CN1022423C - 氰化提金厂含氰尾矿水的处理方法 - Google Patents
氰化提金厂含氰尾矿水的处理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
一种氰化提金厂含氰尾矿水的处理方法，特别适用于全泥氰化-逆流洗涤-锌粉置换法提金的矿山，本方法先将含氰、含金属矿浆稀释送入尾矿库内放置进行生物降解、氧化、沉淀、吸附、挥发等综合作用之后，上部尾矿澄清水打入多段串联的活性炭吸附柱中使活性炭吸附水中的氰及金等使水达到国家排放标准，并且焚烧含金炭回收贵重黄金。本方法投资费低、设施简便、操作安全可靠，实现了环境效益、社会效益、经济效益的最佳统一。
Description
本发明涉及一种提金含氰尾矿水的处理方法。
目前在国内外黄金矿山，对含氰废水的处理，大都采用碱氯法，酸化回收法等。
碱氯法可以把任意浓度的含氰污水处理至标准以下，但也存在一些不足。如不能回收污水中的贵重的黄金;液氯不易购买;操作不易控制，尤其是处理连续作业的含氰尾砂浆，在来浆数量、浓度不均匀的条件下，很难准确地控制pH值和液氯投加量，因此，生产中常常产生剧毒的氯化氰气体，工作环境差，长期从事该项工作的操作人员易患呼吸道及皮肤病;处理后的污水中常含有新的污染物;亚铁氰化物或铁氰化物通常不被分解，在一定条件下，还能还原出剧毒的氰根，再次污染环境。
酸化回收法适合于处理高浓度的含氰污水，并能回收氰化物及废水中的铜等有价值金属，但对微量的贵金属黄金不能综合回收，需要大量防腐设备，基建投资费高，而且处理后的废水一般还需要二次处理才能排入环境中。
本发明的目的在于提供一种氰化提金厂含氰尾矿水的处理方法，使处理后的废水中氰的含量远低于国家制定的排放标准，同时回收废水中的贵重黄金，即可治理环境污染还可取得经济效益。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：将氰化提金厂排出的含氰、含金尾矿浆，经尾矿输送管路排入尾矿库基坝内进行稀释、生物降解、氧化、沉淀、吸附、挥发等综合作用，矿砂及大量悬浮物沉于库内底部，上部尾矿澄清水通过坝内的溢流井上的溢流孔进入溢流井内，再经与库外相通的排水管流入库外的拦截水坝中。然后用泵将拦截坝中的溢流水打入3～5段串联安装并装有活性炭的吸附柱中，含氰、含金污水经多段吸附柱氰及金等被活性炭吸附，达标后的水从排出口流出排入环境水系，各段吸附柱均设有逆流串炭装置，新鲜活性炭从最后一段吸附柱中加入，经吸附的饱和活性炭从第一段吸附柱中定期卸出。从第一段吸附柱中卸出的载氰、载金炭在焚炭炉中焚烧灰化，被活性炭吸附的氰在此过程中分解成为无毒的气体排出，所得的含金炭灰中定量加入硼砂、碱、铅粉、面粉等熔剂后移入中频炉中进行常规的熔炼提取黄金。
本发明的方法同已有技术碱氯法及酸化法相比较无二次污染，投资费低，设施简便，操作方便、安全可靠、指标稳定、避免了操作人员患呼吸道及皮肤方面的职业病，能使处理后废水中的氰浓度远低于国家的排放标准，同时回收了废水中的贵重黄金，实现了环境效益、社会效益、经济效益的最佳统一。
附图为本发明的工艺流程示意图。
结合附图进一步说明本发明的技术方案：
乌拉嘎金矿500T/日脉金提金厂，采用全泥氰化-逆流洗涤-锌粉置换法提金，生产中每日排出950立方米的含氰、含金尾矿浆，为了便于输送，还需往该尾矿浆中加入1050立方米充填水，被稀释后的尾矿浆经管路排入尾矿库基坝4内，尾矿浆在尾矿库内放置30天，在这期间尾矿库内发生生物降解，氧化、沉淀、吸附、挥发等综合作用，矿砂及大量悬浮物5沉于库内底部，上部尾矿澄清水6通过坝内的溢流井7上的溢流孔进入溢流井内再经与库外相通的排水管3流入库外的拦截水
坝8中。此时流出的溢流水中氧化物浓度已由入库时的70mg/l自然降到了2mg/l。
用清水泵9将拦截水坝8中的溢流水打入3段串联安装并装有活性炭的吸附柱10中。所选用的吸附柱规格为φ3.25×3.25米，采用铁力煤质活性炭24.5吨，平均装入三个吸附柱中。在吸附过程中控制吸附速率3.4m3废水/小时、吨炭。含氰、含金污水经多段吸附处理后大部分氰、金被吸附，含金为0.04～0.06kg/l的废水经吸附之后含金量降低至0.01mg/l，对金的吸附率达到75%，氰化物可由吸附前的2mg/l降至0.05mg/l，远低于国家规定的指标0.5mg/l。经吸附处理达标之后的水从吸附柱的排出口11流出，排入自然环境水系，各段吸附柱均设有逆流串炭装置。新鲜活性炭从最后一段吸附柱中加入，饱和的活性炭从第一段吸附柱中定期卸出。
从第一段吸附柱中卸出的载氰、载金炭12在焚炭炉13中焚烧灰化，被活性炭吸附的氰在此过程分解成为无毒的气体排出，其反应式如下：
焚烧后所得的含金炭灰14中加入硼砂、碱、铅粉、面粉等熔剂，移至中频电炉16中进行常规的熔炼得黄金。本实施例活性炭吸附后水质检测数据如下表：（表见文后）
本方法投入工业生产以来，两年共处理废水80万立方米，回收黄金440两。
活性炭吸附前后水质检测数据表
单位：mg/I
检测项目 PH值 SS BOD5COD 氯化物 氰化物
国家标准 ＜9 500 60 100 0.5
处理前 8.88 11.0 3.78 19.0 9.0 1.17
处理后 7.34 4.0 3.27 9.5 4.0 0.05
检测项目 硫化物 锌 铅 砷 铜 汞
国家标准 1 5 1.0 1.0 1 1.05
处理前 1.9 0.75 Y 0.173 0.067 Y
处理后 1.9 0.42 Y Y Y Y
取样日期 1989年9月29日
检测单位 伊春市环保局
Claims (1)
1、一种氰化提金厂含氰尾矿水的处理方法，其特征在于经过以下步骤处理，
a、将氰化提金厂(1)排出的含氰、含金尾矿浆经尾矿输送管路(2)排入尾矿库基坝(4)内，通过稀释、生物降解、氧化、沉淀、吸附、挥发等综合作用，矿砂及大量悬浮物(5)沉于库底部，上部尾矿澄清水(6)通过坝内的溢流井(7)上的溢流孔进入溢流井内，再经与库外相通的排水管(3)流入库外的拦截水坝(8)中。
b、用泵(9)将拦截坝中的溢流水打入3～5段串联安装并装有活性泵的吸附柱(10)中，含氰、含金污水经多段吸附柱(10)，氰及金等被活性炭吸附，达标后的水从排出口(11)流出，排入环境水系，各段吸附柱均设有逆流串炭装置，新鲜活性炭从最后一段吸附柱中加入，饱和的活性炭从第一段吸附柱中定期卸出，
c、从第一段吸附柱中卸出的载氰、载金炭(12)，在焚炭炉(13)中焚烧灰化，被活性炭吸附的氰在此过程中分解成为无毒的气体排出，所得的含金炭灰(14)中定量地加入硼砂、碱、铅粉、面粉等熔剂(15)后加入中频炉(16)进行常规的熔炼提取黄金。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN90104785A CN1022423C (zh) | 1990-07-17 | 1990-07-17 | 氰化提金厂含氰尾矿水的处理方法 |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN90104785A CN1022423C (zh) | 1990-07-17 | 1990-07-17 | 氰化提金厂含氰尾矿水的处理方法 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1048566A CN1048566A (zh) | 1991-01-16 |
| CN1022423C true CN1022423C (zh) | 1993-10-13 |
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| CN90104785A Expired - Fee Related CN1022423C (zh) | 1990-07-17 | 1990-07-17 | 氰化提金厂含氰尾矿水的处理方法 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101450826B (zh) * | 2007-12-04 | 2011-07-20 | 王安理 | 含氰污水多效真空蒸发回收方法及回收装置 |
| CN102409176B (zh) * | 2011-11-10 | 2013-04-17 | 山东国大黄金股份有限公司 | 废载金活性炭综合处理的工艺 |
| CN103922519A (zh) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-16 | 红板（江西）有限公司 | 线路板行业板面带出氰化镀金液回收处理工艺 |
| CN105399237B (zh) * | 2015-11-11 | 2018-01-16 | 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司 | 含铜金矿石氰化废水处理方法 |
| CN106053194A (zh) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-10-26 | 长春黄金研究院 | 一种金吸附抽滤装置 |
| CN109136561A (zh) * | 2018-07-15 | 2019-01-04 | 长春黄金研究院有限公司 | 金精矿生物氧化提金企业氰化尾渣高压水洗回收金的方法 |
| CN112442592A (zh) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-03-05 | 桂林正翰科技开发有限责任公司 | 一种基于离子交换的从氰化贵液中提金的方法 |
| CN118461568B (zh) * | 2024-07-10 | 2024-09-20 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | 基于图像处理的泄漏检测装置及在尾矿库溢洪井中的应用 |
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