CN102244722B - Image capture module and image capture method for avoiding shutter delay - Google Patents
Image capture module and image capture method for avoiding shutter delay Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明是关于一种影像撷取模块及其使用的影像撷取方法;具体而言,本发明是关于一种可避免快门延迟的影像撷取模块及其使用的影像撷取方法。The present invention relates to an image capture module and an image capture method used therein; specifically, the present invention relates to an image capture module capable of avoiding shutter delay and an image capture method used therein.
背景技术Background technique
数码影像的应用范围及领域在近年来有显著的成长,技术层级亦不断随之提升。为满足使用者在数码影像上的使用需求,数码相机及其他各式电子装置上均提供了数码影像的撷取功能,以方便在各种不同的场合及时机进行摄影。The application range and fields of digital imaging have grown significantly in recent years, and the technical level has also been continuously improved. In order to meet the needs of users for using digital images, digital cameras and other electronic devices provide digital image capture functions to facilitate photography in various occasions and occasions.
图1A所示为传统数码影像撷取模块的示意图。传统的数码影像撷取模块包含影像感应器20、影像处理器10、预视界面装置30及预视显示器60。当在摄影前的预视模式时,影像感应器20将接收到的光线转换成为信号21传送至影像处理器10。影像处理器10将信号21处理成为影像信号11后送至预视界面装置30及其后端连接的预视显示器60以产生预视影像。当使用者在预视模式中通过预视显示器60看到欲拍摄的影像,即按下快门以进入影像撷取模式,并自影像处理器10来撷取影像。FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of a traditional digital image capture module. A traditional digital image capture module includes an
如图1B所示,影像信号11中包含复数个依时序排列的第一、第二、第三影像视格61、63、65。第一、第二、第三影像视格61、63、65为影像感应器20于连续的时间中分别撷取的影像。当第一影像视格61自预视界面装置30被完全传送到预视显示器60后,预视显示器60才会将第一影像视格61显示出来作为预视影像。此时由影像处理器10向外输出的影像信号为第二影像视格63。换言之,当使用者看到预视的第一影像视格61而按下快门时,所能自影像处理器10撷取的影像并非已被完全输出的第一影像视格61。由于预视的影像与撷取的输出影像不同,因此造成了所谓的快门延迟现象。As shown in FIG. 1B , the
此外,为了提升预视模式时的视格更新频率,影像感应器20在预视模式时通常会输出解析度较低但更新频率较高的影像信号,并经影像处理器10处理为第一影像视格61及第二影像视格63。当使用者按下快门后,影像感应器20则会被切换改输出完整解析度但更新频率较低的影像信号,例如第三影像视格65。然而影像感应器20在此一输出规格的切换过程中亦需消耗时间,进而使第二影像视格63及第三影像视格65之间形成信号的空窗时间。此一空窗时间将更加重前述的快门延迟现象,使使用者预视的影像与实际撷取到的输出影像间具有更大的时间及影像落差。In addition, in order to increase the frame update frequency in the preview mode, the
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种影像撷取模块及其使用的影像撷取方法,以解决快门延迟问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an image capture module and an image capture method used therein to solve the problem of shutter delay.
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种影像撷取模块及其使用的影像撷取方法,可使使用者撷取到的输出影像与预视按下快门时的影像相同。Another object of the present invention is to provide an image capture module and an image capture method used therein, which can make the output image captured by the user the same as the preview image when the shutter is pressed.
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种影像撷取模块及其使用的影像撷取方法,可轻易与后端系统及其他应用装置整合。Another object of the present invention is to provide an image capture module and an image capture method used therein, which can be easily integrated with back-end systems and other application devices.
影像撷取模块主要包含影像信号处理单元、预视界面模块及影像暂存模块。影像撷取模块是连接于影像源,并接收影像源提供的影像资料串流。影像源是接收外部光线并转换为电子信号而产生影像资料串流,而影像信号处理单元则自影像源接收影像资料串流。影像信号处理单元对接收的影像资料串流进行处理,以产生预视影像串流及输出影像串流。预视影像串流被送至预视界面模块中,再向外输出形成预视影像。输出影像串流则被传送至影像暂存模块暂存;换言之,预视影像串流及输出影像串流是形成为两个独立的信号通路。The image capture module mainly includes an image signal processing unit, a preview interface module and an image temporary storage module. The image capture module is connected to the image source and receives the image data stream provided by the image source. The image source receives external light and converts it into an electronic signal to generate an image data stream, and the image signal processing unit receives the image data stream from the image source. The image signal processing unit processes the received image data stream to generate a preview image stream and an output image stream. The preview image stream is sent to the preview interface module, and then output to form a preview image. The output image stream is sent to the image temporary storage module for temporary storage; in other words, the preview image stream and the output image stream are formed as two independent signal paths.
预视影像串流中包含有第一预视影像视格;输出影像串流中则包含有第一输出影像视格并与第一预视影像视格对应。当在预视模式中,第一预视影像视格被预视界面模块所接收并输出时,第一输出影像视格亦同步被影像暂存模块所接收及暂存。当预视界面模块完整输出第一预视影像视格后,第一预视影像视格才会被显示成为预视影像供使用者观看,此时第一输出影像视格亦已被影像暂存模块所完整接收及暂存。The preview image stream includes the first preview image frame; the output image stream includes the first output image frame and corresponds to the first preview image frame. When in the preview mode, the first preview image frame is received and output by the preview interface module, the first output image frame is also received and temporarily stored by the image temporary storage module synchronously. When the preview interface module completely outputs the first preview image frame, the first preview image frame will be displayed as a preview image for users to watch. At this time, the first output image frame has also been temporarily stored by the image The module is completely received and temporarily stored.
当使用者按下快门或启动其他触发装置以产生影像撷取命令时,系统即根据影像撷取命令输出被暂存的第一输出影像视格作为撷取的输出影像。由于第一预视影像视格是对应于第一输出影像视格,两者所显示的影像自然相同。通过此一设计,即可避免快门或影像处理的延迟,以及随之产生使用者于按下快门时所见影像与实际得到输出影像间的落差。When the user presses the shutter or activates other trigger devices to generate an image capture command, the system outputs the temporarily stored first output image frame as the captured output image according to the image capture command. Since the first preview image frame corresponds to the first output image frame, the images displayed by the two are naturally the same. Through this design, the delay of the shutter or the image processing can be avoided, and consequently there will be a gap between the image seen by the user when the shutter is pressed and the actual output image.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1A为传统影像撷取模块的示意图;FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of a traditional image capture module;
图1B为传统影像撷取模块产生影像信号的示意图;FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of an image signal generated by a traditional image capture module;
图2为影像撷取模块的实施例示意图;2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an image capture module;
图3为影像撷取模块内部影像信号的实施例示意图;3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an image signal inside an image capture module;
图4为影像撷取模块的另一实施例示意图;4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of an image capture module;
图5为包含迟延时间T的实施例示意图;FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment including a delay time T;
图6为包含识别编号的实施例示意图;Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment including an identification number;
图7为缓冲记忆单元的实施例示意图;7 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a buffer memory unit;
图8A为包含影像撷取准备模式的实施例示意图;FIG. 8A is a schematic diagram of an embodiment including an image capture preparation mode;
图8B为包含影像撷取准备模式的另一实施例示意图;FIG. 8B is a schematic diagram of another embodiment including an image capture preparation mode;
图9为影像撷取方法的实施例流程图;FIG. 9 is a flowchart of an embodiment of an image capture method;
图10为影像撷取方法的另一实施例流程图。FIG. 10 is a flow chart of another embodiment of the image capture method.
主要元件符号说明Description of main component symbols
100影像撷取模块100 image capture modules
200影像源200 image sources
210影像资料串流210 image data stream
300影像信号处理单元300 image signal processing units
310预视影像串流310 preview image streaming
311第一预视影像视格311 first preview video frame
312第二预视影像视格312 second preview video frame
313第三预视影像视格313 The third preview video frame
330输出影像串流330 output video streaming
331第一输出影像视格331 first output video frame
332第二输出影像视格332 second output video frame
333第三输出影像视格333 third output video frame
411第一识别编号411 First Identification Number
500预视界面模块500 preview interface modules
600基频处理器/显示器600 baseband processor/display
700影像暂存模块700 image temporary storage module
710缓冲记忆单元710 buffer memory unit
711、712、719暂存区711, 712, 719 temporary storage area
730影像压缩单元730 image compression unit
800影像撷取命令800 image capture command
810影像撷取准备命令810 image capture preparation command
910中央处理单元910 central processing unit
930快门930 shutter
931第一段触发931 first segment trigger
932第二段触发932 second segment trigger
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明是提供一种影像撷取模块及其使用的影像撷取方法。以较佳实施例而言,本发明的影像撷取模块及影像撷取方法是应用于数码相机内;然而在不同实施例中,本发明的影像撷取模块及影像撷取方法亦可应用于需要影像处理功能的其他电子装置中,例如行动电话、个人数码助理、卫星导航装置、掌上型电动游戏机等。The present invention provides an image capture module and an image capture method used therein. In a preferred embodiment, the image capture module and image capture method of the present invention are applied in a digital camera; however, in different embodiments, the image capture module and image capture method of the present invention can also be applied to In other electronic devices that require image processing functions, such as mobile phones, personal digital assistants, satellite navigation devices, handheld video game consoles, etc.
如图2所示,影像撷取模块100主要包含影像信号处理单元300、预视界面模块500及影像暂存模块700。影像撷取模块100是连接于影像源200,并接收影像源200提供的影像资料串流210。影像源200较佳包含各式影像感应器,例如电荷耦合元件(CCD)、互补式金氧半导体(CMOS)等。影像源200是接收外部光线并转换为电子信号而产生影像资料串流210,而影像信号处理单元300则自影像源200接收影像资料串流210。在此较佳实施例中,影像源200产生的影像资料串流210是依固定时序并以固定解析度输出。然在不同实施例中,影像源200产生影像资料串流210的时序/视格频率或解析度亦可被适当切换以达成额外的功效。As shown in FIG. 2 , the
如图2所示,影像信号处理单元300对接收的影像资料串流210进行处理,以产生预视影像串流310及输出影像串流330。预视影像串流310较佳是由影像信号处理单元300对影像资料串流210进行解析度降低或调整资料格式等处理后形成。预视影像串流310的资料格式较佳可为RGB或YUV格式,以符合后续预视或输出之用。此外,影像信号处理单元300亦可对影像资料串流210进行杂讯滤除或其他处理以形成预视影像串流310。As shown in FIG. 2 , the video
预视影像串流310被送至预视界面模块500中。在特定的产品设计中,预视界面模块500可依需求连接于系统的基频处理器,之后再连接至显示器等应用装置上;然而在不同实施例中,预视界面模块500亦被设计成直接连接于显示器等应用装置上,以提供预视影像。如图2所示,预视界面模块500于接收预视影像串流310后,即向外输出至系统的基频处理器/显示器600等应用装置上。基频处理器/显示器600于完整接收预视影像串流310中的某一视格后,即会将该视格的影像显示成为预视影像供使用者观看。The
如图2所示,输出影像串流330较佳是由影像信号处理单元300对影像资料串流210进行调整资料格式或杂讯滤除等处理后形成。输出影像串流330的资料格式较佳可为RGB、YUV或RAW格式,以符合后续压缩或输出之用。在较佳实施例中,影像信号处理单元300并不会对影像资料串流210进行降低解析度处理以形成输出影像串流330;然在不同实施例中,输出影像串流330亦可以降低解析度的方式形成,以配合不同的系统输出需求。As shown in FIG. 2 , the
产生后的输出影像串流330是被传送至影像暂存模块700;换言之,预视影像串流310及输出影像串流330是形成为两个独立的信号通路,且被传送至不同地方进行后续处理。影像暂存模块700中具有至少一个缓冲记忆单元710,而输出影像串流330则被暂存于缓冲记忆单元710中。在图2所示的较佳实施例中,影像暂存模块700中包含有影像压缩单元730设置于缓冲记忆单元710之前。输出影像串流330是经由影像压缩单元730压缩后再进入缓冲记忆单元710内暂存。在较佳实施例中,影像压缩单元730是为JPEG影像压缩引擎,并将输出影像串流330中的视格分别压缩为JPEG影像格式;然而在不同实施例中,影像压缩单元730亦可为不同格式的影像压缩引擎。The generated
如图3所示,预视影像串流310中包含有第一预视影像视格311、第二预视影像视格312及第三预视影像视格313;输出影像串流330中包含有第一输出影像视格331、第二输出影像视格332及第三输出影像视格333。其中第一预视影像视格311、第二预视影像视格312及第三预视影像视格313分别对应于第一输出影像视格331、第二输出影像视格332及第三输出影像视格333;换言之,第一预视影像视格311及第一输出影像视格331是由影像源200提供的原始影像资料串流210中的同一视格所产生。后续其他的预视及输出影像视格亦依此类推。然而在较佳实施例中,由于预视影像视格通常需配合显示器的像素规格调整解析度,因此第一预视影像视格311的影像解析度较佳是小于第一输出影像视格331的影像解析度。As shown in FIG. 3 , the
在图3所示的较佳实施例中,当在预视模式中,第一预视影像视格311被预视界面模块500所接收并输出时,第一输出影像视格331亦同步被影像暂存模块700所接收及暂存。当预视界面模块500完整输出第一预视影像视格311至基频处理器/显示器600后,第一预视影像视格311才会被显示成为预视影像供使用者观看。换言之,当使用者看到第一预视影像视格311并按下快门或启动其他触发装置而进入影像撷取模式时,第一预视影像视格311已被预视界面模块500所完整输出,且第一输出影像视格331亦已被影像暂存模块700所完整接收及暂存。In the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 3, when in the preview mode, the first
由于使用者按下快门或启动其他触发装置会产生影像撷取命令800而进入影像撷取模式,此时系统即根据影像撷取命令800输出被暂存的第一输出影像视格331作为撷取的输出影像。除此之外,第一输出影像视格331亦可被传送至预视影像模块500以向外输出,供使用者确认或检视撷取的输出影像。由于第一预视影像视格311是对应于第一输出影像视格331;亦即两者的影像内容是来自于影像资料串流210的同一视格,两者所显示的影像自然相同。通过此一设计,即可避免快门或影像处理的延迟,以及随之产生使用者于按下快门时所见影像与实际得到输出影像间的落差。Since the user presses the shutter or activates other trigger devices, an
此外,在此较佳实施例中,当产生影像撷取命令800以进入影像撷取模式后,预视界面模块500及影像暂存模块700可分别停止接收预视影像串流310及输出影像串流330,以减少电力消耗。然而在离开影像撷取模式且再次进入预视模式时,预视界面模块500及影像暂存模块700即分别开始接收预视影像串流310及输出影像串流330。In addition, in this preferred embodiment, after the
在图4所示的实施例中,影像撷取模块100并包含有中央处理单元910及快门930。快门930是根据使用者的操作产生影像撷取命令800,并传送至中央处理单元910。在不同实施例中,快门930亦可由触控面板或其他触发装置所构成。当中央处理单元910接收到影像撷取命令800时,即根据影像撷取命令800的产生时点,自缓冲记忆单元710中存取输出对应的第一输出影像视格331。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 , the
在图5所示的实施例中,系统接收到影像撷取命令800的时点是在第二预视影像视格312被预视界面模块500所接收并输出的过程中,此时显示器600所显示的预视影像是为第一预视影像视格311。然而由于基频处理器/显示器600或其他处理资料上造成的迟延,第二预视影像视格312并非紧接在第一预视影像视格311之后的下一视格。两者间夹有一或数个其他预视影像视格315。为正确输出与使用者预视所见第一预视影像视格311对应的影像,中央处理单元910是可根据预设的预视迟延时间T来判断存取正确的输出影像。例如当影像撷取命令800产生在第二预视影像视格312被预视界面模块500所接收并输出的过程中时,中央处理单元910即自缓冲记忆单元710中存取在预设迟延时间T之前的第一输出影像视格331作为输出影像。此一预迟延时间T是可经由测试而事先得知,进而可预设在中央处理单元910内。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 , the time point when the system receives the
然而在不同实施例中,第一预视影像视格311及第二预视影像视格312之间亦可能没有其他预视影像视格存在,亦即基频处理器/显示器600或其他处理资料上没有造成迟延状况。此时若影像撷取命令800产生在第二预视影像视格312被预视界面模块500所接收并输出的过程中,亦即第一预视影像视格311为预视界面模块500输出的最后一视格时,中央处理单元910亦可直接自缓冲记忆单元710中存取紧接在第二输出影像视格332之前的第一输出影像视格331作为输出影像。其中第二输出影像视格332是对应于第二预视影像视格312,且当第二预视影像视格312被预视界面模块500所接收并输出时,第二输出影像视格332较佳是处于被影像压缩单元730压缩并被暂存至缓冲记忆单元710的过程中。However, in different embodiments, there may be no other preview image frames between the first
在图6所示的实施例中,每一个预视影像视格均具有识别编号。例如第一预视影像视格311即具有第一识别编号411。识别编号较佳是包含在形成各个预视影像视格的资料封包中,并可为基频处理器/显示器600所解译。当第一预视影像视格311被基频处理器/显示器600显示为预视画面,且使用者触发快门930以产生影像撷取命令800时,基频处理器/显示器600即回传第一预视影像视格311的第一识别编号411给中央处理单元910。中央处理单元910根据所收到的第一识别编号411,即可自缓冲记忆单元710中存取对应的第一输出影像331做为输出影像。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, each preview image frame has an identification number. For example, the
如前所述,显示为预视影像的预视影像视格及正在预视界面模块500正在接收中的预视影像视格间不一定为紧密相接,两者间可能夹有其他预视影像视格。因此在图7所示的实施例中,缓冲记忆单元710可包含有复数个暂存区711、712,以暂存与预视影像视格对应的多个输出影像视格。如图7所示,输出影像串流330包含的第一输出影像视格331、第二输出影像视格332是依序存入暂存区711、712中。当最末的暂存区719被存入后,接续产生的输出影像视格即回自起始的暂存区711依序复写存入。As mentioned above, the frame of the preview image displayed as a preview image and the frame of the preview image being received by the
在图8A所示的实施例中,在预视模式及影像撷取模式之间更包含有影像撷取准备模式;影像撷取准备模式的启动是由影像撷取准备命令810所触发。在较佳实施例中,快门装置930是具有第一段触发931及第二段触发932。第一段触发931较佳可为镜头对焦或测光等触发动作,此触发动作可由轻触第一段快门或点击触控面板上的对焦位置而达成。而第二段触发932较佳则为撷取影像的触发动作,例如实际按下快门键或点击触控面板上的快门图示。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8A , an image capture preparation mode is further included between the preview mode and the image capture mode; the activation of the image capture preparation mode is triggered by an image capture preparation command 810 . In a preferred embodiment, the
如图8A所示,在预视模式时,第一段触发931尚未被启动,此时仅有预视影像串流310被影像信号处理单元300产生及传送至预视界面模块500;而输出影像串流330则未被产生及传送至影像暂存模块700。当影像撷取准备命令810产生,亦即第一段触发931被启动时,影像信号处理单元300方起始产生及传送输出影像串流330至影像暂存模块700。后续进入影像撷取模式后的流程则如前述,在此不再重复说明。通过此一设计,可进一步减少系统在预视模式时电力的耗损,并由此减少系统资源消耗以提高效能。As shown in FIG. 8A , in the preview mode, the
此外,在不同实施例中,如图8B所示,当在接收到影像撷取准备命令810前的预视模式时,系统可切换影像源200提供解析度较低的影像资料串210,以使预视影像串流310具有较高的影像更新频率。当接收到影像撷取准备命令810之后并进入后续的影像撷取准备模式时,系统则切换影像源200提供解析度较高的影像资料串210,并根据解析度较高的影像资料串210同时产生预视影像串流310及输出影像串流330。In addition, in different embodiments, as shown in FIG. 8B , when the preview mode is received before the image capture preparation command 810 is received, the system can switch the
图9所示为本发明影像撷取方法的实施例流程图。如图9所示,步骤1010包含根据影像资料串流产生预视影像串流;其中,预视影像串流包含有第一预视影像视格。预视影像串流较佳是由影像资料串流经解析度降低、调整资料格式或杂讯滤除等处理后形成,其资料格式较佳可为RGB或YUV格式,以符合后续预视或输出之用。FIG. 9 is a flowchart of an embodiment of the image capturing method of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9 ,
步骤1030包含传送预视影像串流至预视界面模块以输出该预视影像串流。预视界面模块于接收预视影像串流后,即向外输出至系统的基频处理器/显示器等应用装置上。基频处理器/显示器于完整接收预视影像串流中的某一视格后,即会将该视格的影像显示成为预视影像供使用者观看。
步骤1050包含根据影像资料串流产生输出影像串流;其中,该输出影像串流包含第一输出影像视格对应于第一预视影像视格。换言之,第一预视影像视格及第一输出影像视格是由原始影像资料串流中的同一视格所产生。输出影像串流较佳是由影像资料串流经调整资料格式或杂讯滤除等处理后形成。输出影像串流的资料格式较佳可为RGB、YUV或RAW格式,以符合后续压缩或输出之用。在较佳实施例中,并不会对影像资料串流进行降低解析度处理以形成输出影像串流;然在不同实施例中,输出影像串流亦可以降低解析度的方式形成,以配合不同的系统输出需求。
步骤1070包含传送输出影像串流至影像暂存模块,以暂存输出影像串流于影像暂存模块中的缓冲记忆单元。换言之,预视影像串流及输出影像串流是形成为两个独立的信号通路,且被传送至不同地方进行后续处理。在较佳实施例中,第一预视影像视格被预视界面模块所接收并输出时,第一输出影像视格亦同步被影像暂存模块所接收及暂存。此外,为降低缓冲记忆单元的负荷或配合输出影像格式的要求,输出影像串流可先经过影像压缩单元进行压缩处理后再暂存至缓冲记忆单元内。前述压缩的格式可为JPEG格式,但并不限于此。
步骤1090包含接收影像撷取命令并根据影像撷取命令自缓冲记忆单元中输出第一输出影像视格,其中影像撷取命令是产生于预视界面模块接收并输出第一预视影像视格之后。如前所述,当预视界面模块完整输出第一预视影像视格后,第一预视影像视格才会被显示成为预视影像供使用者观看。换言之,当使用者看到第一预视影像视格并按下快门或启动其他触发装置而产生影像撷取命令时,第一输出影像视格亦已被影像暂存模块所完整接收及暂存。此时系统即根据影像撷取命令输出被暂存的第一输出影像视格作为撷取的输出影像。由于第一预视影像视格是对应于第一输出影像视格,两者的影像内容是来自于影像资料串流的同一视格,两者所显示的影像自然相同。通过此一设计,即可避免快门或影像处理的延迟,以及随之产生使用者于按下快门时所见影像与实际得到输出影像间的落差。
在图10所示的实施例中,输出影像串流产生步骤1050包含步骤1051,依据影像撷取准备命令起始产生输出影像串流至影像暂存模块。影像撷取准备命令较佳是由两段式快门中的第一段快门或其他触发装置产生的触发动作同时触发,而前述的触发动作较佳是供控制镜头对焦或测光等动作之用。由于在系统未接收到影像撷取准备命令前不然产生输出影像串流,而仅需产生预视影像串流,因此此实施例可进一步减少系统在预视模式时电力的耗损,并由此减少系统资源消耗以提高效能。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 , the
本发明已由上述相关实施例加以描述,然而上述实施例仅为实施本发明的范例。必需指出的是,已揭露的实施例并未限制本发明的范围。相反地,包含于权利要求书的精神及范围的修改及均等设置均包含于本发明的范围内。The present invention has been described by the above-mentioned related embodiments, however, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for implementing the present invention. It must be pointed out that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. On the contrary, modifications and equivalent arrangements included in the spirit and scope of the claims are included in the scope of the present invention.
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