CN102221337B - Oil film thickness inversion device of ship borne microwave scatterometer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for retrieving oil film thickness with a ship-borne microwave scatterometer, comprising: a microwave scatter transmitter, a microwave scatter receiver and a network instrument; of scattered light. The microwave scattering receiver receives the scattered light of the target object, and the obtained scattered light is finally transmitted to the network instrument. The network instrument is an important device for microwave radio frequency circuit testing. The microwave scattering curve can be obtained through the analysis of the network instrument, and the oil film thickness can be inverted by using the microwave scattering curve and the scattering electromagnetic model. Installing the movable window and the sliding rail type bracket on the ship can operate the whole device more conveniently and flexibly. Microwave scatterometers can be used in all-day and all-weather marine oil spill detection. The on-board microwave scatterometer is convenient and flexible for oil spill monitoring, and the microwave scatterometer is more accurate in inversion of oil film thickness.

Description

Shipborne Microwave Scatterometer Retrieval Device for Oil Film Thickness

technical field

The invention relates to a device for retrieving the thickness of an oil film, in particular to a device for retrieving the thickness of an oil film with a ship-borne microwave scatterometer, which is used for measuring the thickness of the oil film of an oil spill on the sea.

Background technique

At present, the methods and means commonly used to monitor marine oil spills are satellite spacecraft, remote sensing monitoring aircraft and ocean patrol ships, but the remote sensing data received directly from satellites and aircraft contain a large amount of information, and are affected by objective conditions such as weather Lots of jamming signals.

Active microwave remote sensing is of great significance in offshore oil pollution monitoring, because it not only has the advantages of all-day and all-weather observation, but more importantly, microwave remote sensing can be used to quantitatively invert oil film thickness. In order to measure the amount of oil spilled, it is first necessary to measure and calculate the thickness of the oil film on the sea surface. At present, microwave scatterometers are mainly used to retrieve information such as wind speed and wind direction. Microwave scatterometers have not been used to measure the thickness of oil spills at home and abroad. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a device that can use microwave scatterometer to measure oil film thickness for inversion.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the present invention develops a microwave scatterometer to measure the oil film thickness, which can be mounted on ships and is easy to install and use.

The technical means adopted in the present invention are as follows:

A device for retrieving oil film thickness with a ship-borne microwave scatterometer, including a microwave scatter transmitter, a microwave scatter receiver, a network instrument, a slide rail, and a slide rail bracket, characterized in that the microwave scatter transmitter is modulated to an appropriate angle The surface of the quasi-target object emits microwaves of different frequencies, and the microwave irradiates the surface of the target object to produce scattered light at various scattering angles; the microwave scattering receiver is modulated to an appropriate angle to receive the scattered light scattered by the target object; the network instrument is set on the microwave scattering receiver At the rear of the observation end, the network instrument is used to analyze the scattered light received by the microwave scattering receiver, through the digital signal processor and ADS software to analyze the spectral characteristics, invert the scattering spectrum curve, and use the scattering spectrum curve and the scattering electromagnetic model to reflect The thickness of the oil film is measured; the microwave scattering transmitter, the microwave scattering receiver and the network instrument are fixed on the slide rail; the slide rail bracket corresponding to the slide rail is fixed on the ship carrier.

The microwave scattering transmitter has a built-in power controller, an angle regulator, a polarization converter and a transmitting antenna; the power controller is used to adjust the pulse power transmitted by the network instrument according to the height of the ship-borne platform and the oil film target, In order to ensure the accuracy of the measurement; the angle regulator is used to adjust the incident angle of the microwave scattering transmitter according to the needs; the polarization converter is used to adjust the polarization mode of the microwave scattering transmitter according to the needs; the transmitting antenna is used to emit microwaves energy.

The microwave scattering receiver has a built-in power amplifier, a mixer, a directional coupler, a calibrator, a polarization converter and a receiving antenna; the power amplifier is used to amplify the calibration signal at a microwave frequency; the mixer is used to It is used for mixing the signal received by the receiving antenna and the local oscillator signal; the directional coupler is used to separate the scattered signal and the incident signal of other interfering objects; the calibrator is used to eliminate the power emitted by the network instrument and the unstable gain of the receiving antenna. The influence brought by the measurement accuracy; the polarization converter is used to adjust the polarization mode of the microwave scattering receiver according to the needs; the receiving antenna is used to receive the scattered energy of the oil film target.

The network instrument has a built-in pulse generator, pulse modulator, signal converter, digital signal processor, ADS software and LCD display; the pulse generator and pulse regulator can provide single-tone pulse modulation signals and dual-tone synchronous pulse modulation signals , the excitation signal in the test is output at point frequency and sweep frequency; the signal converter is used to convert the obtained analog signal into a digital signal; the digital signal processor is used to extract the amplitude information and phase of the network under test from the digital signal Information; ADS software, used to complete the index planning, schematic design, parameter simulation, parameter optimization, and layout generation functions of the microwave radio frequency unit circuit; LCD display, used to display the generated microwave scattering curve.

The invention patent has the following advantages:

1. An active microwave remote sensor that can perform all-day and all-weather remote sensing measurements;

2. The wavelength of electromagnetic waves in the microwave band is longer (1mm-30cm), which has strong transmission ability and can penetrate clouds, rain and fog;

3. The microwave scatterometer extracts target information by transmitting microwave pulses to the sea surface and receiving scattered microwave energy. Since the water body and oil film absorb much less electromagnetic waves in the microwave band than in the infrared region, it is very beneficial to measure the thickness of the oil film on the sea surface with a scatterometer;

4. Unlike optical sensors, microwaves can penetrate darkness, clouds, dust, and fog, so it can work in any weather conditions.

Description of drawings

The present invention has 2 accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the structure of the present invention.

Among them, 1. Microwave scattering transmitter, 2. Microwave scattering receiver, 3. Network instrument, 4. Pulse generator, 5. Pulse modulator, 6. Signal converter, 7. Word signal processor, 8. ADS software , 9, LCD display, 10, power controller, 11, angle regulator, 12, polarization converter, 13, transmitting antenna, 14, power amplifier, 15, mixer, 16, directional coupler, 17, calibration Device, 18, polarization converter, 19, receiving antenna, 20, slide rail, 21, slide rail bracket.

Detailed ways

The microwave scatterometer inversion oil film thickness device shown in Fig. 1, 2 comprises the microwave scatter emitter 1 that is used for transmitting microwave pulse to the surface of the target object, the microwave scatter receiver 2 that is used to receive the scattered light of the target object surface, and A network instrument 3 for analyzing the scattered light received by the microwave scatter receiver 2 . After the network instrument 3 receives the scattered light, the digital signal processor 7 and the ADS software 8 are used to jointly analyze the spectral characteristics and invert the scattering spectral curve. Inversion of oil film thickness using scattering spectrum curve and scattering electromagnetic model.

When the ship travels to the oil spill site, the slide rail support 21 is fixed to the hull, and the instrument is moved to the outside of the hull through the slide rail 20 for measurement. Turn on the microwave scatter transmitter 1, the microwave scatter receiver 2 and the network instrument 3. The network instrument 3 is operated, and the microwave pulses with a frequency of 18GHZ-40GHZ are transmitted to the microwave scattering transmitter 1 through the joint action of its internal pulse generator 4 and pulse regulator 5 . The transmitted pulse energy is modulated by the power controller 10 according to the height of the equipment and the oil film target object, and the pulse power of the microwave scattering transmitter 1 is thus guaranteed to ensure the accuracy of the measurement. Through the angle adjuster 11 and the polarization converter 12, the transmitting antenna 13 is controlled to emit microwave energy with a certain incident angle and polarization according to the characteristics of the oil film. The microwave irradiates the oil film target to generate scattered microwave energy at various angles, and part of the energy is received by the microwave scattering receiver 2 and controlled by the polarization converter 18 (including horizontal polarization reception and vertical polarization reception). The received signal is calibrated by the calibrator 17 to eliminate the influence of the power transmitted by the network instrument 3 and the unstable gain of the receiving antenna 19 on the measurement accuracy. The scattered signal and the incident signal of other interferers are then separated by a directional coupler 16 . The signal received by the receiving antenna 19 is mixed with the oscillation signal of the instrument itself through the mixer 15 . The calibration signal is amplified at microwave frequencies by a power amplifier 14 . The obtained analog signal is converted into a digital signal by the signal converter 6 built in the network instrument 3 . The amplitude information and phase information of the network under test are extracted from the obtained digital signal through the digital signal processor 7 . The scattering spectrum curve of the oil film is drawn by the ADS software 8, and finally the curve is displayed by the LCD display 9.

Claims (4)

1. A ship-borne microwave scatterometer inversion device for oil film thickness, including a microwave scatter transmitter (1), a microwave scatter receiver (2), a network instrument (3), a slide rail (20), and a slide rail bracket (21) , characterized in that the microwave scattering transmitter (1) is modulated to an appropriate angle and aimed at the surface of the target object to emit microwaves of different frequencies, and the microwave is irradiated on the surface of the target object to generate scattered light at various scattering angles; the microwave scattering receiver (2 ), modulated to an appropriate angle to receive the scattered light scattered by the target object; the network instrument (3) is arranged at the rear of the observation end of the microwave scattering receiver (2), and the network instrument (3) is used to analyze the light passing through the microwave scattering receiver (2). ) received scattered light, through the digital signal processor (7) and ADS software (8) to carry out the spectral characteristic analysis together, invert the scattering spectrum curve, use the scattering spectrum curve and the scattering electromagnetic model to invert the oil film thickness; the microwave scattering transmitter ( 1), the microwave scattering receiver (2) and the network instrument (3) are fixed on the slide rail (20); the slide rail bracket (21) corresponding to the slide rail (20) is fixed on the ship carrier. 2. A kind of ship-borne microwave scatterometer inversion oil film thickness device according to claim 1, is characterized in that described microwave scatter transmitter (1) is built-in power controller (10), angle regulator (11) , a polarization converter (12) and a transmitting antenna (13); a power controller (10), which is used to adjust the pulse power transmitted by the network instrument (3) according to the height of the ship-borne platform and the oil film target, so as to ensure the accuracy of the measurement Accuracy; angle regulator (11), used to adjust the incident angle of the microwave scattering transmitter (1) as required; polarization converter (12), used to adjust the polarization mode of the microwave scattering transmitter (1) as required ; The transmitting antenna (13) is used to transmit microwave energy. 3. a kind of shipborne microwave scatterometer inversion oil film thickness device according to claim 1, is characterized in that described microwave scatter receiver (2) is built-in power amplifier (14), frequency mixer (15), Directional coupler (16), calibrator (17), polarization converter (18) and receiving antenna (19); power amplifier (14), used to amplify calibration signal at microwave frequency; mixer (15) , used for mixing the signal received by the receiving antenna (19) and the local oscillator signal; the directional coupler (16), used to separate the incident signal of the scattering signal and other interfering objects; the calibrator (17), used to eliminate the The impact of the power transmitted by the instrument (3) and the gain instability of the receiving antenna (19) on the measurement accuracy; the polarization converter (18) is used to adjust the polarization mode of the microwave scattering receiver (2) as required; The antenna (19) is used to receive the scattered energy of the oil film target. 4. A kind of ship-borne microwave scatterometer inversion oil film thickness device according to claim 1, is characterized in that described network instrument (3) built-in pulse generator (4), pulse modulator (5), signal conversion device (6), digital signal processor (7), ADS software (8) and LCD display (9); pulse generator (4) and pulse modulator (5) can provide single-tone pulse modulation signal and dual-tone synchronous pulse Modulation signal, the excitation signal in the test is output at point frequency and sweep frequency; signal converter (6), used to convert the obtained analog signal into a digital signal; digital signal processor (7), used to extract from the digital signal Amplitude information and phase information of the network under test; ADS software (8), used to complete the index planning, schematic diagram design, parameter simulation, parameter optimization, and layout generation functions of the microwave radio frequency unit circuit; LCD display (9), used to display Generated microwave scattering curves.

Images