CN102188711A - Method for preparing medicine-encapsulating lipoid particles - Google Patents
Method for preparing medicine-encapsulating lipoid particles Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing medicine-encapsulating lipoid particles, which comprises the following steps of: preparing medicinal solid dispersoid, and dispersing the medicinal solid dispersoid and a film-forming material of the lipoid particles in organic solvent uniformly to prepare the medicine-encapsulating lipoid particles, so that medicines are encapsulated in the lipoid particles uniformly, the envelop rate of the medicines is improved, and the burst effect of the medicine-encapsulating lipoid particles is reduced. The medicine-encapsulating lipoid particles are suitable for encapsulating various medicines, and are wide in range of applicable formulations.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to the pharmaceutical preparation field, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of wrapping medicine carrying thing lipoid particulates.
[background technology]
Lipoid particulates is by the lipoid plastid derivation.Lipoid plastid also claims vesicle (niosomes), mean the new drug carrier unilamellar vesicle of the single or multiple lift of making for the capsule material with lipid materials such as nonionic surfactant, be characterized in that stability is higher than liposome, can overcome the toxicity that liposome brings because of phospholipid oxidation, thereby become the transmission system of up-and-coming newtype drug.
Lipoid plastid is used to wrap up medicine, can reduce or remit or reduce the influence of environmental factors to medicine, prolong medicine effective acting time in vivo, improve medicine effective bioavailability in vivo, and can reduce the toxic and side effects of medicine, be particularly useful for the targeted therapy of bioactive macromole medicine of tool and thermally labile medicine.
In recent years along with the developing rapidly of lipid materials, lipoid plastid has developed into lipoid particulates, and its scope is not limited only to the lipoid vesicle (being the lipoid plastid of narrow sense) of liquid core, and it is the class lipoid microsphere of core that colloid is also arranged, and also having gas is the lipoid cavity of core.And as required, lipoid particulates particle diameter can be defined in micron order or nanoscale, especially nanoscale lipoid particulates at target controlling and releasing, strengthen medicine stability, improve aspects such as drug loading, mass production and sterilization and have significantly advantage.
At present directly with lipoid particulates bag medicine carrying thing, particularly during water soluble medicament-entrapping, envelop rate is lower usually.Owing to medicine polarity reason, cause medicine skewness in lipoid particulates in addition, burst effect is obvious, can not satisfy pharmacopeia and stipulate accordingly.And be that to improve the technical operation that the water soluble drug envelop rate adopts comparatively loaded down with trivial details, poor reproducibility is difficult to the industrial mass preparation.
The notion of solid dispersion is the earliest in propositions such as Sekiguchi in 1961.The effect characteristics of solid dispersion: the dissolubility and the dissolution rate that 1. increase insoluble drug: after insoluble drug was made solid dispersion, medicine was dispersed in the carrier with molecule, colloid, unformed or microcrystalline state, and specific surface area increases, and dissolution rate is accelerated.2. delay drug release rate: solid dispersions technique has been applied in the product development of slow releasing preparation, by selecting suitable carrier material for use, can obtain the slow-release solid dispersion of different drug release rates.3. improve the bioavailability of insoluble drug: insoluble drug is difficult for being absorbed by body, in clinical practice, be subjected to certain limitation, adopted solid dispersions technique, can make insoluble drug reach the high degree of dispersion homogeneous state, thereby guarantee the absorption and the utilization of its preparation, improve bioavailability.4. improve stability of drug: labile drug can increase stability after making solid dispersion, makes the quality of preparation be easy to control, and can reduce cost.
At present, be to be applied in the solid orally ingestible more than the solid dispersions technique, do not see the report that applies it in the particulate carrier technology of preparing.
[summary of the invention]
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is at the weak point of existing preparation bag medicine carrying thing lipoid particulates, and a solution is provided.
We find that in the lipoid particulates of preparation bag medicine carrying thing is tested because the medicine polarity difference is big, medicine is difficult to evenly wrap be stated from the lipoid particulates.When water soluble drug is made lipoid particulates, because of drug distribution in the lipoid particulates surface, be easy to generate burst effect; But when fat-soluble medicine was made lipoid particulates, because of medicine is embedded in lipoid particulates inside fully, medicine was difficult to discharge, thereby did not reach the release concentration of regulation.But some amphipathy macromolecule materials such as Polyethylene Glycol, poloxamer, polyvidone etc. are arranged,, and be easy to be scattered in water, middle polarity even the weakly polar organic solvent with lipoid particulates affinity height.Therefore we at first prepare medicine solid dispersion, medicine solid dispersion and lipoid particulates filmogen are dispersed in to prepare medicament-carrying lipoid particulates in the organic solvent then.Found that entrapment efficiency improves, burst effect reduces.
Through test of many times, for improving the preparation method of lipoid particulates bag medicine carrying thing, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
A kind of preparation method of wrapping medicine carrying thing lipoid particulates of the present invention, be that medicine is scattered in the amphipathy macromolecule material system of dissolving or molten condition, rapid cooling is handled and is obtained medicine solid dispersion, then medicine solid dispersion and lipoid particulates filmogen are dispersed in the organic facies system, according to the lipoid particulates preparation method, make the lipoid particulates of bag medicine carrying thing, realize that the even bag of medicine is loaded in lipoid particulates, improve the envelop rate of medicine, reduce the burst effect of bag medicine carrying thing lipoid particulates at lipoid particulates.
Above-mentioned medicine is meant middle pharmaceutically active ingredient, chemicals, aminoacid, polypeptide or the protein drug of performance prevention, treatment, health care, cleaning, beautification function.
Above-mentioned amphipathy macromolecule material is meant natural macromolecular material, semi-synthetic macromolecular material and the synthesized polymer material of pharmaceutically generally acknowledging, comprises polyvidone, Polyethylene Glycol, poloxamer and polyvinyl alcohol.
Above-mentioned lipoid particulates filmogen comprises lipoid composition and surfactant, the lipoid composition is selected from generally acknowledges the lipoids composition in the pharmacy, comprise alcohol and esters, cholesterol and derivant thereof, sitosterol and derivant thereof, cholic acid and the derivant thereof of stearic acid and esters thereof, polylactic acid and esters thereof, 12～30 carbon, surfactant comprises: tween series, span series, oleic acid, glycerol, propylene glycol.
Above-mentioned organic facies is meant alcohol, ketone, ester, ether and the alkyl halide of carbon number 10 with interior straight chain, side chain, comprises ethanol, the tert-butyl alcohol, acetone, ethyl acetate, ether, petroleum ether, chloroform, dichloromethane.
Can contain the known surfactant of pharmacy, polyhydric alcohol or saccharide, macromolecular scaffold proppant, antioxidant, stabilizing agent, pH regulator agent in the above-mentioned organic facies system.
The lipoid particulates particle diameter of above-mentioned bag medicine carrying thing can be micron order or nanoscale.
The lipoid particulates of above-mentioned bag medicine carrying thing can further be removed lipid fragment and unnecessary salt ion by dialysis, processing method centrifugal, chromatography.
Above-mentioned bag medicine carrying thing lipoid particulates can further be processed, and forms the raw material of oral, mucosa, injection, percutaneous drug delivery preparation, makes the concrete preparation of performance prevention, treatment, health care, cleaning, beautification function.
The preparation method of above-mentioned bag medicine carrying thing lipoid particulates has the following advantages:
1. the preparation method of bag medicine carrying thing lipoid particulates of the present invention improves the envelop rate of medicine at lipoid particulates, obviously reduces the seepage of bag medicine carrying thing.
2. the preparation method of bag medicine carrying thing lipoid particulates of the present invention reduces the burst effect of bag medicine carrying thing lipoid particulates, improves the release behavior of medicine, helps obtaining the medicament-carrying lipoid particulates of different drug release rates, improves bioavailability of medicament.
3. the preparation method of bag medicine carrying thing lipoid particulates of the present invention is suitable for wrapping up multiple medicine, is particularly useful for little medicine, water soluble drug and the insoluble drug of medicine, therapeutic dose of Bao Zaiyi oxidation.
4. the bag medicine carrying thing lipoid particulates finished product of the present invention's preparation is solid-state, stability is high, and it is extensive to be suitable for dosage form, can further process, form the raw material of oral, mucosa, injection, percutaneous drug delivery preparation, make the concrete preparation of performance prevention, treatment, health care, cleaning, beautification function.
Annotate: burst effect (dumping or burst effect), drug release at first is the rapid release that sticks to the small amount of drug early period of origination of microparticle surfaces, is called burst effect.Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China (2005 editions) regulation, the burst size of medicine carrying microgranules such as lipoid particulates in beginning 0.5h should be lower than 40%.
[specific embodiment]
Now further describe the present invention in conjunction with following example.
Embodiment 1: the diclofenac sodium lipoid particulates
It is the target medicine that first embodiment of the present invention adopts the water soluble drug diclofenac sodium, amphipathy macromolecule material selection polyvidone (PVP), adopt fusion method to prepare diclofenac sodium-polyvidone solid dispersion, the lipoid particulates filmogen is selected cholesterol, hexadecanol, Tween 80 and propylene glycol for use, adopts freeze-drying method preparation bag to carry the lipoid particulates of diclofenac sodium.
Experimental group: 30mg polyvidone (PVP) fusion in 65 ℃ of water-baths, add the 8mg diclofenac sodium and be uniformly dispersed, go to quenching processing in 0 ℃ of ice bath, make diclofenac sodium-polyvidone solid dispersion.10mg cholesterol, 2mg hexadecanol, 2mg Tween 80 and 4mg propylene glycol are dissolved in the 20ml tert-butyl alcohol jointly, in 65 ℃ of water-baths, dissolve, add diclofenac sodium-polyvidone solid dispersion, dissolving fully, add 120mg mannitol (PVP), be uniformly dispersed, be loaded in the cillin bottle-30 ℃ freezing 5 hours, lyophilization (5 * 10
-4Pa 24h) obtains wrapping the solid-state dried frozen aquatic products of lipoid particulates that carries diclofenac sodium.
Matched group: 10mg cholesterol, 2mg hexadecanol, 2mg Tween 80 and 4mg propylene glycol are dissolved in the 20ml tert-butyl alcohol jointly, in 65 ℃ of water-baths, dissolve, adding 8mg diclofenac sodium micropowder (particle diameter is below 15 μ m) is uniformly dispersed, add 120mg mannitol, complete mixing, be loaded in the cillin bottle-30 ℃ freezing 5 hours, lyophilization (5 * 10
-4Pa 24h) obtains wrapping the solid-state dried frozen aquatic products of lipoid particulates that carries diclofenac sodium.
Experimental group and matched group inject distilled water 5ml respectively, slightly shake, and promptly obtain wrapping the lipoid particulates suspension that carries diclofenac sodium, carry out following mensuration then.
Entrapment efficiency determination: get diclofenac sodium lipoid particulates suspension through the centrifugal 1min of 10000r/min; absorption contains the upper solution 2ml of free diclofenac sodium; survey trap with ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer in 274nm; substitution diclofenac sodium standard curve utilizes " envelop rate (%)=[(diclofenac sodium total amount-free diclofenac sodium amount)/diclofenac sodium total amount] * 100 " formula to calculate the envelop rate of diclofenac sodium lipoid particulates.Measure envelop rate once more behind 25 ℃ of placements of diclofenac sodium lipoid particulates suspension sample 0.5h.
The diclofenac sodium standard curve: precision takes by weighing the diclofenac sodium standard substance, be mixed with 0.1,0.2 with distilled water, 0.5,1.0,2.5mg/ml series standard solution, survey trap in 274nm, obtain the standard curve of diclofenac na concn and trap, utilize this standard curve to calculate the concentration of diclofenac sodium.
The result: experimental group diclofenac sodium lipoid particulates envelop rate meansigma methods is that experimental group diclofenac sodium lipoid particulates envelop rate meansigma methods is 75% behind 86%25 ℃ of placement 0.5h, and the burst size in the 0.5h is lower than 40%, has avoided the burst effect of lipoid particulates.Matched group envelop rate meansigma methods is that the envelop rate meansigma methods reduces to 28% behind 51%, 25 ℃ of placement 0.5h, and the burst size in the 0.5h surpasses 40%, and there is burst effect in lipoid particulates.The result shows that diclofenac sodium lipoid particulates that the present invention prepares has effectively improved the envelop rate of diclofenac sodium, has avoided the burst effect of lipoid particulates, thereby has prolonged the release action of diclofenac sodium lipoid particulates.
Embodiment 2: paclitaxel lipoid microgranule
It is the target medicine that second embodiment of the present invention adopts the fat-soluble medicine paclitaxel, amphipathy macromolecule material Polyethylene Glycol (PEG 2000), adopt solvent-fusion method to prepare paclitaxel-Polyethylene Glycol solid dispersion, the lipoid particulates filmogen is selected stearic acid and Tween 80 for use, adopts injection method preparation bag to carry the lipoid particulates of paclitaxel.
Experimental group: 30mg Polyethylene Glycol (PEG 2000) adds in the 0.5ml dehydrated alcohol, and fusion in 65 ℃ of water-baths adds the 5mg paclitaxel and is uniformly dispersed, and goes to quenching processing in 0 ℃ of ice bath, makes paclitaxel-Polyethylene Glycol solid dispersion.The 10mg stearic acid adds the 20ml chloroform: and methanol (3: 1, dissolve in mixed solvent V/V), add paclitaxel-Polyethylene Glycol solid dispersion and be uniformly dispersed, constitute organic facies.Get in the 30ml 0.02mol/L phosphate buffer (PBS) of 10mg Tween 80 adding pH=7, mixing constitutes water.Organic facies is injected the aqueous phase of (25 ± 2) that 1000r/min stirs ℃, and 1000r/min stirs 10min, forms the lipoid particulates suspension, and 25 ℃ of rotary evaporations of water-bath eliminate organic solvent, obtain wrapping the lipoid particulates of year paclitaxel.
Matched group: the 10mg stearic acid adds the 20ml chloroform: and methanol (3: 1, dissolve in mixed solvent V/V), add the 5mg paclitaxel, constitute organic facies.Get in the 30ml 0.02mol/L phosphate buffer (PBS) of 10mg Tween 80 adding pH=7, mixing constitutes water.Organic facies is injected the aqueous phase of (25 ± 2) that 1000r/min stirs ℃, and 1000r/min stirs 10min, forms the lipoid particulates suspension, and 25 ℃ of rotary evaporations of water-bath eliminate organic solvent, obtain wrapping the lipoid particulates of year paclitaxel.
Entrapment efficiency determination: get paclitaxel lipoid microgranule suspension through the centrifugal 1min of 10000r/min; draw the upper solution that 0.5ml contains free paclitaxel; survey trap with ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer in 480nm; substitution paclitaxel standard curve utilizes " envelop rate (%)=[(paclitaxel total amount-free paclitaxel amount)/paclitaxel total amount] * 100 " formula to calculate the envelop rate of paclitaxel lipoid microgranule.Measure envelop rate once more behind 25 ℃ of placements of paclitaxel lipoid microgranule suspension sample 0.5h.
The paclitaxel standard curve: precision takes by weighing the paclitaxel standard substance, is mixed with 0.25,0.5,1.0 with distilled water, 2.0 the series standard solution of 5.0mg/ml is surveyed trap in 480nm, obtain the standard curve of paclitaxel concentration and trap, utilize this standard curve to calculate the concentration of paclitaxel.
The result: paclitaxel lipoid microgranule envelop rate meansigma methods is 87%, and matched group envelop rate meansigma methods is 85%, no significant difference.Experimental group paclitaxel lipoid microgranule envelop rate meansigma methods is 69% behind 25 ℃ of placement 0.5h, discharges certain medicine and does not show burst effect.The envelop rate meansigma methods is 82% behind 25 ℃ of placements of matched group 0.5h, and drug release is very slow.The result shows that the paclitaxel lipoid microgranule that the present invention prepares does not have the burst effect of lipoid particulates, and has release behavior preferably, improves the effectiveness of its treatment.
Embodiment 3: irinotecan hydrochloride lipoid nanoparticle
It is the target medicine that the 3rd embodiment of the present invention adopts irinotecan hydrochloride, amphipathy macromolecule material selection poloxamer (Poloxamer 188), adopt fusion method to prepare irinotecan hydrochloride-poloxamer solid dispersion, the lipoid particulates filmogen is selected glyceryl monostearate, sorbester p17 and glycerol for use, adopts the even method preparation of high pressure breast bag to carry the lipoid nanoparticle of irinotecan hydrochloride.
Experimental group: 55mg poloxamer (Poloxamer 188) fusion in 65 ℃ of water-baths, add the 5mg irinotecan hydrochloride and be uniformly dispersed, obtain irinotecan hydrochloride-poloxamer solid dispersion.15mg glyceryl monostearate, 3mg sorbester p17 and 6mg glycerol join in 80 ℃ of water of 15ml, add irinotecan hydrochloride-poloxamer solid dispersion, with high pressure dispersing emulsification machine emulsifying four times, the microporous filter membrane by 0.22 μ m carries out granulate, obtains wrapping the lipoid nanoparticle that carries irinotecan hydrochloride.
Matched group: 15mg glyceryl monostearate, 3mg sorbester p17 and 6mg glycerol join in 80 ℃ of water of 15ml, add the 5mg irinotecan hydrochloride, with high pressure dispersing emulsification machine emulsifying four times, the microporous filter membrane by 0.22 μ m carries out granulate, obtains wrapping the lipoid nanoparticle that carries irinotecan hydrochloride.
Entrapment efficiency determination: get irinotecan hydrochloride lipoid nanoparticle suspension through the centrifugal 1min of 10000r/min; draw the upper solution that 2ml contains the free hydrochloric acid irinotecan; survey trap with ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer in 370nm; substitution irinotecan hydrochloride standard curve utilizes " envelop rate (%)=[(irinotecan hydrochloride total amount-free hydrochloric acid irinotecan amount)/irinotecan hydrochloride total amount] * 100 " formula to calculate the envelop rate of irinotecan hydrochloride lipoid particulates.Measure envelop rate once more behind 25 ℃ of placements of irinotecan hydrochloride lipoid nanoparticle suspension sample 0.5h.
The irinotecan hydrochloride standard curve: precision takes by weighing the irinotecan hydrochloride standard substance, be mixed with 0.25,0.5 with distilled water, 1.0,2.0,5.0mg/ml series standard solution, survey trap in 370nm, obtain the standard curve of irinotecan hydrochloride concentration and trap, utilize this standard curve to calculate the concentration of irinotecan hydrochloride.
The result: irinotecan hydrochloride lipoid nanoparticle envelop rate meansigma methods is 87%, and matched group envelop rate meansigma methods is 40%.Irinotecan hydrochloride lipoid nanoparticle envelop rate meansigma methods is 65% behind 25 ℃ of placement 0.5h, does not show burst effect.And the envelop rate meansigma methods reduces to 18% behind 25 ℃ of placements of matched group 0.5h, has obvious burst effect.The result shows that irinotecan hydrochloride lipoid nanoparticle that the present invention prepares effectively improves the envelop rate of medicine, has avoided the burst effect of medicine carrying microgranule.
Embodiment 4: irinotecan hydrochloride lipoid nanoparticle injection
The 4th embodiment of the present invention adopts the further processing and preparing irinotecan hydrochloride of the irinotecan hydrochloride lipoid nanoparticle lipoid nanoparticle injection of embodiment 3 preparations.
The irinotecan hydrochloride lipoid nanoparticle suspension that embodiment 3 experimental grouies are made is through the sephadex column eluting, and the lipoid nanoparticle that free irinotecan hydrochloride and bag is carried irinotecan hydrochloride separates.Bag is carried irinotecan hydrochloride lipoid nanoparticle is packaged in the ampoule of 5ml,
60Irinotecan hydrochloride lipoid nanoparticle injection is made in Co radiation sterilization (RAD=150～1,800,000).The electron microscopic morphology observation is carried out in the sampling of irinotecan hydrochloride lipoid nanoparticle injection, and bag carries the lipoid nanoparticle form rounding of irinotecan hydrochloride, evenly, does not have the group of gathering, particle size distribution 100-250nm.The result shows that wrapping the lipoid nanoparticle that carries irinotecan hydrochloride can make concrete preparations such as injection, and form keeps better, and is stable higher.
In the above-described embodiments, only the present invention has been carried out exemplary description, but those skilled in the art can carry out various modifications to the present invention after reading present patent application under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. preparation method of wrapping medicine carrying thing lipoid particulates, it is characterized in that: medicine is scattered in the amphipathy macromolecule material system of dissolving or molten condition, rapid cooling is handled and is obtained medicine solid dispersion, then medicine solid dispersion and lipoid particulates filmogen are dispersed in the organic facies system, according to the lipoid particulates preparation method, make the lipoid particulates of bag medicine carrying thing.
2. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described medicine is meant middle pharmaceutically active ingredient, chemicals, aminoacid, polypeptide or the protein drug of performance prevention, treatment, health care, cleaning, beautification function.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described amphipathy macromolecule material is meant natural macromolecular material, semi-synthetic macromolecular material and the synthesized polymer material of pharmaceutically generally acknowledging, comprises polyvidone, Polyethylene Glycol, poloxamer and polyvinyl alcohol.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described lipoid particulates filmogen comprises lipoid composition and surfactant, the lipoid composition is selected from generally acknowledges the lipoids composition in the pharmacy, comprise alcohol and esters, cholesterol and derivant thereof, sitosterol and derivant thereof, cholic acid and the derivant thereof of stearic acid and esters thereof, polylactic acid and esters thereof, 12～30 carbon, surfactant comprises: tween series, span series, oleic acid, glycerol, propylene glycol.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described organic facies is meant alcohol, ketone, ester, ether and the alkyl halide of carbon number 10 with interior straight chain, side chain, comprises ethanol, the tert-butyl alcohol, acetone, ethyl acetate, ether, petroleum ether, chloroform, dichloromethane.
6. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also contain in the known surfactant of pharmacy, polyhydric alcohol or saccharide, macromolecular scaffold proppant, antioxidant, stabilizing agent, the pH regulator agent one or more in the described organic facies system.
7. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the lipoid particulates particle diameter of described bag medicine carrying thing is micron order or nanoscale.
8. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the lipoid particulates of described bag medicine carrying thing is further removed lipid fragment and unnecessary salt ion by dialysis, processing method centrifugal, chromatography.
9. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described bag medicine carrying thing lipoid particulates is further processed, form the raw material of oral, mucosa, injection, percutaneous drug delivery preparation, make the concrete preparation of performance prevention, treatment, health care, cleaning, beautification function.
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| CN101516346A (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2009-08-26 | 株式会社三养社 | Submicron nanoparticle of poorly water soluble camptothecin derivatives and process for preparation thereof |
| CN101612124A (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2009-12-30 | 吉林大学 | A kind of liposome and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101516346A (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2009-08-26 | 株式会社三养社 | Submicron nanoparticle of poorly water soluble camptothecin derivatives and process for preparation thereof |
| CN101612124A (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2009-12-30 | 吉林大学 | A kind of liposome and preparation method thereof |
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