard disk is the most commonly used storage device on the computer nowadays. The files or folders in the computer are stored in the hard disk in the form of file records. A hard disk can be divided into multiple partitions. Partitioning is essentially a formatting of the hard disk. When we create a partition, we have already set the physical parameters of the hard disk, and specified the storage location of the hard disk master boot record (that is, Master Boot Record, generally referred to as the master boot record area) and boot record backup.

Usually, searching for a specified or all files or folders from the hard disk under Windows is realized by calling the two APIs (Application Programming Interface, Application Programming Interface) of FindFirstFile and FindNextFile. In actual use, because the number of files or folders in the hard disk is large, for example, one hundred thousand or more, tens of thousands of I/O (Input/Output, input/output) operations will occur when calling these two APIs. Therefore, the search speed will be slower.

The index technology is added below Windows XP, which can realize fast search for repeated operations, but it is still relatively slow at the first search. In addition, due to the frequent use of I/O operations, it may also cause occupation of computer resources, thereby slowing down the response of the computer.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a file or folder search method and device, which can realize fast file or folder search and reduce the occupation of computer resources.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention discloses a file or folder search method, comprising the following steps:

Read the content of the master boot record area to obtain the hard disk partition format;

Obtain the record address of all file or folder attributes in the hard disk according to the hard disk partition format, and read all file or folder attributes into memory according to the record address of the file or folder attribute;

Traverse to find all or some files or folders in all file or folder attributes read into memory.

Further, said obtaining the record addresses of all files or folder attributes according to the hard disk partition format, and reading all file or folder attributes into the memory according to the record addresses of the file or folder attributes includes:

If the hard disk partition format is FAT12, FAT16 or FAT32, obtain the record addresses of all file or folder attributes from the file allocation table, and read all the file or folder attributes in the file allocation table into the memory; and/or

If the partition format of the hard disk is NTFS, obtain the record addresses of all file or folder attributes from the master file table, and read all the file or folder attributes in the master file table into the memory according to the record addresses of the file or folder attributes.

Further, said obtaining the record addresses of all files or folder attributes from the file allocation table, and reading all the file or folder attributes in the file allocation table into the memory according to the record addresses of the file or folder attributes includes:

Read the content of the BIOS parameter block to obtain the starting address and size of the file allocation table;

Determine the record start and end addresses of the record items where the attributes of all files or folders are located in the file allocation table;

Read all the file or folder attributes in the file allocation table into the memory according to the determined record start and end addresses of the record items where the attributes of all the files or folders are located.

Further, said obtaining the record addresses of all file or folder attributes from the master file table, and reading all the file or folder attributes in the master file table into the memory according to the record addresses of the file or folder attributes includes:

Read the content of the BIOS parameter block to obtain the starting address and size of the main file table;

Determine the record start and end addresses of the record items where all file or folder attributes are located in the master file table;

Read all the file or folder attributes in the master file table into the memory according to the determined record start and end addresses of the record items where the attributes of all the files or folders are located.

Further, said obtaining the record addresses of all file or folder attributes from the master file table, and reading all the file or folder attributes in the master file table into the memory according to the record addresses of the file or folder attributes includes:

Open the metafile $MFT through CreateFile to obtain the record addresses of all file or folder attributes in the entire master file table, and obtain the file or folder attributes according to the record addresses of the record items where the file or folder attributes are located .

Further, the traversal search in the attributes of all files or folders in the memory includes:

Traverse each file or folder attribute, obtain the attribute information of the file or folder, so as to manage the file or folder.

Further, the traversal search in the attributes of all files or folders in the memory includes:

Determine the starting address of the file allocation table or master file table;

Starting from the starting address, offset the number of bytes occupied by the record item where the attribute of the file or folder is located until the traversal is completed.

Further, the traversal search in all data attributes in the memory includes:

Determine the storage location of the file or folder attribute in the record item in the master file table, and search in the storage location.

Further, the traversing to find all or part of the files or folders in the attributes of all files or folders read into the memory includes:

According to the characteristics of the files or folders added during the search as the search condition, traverse and search for all or part of the files or folders in the attributes of all files or folders read into the memory;

It will display the found files or folders.

Further, the search conditions include one or more of the following: file name, folder name, creation date, last access date and size.

Further, the search for the specified file or folder includes one or more of the following:

Duplicate file or folder search, 0-byte file or folder search, specified file or folder search, and junk file search.

Further, the method further includes deleting the found file or folder.

Further, the method also includes:

If a new hard disk partition format appears, obtain the record address of the file or folder attribute from the server.

Further, the attributes of all files or folders in the hard disk include one or more of the following:

Name, Size, Created, Created, Last Accessed, Last Modified.

Further, the method also includes:

Obtain the storage location of all files or folders in the hard disk according to the partition format of the hard disk.

Further, said reading all file or folder attributes into memory includes:

read all file or folder attributes into memory at once; or

Read all file or folder attributes into memory in pieces.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention also discloses a file or folder search device, comprising:

The master boot record area content reading module is used to read the content of the master boot record area and obtain the hard disk partition format;

The record acquisition module is used to obtain the record addresses of all files or folder attributes in the hard disk according to the hard disk partition format, and read all file or folder attributes into the memory according to the record addresses of the file or folder attributes;

The search module is used to traverse and find all or part of files or folders in the properties of all files or folders read into memory.

Further, the record acquisition module includes:

The file allocation table record acquisition module is used to obtain the record address of all file or folder attributes from the file allocation table when the hard disk partition format is FAT12, FAT16 or FAT32, and to file the file allocation table according to the record address of the file or folder attribute. All file or folder attributes in the are read into memory; and/or

The master file table record acquisition module is used to obtain the record addresses and attributes of all file or folder attributes from the master file table when the hard disk partition format is NTFS, and transfer them to the master file table according to the record addresses of the file or folder attributes. All file or folder attributes are read into memory.

Further, the file allocation table record acquisition module includes:

The file allocation table start address and size acquisition unit are used to read the content of the BIOS parameter block and obtain the start address and size of the file allocation table;

A record address determining unit, configured to determine the record start and end addresses of record items where all file or folder attributes are located in the file allocation table;

The record content reading unit is used for reading all the file or folder attributes in the file allocation table into the memory according to the determined record start and end addresses of the record items where the attributes of all files or folders are located.

Further, the master file table record acquisition module includes:

The starting address and size acquisition unit of the main file table is used to read the content of the BIOS parameter block and obtain the starting address and the size of the main file table;

A record address determination unit, configured to determine the record start and end addresses of the record items where the attributes of all files or folders in the master file table are located;

The record content reading unit is used for reading all file or folder attributes in the main file table into the memory according to the determined record start and end addresses of the record items where the attributes of all files or folders are located.

Further, the master file table record acquisition module includes:

The metafile opening unit is used to open the metafile $MFT through CreateFile to obtain the record address of all file or folder attributes in the entire master file table, and obtain the file or folder according to the record address of the file or folder attribute Attributes.

Further, the search module includes:

The file or folder attribute traversal unit is configured to traverse each file or folder attribute to obtain file or folder attribute information, so as to manage the file or folder.

Further, the search module includes:

The attribute information area determination unit is used to determine the storage location of the file or folder attribute in the record item where it is located in the master file table, and search the storage location.

Further, the device also includes:

The search condition adding module is used to traverse and search all or part of the files or folders in all the file or folder attributes read into the memory according to the file or folder characteristics added during the search as the search condition; and

The display module is used to display the found files or folders.

Further, the device also includes:

The processing module is used to delete the found files or folders.

Further, the device also includes:

The file or folder attribute record address obtaining module is used to obtain the file or folder attribute record address from the server when a new hard disk partition format appears.

Further, the record acquisition module includes:

read-at-once unit for reading all file or folder attributes into memory at once; or

The segment read unit is used to read all file or folder attributes into memory in segments.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

The file or folder search method and device of the present invention determine each file or folder attribute record according to the hard disk partition type by reading the recording start address of the file or folder attribute recorded in the master boot record area of the hard disk The offset of the record item, so as to obtain the record start and end addresses of each file or folder attribute, and read all file or folder attributes from the hard disk into the In memory, and then traverse all file or folder attributes in memory to search for files or folders. This method realizes the file or folder search through one or several I/O operations, which can avoid the slow search speed caused by frequent I/O operations, improve the search speed and the response speed of the client, and avoid Unnecessary hogging of client resources.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the flow chart of Embodiment 1 of the file or folder search method of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the flow chart of obtaining all files or folder recording method embodiments according to the hard disk partition format shown in Fig. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the file or folder search device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The file or folder search method and device of the present invention are applied to a computer client to search files or folders stored in the hard disk of the client. Specifically, the file or folder search method and device of the present application can be implemented by a computer program, installed in a client, and executed by running a processor.

Referring to Fig. 1, it shows the first embodiment of the file or folder search method of the present invention, comprising the following steps:

Step 101, read the content of the master boot record area to obtain the partition format of the hard disk.

The operating system can call the API CreateFile to open the corresponding hard disk device or partition. Thereby, the handle of the hard disk or partition is obtained, and then the content of the master boot record area (MBR, Master BootRecord) is read.

Read the content of the master boot record area to determine the partition format of the hard disk. The logo of the hard disk partition format is recorded in the master boot record area, and the hard disk partition format can be determined by reading the content of the master boot record area. The current Windows partition formats include FAT12, FAT16, FAT32 and NTFS (New Technology File System). Among them, for the first three types, all files and folder information on the hard disk are recorded in the file allocation table (FAT, File Allocation Table). For NTFS partitions, all files and folder information are stored in the master file table (MFT, Master File Table).

Step 102: Obtain the record address of all file or folder attributes in the hard disk according to the partition format of the hard disk, and read all file or folder attributes into memory according to the record address of the file or folder attribute.

Wherein, the file or folder attribute refers to the characteristics such as name, size, creation time, creation date, last access date, last modification date, etc. that can identify the file or folder.

The attributes of all files or folders are recorded in the file allocation table or master file table, wherein the recorded carrier corresponds to the hard disk partition format. The attributes of all files or folders corresponding to the partition format of FAT12, FAT16 or FAT32 are recorded in the file allocation table, and the attributes of files or folders corresponding to the partition format of NTFS are recorded in the master file table.

If the partition format of the hard disk is one of FAT12, FAT16 or FAT32, then read the contents of the file allocation table. If the partition format of the hard disk is NTFS, then read the contents of the master file table.

Reading all file or folder attributes into the memory can be read into the memory at one time, or read into the memory in segments, that is, read in several times, and the specifics can be determined according to the capacity and occupancy of the memory. For example, when the memory is large enough, you can choose to read all the file or folder attributes into the memory at one time, and when the memory is insufficient, you can read all the file or folder attributes into the memory several times, thus avoiding frequent input/ Output operations and use too many system resources.

With reference to Fig. 2, wherein, the specific process of reading the contents of the file allocation table is:

D1, read the content of BPB (BIOS Parameter Block, BIOS Parameter Block) to obtain the starting address and size of the file allocation table.

Among them, the BPB is recorded in the master boot record area, and the BPB will record the starting address of the file allocation table in a fixed format, and the content of the BPB can be read from the master boot record area, and the BPB correspondence can be found by analyzing the BPB content. The record bytes of the file allocation table can be obtained.

In addition, the BPB defines the number of bytes per sector, how many sectors each cluster has, and the total number of sectors. Through these files or folders, you can calculate the size of each cluster = the number of bytes per sector * the number of sectors in each cluster. The BPB records the starting cluster number occupied by the file allocation table and the number of clusters occupied, so that the size of the file allocation table can be obtained.

D2. Determine the record start and end addresses of the record items where the attributes of all files or folders are located in the file allocation table.

Generally speaking, the offset between each record item in the file allocation table is certain, and the storage location of the file or folder attribute in each record item is also certain. After determining the starting address of the file allocation table , the start and end address of the record item where each file or folder attribute is located can be obtained through the offset, so as to determine the record address of each file or folder attribute. For example, the offset of a record item in the file allocation table is 1024 bytes, and the file or folder attribute occupies the first 512 bytes. After determining the start and end addresses of each record item in the file allocation table, you can Determines the address of record for file or folder attributes.

The end address of the file allocation table can be determined through the start address, offset and size of the file allocation table. Specifically, the end address of the file allocation table can be calculated through the start address and size, and obtained through the offset The record start and end addresses of all file or folder attribute record items between the start address and the end address, so as to ensure that the record start and end addresses of all file or folder attribute record items in the file allocation table can be determined.

D3. Read all the file or folder attributes in the file allocation table into the memory according to the determined start and end addresses of the record items where the attributes of all the files or folders are located.

After determining the record start and end addresses of all file or folder attributes in the file allocation table, the entire file allocation table can be read into the memory at one time or in sections, including all file or folder attributes, that is, once or Several I/O operations.

One of the ways to read the content of the main file table is the same as the above-mentioned way to read the content of the file allocation table, that is, to obtain the starting address and size of the main file table through BPB, and then determine it according to the offset of the main file table The record start and end addresses of all file or folder attributes in the master file table, and read all the file or folder attributes of the entire master file table into the memory at one time or in segments.

Because of the particularity of the NTFS partition, to read the content of the master file table, you can also directly open the metafile $MFT through CreateFile to obtain the record addresses of the record items where all the file or folder attributes of the entire master file table are located, and according to the file or folder The record address of the record item where the attribute is located to obtain the file or folder attribute, and then read all the file or folder attributes into the memory at one time or in segments.

Further, the storage location of the file or folder in the hard disk can also be obtained, so as to facilitate subsequent search for a specific file or folder and management of all files or folders.

Step 103, traverse to find all or part of the files or folders in the properties of all the files or folders read into the memory.

Among them, a record item in the file allocation table or master file table corresponds to a file or folder, and all files and folders on the entire partition are listed by traversing the file or folder attributes in all record items, so that quick search can be realized All or part of a file or folder.

For the file allocation table, each record item occupies 32 bytes, among which, the first 10 bytes are the file name (Dos file name rule, that is, short file name), and then there is 1 byte to record the file attribute, 1 byte is reserved, followed by creation time, creation date, last access date, how many clusters are occupied in total, last modification date, address of the first cluster, file size. Because the number of bytes occupied by each data is small, relevant information can be obtained directly by traversing the entire data. Specifically, starting from the record start address of the first data, the number of bytes occupied by each offset data, that is, 32 bytes, can traverse all file or folder information to obtain the attributes of the file or folder information.

For the main file table, each record item occupies 1024 bytes, and the file or folder attribute occupies the first 512 bytes. After determining the record start address of the record item where the file or folder is located, read 512 bytes later Byte, you can get the attribute information of the file or folder. Therefore, when searching, it is also possible to first determine the storage location of the file or folder attributes, and then read the relevant attributes at the found storage location, without traversing the entire record item, thereby saving search time. Specifically, in the main file table, all attribute information of each file or folder is recorded in the 512 bytes after the area beginning with the first "FILE0" of the record item where it is located. By finding the first "FILE0" The area at the beginning, and then read 512 bytes later to get attribute information.

In addition, because the file allocation table or the main file table records the detailed information of the file or folder, when searching, you can add the characteristics of the file or folder as the search condition, and search through all the file or folder attributes read into the memory All or part of a file or folder, thereby increasing search speed. In addition, the found files or folders can also be displayed as required. Among them, the search criteria can include file name, creation date, last access date, size and so on. By adding search conditions, the file or folder search method of the present invention can be applied to file search in various scenarios, such as duplicate file or folder search, 0-byte file or folder search, specified file or folder search, and garbage file lookup and more.

Further, the found files or folders may also be deleted as required. For example, delete duplicate files or folders, junk files, 0-byte files or folders, and more.

Further, when a new hard disk partition format appears, the record address of the file or folder attribute in the partition format can be obtained from the server, so that the file or folder attribute can be read into the memory according to the record address of the file or folder attribute .

Next, take the Windows operating system as an example to illustrate the above-mentioned file or folder search method. Assume that the partition of the hard disk adopts NTFS format, and the file search needs to be performed on the C drive. The specific process is as follows:

Use Windows API CreateFile to open the target drive, read the first 512 bytes, that is, the boot record area, starting from the 25th byte is the BPB file, the starting address of the MFT can be read from the BPB, specifically the first BPB in the BPB 49-57 bytes. The first two bytes in BPB define the number of bytes per sector, the next two bytes define how many sectors each cluster has, and the 41st to 49th bytes are the total number of bytes in this partition sector. The above files or folders can calculate the size of each cluster = the number of bytes per sector * the number of sectors in each cluster. The size of each cluster is usually 4KB, but it can also be specified as other sizes when formatting. After obtaining the MFT address, call ReadFile again to read the entire MFT. Each record segment of the MFT is 1024 bytes long.

Start traversing the MFT to find all files and folders. The specific method is: find the first area beginning with "FILE0", read 512 bytes later, all the attributes related to this file or folder are all in these 512 bytes, including the file name, whether it is a directory, File size, starting cluster number occupied by the file, how many clusters it occupies, creation date, access date, etc. Here, only the first 512 bytes are read instead of 1024 bytes, because the following 512 nodes are data segments, and some files smaller than 512 bytes will be directly stored in the MFT. For searching files, the first 512 bytes are read You can find it. Then offset 1024 bytes to read the content of the next file, and so on, until all file information is read, and the search can be completed.

Referring to FIG. 3 , it shows an embodiment of a file or folder search device of the present invention, which includes: a master boot record area content reading module 10 , a record acquisition module 20 and a search module 30 .

The master boot record area content reading module 10 is used to read the content of the master boot record area to obtain the hard disk partition format. Among them, the hard disk partition format is usually FAT12, FAT16, FAT32 and NTFS.

The record acquiring module 20 is configured to acquire the record addresses of all file or folder attributes according to the hard disk partition format, and read all file or folder attributes into memory according to the record addresses of the file or folder attributes. Wherein, when the hard disk partition format is FAT12, FAT16 or FAT32, the record acquisition module 20 is a file allocation table record acquisition module, which is used to obtain the record addresses of all files or folder attributes from the file allocation table. When the hard disk format partition is NTFS, the record obtaining module 20 is a master file table record obtaining module, which is used to obtain the record addresses of all file or folder attributes from the master file table.

The search module 30 is configured to traverse and search for all or part of the files or folders in the attributes of all files or folders read into the memory.

Wherein, the file allocation table record acquisition module includes a file allocation table start address and size acquisition unit, a record address determination unit and a record content reading unit. Wherein, the start address and size acquisition unit of the file allocation table is used to read the content of the BPB and obtain the start address and size of the file allocation table. The recording address determination unit is used for determining the recording start and end addresses of all files or folders in the file allocation table. The record content reading unit is used for reading all the file or folder attributes in the file allocation table into the memory according to the determined record start and end addresses of the record items where the attributes of all files or folders are located.

The master file table record acquisition module includes a master file table start address and size acquisition unit, a record address determination unit and a record content reading unit. Wherein, the starting address and size acquisition unit of the main file table is used to read the content of the BPB and obtain the starting address and size of the main file table. The record address determination unit is used to determine the record start and end addresses of all files or folders in the master file table. The record content reading unit is used for reading all file or folder attributes in the main file table into the memory according to the determined record start and end addresses of the record items where the attributes of all files or folders are located.

In addition, the master file table record acquisition module can also include a metafile opening unit, which is used to open the metafile $MFT through CreateFile to obtain the record addresses of all files or folder attributes of the entire master file table, and according to the file or folder Attribute Record Address Gets the file or folder attribute.

Further, the search module includes a file or folder attribute traversal unit and/or an attribute information area determination module. Wherein, the file or folder attribute traversal unit is used for traversing each file or folder attribute to obtain the file or folder attribute. The attribute information area determination module is used to determine the storage location of the file or folder attribute in the master file table, and search the storage location.

Further, the file or folder search device also includes a search condition adding module and a display module. The search condition adding module is used to add the added file or folder characteristics as a search condition when searching. For example, search criteria for file name, creation date, last access date, size, etc. The display module is used to display the found files or folders.

Further, the device for searching for files or folders also includes a processing module for deleting the found files or folders.

Further, the file or folder search device also includes a file or folder attribute folder record address acquisition module, which is used to obtain the record address of the file or folder attribute from the server when a new hard disk partition format appears.

Further, the record acquisition module also includes a one-time reading unit, which is used to read all file or folder attributes into the memory at one time; or a segmented read unit, which is used to read all file or folder attributes into the memory in segments .

The file or folder search method and device of the present invention determine the address of each file or folder record by reading the start address and size of the file or folder record recorded in the master boot record area, so that all files or folders The folder records are read into the memory once or segmented, and then all the files or folder records are traversed in the memory to find the files. This method realizes the file search through one or several I/O operations, which can avoid the slow search speed caused by frequent I/O operations, improve the search speed and the response speed of the client, and avoid resource allocation on the client. Unnecessary occupation.

Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other. As for the device embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for related parts, please refer to the part of the description of the method embodiment.

The file or folder search method and device provided by the present invention have been introduced in detail above. The principles and implementation methods of the present invention have been explained by using specific examples in this paper. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the present invention. method and its core idea; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. Invention Limitations.

Claims (27)

1. A method for searching files or folders, comprising the following steps: Read the content of the master boot record area to obtain the hard disk partition format; Obtain the record address of all file or folder attributes in the hard disk according to the hard disk partition format, and read all file or folder attributes into memory according to the record address of the file or folder attribute; Traverse to find all or some files or folders in all file or folder attributes read into memory. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, according to the hard disk partition format, the record addresses of all files or folder attributes are obtained, and all files or folders are saved according to the record addresses of the file or folder attributes. Properties read into memory include: If the hard disk partition format is FAT12, FAT16 or FAT32, obtain the record addresses of all file or folder attributes from the file allocation table, and read all the file or folder attributes in the file allocation table into the memory; and/or If the partition format of the hard disk is NTFS, obtain the record addresses of all file or folder attributes from the master file table, and read all the file or folder attributes in the master file table into the memory according to the record addresses of the file or folder attributes. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, obtaining the record addresses of all files or folder attributes from the file allocation table, and distributing all files in the file allocation table according to the record addresses of the file or folder attributes or folder properties read into memory include: Read the content of the BIOS parameter block to obtain the starting address and size of the file allocation table; Determine the record start and end addresses of the record items where the attributes of all files or folders are located in the file allocation table; Read all the file or folder attributes in the file allocation table into the memory according to the determined record start and end addresses of the record items where the attributes of all the files or folders are located. 4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, obtaining the record addresses of all files or folder attributes from the master file table, and converting all files in the master file table according to the record addresses of the file or folder attributes File or folder attributes read into memory include: Read the content of the BIOS parameter block to obtain the starting address and size of the main file table; Determine the record start and end addresses of the record items where all file or folder attributes are located in the master file table; Read all the file or folder attributes in the master file table into the memory according to the determined record start and end addresses of the record items where the attributes of all the files or folders are located. 5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, obtaining the record addresses of all files or folder attributes from the master file table, and converting all files in the master file table according to the record addresses of the file or folder attributes File or folder attributes read into memory include: Open the metafile $MFT through CreateFile to obtain the record addresses of all file or folder attributes in the entire master file table, and obtain the file or folder attributes according to the record addresses of the record items where the file or folder attributes are located . 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein said traversing search in all files or folder attributes in the memory comprises: Traverse each file or folder attribute, obtain the attribute information of the file or folder, so as to manage the file or folder. 7. The method according to claim 2, wherein the traversing search in all file or folder attributes in the memory comprises: Determine the starting address of the file allocation table or master file table; Starting from the starting address, offset the number of bytes occupied by the record item where the attribute of the file or folder is located until the traversal is completed. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein said searching through all data attributes in the memory comprises: Determine the storage location of the file or folder attribute in the record item in the master file table, and search in the storage location. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein traversing and searching all or part of the files or folders in the properties of all files or folders read into the memory comprises: According to the characteristics of the files or folders added during the search as the search condition, traverse and search for all or part of the files or folders in the attributes of all files or folders read into the memory; It will display the found files or folders. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the search conditions include one or more of the following: file name, folder name, creation date, last access date and size. 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the search for the specified file or folder includes one or more of the following: Duplicate file or folder search, 0-byte file or folder search, specified file or folder search, and junk file search. 12. The method according to claim 11, further comprising deleting the found file or folder. 13. The method of claim 1, further comprising: If a new hard disk partition format appears, obtain the record address of the file or folder attribute from the server. 14. The method according to claim 1, wherein the attributes of all files or folders in the hard disk include one or more of the following: Name, Size, Created, Created, Last Accessed, Last Modified. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising: Obtain the storage location of all files or folders in the hard disk according to the partition format of the hard disk. 16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein said reading all file or folder attributes into memory comprises: read all file or folder attributes into memory at once; or Read all file or folder attributes into memory in pieces. 17. A file or folder search device, characterized in that it comprises: The master boot record area content reading module is used to read the content of the master boot record area and obtain the hard disk partition format; The record acquisition module is used to obtain the record addresses of all files or folder attributes in the hard disk according to the hard disk partition format, and read all file or folder attributes into the memory according to the record addresses of the file or folder attributes; The search module is used to traverse and find all or part of files or folders in the properties of all files or folders read into memory. 18. The device according to claim 17, wherein the record acquisition module comprises: The file allocation table record acquisition module is used to obtain the record address of all file or folder attributes from the file allocation table when the hard disk partition format is FAT12, FAT16 or FAT32, and to file the file allocation table according to the record address of the file or folder attribute. All file or folder attributes in the are read into memory; and/or The master file table record acquisition module is used to obtain the record addresses and attributes of all file or folder attributes from the master file table when the hard disk partition format is NTFS, and transfer them to the master file table according to the record addresses of the file or folder attributes. All file or folder attributes are read into memory. 19. The device according to claim 18, wherein the file allocation table record acquisition module comprises: The file allocation table start address and size acquisition unit are used to read the content of the BIOS parameter block and obtain the start address and size of the file allocation table; A record address determining unit, configured to determine the record start and end addresses of record items where all file or folder attributes are located in the file allocation table; The record content reading unit is used for reading all the file or folder attributes in the file allocation table into the memory according to the determined record start and end addresses of the record items where the attributes of all files or folders are located. 20. The device according to claim 18, wherein the master file table record acquisition module comprises: The starting address and size acquisition unit of the main file table is used to read the content of the BIOS parameter block and obtain the starting address and the size of the main file table; A record address determination unit, configured to determine the record start and end addresses of the record items where the attributes of all files or folders in the master file table are located; The record content reading unit is used for reading all file or folder attributes in the main file table into the memory according to the determined record start and end addresses of the record items where the attributes of all files or folders are located. 21. The device according to claim 18, wherein the master file table record acquisition module comprises: The metafile opening unit is used to open the metafile $MFT through CreateFile to obtain the record address of all file or folder attributes in the entire master file table, and obtain the file or folder according to the record address of the file or folder attribute Attributes. 22. The device according to claim 17, wherein the search module comprises: The file or folder attribute traversal unit is configured to traverse each file or folder attribute to obtain file or folder attribute information, so as to manage the file or folder. 23. The device according to claim 17, wherein the search module comprises: The attribute information area determination unit is used to determine the storage location of the file or folder attribute in the record item where it is located in the master file table, and search the storage location. 24. The apparatus of claim 17, further comprising: The search condition adding module is used to traverse and search all or part of the files or folders in all the file or folder attributes read into the memory according to the file or folder characteristics added during the search as the search condition; and The display module is used to display the found files or folders. 25. The device of claim 24, further comprising: The processing module is used to delete the found files or folders. 26. The apparatus of claim 17, further comprising: The file or folder attribute record address obtaining module is used to obtain the file or folder attribute record address from the server when a new hard disk partition format appears. 27. The device according to any one of claims 17 to 26, wherein the record acquisition module comprises: read-at-once unit for reading all file or folder attributes into memory at once; or The segment read unit is used to read all file or folder attributes into memory in segments.

Images