CN102251775B - Ecological restoration method for coal gangue dump - Google Patents
Ecological restoration method for coal gangue dump Download PDFInfo
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- CN102251775B CN102251775B CN 201010580086 CN201010580086A CN102251775B CN 102251775 B CN102251775 B CN 102251775B CN 201010580086 CN201010580086 CN 201010580086 CN 201010580086 A CN201010580086 A CN 201010580086A CN 102251775 B CN102251775 B CN 102251775B
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- coal gangue
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 240000000161 Lagerstroemia indica Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000000283 Lagerstroemia parviflora Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000124844 Sedum alfredii Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000221079 Euphorbia <genus> Species 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 240000001980 Cucurbita pepo Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000009852 Cucurbita pepo Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000220286 Sedum Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000345998 Calamus manan Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000205585 Aquilegia canadensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009193 crawling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005213 imbibition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种煤矸石山生态修复方法，该方法通过整理煤矸石山，整理山体的同时，自上而下设置环形植物沟渠和纵形排水沟，在矸石上添加粘土并夯实，在沟渠之间的粘土上添加脱水污泥和矸石混合物，并种植东南景天，在植物沟渠添加矸石山表层土、熟化猪粪和蛭石组成的混合基质，并在混合基质内依次重复种植地锦、紫薇、小亚腰葫芦。本方法能有效降低煤矸石自燃几率，缩短修复周期，同时利用脱水活性污泥，变废为宝，同时可获得一定的经济效益、环境效益和社会效益。
The invention relates to a method for ecological restoration of coal gangue hills. In the method, the coal gangue hills are sorted out. At the same time as the hills are sorted out, ring-shaped plant ditches and vertical drainage ditches are arranged from top to bottom, and clay is added to the gangue hills and compacted. Add a mixture of dewatered sludge and gangue to the clay in the middle, and plant Sedum sedum, add a mixed substrate composed of gangue hill topsoil, mature pig manure and vermiculite in the plant ditch, and plant brocade and crape myrtle in sequence in the mixed substrate , Small Asian waist gourd. The method can effectively reduce the spontaneous combustion probability of coal gangue, shorten the restoration period, and simultaneously utilize dewatered activated sludge to turn waste into wealth, and can obtain certain economic, environmental and social benefits at the same time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the coal gangue hill ecological restoring method, be particularly useful for that temperature is higher, acidity is big, various heavy is polluted, the plant landscape of arid and barren coal gangue hill.
Background technology
Coal accounts for about 74% in China's Energy Mix ratio as the disposable energy, the spoil that gangue is namely mined and got rid of in process and the coal washing process, account for the 15%-20% of raw coal output, more than 1500 of the existing coal gangue hill in China emphasis colliery, accumulating amount reaches more than 40 hundred million tons, takes up an area of 1.33 ten thousand hectares.Gangue is just with annual emissions 1.5 * 10 at present
9The speed of ton increases, surplus the newly-increased floor space about 300～400 ten thousand square metres.The seriously polluted destruction ecology of mining areas system of gangue influences vegetation recovery, destroys plant growth medium.Greening vegetation is to set up stable, one of the hillock artificial vegetation ecosystem and the effective way of thoroughly improving the ecological environment efficiently on coal gangue hill.
Present technical elements in the mine phytoremediation, Chinese patent application number is 200710131745.1 to disclose a kind of method of only planting honeysuckle on the mine, but do not point out the type in mine, number of patent application be 200910102554.1 disclose a kind of on abandoned land the method for original position phytoremediation vegetation, but the immature soil and the rubble that are mainly used in barren arid are main abandoned land.Document about the coal gangue hill phytoremediation is more, but fails from greening, improvement, economic benefit, and prevents that comprehensive angle such as gangue spontaneous combustion from considering that generally speaking, input cost is big, and economic benefit is low, and a lot of areas are not suitable for.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the objective of the invention is to overcome the weak point in the prior art, the coal gangue hill that a kind of method is simple, expense is low, afforestation effect is good ecological restoring method is provided.
Technical scheme: coal gangue hill ecological restoring method step of the present invention is as follows:
A, coal gangue hill is organized into the inclination angle less than 30 ° gentle slope form, in the arrangement gentle slope from top to bottom near the mountain the body layering dig that to establish width be that 30～60cm, the degree of depth are the annular plant ditch of 40～50cm, and spacing distance digs that to establish width be that 40～80cm, the degree of depth are the longitudinal drainage ditch of 30～40cm from top to bottom;
Argillic horizon and compacting are laid in b, the coal gangue hill after arrangement, the bottom of trench that comprises annular plant ditch and longitudinal drainage ditch and both sides;
It is the dehydration activity mud of 1:4 and the mixture of spoil that c, the argillic horizon outside annular plant ditch and longitudinal drainage ditch are laid mass ratio, and plants Sedum alfredii Hance at mixture;
D, filling thickness is the mixed-matrix of 25～30cm in annular plant ditch, and in mixed-matrix, alternately plant humid euphorbia successively, crape myrtle, little inferior waist cucurbit, finish the reparation of coal gangue hill ecology.
The thickness of described argillic horizon is 20～30cm; The spacing distance of described annular plant ditch is 2～6m; Mixed-matrix is mixed by hillock topsoil, slaking pig manure and vermiculite, and its mass ratio is 4:1:2; The water content of described dehydration activity mud is less than 85%; The particle diameter of the described spoil that mixes with dehydration activity mud is 3～10cm.
Beneficial effect: the characteristics that the present invention is directed to coal gangue hill, afforest from coal gangue hill, administer, pollutant (mud) recycling and prevent that comprehensive angle such as spontaneous combustion of coal gangue hill from considering, take the optimum organization of screening plant, be aided with the engineering means, in greening, when administering coal gangue hill, efficiently solve the problem of the rainwater infiltration that coal gangue hill causes owing to the growth of root system of plant, humid euphorbia, Sedum alfredii Hance and plant ditch and escape canal be reasonably combined to efficiently solve the gangue rain drop erosion, the problem of alluvial and landslide, the experiment proved that, heavy metal Zn/Cd ultraproduct is involved Pb enriching plant-Sedum alfredii Hance and can better be grown on acid hillock, and drought-resistant and barren, add that activated sludge (organic matter) can promote the Sedum alfredii Hance growth and to the absorption of heavy metal.Sedum alfredii Hance in the spring and autumn growth better can melt after blooming summer naturally, removes the heavy labour of harvesting from, and the plant of Rong Huaing can directly become organic matter simultaneously, increases plantation layer fertility.Sedum alfredii Hance is ombrophyte, climbs the root that the rattan plant covers Sedum alfredii Hance, and Sedum alfredii Hance is grown better, can provide fertilizer for the humid euphorbia root of crawling again after Sedum alfredii Hance melts simultaneously.Climb the rattan plant and can reduce the destruction that rain drop erosion brings hillock effectively, the little inferior waist cucurbit of plantation and crape myrtle then can bring certain economic benefits in irrigation canals and ditches, and crape myrtle also can absorb SO simultaneously
2, reduced the issuable SO of hillock
2Pollution to atmosphere.In the mine district, root system vertically flourishing plant may cause the spoil of rain penetration under the argillic horizon, thereby causes the spoil dieseling.Root is more shallow and Sedum alfredii Hance root and humid euphorbia crawl, and can not cause the spoil of rain penetration under the argillic horizon because of the root system of plant, thereby reduce the spontaneous combustion of coal gangue hill probability effectively.Vermiculite has good water imbibition, thermal insulation in the matrix that adopts, and has both kept moisture, can prevent the influence that underground heat is possible to root system of plant effectively again.Realize the greening of coal gangue hill, it is simple to have method, and rehabilitation cost is little, the plant survival rate height, and output is big, ecological benefits and good in economic efficiency characteristics.The coal gangue hill of repairing does not have the landslide, dieseling takes place, plant grew well, and the coverage scale height of coal gangue hill plant, drainage effect is good, and no rainwater infiltration phenomenon takes place, and can produce the certain economic income simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is gentle slope of the present invention form coal gangue hill schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is annular plant ditch of the present invention and longitudinal drainage ditch layout diagram.
Among the figure: 1-coal gangue hill, 2-longitudinal drainage ditch, 3-annular plant ditch.
The specific embodiment
Coal gangue hill ecological restoring method of the present invention:
A, coal gangue hill 1 is organized into the inclination angle less than 30 ° gentle slope form, as shown in Figure 1, in the arrangement gentle slope from top to bottom near the mountain the body layering dig that to establish width be that 30～60cm, the degree of depth are the annular plant ditch 3 of 40～50cm, the spacing distance of annular plant ditch 3 is 2～6m; And spacing distance digs that to establish width be that 40～80cm, the degree of depth are the longitudinal drainage ditch 2 of 30～40cm from top to bottom, as shown in Figure 2;
Argillic horizon and compacting are laid in b, the coal gangue hill after arrangement, the bottom of trench that comprises annular plant ditch 3 and longitudinal drainage ditch 2 and both sides, and the thickness of argillic horizon is 20～30cm;
It is the dehydration activity mud of 1:4 and the mixture of spoil that c, the argillic horizon outside annular plant ditch 3 and longitudinal drainage ditch 2 are laid mass ratio, and the water content of the dehydration activity mud in the mixture is less than 85%, and the particle diameter of spoil is 3～10cm; And plant Sedum alfredii Hance at mixture, and line-spacing 30～60cm, spacing in the rows is 20～40cm;
D, filling thickness is the mixed-matrix of 25～30cm in annular plant ditch 3, mixed-matrix is mixed by hillock topsoil, slaking pig manure and vermiculite, its mass ratio is 4:1:2, and in mixed-matrix, alternately plant humid euphorbia, crape myrtle, little inferior waist cucurbit successively, finish the reparation of coal gangue hill ecology.
Claims (1)
1. a coal gangue hill ecological restoring method is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A, coal gangue hill (1) is organized into the inclination angle less than 30 ° gentle slope form, in the arrangement gentle slope from top to bottom near the mountain the body layering dig that to establish width be that 30～60cm, the degree of depth are the annular plant ditch (3) of 40～50cm, and spacing distance digs that to establish width be that 40～80cm, the degree of depth are the longitudinal drainage ditch (2) of 30～40cm from top to bottom;
B, the coal gangue hill after arrangement comprise bottom of trench and both sides laying argillic horizon and the compacting of annular plant ditch (3) and longitudinal drainage ditch (2);
It is the dehydration activity mud of 1:4 and the mixture of spoil that c, the argillic horizon outside annular plant ditch (3) and longitudinal drainage ditch (2) are laid mass ratio, and plants Sedum alfredii Hance at mixture;
D, filling thickness is the mixed-matrix of 25～30cm in annular plant ditch (3), and in mixed-matrix, alternately plant humid euphorbia successively, crape myrtle, little inferior waist cucurbit, finish the reparation of coal gangue hill ecology.
2. coal gangue hill ecological restoring method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the thickness of described argillic horizon is 20～30cm.
3. coal gangue hill ecological restoring method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the spacing distance of described annular plant ditch (3) is 2～6m.
4. coal gangue hill ecological restoring method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: mixed-matrix is mixed by hillock topsoil, slaking pig manure and vermiculite, and its mass ratio is 4:1:2.
5. coal gangue hill ecological restoring method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the water content of described dehydration activity mud is less than 85%.
6. coal gangue hill ecological restoring method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the particle diameter of the described spoil that mixes with dehydration activity mud is 3～10cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010580086 CN102251775B (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2010-12-09 | Ecological restoration method for coal gangue dump |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010580086 CN102251775B (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2010-12-09 | Ecological restoration method for coal gangue dump |
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| CN102251775A CN102251775A (en) | 2011-11-23 |
| CN102251775B true CN102251775B (en) | 2013-07-03 |
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| CN 201010580086 Expired - Fee Related CN102251775B (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2010-12-09 | Ecological restoration method for coal gangue dump |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102630442A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-08-15 | 宜春市林业科学研究所 | Method for artificially greening bare hills |
| CN103609303B (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2015-10-14 | 山西绿巨人环境科技有限公司 | A kind of hillock near-nature forest ecological system reconstruction method |
| CN104012366B (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2015-12-02 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | A kind of based on the production economy woods for the treatment of sludge and the ecology planting method of charcoal fertilizer |
| CN104541872A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-29 | 浙江伟达园林工程有限公司 | Mining area afforestation and reclamation method |
| CN104496693B (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2017-04-19 | 清华大学 | Mixed cultivation medium applicable to turfgrass and application of mixed cultivation medium |
| CN105145038A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-12-16 | 常州大学 | Method for repairing vegetation of coal mine storage yard |
| CN109328518A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-02-15 | 江苏绿岩生态技术股份有限公司 | A kind of ecological restoring method of Gangue Hill |
| CN109615552A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-04-12 | 安徽国祯环境修复股份有限公司 | A kind of method that heavy metal pollution of mine administers reparation and risk management and control |
| CN109601046B (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2022-07-01 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Slag Mountain Humic Acid Restoration and Greening Methods |
| CN109746255A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-05-14 | 东南大学 | A kind of method for activator combined with plant to remediate heavy metal polluted soil |
| CN110374118A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-25 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of preventing control method of the north opencast coal mine dump slope instability and soil erosion |
| CN110402635B (en) * | 2019-08-18 | 2022-03-25 | 贵州鸿璟稀有金属开发应用科技有限公司 | Efficient ecological restoration method for coal gangue dump |
| CN110699090B (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2021-08-20 | 刘建森 | Fly ash-based soil water-retaining conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN111512903A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-08-11 | 六盘水市环境工程评估中心 | Ecological restoration method for coal gangue dump |
| CN114197503A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-03-18 | 中煤科工生态环境科技有限公司 | Method for renovating and utilizing coal mine waste rock |
| CN115226431B (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2023-10-03 | 江苏绿岩生态技术股份有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for gangue vegetation |
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| WO1994028705A1 (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1994-12-22 | Biokat Corporation | Method of cultivation of coal and lignite infields formed by uncovering (open cast mining) |
| CN101011009A (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2007-08-08 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Greening method of self-ignition coal gangue hill |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63251522A (en) * | 1987-04-07 | 1988-10-19 | Nittoku Kensetsu Kk | Vegetating work for slope |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994028705A1 (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1994-12-22 | Biokat Corporation | Method of cultivation of coal and lignite infields formed by uncovering (open cast mining) |
| CN101011009A (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2007-08-08 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Greening method of self-ignition coal gangue hill |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 古交西山矿区煤矸石山生态修复模式研究与探讨;廖怡斐等;《山西煤炭》;20090930;第29卷(第3期);9-10 * |
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Effective date of registration: 20150901 Address after: 100031 Xicheng District City, the revitalization of the door in the street in the street, 26, 28, 7, floor, block 30, F6 Patentee after: ELION ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION CO.,LTD. Patentee after: CHINA University OF MINING AND TECHNOLOGY Address before: 221116 science and Technology Department, China University of Mining and Technology, Sanhuan South Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Patentee before: CHINA University OF MINING AND TECHNOLOGY |
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