CN102235968A - Heterodyne interference-based optical fiber hydrogen sensing device and method - Google Patents
Heterodyne interference-based optical fiber hydrogen sensing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102235968A CN102235968A CN2010101593237A CN201010159323A CN102235968A CN 102235968 A CN102235968 A CN 102235968A CN 2010101593237 A CN2010101593237 A CN 2010101593237A CN 201010159323 A CN201010159323 A CN 201010159323A CN 102235968 A CN102235968 A CN 102235968A
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Abstract
本发明涉及到一种氢气传感头及其外差干涉系统和方法。根据本发明的一种氢气传感头包括：导入光纤(1)；自聚焦透镜(2)，其与所述导入光纤(1)相连；平面镜(3)，它与所述自聚焦透镜(2)的出射端面大体相互平行；钯片(4)，它与所述平面镜(3)相连。相对的自聚焦透镜端面与平面镜相互平行并在期间构成一个干涉腔体。该外差干涉系统通过向氢气传感头的导入光纤传输被调频的激光，并接收自聚焦透镜和平面镜两相对端面反射产生的干涉光，通过检测拍频信号的信号变化来确定干涉腔长变化，进而计算氢气浓度。本发明克服了现有技术中使用寿命短的问题，测量结果精度高，且成本低廉。
The invention relates to a hydrogen sensor head and its heterodyne interference system and method. A kind of hydrogen sensor head according to the present invention comprises: introducing optical fiber (1); Self-focusing lens (2), and it links to each other with described introducing optical fiber (1); Planar mirror (3), and it and described self-focusing lens (2) ) are substantially parallel to each other; the palladium sheet (4), which is connected to the plane mirror (3). The end faces of the opposite self-focusing lens and the plane mirror are parallel to each other and form an interference cavity in between. The heterodyne interference system transmits the frequency-modulated laser light to the lead-in optical fiber of the hydrogen sensor head, and receives the interference light reflected by the two opposite end faces of the self-focusing lens and the plane mirror, and determines the change of the length of the interference cavity by detecting the signal change of the beat frequency signal , and then calculate the hydrogen concentration. The invention overcomes the problem of short service life in the prior art, has high measurement result precision and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical fiber hydrogen sensing device and method based on difference interference by density of hydrogen in the accurate measurement gas of Fibre Optical Sensor.
Background technology
The Hydrogen Energy conduct is cleaned most, the application of the reproducible energy in aviation, chemical industry, New-type fuel automotive field is increasing.Therefore and hydrogen leak is to cause the immediate cause of many accidents, develops safety, hydrogen gas sensor is very necessary efficiently.Existing hydrogen gas sensor comprises galvanochemistry type, electrothermic type, semi-conductor type and optical-fiber type four classes.Wherein the optical-fiber type hydrogen sensor has following advantage: the anti-electromagnetic interference capability that (1) is good; (2) utilize optical signal detecting, need not heat or electric signal, safer; (3) suitably the light and the optical fiber of wavelength can be realized remote detection, have therefore expanded its scope of application.Yan Fa optical fiber hydrogen gas sensor in the past, all be end face or the surface that thickness is splashed to optical fiber at tens to tens microns palladium film, by hydrogen and palladium film reaction, make light intensity or the frequency in optical fiber, transmitted change and change, thereby measure the concentration of hydrogen along with density of hydrogen.But because the palladium film is thinner, come off easily after reacting repeatedly with hydrogen, serviceable life is shorter.In addition, the measuring accuracy of density of hydrogen is also relatively poor relatively, is unfavorable for business promotion.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the method for density of hydrogen in a kind of accurately measurement gas, utilize this method can improve the measuring accuracy of optical fiber hydrogen gas sensor, and the serviceable life of extended fiber hydrogen gas sensor, improved the commercial value of optical fiber hydrogen gas sensor greatly.
The technical scheme that realizes the employing of foregoing invention is:
A kind of hydrogen sensing head comprises importing optical fiber, GRIN Lens and palladium sheet.The level crossing of high reflectance is posted on described palladium sheet surface, and described importing optical fiber links to each other with GRIN Lens, relative GRIN Lens end face and level crossing is parallel to each other and during constitute one and interfere cavity.
The present invention also provides the difference interference system that uses above-mentioned hydrogen sensing head, and this system comprises:
Saw-toothed wave generator is used to export sawtooth current.
Semiconductor laser, sawtooth current injects semiconductor laser, inspires by chirped laser.
Fiber coupler receives the laser that light source sends by Transmission Fibers, and it is transferred to the hydrogen sensing head, and the interference light of accepting the generation of hydrogen sensing head is transferred to photelectric receiver with it.
Photelectric receiver is used to receive the interference light that fiber coupler transmits, and light signal is converted into electric signal.
Signal processing unit links to each other with photelectric receiver, is used for being converted into electric signal according to photelectric receiver and calculates the long variation of interference cavity, determines density of hydrogen by long variation the in described chamber.
Digital display unit links to each other with signal processing unit, is used to show sensor output.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of hydrogen sensing head, it is characterized in that comprising: imported optical fiber; A GRIN Lens, it links to each other with described importing optical fiber; A level crossing, the outgoing end face of it and described GRIN Lens is parallel to each other substantially; The palladium sheet, it links to each other with described level crossing.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, a kind of hydrogen sensor-based system that comprises above-mentioned hydrogen sensing head is provided, it is characterized in that comprising: a waveform generator is used to produce the waveform electric current; A semiconductor laser is used to produce laser; A fiber coupler, it receives the laser that described semiconductor laser sends by Transmission Fibers, and this laser is transferred to described hydrogen sensing head by going into the leaded light fibre, and receives the interference light that described hydrogen sensing head produces and this interference light is transferred to a photelectric receiver; Described hydrogen sensing head, it is placed in the density of hydrogen measurement environment; Described photelectric receiver is used to receive the described interference light that transmits from fiber coupler, and described interference light signal is converted into electric signal; Signal processor is used for being converted into electric signal according to photelectric receiver and calculates the interference cavity length variations, and determines density of hydrogen by the variation of described length.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, a kind of hydrogen method for sensing is provided, it is characterized in that comprising: incident laser is passed through to import a GRIN Lens, thereby on the outgoing end face of described GRIN Lens, provide shoot laser; Described shoot laser is shone on the level crossing, the outgoing end face of described level crossing and described GRIN Lens is parallel to each other substantially, and on described level crossing, be covered with a palladium sheet, interfere thereby the light of the light of described outgoing end face reflection of condenser lens and described flat mirror reflects is formed.
Advantage of the present invention and effect comprise: adopt the palladium sheet to replace the palladium film, can prolong the serviceable life of traditional fiber hydrogen gas sensor greatly.And the processing of hydrogen sensing head is simple, cheap, is fit to business promotion.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 has shown hydrogen sensing head according to an embodiment of the invention
Fig. 2 has shown difference interference system construction drawing according to an embodiment of the invention
Embodiment
Hydrogen sensing head and the difference interference embodiment partly that in conjunction with the accompanying drawings heterodyne interference type optical fiber hydrogen sensing device according to the present invention is reached wherein describes now.
Optical fiber sensor head in Figure 1 shows that according to one embodiment of present invention, it comprises: import optical fiber 1, GRIN Lens 2, plane mirror 3 and palladium sheet 4.Import optical fiber 1 and link to each other with GRIN Lens 2 by mechanical means, assurance light is directional light during from the end face outgoing of GRIN Lens 2.Level crossing 3 and palladium sheet 4 link to each other by solid gum.The outgoing end face and the level crossing 3 that guarantee GRIN Lens 2 by micrometric displacement adjusting bracket (not shown) are parallel to each other, and two parallel surfaces (the outgoing end face of GRIN Lens 2 and level crossing 3) and the air-gap between them form an interference cavity; Interference cavity length is between 1 to 10cm.
Fig. 2 has shown an embodiment according to heterodyne interference type optical fiber hydrogen sensing device of the present invention and method; This device comprises:
Saw-toothed wave generator 5 is used to produce sawtooth current, and its frequency is in tens KHz;
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, above-mentioned heterodyne interference type optical fiber hydrogen sensing device comprises that further a numeral shows 13, is used to show sensor output.
The principle of measuring density of hydrogen expands the back for the palladium sheet absorbs behind the hydrogen and causes the variation that interference cavity is long by level crossing 3, conversely, measures long variation of interference cavity by the interference light signal that receives and just can reflect density of hydrogen.
Adopt the palladium sheet to replace the palladium film, can prolong the serviceable life of traditional fiber hydrogen gas sensor greatly.And the processing of hydrogen sensing head is simple, cheap, is fit to business promotion.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, a kind of hydrogen method for sensing is provided, it comprises:
Incident laser is passed through to import GRIN Lens 2, thereby on the outgoing end face of described GRIN Lens 2, provide shoot laser;
Described shoot laser is shone on the level crossing 3, and level crossing 3 is parallel to each other substantially with the outgoing end face of GRIN Lens 2, and is covered with palladium sheet 4 on level crossing 3, interferes thereby the light of the light of outgoing end face reflection of condenser lens and level crossing 3 reflections is formed.
According to a further embodiment, above-mentioned hydrogen method for sensing further comprises:
Produce the waveform electric current with waveform generator 5;
Produce incident laser with semiconductor laser 6;
Receive the incident laser that semiconductor laser 6 sends with fiber coupler 8 by Transmission Fibers 7, and this incident laser is transferred to GRIN Lens 2 by going into leaded light fibre 1, and is received from the interference light that condenser lens 2 produces and this interference light is transferred to photelectric receiver 11;
With photelectric receiver 11 interference light is converted into electric signal;
With signal processor 12, be converted into electric signal according to photelectric receiver, calculate the variation of the interference cavity length that forms between the described outgoing end face of described GRIN Lens 2 and the described level crossing 3, and determine density of hydrogen by the variation of length.
According to a further embodiment, above-mentioned hydrogen method for sensing further comprises: with the output of digital indicator 13 shows signal processors 12.
According to a specific embodiment, the frequency of the waveform electric current that waveform generator 5 produces is the magnitude of tens KHz; The laser that semiconductor laser 6 sends is that centre wavelength is the laser of hundreds of nanometer scale.
Should be understood that, in above narration and explanation to just explanation but not determinate of description that the present invention carried out, and do not breaking away under the prerequisite of the present invention that limits as appended claims, can carry out various changes, distortion and/or correction the foregoing description.
Claims (10)
1. hydrogen sensing head (10) is characterized in that comprising:
Import optical fiber (1);
A GRIN Lens (2), it links to each other with described importing optical fiber (1);
A level crossing (3), the outgoing end face of it and described GRIN Lens (2) is parallel to each other substantially;
Palladium sheet (4), it links to each other with described level crossing (3).
2. hydrogen sensing head according to claim 1 is characterized in that
Importing optical fiber (1) suitably is provided with GRIN Lens (2), make and importing light that optical fiber (1) port goes out to inject GRIN Lens (2) in described outgoing end face part transmission and another part reflection, a part of light of transmission is in the surface reflection of described level crossing (3), interferes thereby the light of the light of described outgoing end face reflection of condenser lens and described level crossing (3) reflection is formed.
3. hydrogen sensing head according to claim 2 is characterized in that
Go out to inject the only laser of GRIN Lens (2) from importing optical fiber (1) port;
Be roughly directional light from the light of the described outgoing end face outgoing of described GRIN Lens (2);
Described level crossing (3) links to each other by solid gum with palladium sheet (4);
By a micrometric displacement adjusting bracket outgoing end face of described GRIN Lens (2) and described level crossing (3) are parallel to each other, form an interference cavity between described outgoing end face and the described level crossing (3));
The length of described interference cavity is between 1 to 10cm.
4. comprise as a kind of hydrogen sensor-based system of any one the described hydrogen sensing head (10) among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that comprising:
A waveform generator (5) is used to produce the waveform electric current;
A semiconductor laser (6) is used to produce laser;
A fiber coupler (8), it receives the laser that described semiconductor laser (6) sends by Transmission Fibers (7), and this laser is transferred to described hydrogen sensing head (10) by going into leaded light fibre (1), and receives the interference light that described hydrogen sensing head (10) produces and this interference light is transferred to a photelectric receiver (11);
Described hydrogen sensing head (10), it is placed in the density of hydrogen measurement environment;
Described photelectric receiver (11) is used for receiving the described interference light that transmits from fiber coupler (8), and described interference light signal is converted into electric signal;
Signal processor (12) is used for being converted into the length variations that electric signal calculates described interference cavity according to photelectric receiver, and determines density of hydrogen by the variation of described length.
5. hydrogen sensor-based system according to claim 4 is characterized in that further comprising a digital indicator (13), is used to show the output of described signal processor (12).
6. hydrogen sensor-based system according to claim 5 is characterized in that
The frequency of the described waveform electric current that described waveform generator (5) produces is the magnitude of tens KHz;
The described laser that described semiconductor laser (6) sends is that centre wavelength is the laser of hundreds of nanometer scale.
7. hydrogen method for sensing is characterized in that comprising:
Incident laser is passed through to import a GRIN Lens (2), thereby on the outgoing end face of described GRIN Lens (2), provide shoot laser;
Described shoot laser is shone on the level crossing (3), described level crossing (3) is parallel to each other substantially with the outgoing end face of described GRIN Lens (2), and on described level crossing (3), be covered with a palladium sheet (4), interfere thereby the light of the light of described outgoing end face reflection of condenser lens and described level crossing (3) reflection is formed.
8. method according to claim 7 is characterized in that comprising:
Produce the waveform electric current with a waveform generator (5);
Produce described incident laser with a semiconductor laser (6);
Receive the described incident laser that described semiconductor laser (6) sends with a fiber coupler (8) by Transmission Fibers (7), and this incident laser is transferred to described GRIN Lens (2) by going into leaded light fibre (1), and receives the interference light that described GRIN Lens (2) produces and this interference light is transferred to a photelectric receiver (11);
Described hydrogen sensing head (10) is placed the density of hydrogen measurement environment;
With described photelectric receiver (11) described interference light is converted into electric signal;
With a signal processor (12), be converted into electric signal according to photelectric receiver, calculate the length variations of the interference cavity that forms between the described outgoing end face of described GRIN Lens (2) and the described level crossing (3), and determine density of hydrogen by described length variations.
9. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that further comprising
Show the output of described signal processor (12) with a digital indicator (13).
10. method according to claim 9 is characterized in that
The frequency of the described waveform electric current that described waveform generator (5) produces is the magnitude of tens KHz;
The described laser that described semiconductor laser (6) sends is that centre wavelength is the laser of hundreds of nanometer scale.
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| CN2010101593237A CN102235968A (en) | 2010-04-27 | 2010-04-27 | Heterodyne interference-based optical fiber hydrogen sensing device and method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102778443A (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2012-11-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | Hydrogen concentration detecting device |
| CN103940780A (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2014-07-23 | 武汉纺织大学 | Optical fiber hydrogen sensor |
| CN104094102A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2014-10-08 | 法国国家放射性废物管理局 | Device for detecting and/or quantifying hydrogen and method for detecting and/or quantifying hydrogen |
| CN106198729A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-12-07 | 南京大学 | A kind of sound Lamb wave self focusing light interferential scanning detection system |
| CN111854923A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-30 | 重庆邮电大学 | Acoustic measurement system, cantilever beam optical fiber acoustic sensor demodulation system and method |
| WO2024077503A1 (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2024-04-18 | 广东感芯激光科技有限公司 | Interferometer absolute-displacement demodulation system and method using gas absorption spectrum as reference |
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| CN1095536C (en) * | 1999-08-20 | 2002-12-04 | 清华大学 | Instrument for measuring shift and vibration of object by polarized light interference of optical fibre |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104094102A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2014-10-08 | 法国国家放射性废物管理局 | Device for detecting and/or quantifying hydrogen and method for detecting and/or quantifying hydrogen |
| CN102778443A (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2012-11-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | Hydrogen concentration detecting device |
| CN102778443B (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2014-08-20 | 北京航空航天大学 | Hydrogen concentration detecting device |
| CN103940780A (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2014-07-23 | 武汉纺织大学 | Optical fiber hydrogen sensor |
| CN103940780B (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2016-07-06 | 武汉纺织大学 | Optical Fider Hybrogen Sensor and preparation method thereof |
| CN106198729A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-12-07 | 南京大学 | A kind of sound Lamb wave self focusing light interferential scanning detection system |
| CN106198729B (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2019-04-19 | 南京大学 | An acoustic plate wave self-focusing optical interference scanning detection system |
| CN111854923A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-30 | 重庆邮电大学 | Acoustic measurement system, cantilever beam optical fiber acoustic sensor demodulation system and method |
| CN111854923B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-05-24 | 重庆邮电大学 | Acoustic wave measurement system, cantilever beam type optical fiber acoustic wave sensor demodulation system and method |
| WO2024077503A1 (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2024-04-18 | 广东感芯激光科技有限公司 | Interferometer absolute-displacement demodulation system and method using gas absorption spectrum as reference |
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Application publication date: 20111109 |