CN102169098B - A method for studying the standard molar enthalpy of formation of barium molybdate nanomaterials - Google Patents
A method for studying the standard molar enthalpy of formation of barium molybdate nanomaterials Download PDFInfo
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- CN102169098B CN102169098B CN 201010599067 CN201010599067A CN102169098B CN 102169098 B CN102169098 B CN 102169098B CN 201010599067 CN201010599067 CN 201010599067 CN 201010599067 A CN201010599067 A CN 201010599067A CN 102169098 B CN102169098 B CN 102169098B
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- barium molybdate
- enthalpy
- standard
- nano material
- block
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- RCMWGBKVFBTLCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium(2+);dioxido(dioxo)molybdenum Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O RCMWGBKVFBTLCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 title claims description 45
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical class Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001422 barium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011167 hydrochloric acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 4
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002113 nanodiamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 phosphate compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003746 solid phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004304 visual acuity Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention creatively provides a new thought of acquiring the standard molar formation enthalpy of nanometer material by searching for the relation between the standard molar formation enthalpies of barium molybdate nanometer material and corresponding block material on the basis of the known standard molar formation enthalpy of barium molybdate block material used as a reference standard. Based on the new thought, the invention further provides a new method for acquiring the standard molar formation enthalpy of nanometer material when the nanometer materials and corresponding block materials have the same chemical reaction under the same condition. Specifically, taking the reactions of barium molybdate block material and nanometer material with hydrochloric acids with the same concentration as an example, the acquired standard molar formation enthalpy of 298.15K and p theta barium molybdate nanometer material is -336.6kl/mol by using a high-precision high-sensitivity micro-calorimeter according to a thermodynamic potential function method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of research of the barium molybdate nano material standard mole enthalpy of formation; Be particularly related to a kind of with known barium molybdate block materials standard molar formation enthalpy standard as a reference; Seek the relation of nano material and the corresponding block material standard mole enthalpy of formation, thereby obtain the method for nano material standard molar formation enthalpy.
Background technology
Regulation thermodynamic functions such as the entropy of nano material, enthalpy, Gibbs free energy have important scientific meaning and using value, and are the functions of yardstick and pattern.How obtain the regulation thermodynamic function value of nano material through experiment; Explore yardstick, orientation (pattern) relation and the development law of nano material thermodynamic function; Setting up the basal heat mechanics data standard of different size, different orientation, pattern nano material, is the important topic of " nano material thermodynamics " research.Current the nano material Study on Thermodynamic Properties extremely is short of, especially to the research of regulation thermodynamic function values such as the entropy of nano material, enthalpy, Gibbs free energy.
Yue Danting etc. have measured the low temperature thermal capacitance of multiple different nano material (like nano zine oxide, nanometer iron, nano aluminum) through identical method, and according to the relational expression of thermal capacitance and thermodynamic function, having obtained with standard state 298.15K is entropy, enthalpy, the Gibbs free energy of the nano material of benchmark; Its representative document is like [Yue Danting; Tan Zhicheng, Dong Lina, Sun Lixian; Open great waves. Acta PhySico-Chimica Sinica 2005,21:446-449.]; Come binding isotherm models such as luxuriant roc, the various standard enthalpys that obtained the different-grain diameter Nano diamond with the method for quantum chemistry and standard entropy [luxuriant roc, Xue Yongqiang, Lian Peng, Ge Zhongxue, Wang Baizhou, Zhang Zhi's loyalty. Acta PhySico-Chimica Sinica 2007,23:508-512.]; Yuan Aiqun etc. utilize little calorimeter, and the reaction heat through the nanometer reaction system has obtained the standard molar formation enthalpy data of the multiple nano phosphate compound of solid phase reaction preparation, and its representative document is like [a) Yuan AQ, LiaoS, Tong ZF; Wu J, Huang ZY.Mater.Lett.2006,60:2110-2114.b) Yuan AQ, Wu J; Bai LJ, HuangZY, Wu K, Liao S; Tong ZF.Mater.Res.Bull.2008,43:1339-1345.c) Yuan AQ, Wu J, Bai LJ; Ma SM, Huang ZY, Tong ZF.J.Chem.Eng.Data 2008,53:1066-1070.].
More than the problem that exists of these methods be: the entropy through measuring the nano material that the low temperature thermal capacitance obtains, enthalpy, Gibbs free energy are benchmark with standard state 298.15K rather than are benchmark with 0K, therefore from not solving the regulation thermodynamic function value of nano material in fact; The foundation of theoretical model and application only are fit to satisfy the nano material of specified conditions, so the scope of application is narrow and small; The standard molar formation enthalpy that reaction heat through the nano material reaction system obtains, standard molar formation enthalpy that must known each material except that nano material, also inapplicable to liquid phase reactor.At present, with known block materials standard molar formation enthalpy standard as a reference, seek the relation of nano material and the corresponding block material standard mole enthalpy of formation, thereby the thought and the concrete grammar that obtain the nano material standard molar formation enthalpy were not reported also.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome defective that above-mentioned existing method exists and not enough and a kind of nanometer barium molybdate material standard mole enthalpy of formation method of obtaining with universality that provide, this method has obtained checking through experiment, has supported this method.
The object of the invention can be realized through following technical scheme: at 298.15K and p
θRespectively at the hydrochloric acid reaction of excessive same concentration, utilize little calorimeter to measure the reaction enthalpy change of nanometer barium molybdate reaction system and block reaction system respectively barium molybdate nano material and barium molybdate block materials down; After reacting completely, utilize inductively coupled plasma (being called for short ICP) to measure barium ion concentration in the above-mentioned reactant liquor respectively,, obtain the molar reactive enthalpy change of different systems to confirm the amount of barium molybdate reaction in the system
According to the thermodynamic potential function method, set up the contact of barium molybdate nano material reaction system and block reaction system, the relation that obtains barium molybdate nano material and barium molybdate block materials standard molar formation enthalpy is:
Through the standard molar formation enthalpy of known block barium molybdate,, obtain the standard molar formation enthalpy of barium molybdate nano material in conjunction with the relation of barium molybdate nano material and its block materials standard molar formation enthalpy.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following characteristics:
1, new thought is to be based upon on the basis of standard molar formation enthalpy of block materials among the present invention, and the standard molar formation enthalpy of block materials can obtain through looking into handbook.
2, new thought is to serve as theme with the relation of the standard molar formation enthalpy of corresponding block materials to seek nano material among the present invention.
3, the new method among the present invention connects nano material dexterously with the standard molar formation enthalpy of corresponding block materials.
4, the new method among the present invention has extensive applicability, and is simple to operate, to obtain data accurately quick.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is described further, the description of embodiment is merely is convenient to understand the present invention, but not to the restriction of the present invention protection.
Embodiment
1, at 298.15K and p
θDown; With a certain amount of barium molybdate nano material and concentration is that 0.26mol/L, volume are that the excessive hydrochloric acid of 1.5mL places little calorimeter to react; Record reaction enthalpy and become-0.15399J; With the color comparison tube constant volume of reactant liquor with 10mL, to use ICP to record barium ion concentration and be 1.089mg/L, the amount that calculates the barium molybdate nano material of participating in reaction is 7.92980 * 10
-8Mol, the molar reaction enthalpy that draws the nanometer reaction system thus becomes-1941.9kJ/mol;
2, at 298.15K and p
θDown; With a certain amount of block barium molybdate and concentration is that 0.26mol/L, volume are that the excessive hydrochloric acid of 1.5mL places little calorimeter to react; Record reaction enthalpy and become-0.08500J; With the color comparison tube constant volume of reactant liquor with 10mL, to use ICP to record barium ion concentration and be 1.514mg/L, the amount that calculates the block barium molybdate of participating in reaction is 1.10245 * 10
-7Mol, the molar reaction enthalpy that draws the block reaction system thus becomes-771.0kJ/mol;
3, according to the thermodynamic potential function method, set up the contact of barium molybdate nano reaction system and block reaction system, the relation that obtains barium molybdate nano material and barium molybdate block materials standard molar formation enthalpy is:
4,298.15K and P
θThe standard molar formation enthalpy of following block barium molybdate
Finally can get the standard molar formation enthalpy of nanometer barium molybdate
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 implements to get in touch the principle schematic of nano material and the thermodynamic potential function method of the standard molar formation enthalpy of corresponding block materials for the present invention;
Fig. 2 a is the sem photograph of the sodium molybdate particle of embodiment of the invention preparation;
Fig. 2 b is the grain graininess analysis chart of the sodium molybdate particle of embodiment of the invention preparation;
Fig. 2 c is the transmission electron microscope picture of the sodium molybdate particle of embodiment of the invention preparation;
Fig. 2 d is the high resolving power transmission photo and the regular diffraction spot of the sodium molybdate particle of embodiment of the invention preparation;
The thermography curve map that Fig. 3 obtains for nano material of the present invention;
The thermography curve map that Fig. 4 obtains for block materials of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. method of studying the barium molybdate nano material standard mole enthalpy of formation; It is characterized by: with known barium molybdate block materials standard molar formation enthalpy standard as a reference; Seek the relation of nano material and the corresponding block material standard mole enthalpy of formation; Thereby obtain the nano material standard molar formation enthalpy, concrete steps are: at 298.15K and p
θDown, with barium molybdate nano material and barium molybdate block materials respectively with the hydrochloric acid reaction of excessive same concentration, utilize little calorimeter to measure the reaction enthalpy change of barium molybdate nano material reaction system and block reaction system respectively; After reacting completely, utilize inductively coupled plasma (being called for short ICP) to measure the concentration of barium ion in the above-mentioned reaction system respectively,, obtain the molar reactive enthalpy change of different systems to confirm the amount of barium molybdate reaction in the system
According to the thermodynamic potential function method, set up the contact of barium molybdate nano material reaction system and block reaction system, the relation that obtains barium molybdate nano material and block materials standard molar formation enthalpy is: Δ
fH
Θ M, A(BaMoO
4, bulk)-Δ
fH
Θ M, A(BaMoO
4, nano)=Δ
rH
Θ m(BaMoO
4, nano)-Δ
rH
Θ m(BaMoO
4, bulk); Through the standard molar formation enthalpy of known block barium molybdate,, obtain the standard molar formation enthalpy of barium molybdate nano material in conjunction with the relation of barium molybdate nano material and block materials standard molar formation enthalpy;
Δ
fH
Θ M, A(BaMoO
4, bulk) and Δ
fH
Θ M, A(BaMoO
4, nano) be respectively the standard molar formation enthalpy of block barium molybdate and nanometer barium molybdate, Δ
rH
Θ m(BaMoO
4, nano) and Δ
rH
Θ m(BaMoO
4, bulk) be respectively the standard molar reaction enthalpy of block barium molybdate and nanometer barium molybdate and hydrochloric acid reaction.
2. the method for the standard molar formation enthalpy of research barium molybdate according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the barium molybdate nano material with the block barium molybdate identical chemical reaction is taken place under the same conditions; Utilize the thermodynamic potential function method to seek the relation of barium molybdate nano material and block barium molybdate standard molar formation enthalpy, thereby obtain the method for the barium molybdate nano material standard mole enthalpy of formation.
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| CN107884392B (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2020-09-18 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Arc heater air flow enthalpy value spectral measurement system |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1595127A (en) * | 2004-07-01 | 2005-03-16 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Method for measuring thermodynamic data by utilizing phase balance |
| EP1533609A2 (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2005-05-25 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Screening for ligand binding at specific target sites, using a calorimetric device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1533609A2 (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2005-05-25 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Screening for ligand binding at specific target sites, using a calorimetric device |
| CN1595127A (en) * | 2004-07-01 | 2005-03-16 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Method for measuring thermodynamic data by utilizing phase balance |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 《纳米材料热力学的研究现状及展望》;姜俊颖;《化学进展》;20100630;第22卷(第6期);1058-1067 * |
| 姜俊颖.《纳米材料热力学的研究现状及展望》.《化学进展》.2010,第22卷(第6期), |
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