CN102192076A - Oscillating floater type ocean wave generating set - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an oscillating buoy type ocean wave power generation device, which comprises: an oscillating floating body, a vibration mechanism placed inside the oscillating floating body, a mechanical transmission mechanism and a generator; the vibration mechanism is composed of a slider, a spring and a guide rod. The upper end of the guide rod and the spring are fixed on the oscillating floating body, the lower end of the spring is fixed on the upper end surface of the slider, the slider runs through the guide rod and makes a reciprocating linear motion along the guide rod, and the lower end surface of the slider is fixed on the mechanical A transmission mechanism, the mechanical transmission mechanism drives the generator to generate electricity. The device of the present invention adopts a fully enclosed structure, adopts multiple motion control, realizes the best capture of wave energy through the resonance of the slider and the spring, and further improves the power generation efficiency.

Description

Oscillating float type ocean wave power generation device

technical field

The invention relates to the field of renewable energy power generation, in particular to an oscillating buoy type ocean wave power generation device.

Background technique

The total area of the ocean accounts for about 71% of the total area of the world. Most of the heat energy from the sun is absorbed and stored by seawater. The ocean is the largest solar collector, and the ocean energy reserves in seawater are huge. The development of marine power generation technology is conducive to improving my country's energy structure, and is of great significance to energy conservation and emission reduction and the sustainable and harmonious development of our society.

In 2010, my country officially launched the compilation of national island protection and development planning. "Compared with the overall economic level of the booming coastal areas, the development and construction of coastal islands is far behind, and is basically in a difficult initial stage. In response to the problems in the development of islands, the state will take a series of measures, from the policy level and the legal level At the technical level, accelerate the protection, management, development, and construction of islands. Due to the influence of geographical location, natural environment and other factors, islands generally lack fresh water in terms of production and living conditions, and infrastructure such as transportation, communication, and electricity is backward. The development of marine energy power generation technology according to local conditions is conducive to the local solution of power supply in special geographical locations such as coastal areas and islands, and can also provide power energy for some special monitoring equipment.

my country's ocean energy resources are very rich, and the prospects for development and utilization are broad. The country's mainland coastline is more than 18,000 kilometers long; there are more than 6,000 islands with a coastline of more than 14,000 kilometers; the entire sea area is 4.9 million square kilometers. It is located in the low-latitude South China Sea, with a sea area of 3.6 million square kilometers. The amount of fresh water flowing into the sea is about 2.3 trillion cubic meters per year. If my country's ocean energy resources are converted into a useful power value, it can reach at least 150 million kilowatts, which is equivalent to more than twice the current total installed power capacity of our country.

The key to the current wave power generation technology is to improve the efficiency of wave power generation and the service life of the device.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a marine wave power generation device for the deficiencies of the prior art. The present invention adopts a fully enclosed structure, adopts multiple motion controls, and realizes the maximum wave energy through the mass-controllable slider and the resonance of the spring. Optimum capture, thereby improving power generation efficiency.

The technical scheme adopted to realize the object of the present invention comprises:

An oscillating buoy type ocean wave power generation device, the device includes: an oscillating floating body and a vibration mechanism placed inside the oscillating floating body, a mechanical transmission mechanism and a generator; the vibration mechanism is composed of a slider, a spring and a guide rod, and the guide Both the upper end of the rod and the spring are fixed on the oscillating floating body, the lower end of the spring is fixed on the upper end surface of the slider, the slider runs through the guide rod and makes a reciprocating linear motion along the guide rod, and the lower end surface of the slider is fixed with a mechanical transmission mechanism , the mechanical transmission mechanism drives the generator to generate electricity.

The device also includes a controller for controlling the output power of the generator and the mass of the slider.

The control of the output power of the generator is realized by adjusting the on-off duty ratio of the switch of the controllable rectifier bridge, and the on-off duty ratio of the switch is accurately controlled through PWM modulation; the power optimization control is achieved through automatic search The best output current is achieved. The specific adjustment process is: keep the output voltage of the rectifier bridge constant, detect the output power P and output current I of the rectifier bridge, and change the output current to I+ΔI by adjusting the on-off duty ratio of the switch tube. , at this time the output power is changed to P+ΔP, compare P+ΔP>P, if it is true, continue to increase the output current in the same direction, and compare again, the process is cyclic; if the comparison P+ΔP>P is not true, then change the output current in the opposite direction , and then compare the output power, and the process loops; in the process, the output current and output power are detected by the sensor, and then sent to the controller, the controller performs power comparison, and changes the PWM output waveform to control the on-off of the rectifier bridge. duty cycle, thereby changing the output current.

A cavity is opened inside the slider, and the cavity is connected with a water pump, and the water pump is connected with a controller and a one-way valve.

The quality adjustment of the slider is realized through the control of the water pump and the one-way valve, and the slider has a cavity for storing sea water, thereby changing the quality of the slider. The specific adjustment process is: detect the wave amplitude and frequency, input the detection results to the controller, calculate the slider mass corresponding to the working state of the vibration mechanism, and adjust the slider mass by the controller. When the slider mass is required to increase, The controller opens the one-way valve, and injects seawater into the cavity of the slider through the water pipe and relying on the gravity of the seawater; and when it is required to reduce the mass of the slider, the controller controls the water pump to pump the seawater out of the cavity of the slider.

The mechanical transmission mechanism is composed of a rack, a first pawl ratchet, a second pawl ratchet, a first drive gear, a second drive gear, a first transmission shaft and a second transmission shaft, and the upper end of the rack is fixed on The lower end surface of the above-mentioned slider, the rack simultaneously drives the first drive gear and the second drive gear that mesh with each other, and then drives the first pawl ratchet and the second ratchet through the first drive shaft and the second drive shaft respectively. The pawl ratchet, the first pawl ratchet is installed in the same direction as the second pawl ratchet, and meshes with its outer ring gear. The second pawl ratchet drives the generator to accelerate the rotation gear, and drives the generator to generate electricity through the transmission shaft.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

(1) The present invention adopts the fully enclosed structure of the oscillating floating body to avoid direct contact between the generator and the mechanical transmission mechanism and the seawater, and improve the service life of the device. Reduce the vibration amplitude of the slider to protect the device.

(2) The present invention makes the vibration in the vibrating mechanism deviate from the resonance state with the sea waves by adjusting the quality of the slider and the output power of the generator, so as to improve the safety of the wave power generation device under extremely severe weather conditions, and by improving the Vibration amplitude or speed, thereby improving the efficiency of wave energy absorption, is also conducive to improving the efficiency of generators.

(3) The adjustment of the output power of the generator of the present invention is realized through the controllable rectification mode controlled by the PWM controller, so as to quickly adjust the damping of the vibration mechanism, thereby quickly realizing the resonance operation of the slider and the spring, and the realization of the power electronic technology is directly ,Simple.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the working principle of the device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the oscillating floating body in the device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of vibration mechanism in the device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the mass adjustment of the slider of the vibrating mechanism in the device of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of mechanical transmission mechanism in the device of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of pawl and ratchet in the device of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the two driving gears and the rack in the device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and the process parameters not specifically indicated can be carried out with reference to conventional techniques.

The flow chart of the working principle of the device of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the wave kinetic energy acting on the oscillating floating body can pass through the vibrating mechanism to convert the kinetic energy into the mechanical energy of the reciprocating linear motion of the slider in the vibrating mechanism, and connect it under the slider The rack on the end surface transmits the mechanical energy of the reciprocating linear motion to the mechanical transmission mechanism. The driving gear and pawl and ratchet system in the mechanical transmission mechanism convert the mechanical energy of the linear motion into rotational mechanical energy in one direction, and increase the rotational speed to drive the low-speed The permanent magnet synchronous generator generates electricity. The AC power generated by the generator is sent to the PWM controller through the connecting cable. After rectification and voltage control by the rectifier bridge controlled by the PWM controller, it can supply power to the electrical equipment, and can also supply power to the battery. For charging, the PWM controller can also adjust the switch tube of the rectifier bridge through PWM to realize the adjustment of the output power of the generator according to the influence of the floating body by waves, the absorption of wave energy by the vibration mechanism, the output power of the generator and the output power of the rectifier bridge, etc. , and then adjust the damping of the vibration mechanism to realize the resonance operation of the vibration mechanism. Another adjustment measure is to change the quality of the slider. There is a cavity inside the slider. The quality of the slider can be changed by injecting or pumping out seawater. Among them Seawater is injected into the slide block by gravity injection of seawater and the injection volume is controlled by a one-way valve, while the extraction of seawater is realized by a water pump controlled by the controller, and both the one-way valve and the water pump are controlled by the controller.

Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the oscillating floating body of the device of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, the oscillating floating body 1 is a fully enclosed structure, and its shape is two butted cylinders. In the vibration mechanism 2, the mechanical transmission mechanism 3 and the generator 4 are all installed on In the vibrating cabin 8 of the oscillating floating body 1 , the storage battery 5 , the controller 6 and the electrical equipment 9 are all installed in the equipment cabin 7 of the oscillating floating body 1 .

The structure diagram of the vibration mechanism of the device of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, the vibration mechanism 2 is all installed in the vibration cabin 8 of the oscillating floating body 1, the upper ends of the guide rod 24 and the spring 21 are all fixed on the oscillating floating body 1, and the lower end of the spring 21 is fixed. On the upper end surface of the slide block 22 , the slide block 22 runs through the guide rod and makes reciprocating linear motion along the guide rod, and the lower end surface of the slide block 22 is fixed with a rack 23 .

As shown in FIG. 4 , the controller 6 adjusts the quality of water stored in the slider cavity 12 through the water pump 14 and the one-way valve 13 , thereby adjusting the quality of the slider 22 , wherein the one-way valve is connected to the water pump through the hose 11 . When water is poured into the cavity 12, the controller 6 opens the one-way valve 13 to automatically inject seawater by gravity;

The structure diagram of the mechanical transmission mechanism of the device of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, the mechanical transmission mechanism 3 consists of a rack 23, a first pawl ratchet wheel 33, a second pawl ratchet wheel 36, a first drive gear 31, a second drive gear 34, The first transmission shaft 32 and the second transmission shaft 35 are composed, the upper end of the rack 23 is fixed on the lower end surface of the slider 22, the rack 23 drives the first drive gear 31, and then drives the first drive gear 31 through the first transmission shaft 32. A ratchet ratchet 33, the rack 23 drives the second drive gear 34 at the same time, and then drives the second ratchet ratchet 36 through the second transmission shaft 35, and the second ratchet ratchet 36 drives the generator to accelerate the rotation gear 37 at the same time. The rotating drive shaft 38 drives the generator 39 to generate electricity, wherein the rack 23 meshes with the first drive gear 31 and the second drive gear 34 simultaneously, as shown in Figure 7, the first pawl ratchet 33 is in the same direction as the second pawl ratchet 36 Installed, and its outer ring gear meshes, the second ratchet ratchet 36 meshes with the outer ring gear of the generator acceleration rotation gear, and each set of gear-pawl ratchet wheel-gear mechanism only transmits the motion of one direction, at this moment the other The sleeve is slipping and idling, and two sets of gear-pawl ratchet-gear mechanism are used to convert the reciprocating linear motion of the rack into a single-direction rotational operation to improve the efficiency of mechanical energy transmission and conversion.

The structure diagram of the first ratchet ratchet 33 and the second ratchet ratchet 36, as shown in Figure 6, the outer ring of the hollow sleeve 331 is a gear structure, the ratchet 332 and the drive shaft 333 rotate synchronously through the cooperation of keys and grooves, the ratchet The pawl 334 is installed on the hollow sleeve 331, and only transmits motion in one direction (clockwise), while slipping and idling when running in the other direction (counterclockwise).

The following describes the generator power control mechanism:

From the analysis of the dynamic differential motion mechanism of the float spring damping system, the wave drives the float to do approximate simple harmonic motion, and the float drives the slider flexibly through the spring. According to Newton's second law of motion, the vertical motion differential equation of the slider is:

In the formula: m is the mass of the slider

x is the absolute displacement of the slider

y is the absolute displacement of the float

k is the spring coefficient

c is the damping coefficient converted from the electromagnetic resistance torque of the generator to the slider, which is a nonlinear function of the moving speed of the slider.

其中k_m为调节参数常数。T _m is the electromagnetic torque of the generator, and T _m is much greater than the mechanical damping force adopt appropriate control strategies to

Among them, k _m is the adjustment parameter constant.

Assume that the running law of the wave at a certain moment is:

Considering that the wave period that is often encountered along the coast of my country is basically 1.4s to 4s, assuming that the buoyancy on the float is large enough, the float also moves according to the wave operation law, namely:

Then the slider motion equation is:

The above motion equation is a forced motion driven by changes in the wave period and amplitude. Adjusting the _km can adjust the vibration damping of the slider-spring vibration mechanism to make it enter the resonance state.

The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, Simplifications should be equivalent replacement methods, and all are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. An oscillating buoy type ocean wave power generation device is characterized in that the device comprises: an oscillating floating body and a vibrating mechanism, a mechanical transmission mechanism and a generator placed inside the oscillating floating body; the vibrating mechanism consists of a slide block, a spring and a guide The upper end of the guide rod and the spring is fixed on the oscillating floating body, the lower end of the spring is fixed on the upper surface of the slider, the slider runs through the guide rod and makes a reciprocating linear motion along the guide rod, and the lower end of the slider A mechanical transmission mechanism is fixed on the end surface, and the mechanical transmission mechanism drives the generator to generate electricity. 2. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a controller for controlling the output power of the generator and the mass of the slider. 3. The device according to claim 2, wherein a cavity is opened inside the slider, and the cavity is connected to a water pump, and the water pump is connected to a controller and a one-way valve. 4. The device according to claim 3, wherein the mechanical transmission mechanism consists of a rack, a first pawl ratchet, a second pawl ratchet, a first drive gear, a second drive gear, a first drive shaft Composed of the second transmission shaft, the upper end of the rack is fixed on the lower end surface of the slider, and the rack simultaneously drives the first drive gear and the second drive gear that mesh with each other, and then drives the first drive gear and the second drive gear respectively through the first drive shaft. Two transmission shafts, respectively drive the first pawl ratchet and the second pawl ratchet, the first pawl ratchet is installed in the same direction as the second pawl ratchet, and meshes with its outer ring gear, and the second pawl ratchet drives The generator speeds up the rotating gears, and the drive shaft drives the generator to generate electricity.

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