CN102250749B - System for preparing ethanol - Google Patents
System for preparing ethanol Download PDFInfo
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- CN102250749B CN102250749B CN2010101830641A CN201010183064A CN102250749B CN 102250749 B CN102250749 B CN 102250749B CN 2010101830641 A CN2010101830641 A CN 2010101830641A CN 201010183064 A CN201010183064 A CN 201010183064A CN 102250749 B CN102250749 B CN 102250749B
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 203
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 158
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 126
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
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- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 44
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- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 21
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- RGCLLPNLLBQHPF-HJWRWDBZSA-N phosphamidon Chemical group CCN(CC)C(=O)C(\Cl)=C(/C)OP(=O)(OC)OC RGCLLPNLLBQHPF-HJWRWDBZSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/12—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing fuels or solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M33/00—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus
- C12M33/22—Settling tanks; Sedimentation by gravity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
- C12M45/02—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances by mechanical forces; Stirring; Trituration; Comminuting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Biotechnology (AREA)
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- Biochemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a system for preparing ethanol. The ethanol preparation system comprises a potato crushing unit, a slurry preparation device and a fermentation unit. The slurry preparation device utilizes crushed products provided by the potato crushing unit to prepare slurry, and the slurry is provided for the fermentation unit. The potato crushing unit comprises a crushing device and a sedimentation tank. The crushing device and the sedimentation tank are connected to the slurry preparation device for preparing slurry. The fermentation unit comprises a communicating device communicating with an interface of a flash tower. According to the fermentation unit provided by the invention, with the potato crushing unit, continuous sand removing and impurity removing can be carried out when the potatoes are crushed. With the fermentation unit, a pipeline obstruction problem is avoided, and enzymolysis efficiency and fermentation efficiency are substantially improved. Therefore, continuous production of ethanol can be ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of system for preparing ethanol.
Background technology
In the various occasions of industrial application, often need the preparation of slurry.For example, in the factory that produces ethanol, common technological process is: at first by e Foerderanlage, raw material (as bulk, sheet or granular cassava, Ipomoea batatas, potato etc.) is delivered to shredding unit, then raw material pulverizing that will be larger by this shredding unit is less or thinner raw material, then by pulping device, water and thinner raw material are mixed, thereby the formation slurry, then the slurry obtained is carried out to enzymolysis and fermentative processing, finally obtain ethanol.
At this in traditional technological process, inevitably always can be doped with foreign material in the raw material of carrying, such as the residue of the plastics such as the plastic cloth of more tiny sand, larger stone or fringe shape or woven bag.And raw material can not obtain up hill and dale clean before entering the processing treatment operation, particularly in the many especially situations of raw material.
The foreign material that adulterate in raw material mainly comprise two kinds, and the density of the density ratio raw material of the first foreign material itself is much bigger, for example, as the sandy soil of foreign material with respect to the cassava as raw material, as the stone of foreign material with respect to coal cinder as raw material etc.; The second foreign material belong to the material of comparison lightweight, for example, and with respect to woven bag or the plastics bag residue of cassava raw material.
For the first foreign material, if the volume of foreign material large (such as larger stone), easily by volume, larger foreign material directly take out; If but the small volume of foreign material or particle diameter less (as sandy soil), be difficult to this tiny eliminating impurities, and can exist in raw material after pulverizing, slurry doped with the raw material of tiny foreign material always, can have a strong impact on the carrying out of follow-up enzymolysis and zymotechnique, the quality that finally makes ethanol is had to disadvantageous effect.
For the second foreign material, if the raw material doped with the light weight sundries (as woven bag or plastics bag residue) of this softness enters pulverizing process subsequently, after after a while, with together easily generation accumulation in course of conveying subsequently of pulverized foreign material of raw material, thereby cause obstruction, the position that the staff has to check to occur block to be to carry out removal treatment, during this operation cost, effort and affect the normal operation of whole production line; In addition, this foreign material enter (as utilized during cassava prepares the technique of ethanol) subsequently as fermentation or enzymolysis operation, also can have a strong impact on the carrying out of normal chemical reaction, thereby cause the deterioration in quality obtained.
In addition, fermentation unit generally comprises enzymatic vessel and fermentor tank, the enzymolysis of material generally carries out in enzymatic vessel, then the enzymolysis product obtained is fermented in fermentor tank, for example, to treat that the enzymolysis material mixes and carries out enzymolysis with microbes producing cellulase and/or enzyme in enzymatic vessel, then delivers to enzymolysis product in fermentor tank and is fermented.The condition of described enzymolysis comprises hydrolysis temperature, time and pH value, and wherein, hydrolysis temperature is generally temperature and/or the great-hearted temperature of enzyme that makes the microbes producing cellulase growth, therefore, in enzymolysis process, usually need to be heated to reach hydrolysis temperature to enzymatic vessel.Modal enzymatic vessel bottom is provided with muff heater, first starts muff heater before enzymolysis enzymatic vessel is carried out to preheating, and after reaching hydrolysis temperature, will treat that enzymolysis material and microbes producing cellulase and/or enzyme join in enzymatic vessel carries out enzymolysis.When adopting existing enzymolysis device to carry out enzymolysis, treat that the enzymolysis material is easy to line clogging, affect equally the continuous production of ethanol.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of system for preparing ethanol that can remove the foreign material in raw material and can not make pipeline obstruction when enzymolysis.
The system for preparing ethanol of the present invention comprises potato class pulverizing unit and fermentation unit, described fermentation unit is used the slurry provided by potato class pulverizing unit to prepare ethanol, wherein, described potato class pulverizing unit comprises: feed device, this feed device is for supplying potato raw material, described potato raw material comprises small particle size raw material and large particle diameter raw material, in the small particle size raw material doped with tiny foreign material, in large particle diameter raw material doped with light weight sundries, sorting equipment, this sorting equipment will be for being classified as from the raw material of feed device small particle size raw material and large particle diameter raw material, the first e Foerderanlage and riffler, this first e Foerderanlage connects described sorting equipment and riffler, for the small particle size raw material is transported to described riffler, the second e Foerderanlage, knot screen and shredding unit, described the second e Foerderanlage connects described sorting equipment and shredding unit, for large particle diameter raw material is delivered to described shredding unit, described knot screen is arranged in the delivery conduit of described the second e Foerderanlage and carries out the removal of impurities processing with the described large particle diameter raw material for to carrying along this delivery conduit, the 3rd e Foerderanlage and pulping device, described the 3rd e Foerderanlage connects described shredding unit and pulping device, be delivered to described pulping device for the large particle diameter raw material by after pulverizing, described pulping device also is connected with described riffler, for receiving the slurries from the described small particle size raw material of being mixed with of riffler, wherein, described riffler comprises cell body, entrance and exit, the slurries that described small-particle mixture or itself and water form enter in the cell body of described riffler by the entrance of described riffler, described cell body comprises sidewall and bottom, described outlet is arranged on described sidewall, described bottom has at least one bossing and/or at least one sunk part, described fermentation unit comprises flashing tower, thermal source, enzymatic vessel, the material source, vacuum pump and fermentor tank, described flashing tower comprises first interface, the second interface, the 3rd interface and discharge port, described preparation facilities is connected to provide described slurry with the material source, the material source is communicated with flashing tower by first interface, enzymatic vessel is communicated with the discharge port of flashing tower, vacuum pump is communicated with the second interface of flashing tower, fermentor tank is communicated with enzymatic vessel, thermal source is communicated with the 3rd interface of flashing tower by communicating vessels, and the top of described communicating vessels is higher than the liquid level for the treatment of the enzymolysis material in flashing tower.
According to potato class pulverizing unit provided by the present invention, in the process of transferring raw material, at first use sorting equipment (as the vibrations sizing screen) that raw material is divided into to small particle size raw material and large particle diameter raw material, tiny foreign material can be entrained in the small particle size raw material, light weight sundries can be with together with large particle diameter raw material be entrained in, thereby above-mentioned two kinds of foreign material of different nature are separated.
Afterwards, to be delivered to riffler doped with the small particle size raw material of tiny foreign material by the first e Foerderanlage, thereby utilize the different densities of small particle size raw material and tiny foreign material, by the sedimentation principle, small particle size raw material and tiny foreign material are separated, and obtain the slurries that are mixed with the small particle size raw material, realize the removing of tiny foreign material.
Large particle diameter raw material for doped with light weight sundries, be transported to shredding unit by the second e Foerderanlage, but be provided with knot screen on the delivery conduit of the second e Foerderanlage.Thereby, when the large particle diameter raw material doped with light weight sundries is carried on the delivery conduit of the second e Foerderanlage, can light weight sundries be cleared out from large particle diameter raw material by this knot screen, thereby realize the removing of light weight sundries.
Then, the raw material that will pulverize via shredding unit is delivered to pulping device, and the slurries that simultaneously will be mixed with the small particle size raw material also are delivered to pulping device, thereby carries out the preparation of slurry by this pulping device.Obviously, by potato class pulverizing unit provided by the present invention, in the slurry made can be doped with various foreign material, avoided foreign material to enzymolysis subsequently and the disadvantageous effect of fermentation, overcome the defect that can not remove foreign material in traditional system.
In addition, the present inventor makes thermal source be communicated with the 3rd interface of flashing tower by communicating vessels dexterously, even due to vacuum pump unstable in the course of the work, while causing vacuum tightness in flashing tower can not meet the condition that sucks steam, due to the top higher than flashing tower, the top of described communicating vessels, make pressure be not enough to not to treat that enzymolysis material suck-back enters in the pipeline that flashing tower is connected with thermal source, therefore, avoid the problem of pipeline obstruction, and greatly improved enzymolysis efficiency and fermentation efficiency.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram according to the potato class pulverizing unit of one embodiment of the present invention;
The schematic diagram of the annexation of the endless belt conveyor that Fig. 2 is the system shown in Fig. 1 and transport pipe and shredding unit;
Fig. 3 to Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram according to the numerous embodiments of removal of impurities pawl of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the schematic perspective view according to the another kind of embodiment of removal of impurities pawl of the present invention;
The side-view that Fig. 8 is removal of impurities pawl shown in Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is the schematic perspective view according to another embodiment of removal of impurities pawl of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the schematic perspective view according to the part of transport pipe of the present invention;
The sectional view that Figure 11 is transport pipe in Figure 10;
Figure 12 is the sectional view according to a kind of embodiment of riffler of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the sectional view according to the another kind of embodiment of riffler of the present invention;
The schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment that Figure 14 is spray tube;
Figure 15 is the structural representation of the fermentation unit of the system for preparing ethanol of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, potato class pulverizing unit provided by the present invention comprises:
Feed device, this feed device is for supplying raw material, described raw material comprises small particle size raw material and large particle diameter raw material, in the small particle size raw material doped with tiny foreign material, in large particle diameter raw material doped with light weight sundries; Sorting equipment, this sorting equipment will be for being classified as from the raw material of feed device small particle size raw material and large particle diameter raw material;
The first e Foerderanlage and riffler, this first e Foerderanlage connects described sorting equipment and riffler, for the small particle size raw material is transported to described riffler;
The second e Foerderanlage, knot screen and shredding unit, described the second e Foerderanlage connects described sorting equipment and shredding unit, for large particle diameter raw material is delivered to described shredding unit, described knot screen is arranged in the delivery conduit of described the second e Foerderanlage and carries out the removal of impurities processing with the described large particle diameter raw material for to carrying along this delivery conduit;
The 3rd e Foerderanlage and pulping device, described the 3rd e Foerderanlage connects described shredding unit and pulping device, be delivered to described pulping device for the large particle diameter raw material by after pulverizing, described pulping device also is connected with described riffler, for receiving the slurries from the described small particle size raw material of being mixed with of riffler, wherein
Described riffler comprises cell body, and this cell body comprises entrance, outlet, sidewall and bottom, and described entrance and exit is arranged on described sidewall, and described bottom has at least one bossing and/or at least one sunk part.
Described feed device is for supplying raw material to sorting equipment.This feed device can have various ways, as belt pulley transfer roller etc.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, feed device comprises scraper conveyor 100 and minute batch bin 101.When supplying raw material, scraper conveyor 100 is delivered to raw material minute batch bin 101 from storage place, then by this minute batch bin 101, to sorting equipment 102, is supplied.
The first e Foerderanlage connects described sorting equipment 102 and riffler 106, for being transported to doped with the small particle size raw material of tiny foreign material described riffler 106.The first e Foerderanlage can have various ways, as rotary conveyor, scraper conveyor etc.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the first e Foerderanlage comprises worm conveyor 103, chapelet 104 and the first powder storehouse 105.The small particle size raw material that worm conveyor 103 receives from sorting equipment 102, and this small particle size raw material is risen in the first powder storehouse 105 of higher position to the raw material by this first powder storehouse 105 to riffler 106 supply small particle size by chapelet 104.
Small particle size raw material and water mix and enter in riffler 106, thereby by this riffler 106, small particle size raw material and the tiny foreign material that are entrained in the small particle size raw material are separated.Tiny foreign material are deposited on the bottom of riffler 106, and through the slurries of riffler 106, the small particle size raw material are taken away.By riffler 106, the tiny eliminating impurities be entrained in raw material can be gone out.Structure and operation logic about riffler 106 will be described in detail hereinafter.
With reference to figure 1, potato class pulverizing unit provided by the present invention also comprises the second e Foerderanlage, knot screen and shredding unit 111, described the second e Foerderanlage connects described sorting equipment 102 and shredding unit 111, for large particle diameter raw material is delivered to described shredding unit 111, described knot screen is arranged in the delivery conduit of described the second e Foerderanlage, with the described large particle diameter raw material for to carrying along this delivery conduit, carries out the removal of impurities processing.
The second e Foerderanlage can be for various existing devices that can transferring raw material, as worm conveyor etc.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the second e Foerderanlage comprises hopper 107, endless belt conveyor 108 (as rotary conveyor) and suction type transfer roller.The large particle diameter raw material that hopper 107 receives from sorting equipment 102, and be delivered to shredding unit 111 by endless belt conveyor 108 and suction type transfer roller.Owing on the delivery conduit at the second e Foerderanlage, being provided with knot screen, thereby utilize this knot screen that the large particle diameter raw material of carrying along the delivery conduit of the second e Foerderanlage and the light weight sundries be entrained in raw material are separated, realize the removing of light weight sundries.About the structure of this knot screen with arrange and will be described in detail hereinafter.
The suction type transfer roller comprises suction nozzle, and the conveying belt output raw material place of this suction nozzle and endless belt conveyor 108 is adjacent, thereby works as raw material and leave conveying belt and, in dropping process, can be subject to again the effect of the suction force of suction nozzle.Because the density of potato raw material is less, weight is lighter, thereby the raw material of particle diameter can be inhaled in suction nozzle greatly, thereby enters in the suction type transfer roller.But, if in large particle diameter raw material doped with relatively large foreign material, as stone, obviously because this kind of foreign material density is large and weight is larger, can not suck in suction nozzle, thereby by the suction type transfer roller, can prevent that larger foreign material from entering in pulverizing subsequently, pulping process.
Described the 3rd e Foerderanlage connects described shredding unit 111 and pulping device 117, be delivered to described pulping device 117 for the large particle diameter raw material by after pulverizing, described pulping device 117 also is connected with described riffler 106, for receiving the slurries from the described small particle size raw material of being mixed with of riffler 106.
Preferably, shredding unit 111 can be broken with pigment when pulverizing large particle diameter raw material, thereby obtain being suitable for being transported to the potato class powder slurries in pulping device 117.
The 3rd e Foerderanlage can be for various existing devices that can transferring raw material, as endless belt conveyor, worm conveyor etc.In the system shown in Fig. 1, the 3rd e Foerderanlage comprises discharging hopper 112, worm conveyor 113, the second powder storehouse 114 and worm conveyor 115,116, wherein in worm conveyor 116, add appropriate water, so that potato class powder slurries and water after pulverizing are mixed and fed in pulping device 117.
Simultaneously, pulping device 117 also is connected with riffler 106, that is to say, the slurries that are mixed with the small particle size raw material also flow in pulping device 117, thereby mixes with the potato class powder slurries after pulverizing.As mentioned above, in potato class pulverizing unit provided by the present invention, the tiny eliminating impurities that will be entrained in the small particle size raw material by riffler 106 is gone out, and the light weight sundries that will be entrained in large particle diameter raw material by the knot screen in the delivery conduit that is arranged on the second e Foerderanlage clears out.Thereby, can be again doped with various foreign material in the prepared slurry of potato class pulverizing unit provided by the present invention, thus overcome the defect existed in traditional system.
Above component devices and operational process thereof to potato class pulverizing unit provided by the present invention describes in detail, and below respectively to the integral part of potato class pulverizing unit of the present invention: structure and the setting thereof of riffler 106 and knot screen are described in detail.
As shown in Figures 2 to 4, described riffler 106 comprises cell body 71, entrance 72 and exports 73, the slurries of the small particle size raw material that described sorting equipment 102 is discharged or itself and water formation enter in described cell body 71 by the entrance 72 of described riffler 106, described cell body 71 comprises sidewall 74 and bottom 75, described outlet 73 is arranged on described sidewall 74, and described bottom 75 has at least one bossing 76 and/or at least one sunk part 77.
In riffler 106, be mixed with the slurries 80 of small particle size raw material in flow process, because the density of tiny foreign material (as the grains of sand) density with respect to raw material and water precipitates more greatly and at first, form the tiny foreign material layer of deposition on the bottom 75 of riffler 106, and the density of raw material is light and be suspended in water and with water flow.By making the slurries that carry feed particles make the small particle size raw material separate with the grains of sand from exporting 73 outflows, thereby realize the removing of tiny foreign material (as sand).The process that the tiny foreign material of below take separate small particle size raw material and tiny foreign material as grains of sand explanation.
In riffler 106, entrance 72 can be arranged on the position that can make arbitrarily slurries 80 flow into cell body 71, described entrance 72 can be the opening (as shown in Figure 3) be positioned on cell body 71 sidewalls, can be also the pipeline that is placed on cell body 71 sidewalls or gos deep into cell body inside.In order the grains of sand layer 82 deposited not to be caused to interference, further improve the desilting effect, preferred described entrance 72 is arranged on middle and upper part or the top of cell body 71, further the top of preferred described entrance 72 and the distance between bottom 75 (" and the distance between bottom 75 " described in the present invention all refer to and bottom 75 bottom between vertical range) be the 80-100% of the vertical height of cell body 71 these sidewalls (being provided with the sidewall of entrance 72).Further preferably, for the ease of flowing of slurries 80, also in order effectively to improve the desilting effect of the groove that removes sand, described entrance 72 is separately positioned on two relative sidewalls 74 with outlet 73, particularly when the cross section (cross section as shown in Figures 2 and 3) of described riffler be rectangle or when trapezoidal, further preferred described entrance 72 is separately positioned on two distant relative sidewalls 74 with outlet 73, like this, as identical as the size of riffler in other condition, can obtain longer desilting disengaging time in the identical situation of slurries 80 flow velocitys, thereby effectively improve the effect of removing sand.The size of described entrance 72 and outlet 73 can be determined according to actual needs.
Described outlet 73 can be arranged on and can make arbitrarily slurries 80 flow out the position of cell body 71, and preferably as mentioned above, described outlet 73 is arranged on the sidewall relative with entrance 72 place sidewalls.For the grains of sand layer 82 that effectively makes deposition is stayed in cell body 71, further improve deposition effect, preferred described outlet 73 is arranged on middle and upper part or the top of cell body 71, further preferred described outlet 73 bottom and the 50-95% that is the vertical height of cell body 71 these sidewalls (being provided with the sidewall of outlet 73) of the distance between bottom 75.Further under preferable case, the distance between the top of described outlet 73 and bottom 75 be less than described entrance 72 bottom and the distance between bottom 75, export like this form that 73 formation are similar to overflow weir.
Preferably, export 73 and can comprise baffle plate, and regulate position and the size of outlet 73 by baffle plate.Particularly, by hide the bottom of outlet 73 with baffle plate, can regulate outlet 73 bottom and the distance between bottom 75, the size that can also regulate outlet 73.Obviously, also can on the sidewall 74 at outlet 73 places, form and extend through the opening of the bottom of sidewall 74 from the top of sidewall 74 downwards, use the part that a plurality of baffle plates cover this opening can form outlet 73, by regulating the position of a plurality of baffle plates, can free adjustment export 73 position and size.
Distance between outlet 73 and bottom 75 can be regulated, and on the one hand, the grains of sand are more, when the sidewall at outlet 73 places is piled up, the position of heightening outlet 73 can prevent that the grains of sand from overflowing; On the other hand, when precipitation also occurs greatly because of autologous density in the cassava particle, flow velocity difference according to slurries 80, the small particle size raw material with water flow to the outlet 73 places sidewall the time, the height difference of small particle size raw material in cell body 71, water and the small particle size raw material that due to riffler 106, can only allow to export more than the height at 73 places flow out, by reduce to export 73 and bottom 75 between distance, can allow small particle size raw material as much as possible to flow out with water.
In the present invention, for the movement of streamwise occurs under grains of sand layer 82 impact of mobile current above it that prevents deposition, thereby accumulate on the sidewall at outlet 73 places, perhaps when overheap, from exporting 73, overflow, the bottom 75 of the cell body 71 of riffler 106 has at least one bossing 76 and/or at least one sunk part 77.Preferably, bottom 75 has a plurality of bossings 76 and/or a plurality of sunk part 77, and the plurality of bossing 76 and/or a plurality of sunk part 77 are arranged along the direction from entrance 72 to outlet 73, along the flow direction of slurries 80, arranges.
The grains of sand layer 82 of deposition is deposited on the bottom of cell body 71; when the grains of sand layer 82 of deposition is subject to the impact of current of its top and streamwise while moving, the grains of sand can move in sunk part 77 or stopped by bossing 76 and can not continue streamwise and move.Even the grains of sand are deposited on the top of bossing 76 at the beginning, this part grains of sand also can move with the current of its top, then is deposited on sunk part 77 bottom.Therefore, the grains of sand layer 82 of deposition can not move to the sidewall at outlet 73 places basically, thereby prevents that the grains of sand are stacked into outlet 73 and overflow from exporting 73.
In order further to prevent that the grains of sand layer 82 deposited is subject to the flow effect of the current of top, on the cross section shown in Fig. 2, be longitudinal cross-section (be parallel to from entrance 72 to outlet 73 direction and perpendicular to the cross section of horizontal plane), bossing 76 and sunk part 77 form trapezoidal.Certainly, bossing 76 and sunk part 77 can also form the shape that grains of sand layer 82 streamwise that can contribute to arbitrarily barrier deposition move, such as waviness, trilateral etc.Preferably, bossing 76 and sunk part 77 form the inclined-plane had horizontal by 30-60 °, thereby are conducive to stop that grains of sand streamwise moves.
Certainly, the bottom 75 of riffler 106 also can have a sunk part 77 (as shown in Figure 3), or has a bossing 76.When bottom 75 has a bossing 76 or a sunk part 77, can suitably increase the size of bossing 76 and sunk part 77.The amount of the grains of sand that can hold in sunk part 77 as shown in Figure 3, is equivalent to the summation of the amount of the grains of sand that in Fig. 2, each sunk part 77 can hold.
In order can effectively to hold the grains of sand and to prevent that the grains of sand from moving freely, preferably, bossing 76 and/or sunk part 77 streamwises are arranged on the postmedian of bottom 75.When described bottom 75 has a plurality of bossings 76 and/or sunk part 77, and the plurality of bossing 76 and/or sunk part 77 streamwise spread configurations in bottom 75 postmedian.Wherein, the area percentage of the shared bottom 75 of bossing 76 and sunk part 77 is 40-60%.Distance between the top of described bossing 76 and bottom 75 be not more than outlet 73 bottom and the distance between bottom 75, further preferably the height relief of bottom 75 (the top of bottom 75 and bottom between vertical range) with the ratio of the height of the sidewall at outlet 73 places be 1: 5-1: 3.Described bossing 76 can be integrally formed with cell body bottom 75, also can be for being fixed on the baffle plate of bottom 75.Described sunk part 77 can be integrally formed with cell body bottom 75, can be also the groove between a plurality of bossings 76.
When small particle size raw material (as the cassava particle) swims on the water surface fully, this small particle size raw material basically can export 73 by outflow and be collected, but also can be subject to the obstruction of the grains of sand and be deposited to the grains of sand in the grains of sand layer 82 of deposition by some small particle size raw material.In addition, because the density of small particle size raw material is larger, the small particle size raw material also can sink in water.In this case, if flow velocity is inadequate, water flow is during to the sidewall at outlet 73 places, and some feed particles may also be deposited to below, outlet 73 position, can not be from exporting 73 outflows, and and then deposit to the top layer of the grains of sand layer 82 of deposition, thereby cause waste.
For addressing this problem, preferably, riffler 106 comprises can jet-stream wind and/or the jet apparatus of current.This jet apparatus be arranged on deposition grains of sand layer 82 top and can be towards top layer jet-stream wind and/or the current of grains of sand layer 82 of deposition, thereby drive the small particle size raw material Eddy diffusion on top layer of grains of sand layer 82 of deposition in water, and flow out outlet 73 with the water of grains of sand layer 82 top of deposition.In this process; jet apparatus can spray air-flow and/or the current of suitable intensity; make the small particle size raw material in the top layer of grains of sand layer 82 of deposition float to the position away from the grains of sand layer 82 of deposition; although some grains of sand in this grains of sand layer 82 that may make to deposit are also floating; but the grains of sand can sink rapidly because density is large, therefore basically can not taken away by current.
Particularly, as shown in Figure 2, jet apparatus comprises at least one spray tube 78.Each spray tube 78 comprises separately body and is positioned at a plurality of hole P on body, and air-flow and/or current spray by hole P.Obviously, can use various pumps or suction unit to make hole P jet-stream wind and/or current.
Each spray tube 78 can be set to across two of riffler 106 relative sidewalls, for example, can laterally be arrangeding in parallel along riffler 106, perhaps a kind of embodiment as shown in Figure 2 is like that along the parallel longitudinal setting of riffler 106, also can be along with horizontal and vertical, be predetermined angle and be arranged in parallel.Certainly, spray tube 78 also can be arranged in a crossed manner.On each spray tube 78, a plurality of hole P can be set, according to the layout of spray tube 78, preferably have 10 holes on the body of every meter, the diameter in hole can be 3-6mm.
Due to the continuity of desanding operation, the thickness of the grains of sand layer 82 of sand trap 70 interior depositions may be different, for making spray tube 78, are arranged on all the time the top of the grains of sand layer 82 of deposition, and preferably, the distance between the body of spray tube 78 and bottom 75 can be regulated.For example, can spray tube 78 across two sidewalls at least one on slideway is set, at least one end of spray tube 78 can be arranged in this slideway and along this slideway and slide, thereby can regulate the distance between spray tube 78 and bottom 75 along the vertical height direction of described two sidewalls.
Preferably, hole P is set to alignment recess part 77 and/or bossing 76 and entrance 72 and/or exports the groove formed between the sidewall at 73 places.Namely, when bottom 75 has sunk part 77 (comprise and depression that bottom 75 is integrally formed and two bossings 76 between the groove that forms), hole P alignment recess part 77; When 75 of bottoms have a bossing 76, hole P alignment bumps part 76 and entrance 72 and/or export the groove between 73.
The hole P of spray tube 78 preferably is set to spray towards the top layer of the grains of sand layer 82 of deposition, and therefore, hole P preferably is set to 75 injections towards bottom.More preferably, hole P is set to along with flow direction or the horizontal plane of slurries 80, being the angle A Jet with downward flow direction, be that the axis of hole P is horizontal by the angle A Jet with downward flow direction, angle A is preferably 30-60 °, thereby the grains of sand layer 82 of deposition in a big way in driving small particle size raw material, avoid making the grains of sand also floating simultaneously.As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4, spray tube 78 arranges along horizontal (in Fig. 4, filled arrows is depicted as flow direction, and flow direction is vertical) of riffler 106, and hole P is set to favour downward 45 ° of horizontal direction (shown in Fig. 4 hollow core arrow) and sprays.
Spray tube 78 is arranged on to outlet is conducive to the injected air-flow of small particle size raw material near 73 and/or current blow and taken away by current rapidly, but be arranged near the air-flow of spray tube 78 injections outlet 73 or the speed of current and will be controlled at proper range, avoid the grains of sand are also blown and take away, for example 1m/s.In addition, can also spray tube 78 be set in the position away from outlet 73, in this case, spray tube 78 for example can provide, than the air-flow of hard intensity and/or current, 3m/s.
In embodiments of the present invention, in order to realize the continuous operation of removing sand, can adopt the whole bag of tricks to make slurries 80 or water flow, for example can use pump or other suction unit or utilize the potential energy of slurries 80 that slurries 80 are flowed into from entrance 72, and then make water carry the small particle size raw material from exporting 73 outflows.Preferably, can control by pump the velocity of flow of slurries 80.Especially the relatively large small particle size raw material to density, can further prevent that by accelerating flow velocity the small particle size raw material from precipitating.
Due to the relative open to the outside world in the top of riffler 106, therefore be convenient to monitoring, obtain the height of best flow velocity and outlet 73 with adjusting.
Obviously, described riffler 106 also can be realized the enclosed operation of removing sand.But hands-off operation only limits to isolate the small particle size raw material that can swim in fully in water.In closed when operation of removing sand, can make slurries 80 in interior standing predetermined time of riffler 106 so that the grains of sand are deposited to bottom 75 fully, then the small particle size raw material that makes to swim in water is derived riffler 106 with current, similarly, in closed when operation of removing sand, also can in riffler 106, jet apparatus be set, thereby avoid the small particle size raw material to be subject to the obstruction of the grains of sand and deposit in the grains of sand layer 82 of deposition, cause waste.
Below with reference to Fig. 5 to Figure 14, the setting of knot screen is described in detail.
Be provided with knot screen in the delivery conduit of described the second e Foerderanlage, this knot screen be arranged in large particle diameter raw material described delivery conduit must through position.
Here so-called delivery conduit refers to, doped with the large particle diameter raw material of light weight sundries in course of conveying circuit or the path of process.For example, the second e Foerderanlage can comprise endless belt conveyor 108 (as rotary conveyor), doped with the path of large particle diameter raw material process on the conveying belt of endless belt conveyor 108 of light weight sundries, is the delivery conduit through this endless belt conveyor 108 doped with the large particle diameter raw material of light weight sundries.In this case, described knot screen can comprise removal of impurities pawl 109, and the conveying belt that this removal of impurities pawl 109 is positioned at described endless belt conveyor 108 is exported the below at large particle diameter raw material place.The conveying belt that removal of impurities pawl 109 can be arranged on endless belt conveyor 108 is exported on the frame of below at large particle diameter raw material place (as shown in Figure 5), also can be arranged on the appropriate location of endless belt conveyor 108, as long as can play the removal of impurities effect to the large particle diameter raw material doped with light weight sundries on above-mentioned delivery conduit.
When the large particle diameter raw material of the tape transport of endless belt conveyor 108 leaves conveying belt, large particle diameter raw material, under action of gravity, can move down downwards or tiltedly.Due at conveying belt, export large particle diameter raw material place below be provided with the removal of impurities pawl 109 as the removal of impurities effect, thereby, large particle diameter raw material will inevitably pass through removal of impurities pawl 109, and be subject to the removal of impurities effect of this removal of impurities pawl 109, thereby the light weight sundries adulterated in large particle diameter raw material is retained on removal of impurities pawl 109, realizes removing the purpose of foreign material.Although the endless belt conveyor 108 shown in Fig. 1 is the horizontal direction setting, the set-up mode of endless belt conveyor 108 is not limited to this, endless belt conveyor 108 also tiltable settings.
For another example, as shown in Figure 5, described e Foerderanlage comprises endless belt conveyor 108 and transport pipe 110, this transport pipe 110 connects described endless belt conveyor 108 and shredding unit 111, described knot screen comprises removal of impurities pawl 109, and described removal of impurities pawl 109 is arranged in the below that conveying belt that described transport pipe 110 and/or this removal of impurities pawl 109 be positioned at described endless belt conveyor 108 is exported large particle diameter raw material place.This transport pipe 110 matches with described endless belt conveyor 108, to receive the large particle diameter raw material from described endless belt conveyor 108.
In this case, large particle diameter raw material, after the conveying of endless belt conveyor 108, is transported in shredding unit 111 via transport pipe 110, to be pulverized.Described knot screen comprises removal of impurities pawl 109, this removal of impurities pawl 109 can be for one or more, the conveying belt that one or more removal of impurities pawls 109 can be positioned at endless belt conveyor 108 is exported the below at large particle diameter raw material place, perhaps be arranged in transport pipe 110, perhaps in these two positions, (being during the conveying belt of endless belt conveyor 108 is exported the below and transport pipe 110 at large particle diameter raw material place) all has setting, to obtain better impurity-eliminating effect.
Known by above description, when the large particle diameter raw material doped with light weight sundries passes through the removal of impurities pawl 109 of knot screen, to be entrained in described light weight sundries by this knot screen remains, thereby realize separating of large particle diameter raw material and light weight sundries, realize removing the purpose of foreign material, thereby make the large particle diameter raw material that enters shredding unit 111 no longer doped with various foreign material, overcome the defect existed in the prior art.
Large particle diameter raw material, after the second e Foerderanlage is transported to shredding unit 111, carries out pulverization process by 111 pairs of large particle diameter raw materials of shredding unit.Shredding unit 111 can be for various shredding units commonly used, as roller crusher, hammer mill, jaw crusher etc.Large particle diameter raw material described here can be multiple material, as bulk, sheet or granular cassava, Ipomoea batatas, potato etc.
Below with reference to Fig. 6 to Figure 12, removal of impurities pawl 109 of the present invention is described.
As shown in Fig. 6 to Figure 12, removal of impurities pawl 109 comprises shaft-like base part 1 and is connected a plurality of toothed elements 2 with this base part 1, and the plurality of toothed elements 2 is arranged along the radial direction of base part 1.When the large particle diameter raw material of the light weight sundries doped with soft (as woven bag or plastics bag residue) passes through this removal of impurities pawl 109, large particle diameter raw material fully contacts with the toothed elements 2 of removal of impurities pawl 109, thereby utilize toothed elements 2 that foreign material are remained, allow large particle diameter raw material through this device simultaneously.By this process, the foreign material in large particle diameter raw material can be cleared out from large particle diameter raw material, thereby realize purpose of the present invention.
For the ease of this base part 1 toothed elements 2 is set in the radial direction, this base part 1 is shaft-like, its cross-sectional shape can be rectangle, square or circular etc.But base part 1 also can be for the shape of any appropriate, as tabular.
As shown in Figures 6 to 9, a plurality of toothed elements 2 are positioned at same plane.According to this embodiment, toothed elements 2 all is arranged in same plane.Thereby, this knot screen and the plane domain that the interactional zone of particle diameter raw material is described toothed elements 2 places greatly.
According to this embodiment, when the large particle diameter raw material doped with light weight sundries is regional through the combing of toothed elements 2, can be through the gap between toothed elements 2, this toothed elements 2 plays combing effect simultaneously, the light weight sundries adulterated in large particle diameter raw material is retained, this eliminating impurities is gone out.
For this kind of embodiment, owing to being plane with the large interactional combing of particle diameter raw material zone in this device, thereby less to the resistance of the large particle diameter raw material in this zone of flowing through, be convenient to the combing zone that large particle diameter raw material passes through described toothed elements 2 at a relatively high speed, can remove processing to the foreign material in large particle diameter raw material simultaneously.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 6 to 8, described a plurality of toothed elements 2 radial direction from base part 1 along this base part 1 are in parallel with each other extended.Because toothed elements 2 is parallel to each other, thereby the space between adjacent toothed elements 2 is relatively large, is convenient to large particle diameter raw material and flows through with relatively high speed.
According to different embodiments, toothed elements 2 can be arranged on base part 1 with different forms.As shown in Figure 6, in this embodiment, be provided with the same side that a plurality of parallel toothed elements 2 and the plurality of toothed elements 2 are positioned at base part 1 on base part 1, form the shape of similar comb.
In another preferred implementation according to shown in Fig. 7, at two opposite sides of base part 1, be distributed with respectively symmetrically a plurality of parallel toothed elements 2.Thereby, with the embodiment shown in Fig. 6, to compare, the zone of action of the toothed elements 2 in the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 is larger, thereby has the ability of stronger removing foreign material.
According to another preferred implementation of the present invention, as shown in Figure 8, the adjustment of the installation site by the toothed elements 2 in the embodiment to shown in Fig. 3, thus the density degree of toothed elements 2 is adjusted, to adapt to the requirement of the different zones of action.
According to another preferred implementation of the present invention, as shown in Figure 9, at least a portion in described a plurality of toothed elements 2 is intersected mutually.In this embodiment, owing to not all being parallel to each other in a plurality of toothed elements 2, but some toothed elements 2 intersect mutually, thereby can on the direction of the radial direction that favours base part 1, play combing effect, as much as possible the foreign material in large particle diameter raw material are remained.For the embodiment shown in Fig. 9, in this embodiment, the zone of action of toothed elements 2 is greater than the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, thereby has the ability of larger removing foreign material.
According to of the present invention preferred embodiment a kind of, as shown in Figure 10 and Figure 12, toothed elements 2 is divided into many groups along the axial direction due of base part 1, and these multiple sets of teeth shape part 2 equal angles of the circumferential direction along described base part 1 ground are spaced apart.
Different from the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 to Fig. 9, in the embodiment shown in Figure 10 and Figure 12, a plurality of toothed elements are not to be positioned at same plane, but form around the three-dimensional arrangement of similar " mace " of base part 1, thereby the combing zone that can play combing effect is for three-dimensional.In other words, toothed elements is extended arrangement in the surrounding space of this base part 1 around base part 1.
When the large particle diameter raw material doped with light weight sundries passes through a plurality of toothed elements 2 of this solid, a plurality of toothed elements 2 can be carried out scavenging(action) repeatedly to large particle diameter raw material, and this is to be positioned at conplane toothed elements 2 in the knot screen shown in Fig. 6 to Fig. 9 obviously different.Thereby the device of the embodiment shown in Figure 10 and Figure 12 has the ability of stronger removing foreign material.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 10 and Figure 12, the grouping of a plurality of toothed elements 2 is divided according to the longitudinal direction (being axial direction due) of base part 1, can be divided into many groups (although Fig. 7 is expressed as 3 groups, are not limited to this, can be 2 groups, 3 groups, 5 groups, 6 groups etc.).And these multiple sets of teeth shape part 2 circumferential directions along described base part 1 are spaced apart with equal angles ground, thereby make a plurality of toothed elements 2 be evenly distributed in the surrounding space of base part 1, form three-dimensional combing zone.
According to a kind of preferred implementation, as shown in figure 10, a plurality of toothed elements 2 in described multiple sets of teeth shape part 2 in any a group are positioned at same plane.In the situation shown in Figure 10, a plurality of toothed elements 2 are divided into respectively three groups along the axial direction due of base part 1, first group 21, second groups 22 and the 3rd groups 23.These three groups of toothed elements are spaced apart with equal angles ground along the circumferential direction of described base part 1, that is to say, often the angle α between two groups of adjacent toothed elements is 120 °, as shown in figure 11.And three toothed elements of first group 21 are parallel each other, are positioned at same plane.Second group 22 and the 3rd group 23 is also like this.
According to another preferred implementation of the present invention, as shown in figure 12, a plurality of toothed elements 2 in multiple sets of teeth shape part 2 in any a group are arranged twist along the axial direction due of base part 1.That is to say, the difference of the embodiment shown in this embodiment and Figure 10 and Figure 11 is, for one group of toothed elements, a plurality of toothed elements in this group toothed elements, not in same plane, but are arranged around the axial direction due of base part 1 twist.
Specifically, in the situation shown in Figure 12, base part 1 is preferably right cylinder, and three toothed elements in first group 21, second groups 22 and the 3rd groups 23 of toothed elements are arranged on base part 1 according to three different spiral-linees respectively.Preferably, for the ease of this three groups of toothed elements 2 are set, the radius of spin of these three spiral-linees is the radius of base part 1, the cylinder axis that axis is base part 1, and helical pitch is also identical, and rotation direction is also identical, and different is starting point separately.And each angle α organized between toothed elements 21,22,23 is equal, 120 °.But embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this, the spiral-line of multiple sets of teeth shape part 2 also can have the similar and different radius of spin, cylinder axis or helical pitch.
Although the toothed elements in Figure 10 and Figure 12 means to have three group 21,22 and 23, but the present invention is not limited to this, according to different embodiments, also 2 groups, 4 groups, 5 groups or 6 groups of toothed elements can be set along the axial direction due of base part 1, the angle α between the two adjacent groups toothed elements is 180 °, 90 °, 72 ° or 60 °.
Preferably, the end of described toothed elements 2 has hook-shape structure.When the foreign material of light soft are subject to used time of doing of toothed elements 2, utilize this hook-shape structure more reliably and fully foreign material to be remained on toothed elements 2.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, described knot screen also comprises at least one screen cloth, it is vertical with the longitudinal direction of this transport pipe 110 that described screen cloth is positioned at the plane at described transport pipe 110 and described screen cloth place.Thereby, when large particle diameter raw material is carried in transport pipe 110, can the eliminating impurities adulterated in large particle diameter raw material be fallen by described screen cloth.
Screen cloth also can arrange one, preferably be provided with a plurality of, thereby give full play to the effect of the removing foreign material of this screen cloth.Screen cloth can be arranged in transport pipe 110 in every way, such as screen cloth, can be fixedly installed (as modes such as welding, be clasped) internal surface at the sidewall of transport pipe 110.
But, in order to clear up in time the foreign material that are retained on screen cloth, to keep the patency of transport pipe 110, preferably, as shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14, be provided with at least one fluting 44 on the sidewall of transport pipe 110, at least one screen cloth inserts respectively in described at least one fluting 44.
Screen cloth inserts in fluting 44 and enters in transport pipe 110, thereby the foreign material of the transport pipe 110 of flowing through are carried out to combing, with by eliminating impurities.Preferably, the longitudinal direction of the plane at screen cloth place and transport pipe 110 is perpendicular, thereby can fully carry out combing to the large particle diameter raw material of process.
At fluting, the support in 44 can have various ways to screen cloth, for example can 45 (as shown in figure 14) of projection be set transport pipe 110 is interior, or directly utilize transport pipe 110 to support at the wall at fluting 44 places.
In use, screen cloth is inserted to (being about to screen cloth inserts in fluting 44) in transport pipe 110.In the time need to clearing up the foreign material on screen cloth, can the foreign material on screen cloth be cleaned out by screen cloth from 40 extractions of slotting, and then screen cloth is inserted in fluting 44, in order to using next time.
Known by above description, in potato class pulverizing unit provided by the present invention, owing to being provided with above-mentioned riffler 106, thereby the tiny foreign material (as sand) that adulterate in raw material can be removed; Owing in the delivery conduit at the second e Foerderanlage, being provided with knot screen, thereby light weight sundries (as sheet, cotton-shaped woven bag residue etc.) can be removed, thereby enter in raw material in pulping device 117 and slurries no longer doped with various foreign material, thereby avoided being difficult in the legacy system remove the defect of foreign material.
Particularly, can make the outlet of shredding unit 111 and riffler 106 be connected to provide crushed products (being mixed with the slurries of small particle size raw material and the large particle diameter raw material after pulverizing) with described pulping device 117.Described pulping device 117 offers described fermentation unit to carry out the follow-up operation for preparing ethanol by the slurry made.Described pulping device 117 can be used the various mix and blend equipment that well known to a person skilled in the art, the blending ratio of potato class particle and water is also well known in the art.
Described potato raw material can be various potato raw materials, and as Ipomoea batatas, potato, cassava etc., the potato raw material adopted in the specific embodiment of the invention scheme is cassava.Owing in potato raw material, may containing earth, sandstone impurity and iron contamination, can cause damage to peeling equipment, therefore, according to method of the present invention, before can also comprising peeling, potato raw material is carried out to pretreated routine operation, described pretreated step generally comprises the step of removing impurity and cleaning.As, after fresh cassava is gathered, remove earth, root, palpus and the impurity such as wooden part and sandstone on cassava.And cassava is cleaned, the method and apparatus of described cleaning is conventionally known to one of skill in the art.If the employing fresh cassava, fresh cassava (the large particle diameter raw material after the knot screen removal of impurities is processed) being mixed with water before pulverizing, also can not mix with water and directly pulverizing; If adopt dry cassava, usually need to before pulverizing, dry cassava (the large particle diameter raw material after the knot screen removal of impurities is processed) mixed with water, the consumption of described water will can access farinaceous size after dry Cassava crushing as long as guarantee, generally, the weight ratio of described cassava and water can be 1: 0.2-5 is preferably 1: 0.5-2.Described potato raw material can be also the mixture of fresh cassava and dry cassava.The weight of described dry cassava and fresh cassava is not particularly limited, and generally, the weight ratio of described dry cassava and fresh cassava can be 1: 1.5-2.5 is preferably 1: 1.5-2.
In described fermentation unit, described enzymatic vessel 230 is communicated with the discharge port 214 of flashing tower 210, vacuum pump 250 is communicated with the second interface 212 of flashing tower 210, and fermentor tank 260 is communicated with enzymatic vessel 230, and thermal source 220 is communicated with the 3rd interface 213 of flashing tower 210 by communicating vessels 270.The temperature of the thermal medium in thermal source 220 can reach 130 ℃ of left and right.To treat that enzymolysis material (slurries that make by described pulping device) is before material source 240 is delivered to flashing tower 210, simultaneously or start afterwards vacuum pump 250, flashing tower 210 is vacuumized, when reaching certain vacuum spending in flashing tower 210, thermal medium can be sucked in flashing tower 210 from thermal source 220, treat that the enzymolysis material is transported in flashing tower 210 by first interface 211 from material source 240, make to treat that the enzymolysis material contacts in flashing tower 210 with thermal medium and carries out heat exchange, play the effect for the treatment of that the enzymolysis material is heated that makes, when when the enzymolysis material reaches hydrolysis temperature, material is directly passed in enzymatic vessel 230 carries out enzymolysis, enzymolysis directly passes into enzymolysis product in fermentor tank 260 and is fermented after finishing.
Due to unstable in the course of the work of vacuum pump or in the situation that ground lack of standardization operated vacuum pumps, when the vacuum tightness in flashing tower 210 can not reach the condition that sucks thermal medium, treating that the enzymolysis material has by suck-back and enter the trend in communicating vessels 270 in flashing tower 210, if the top of communicating vessels 270 lower than or with the liquid level for the treatment of the enzymolysis material in flashing tower 210, flush, the enzymolysis material for the treatment of in flashing tower 210 can be entered in communicating vessels 270 by suck-back, thereby causes line clogging.And the enzymolysis device provided according to described fermentation unit, due to the top of communicating vessels 270 higher than treating the liquid level of enzymolysis material in flashing tower 210, and the pressure in flashing tower 210 is less than the pressure in thermal source 220, make insufficient pressure in flashing tower 210 enter in the pipeline that flashing tower 210 is communicated with thermal source 220 will treat enzymolysis material suck-back, and due to the action of gravity of material self, the enzymolysis material for the treatment of entered in communicating vessels 270 by suck-back is also failed to arrive the top of communicating vessels and will again be back in flashing tower 210, thereby avoided material to be entered pipeline by suck-back, generation makes the problem of pipeline obstruction.Under preferable case, for the ease of using, the top of described communicating vessels 270 is higher than the top of flashing tower 210, and the difference of altitude between the top of the top of described communicating vessels 270 and flashing tower 210 can be 1-2.5 rice, more preferably 1.5-2 rice.Because bending pipe communicating vessels is not easy to produce dead angle, and can make the more smooth and easy of Flow of Goods and Materials, under preferable case, described communicating vessels 270 is the bending pipe, and for example, the shape of described bending pipe can be inverted U-shaped pipe or serpentine tube.Consider production cost, according to a kind of specific embodiments, described communicating vessels 270 is inverted U-shaped pipe more preferably, and the difference of altitude on the top of the top of described inverted U-shaped pipe and flashing tower 210 can be 1-2.5 rice, is preferably 1.5-2 rice.
The material of described communicating vessels 270 can have some strength and heat-resisting material is made by various, for example, and the materials such as iron, stainless steel.
Treat the effect of heating of enzymolysis material in order more to be conducive to hot steam, preferably make the thermal medium in thermal source 220 and treat enzymolysis material counter current contact in flashing tower 210, that is, make to pass into the position of the position of the first interface 211 for the treatment of the enzymolysis material lower than the 3rd interface 213 thermal source 220 is communicated with flashing tower 210 by communicating vessels 270.
Treat the temperature of enzymolysis material with the amount for the treatment of the hot steam that the enzymolysis material contact with control and to be convenient to intake that control treats the enzymolysis material to treat the liquid level of enzymolysis material in the control flashing tower for the ease of controlling, between the 3rd interface 213 of communicating vessels 270 and flashing tower 210, between communicating vessels 270 and thermal source 220 and any place or a few place between material source 240 and first interface 211 also be provided with valve.
For the ease of the intake of controlled enzymatic hydrolysis product, between fermentor tank 260 and enzymatic vessel 230, can also be provided with valve.
Described flashing tower 210 can be the various flashing towers of this area routine, for example, can be various packing towers commonly used or sieve-tray tower.The stage number of described flashing tower 210 or theoretical plate number depend on wishes the heat exchange degree reached.Usually, in the situation that other condition is identical, stage number or theoretical plate number are higher, and the degree of heat exchange is higher, that is to say that the heat of thermal medium more can fully pass to and treat the enzymolysis material.The present inventor studies discovery, for the farinaceous size that to treat the enzymolysis material be 30-40 ℃, during water vapour that thermal medium is 100-170 ℃, the stage number of flashing tower 210 or theoretical plate number are preferably the 2-6 piece, under this condition, can make the temperature for the treatment of the enzymolysis material of discharging from flashing tower 210 at 50-90 ℃, meet the enzymolysis requirement.
Described packing tower is filled with one or more in Raschig ring, Pall ring, cascade ring, saddle type ring, arc saddle type, square saddle type, Dixon ring, Cannon ring, Lamb wave line and net corrugated regular filler.The sieve plate of described sieve-tray tower preferably also has overflow weir, and like this, thermal medium upwards flows through the sieve aperture sieve plate from the bottom of sieve-tray tower, while stopping to the height over overflow weir on sieve plate until the enzymolysis material, flows downward, and enters next sieve plate.In order further to improve heat exchanger effectiveness, the position of first interface 211 is arranged on the 0th or the 1st column plate place of packing tower or sieve-tray tower, the position at the bottom of the position of the 3rd interface 213 is arranged on last piece column plate place of packing tower or sieve-tray tower or more leans on tower.
In addition, can also be provided with the temperature test unit on flashing tower 210, treat the temperature of enzymolysis material in flashing tower 210 to monitor at any time, in flashing tower 210, when the temperature of enzymolysis material reaches enzymatic hydrolysis condition, just it can be delivered in enzymatic vessel 230 and carry out enzymolysis.In addition, on flashing tower 210, can also be provided with the liquid level test cell, to monitor, dredge the liquid level of delivering to the solution material for the treatment of enzyme in flashing tower 210.
The gauge pressure of described flashing tower 210 can be-0.3 to-0.01 MPa, is preferably-0.1 to-0.05 MPa; In flashing tower 210, the weight ratio for the treatment of enzymolysis material and thermal medium of contact can be 15-30: 1; The time of contact, generally, can be 5-10 minute described duration of contact as long as guarantee to treat that the enzymolysis material can reach hydrolysis temperature.
Described thermal source 220 can provide the various thermal mediums such as water vapor, hot water, and for example, described thermal source 220 can be for carrying the pipeline of various thermal mediums, also can be for storing the container of various thermal mediums.
In order to save the energy, to make the energy can be recycled recycling, described thermal source 220 is preferably the thermal medium that other workshop section produces, as the exhaust steam of discharging from rectifying workshop section, hot water etc.
At the thermal medium by thermal source 220 with when the enzymolysis material contacts in flashing tower 210, in order to guarantee the consumption of thermal medium, described thermal source 220 is preferably the container that can store various thermal mediums, before contact, thermal medium temporarily is kept in container, the temperature of described thermal medium is generally 100-170 ℃.
Described enzymatic vessel can be the various enzymatic vessels of this area routine, for example the container with whipping appts of 250 cubic metres of carbon steel materials.In order to monitor hydrolysis temperature, on described enzymatic vessel 230, also can be provided with the temperature test unit.
Described fermentor tank can be the various fermentor tanks of this area routine.For the monitor fermentation temperature, on described fermentor tank 260, also can be provided with the temperature test unit.
The number of described vacuum pump 250 can for one also can be a plurality of for what be connected in parallel, as long as can meet the requirement that can make flashing tower 210 reach vacuum tightness.Position to the second interface 212 that vacuum pump 250 is communicated with flashing tower 210 also is not particularly limited, and can be positioned at any position of flashing tower 210, preferably in middle part or the middle and upper part of flashing tower 210.
The thermal medium that described thermal source 220 provides in flashing tower 210 with the form of steam with after the enzymolysis material carries out heat exchange, can directly by remaining hot steam, from flashing tower 210, discharge outside tower, for meet the requirement of environmental protection, this device can also comprise condenser 280, described condenser 280 can be communicated with the top of flashing tower 210, make to be transported in condenser 280 with the steam in flashing tower 210 after the enzymolysis material contacts, be condensed into water, so that apply in other workshop section.Therefore, when described enzymolysis device also comprises that condenser 280 and thermal medium used are hot water vapour or hot water, can also by-product distilled water when realizing enzymolysis when described enzymolysis device carries out enzymolysis.Under preferable case, for the ease of operation, described condenser 280 is communicated with the top of flashing tower 210.Described condenser can be the various condensers of this area routine, for example shell-and tube condenser.
Below with reference to Figure 15, described fermentation unit is explained in further detail.
The present embodiment is for illustrating fermentation unit of the present invention and using method thereof.
Use fermentation unit shown in Figure 15 to prepare ethanol.Described fermentation unit comprises flashing tower 210, thermal source 220, enzymatic vessel 230, material source 240, vacuum pump 250, fermentor tank 260 and condenser 280, described flashing tower 210 comprises first interface 211, the second interface 212, the 3rd interface 213 and discharge port 214, material source 240 is communicated with flashing tower 210 by first interface 211, enzymatic vessel 230 is communicated with the discharge port of flashing tower 210, vacuum pump 250 is communicated with the second interface 212 of flashing tower 210, fermentor tank 260 is communicated with enzymatic vessel 230, condenser 280 is communicated with the top of flashing tower 210, thermal source 220 is communicated with the 3rd interface 213 of flashing tower 210 by inverted U-shaped pipe, the top of described inverted U-shaped pipe is higher than the top of flashing tower 210, the difference of altitude on the top of inverted U-shaped pipe and flashing tower 210 is 2.5 meters.The stage number of flashing tower is 6, and from top to bottom, first interface 211 and the 3rd interface 213 lay respectively at the 1st and the 6th column plate place of flashing tower.
Opening vacuum pump 250 vacuumizes flashing tower 210, the gauge pressure that makes flashing tower 210 is-0.1 MPa, open the valve between thermal source 220 and flashing tower 210, the water vapor that temperature in thermal source 220 is 150 ℃ is inhaled in flashing tower 210, open the valve in material source 240 simultaneously, making by first interface 211 is that 30 ℃ of farinaceous sizes are delivered to flashing tower 210 from material source 240 by temperature, and farinaceous size is contacted in flashing tower 210 with water vapor, the weight ratio of water vapor and farinaceous size is 25: 1, the time of contact is 5 minutes, now the temperature by the temperature monitoring apparatus monitoring farinaceous size that arranges on flashing tower 210 is increased to 55 ℃, 95 kilograms of starch slurries (starch content is 26.6 kilograms) liquid is delivered in enzymatic vessel 230 and mixes with amylase and carry out enzymolysis by discharge port, the time of enzymolysis is 60 minutes, the pH value of described enzymolysis is 5, with the dry weight basis of every gram farinaceous size, add the α-amylase (Novozymes Company buys) of 20 enzyme activity units, remaining water vapor in flashing tower 210 is extracted and be condensed into to the power supply of open cold condenser 280 out water, enzymolysis passes into enzymolysis product in fermentor tank and is fermented after finishing, and leavening temperature is 33 ℃, with the weighing scale of every gram enzymolysis product, inoculates 10
5the distillery yeast of colony-forming unit (the super highly active dry yeast in Angel, Hubei Angel Yeast stock company), the gained mixture under 33 ℃ in fermentor tank stir culture 65 hours, at 100 ℃ of distillation gained tunnings, obtain 14.05 kilograms of ethanol.Can measure with reference to the disclosed method of CN 101289674A the productive rate of ethanol.
Claims (35)
1. a system for preparing ethanol, this system for preparing ethanol comprises potato class pulverizing unit and fermentation unit, described fermentation unit is used the slurry provided by potato class pulverizing unit to prepare ethanol, it is characterized in that,
Described potato class pulverizing unit comprises: feed device, this feed device is for supplying potato raw material, described potato raw material comprises small particle size raw material and large particle diameter raw material, in the small particle size raw material doped with tiny foreign material, in large particle diameter raw material doped with light weight sundries, sorting equipment (102), this sorting equipment (102) will be for being classified as from the raw material of feed device small particle size raw material and large particle diameter raw material, the first e Foerderanlage and riffler (106), this first e Foerderanlage connects described sorting equipment (102) and riffler (106), for the small particle size raw material being transported to described riffler (106), the second e Foerderanlage, knot screen and shredding unit (111), described the second e Foerderanlage connects described sorting equipment (102) and shredding unit (111), for large particle diameter raw material is delivered to described shredding unit (111), described knot screen is arranged in the delivery conduit of described the second e Foerderanlage and carries out the removal of impurities processing with the described large particle diameter raw material for to carrying along this delivery conduit, the 3rd e Foerderanlage and pulping device (117), described the 3rd e Foerderanlage connects described shredding unit (111) and pulping device (117), be delivered to described pulping device (117) for the large particle diameter raw material by after pulverizing, described pulping device (117) also is connected with described riffler (106), for receiving the slurries that are mixed with described small particle size raw material from riffler (106), wherein, described riffler (106) comprises cell body (71), entrance (72) and outlet (73), the slurries that described small-particle mixture or itself and water form enter in the cell body (71) of described riffler (106) by the entrance (72) of described riffler (106), described cell body (71) comprises sidewall (74) and bottom (75), described outlet (73) is arranged on described sidewall (74), described bottom (75) has at least one bossing (76) and/or at least one sunk part (77),
Described fermentation unit comprises flashing tower (210), thermal source (220), enzymatic vessel (230), material source (240), vacuum pump (250) and fermentor tank (260), described flashing tower (210) comprises first interface (211), the second interface (212), the 3rd interface (213) and discharge port (214), described pulping device (117) is connected to provide described slurry with material source (240), material source (240) is communicated with flashing tower (210) by first interface (211), enzymatic vessel (230) is communicated with the discharge port of flashing tower (210), vacuum pump (250) is communicated with second interface (212) of flashing tower (210), fermentor tank (260) is communicated with enzymatic vessel (230), thermal source (220) is communicated with the 3rd interface (213) of flashing tower (210) by communicating vessels (270), and the top of described communicating vessels (270) is higher than treating the liquid level of enzymolysis material in flashing tower (210).
2. the system for preparing ethanol according to claim 1, wherein, described entrance (72) is arranged on relative two described sidewalls (74) with described outlet (73).
3. the system for preparing ethanol according to claim 2, wherein, described bottom (75) has a plurality of bossings (76) and/or a plurality of sunk part (77), and the plurality of bossing (76) and/or a plurality of sunk part (77) edge direction from described entrance (72) to described outlet (73) is arranged.
4. according to the described system for preparing ethanol of claim 2 or 3, wherein, the longitudinal cross-section of described sunk part (76) and/or a plurality of sunk part (77) is trilateral or trapezoidal, and described longitudinal cross-section is parallel to direction from described entrance (72) to described outlet (73) and perpendicular to horizontal plane.
5. according to the described system for preparing ethanol of any one in claim 1-3, wherein, described riffler (106) also comprises baffle plate, by this baffle plate, can regulate the size of described outlet (73) and the distance between described outlet (73) and described bottom (75).
6. the system for preparing ethanol according to claim 1, wherein, described riffler (106) also comprises jet apparatus.
7. the system for preparing ethanol according to claim 6, wherein, described jet apparatus comprises at least one spray tube (78), each spray tube (78) comprises separately body and is positioned at a plurality of holes on body.
8. the system for preparing ethanol according to claim 7, wherein, each described spray tube (78) is a plurality of, is arranged on separately in the cell body (71) of described riffler (106), and across relative two described sidewalls (74) of described riffler (106).
9. according to the described system for preparing ethanol of claim 7 or 8, wherein, the distance between the body of described spray tube (78) and described bottom (75) can be regulated.
10. the system for preparing ethanol according to claim 7, wherein, described hole aim at described bossing (76) and/or be arranged on described sunk part (77) and the sidewall at described entrance (72) and/or outlet (73) place between in the groove that forms.
11. the system for preparing ethanol according to claim 7, wherein, described hole is towards bottom, and the axis in hole is horizontal by 30-60 degree angle.
The system for preparing ethanol 12. according to claim 1, wherein, described knot screen be arranged in described large particle diameter raw material described delivery conduit must through position.
The system for preparing ethanol 13. according to claim 2, wherein, described the second e Foerderanlage comprises endless belt conveyor (108), described knot screen comprises removal of impurities pawl (109), and this removal of impurities pawl (109) is positioned at the below at the conveying belt output described large particle diameter raw material place of described endless belt conveyor (108).
The system for preparing ethanol 14. according to claim 2, wherein, described the second e Foerderanlage comprises endless belt conveyor (108) and transport pipe (110), this transport pipe (110) connects described endless belt conveyor (108) and shredding unit (111), described knot screen comprises removal of impurities pawl (109), and described removal of impurities pawl (109) is arranged in the below that described transport pipe (110) and/or described removal of impurities pawl (109) are positioned at the conveying belt output described large particle diameter raw material place of described endless belt conveyor (108).
15. according to the described system for preparing ethanol of claim 13 or 14, wherein, described removal of impurities pawl (109) comprises shaft-like base part (1) and a plurality of toothed elements (2) that are connected with this base part (1), and this toothed elements (2) is arranged along the radial direction of described base part (1).
16. the system for preparing ethanol according to claim 15, wherein, described a plurality of toothed elements (2) are positioned at same plane.
17. system according to claim 16, wherein, a plurality of toothed elements (2) are parallel to each other.
18. the system for preparing ethanol according to claim 16, wherein, at least a portion in described a plurality of toothed elements (2) is intersected mutually.
The system for preparing ethanol 19. according to claim 15, wherein, described toothed elements (2) is divided into many groups along the axial direction due of described base part (1), and this multiple sets of teeth shape part (2) is spaced apart along the circumferential direction equal angles ground of described base part (1).
20. the system for preparing ethanol according to claim 19, wherein, a plurality of toothed elements (2) in described multiple sets of teeth shape part (2) in any a group are positioned at same plane.
The system for preparing ethanol 21. according to claim 20, wherein, described toothed elements (2) is 2,3,4,5 or 6 groups, and the angle in described multiple sets of teeth shape part (2) between adjacent any two groups of toothed elements (2) is 180 °, 120 °, 90 °, 72 ° or 60 °.
22. the system for preparing ethanol according to claim 19, wherein, a plurality of toothed elements (2) in described multiple sets of teeth shape part (2) in any a group are arranged twist along the axial direction due of described base part (1).
23. the system for preparing ethanol according to claim 15, wherein, the end of described toothed elements (2) has hook-shape structure.
The system for preparing ethanol 24. according to claim 14, wherein, described knot screen also comprises at least one screen cloth, and it is vertical with the longitudinal direction of this transport pipe (110) that described screen cloth is positioned at the plane at described transport pipe (110) and described screen cloth place.
The system for preparing ethanol 25. according to claim 24, wherein, described removal of impurities pawl (109) is positioned at the position that described transport pipe (110) first contacts with large particle diameter raw material, and described screen cloth is positioned at the position contacted with large particle diameter raw material after described transport pipe (110).
26. the system for preparing ethanol according to claim 1, wherein, the top of described communicating vessels (270) is higher than the top of flashing tower (210).
27. the system for preparing ethanol according to claim 26, wherein, the difference of altitude between the top of the top of described communicating vessels (270) and flashing tower (210) is 1-2.5 rice.
28., according to claim 1, the 26 or 27 described systems that prepare ethanol, wherein, described communicating vessels (270) is the bending pipe.
29. the system for preparing ethanol according to claim 27, wherein, described bending pipe is inverted U-shaped pipe or serpentine tube.
30. the system for preparing ethanol according to claim 1, wherein, the position of first interface (211) is higher than the position of the 3rd interface (213).
The system for preparing ethanol 31. according to claim 1, wherein, following any one or several position also are provided with valve: between the 3rd interface (213) of communicating vessels (270) and flashing tower (210), between communicating vessels (270) and thermal source (220), between material source (240) and first interface (211) and between enzymatic vessel (230) and fermentor tank (260).
32., according to claim 1, the 27 or 31 described systems that prepare ethanol, wherein, described flashing tower (210) is packing tower or sieve-tray tower.
33. the system for preparing ethanol according to claim 1, wherein, described enzymatic vessel (230) and fermentor tank (260) are the container with whipping appts.
34., according to the described system for preparing ethanol of claim 1 or 31, wherein, the described device for preparing ethanol also comprises condenser (280), described condenser 280) with the top of flashing tower (210), be communicated with.
35. the system for preparing ethanol according to claim 34, wherein, described condenser (280) is communicated with the top of flashing tower (210).
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| CN2010101830641A CN102250749B (en) | 2010-05-19 | 2010-05-19 | System for preparing ethanol |
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| CN2010101830641A CN102250749B (en) | 2010-05-19 | 2010-05-19 | System for preparing ethanol |
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| CN102250749B true CN102250749B (en) | 2013-06-05 |
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| CN2108576U (en) * | 1991-08-16 | 1992-07-01 | 周樟富 | Multipurpose disintegrator |
| CN2109882U (en) * | 1991-12-12 | 1992-07-15 | 戴履江 | Automatic seperator for processing starch from potato kind |
| CN2119961U (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1992-10-28 | 肖永先 | Separating machine with pulverizator |
| CN101487025A (en) * | 2008-01-15 | 2009-07-22 | 中粮集团有限公司 | Method for preparing ethanol from tuber crops raw material |
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2010
- 2010-05-19 CN CN2010101830641A patent/CN102250749B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2108576U (en) * | 1991-08-16 | 1992-07-01 | 周樟富 | Multipurpose disintegrator |
| CN2109882U (en) * | 1991-12-12 | 1992-07-15 | 戴履江 | Automatic seperator for processing starch from potato kind |
| CN2119961U (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1992-10-28 | 肖永先 | Separating machine with pulverizator |
| CN101487025A (en) * | 2008-01-15 | 2009-07-22 | 中粮集团有限公司 | Method for preparing ethanol from tuber crops raw material |
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