CN102145554B - Environment-friendly recyclable basalt fiber and fibrilia automobile door plate and preparation process thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an environment-friendly recyclable natural fiber automobile door plate which is formed by the steps of preparing a composite felt material by a core layer and a surface layer; and performing hot-press and forming. The natural fiber automobile door plate is characterized in that the core layer is prepared by mixing two kinds of natural fibers, namely a basalt fiber and fibrilia, and two kinds of chemical fibers, namely a polyster fiber and a polypropylene fiber, lapping and needling. The core layer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10 to 30 percent of basalt fiber, 10 to 30 percent of fibrilia, 20 to 30 percent of polyster fiber, and 30 to 40 percent of polypropylene fiber. The invention also provides a preparation process for the environment-friendly recyclable natural fiber automobile door plate. The environment-friendly recyclable natural fiber automobile door plate has the characteristics of low density, light mass, low cost, high intensity, high toughness, high safety, environmental-friendliness and the like, and can be deformed heavily and recycled.

Description

A kind of environment-friendly recyclable basalt fiber and hemp fiber automobile door panel and its preparation process

technical field

The invention relates to an automobile door panel made by mixing natural fibers and chemical fibers and its preparation process.

Background technique

With the rapid development of the automobile industry and the rapid increase of automobile ownership, people have higher and higher requirements for the quality and environmental protection of automobile interior parts. The materials for automotive interior parts are developing in the direction of green environmental protection and recyclability. The composite substrates currently used for the production of automotive interior parts are usually polyurethane (PU) boards, polypropylene (PP) wood powder boards, glass steel plates, etc. Due to the defects of toxic chemical pollution, the original PU board and PP wood powder board can no longer meet the needs of modern automobile development, and are gradually being replaced by natural fiber composite materials. The processing of natural fiber composites usually involves mixing natural fibers and chemical fibers into felts and then hot pressing.

The patent document (publication number: CN101549671A) discloses a hemp fiber automotive interior trim and a production method thereof, the steps of which are: opening the packaged raw materials, mixing jute fiber and polypropylene fiber in a carding machine according to the proportion Mixing, and at the same time, the fibers are formed into a net, and then needled into a felt by a needle punching machine, and the felted product is sliced, and then the hemp felt is directly baked in an oven for heating and surface bonding, and the baking temperature is 180 -200℃, and then cold-pressed and formed by the product mold, and finally the finished product is produced; or the hemp felt is made into a plate for storage, and then the plate is baked and heated according to the need and the corresponding product is formed.

The patent document (Patent No. ZL200410041912.X) discloses an environment-friendly thermoplastic natural brown hemp fiber automotive interior composite base material, which is made of a composite substrate, a fabric layer and a bottom layer, namely the rubber surface layer, and the fabric layer is made of non-woven fabric. , the rubber surface layer is made of PP film, the middle substrate is made of brown silk, hemp fiber, polyester fiber and polypropylene fiber mixed to make felt, and then the upper and lower sides of the middle substrate are laid with non-woven fabric and PP film respectively to make a composite substrate semi-finished product , then heated and pressurized, and molded. Due to the use of natural brown and hemp plant fibers, this board has the advantages of low density, light weight, good hygroscopicity, non-toxic and environmentally friendly, and low cost. It is an ideal material for automotive interior parts. Its disadvantages are that the production process is complicated and the production efficiency is low; the amount of natural fiber used is less, and the strength of the board is low.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above disadvantages and provide a natural basalt fiber/hemp fiber car door panel with low density, light weight, low cost, high strength, good toughness, high safety, environmental protection and recyclability.

In order to realize the purpose of the present invention, the following methods are adopted: an environmentally friendly recyclable natural fiber automobile door panel is composed of a core layer and a surface layer; The surface layer is made of three kinds of chemical fiber mixed materials, polyester fiber, polypropylene fiber and spandex fiber, which are laid by needle punching.

The weight percent of each component of the core layer is: hemp fiber 10-30%, basalt fiber 10-30%, polyester fiber 20-30%, polypropylene fiber 30-40%.

The weight percentage of each component of the surface layer is: 30-40% of polyester fiber, 40-50% of polypropylene fiber and 10-20% of spandex fiber.

The invention also discloses a preparation process of an environmentally friendly recyclable natural fiber automobile door panel, which includes the following preparation steps:

Step 1: Prepare the Topping

1.1 Opening the fibers for preparing the surface layer;

1.2 Mix according to the composition ratio;

1.3 Lay into a fiber net;

1.4 Through needle punching into felt;

1.5 Cut into rolls and recycle the remaining surface materials;

Step 2: Prepare the core layer

2.1 Open the core fiber;

2.2 Mix according to the composition ratio;

2.3 Lay into a fiber net;

2.4 Through needle punching into felt;

2.5 Cut into rolls and recycle the rest of the core layer;

Step 3: Prepare the Door Panel

3.1 Compose the surface layer and the core layer of felt to form a composite felt;

3.2 Preheat the composite felt;

3.3 Hydroforming the preheated composite felt on the automobile door panel mold;

3.4 Cut and modify the composite felt according to the style of the door panel components;

3.5 Spray glue on the door panel components and the composite felt;

3.6 Laminated composite felt.

The temperature of the preheating treatment in step 3 is 200°C-250°C, and the time of the preheating treatment is 60-100 seconds.

The molding pressure of hydroforming on the automobile door panel mold described in step 3 is 15 MPa-20 MPa, and the hydroforming time is 60 seconds-100 seconds.

After the above fibers are compounded, the present invention is non-toxic, environmentally friendly, low in weight, good in hygroscopicity, and low in cost under the premise of ensuring the required strength, formability and sound insulation effect of the composite base material for automotive interior parts. Simultaneously, the invention greatly improves the tensile strength and impact strength of the automobile door panel, and improves its safety.

Detailed ways

Examples of the present invention will be described below for further understanding of the present invention.

Example 1:

Step 1: Prepare the Topping

a. Three openers respectively open polypropylene, polyester and spandex fibers. According to the use or process requirements of the surface layer, the composition ratio is set in the computer. After the work starts, the three openers open the polypropylene, polyester and spandex fibers according to the set ratio and send them into the air conveying pipeline.

b. After the polypropylene, polyester and spandex fibers enter the mixing box, they are evenly sprinkled on the working licker-in roller by the condenser. man air laying machine.

c. The air laying machine forms a fiber web with a certain thickness (weight) after the mixed fibers pass through the screen drum and the laying curtain.

d. The fibers formed into a net by the laying machine enter the needle loom, and the up and down reciprocating motion of the needle of the needle loom makes the fibers cohere, forming a felt with a certain strength and thickness.

e. The longitudinal cutter of the shearing machine cuts off the excess parts on both sides according to the set width of the surface layer felt, and the coiler cuts the shearing machine horizontally according to the length set by the computer, and cuts off the surface layer felt into rolls. The pulverizer shreds the reusable surface layer felt and sends it into the conveying pipeline, then enters the cotton mixing box through the condenser, and sends it to the air laying machine by the conveyor belt together with the raw materials from the opening.

Step 2: Prepare the core layer

a. Four opening machines respectively open basalt fiber, hemp fiber, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber. According to the use or process requirements of the core layer, the composition ratio is set in the computer. After the work starts, the opener will open the core fiber according to the set ratio and send it into the air delivery pipeline.

b. The core layer fiber after opening enters the mixing box, and is evenly sprinkled on the working licker-in roller by the condenser. man air laying machine.

c. The air laying machine forms a fiber web with a certain thickness (weight) after the mixed fibers pass through the screen drum and the laying curtain.

d. The fibers formed into a net by the laying machine enter the needle loom, and the up and down reciprocating motion of the needle of the needle loom makes the fibers cohere, forming a felt with a certain strength and thickness.

e. The longitudinal cutter of the shearing machine cuts off the excess parts on both sides according to the set width of the core felt material. The horizontal cutter cuts the core layer felt according to the set length, and the pulverizer shreds the reusable core layer felt, sends it into the conveying pipeline, enters the cotton mixing box through the cotton condenser, and comes from the opening (mixing) The raw materials of the material machine) are sent to the air laying machine by the conveyor belt.

Step Three: Prepare the Door Panel

a. When the base material needs to be compounded with double layers, feed one layer before the first needle punching machine, and feed the other layer before the third needle punching machine; if the composite base material only needs one The layer layer is only sent to the surface layer before the third needle loom.

b. Place the composite felt on the heating plate of the electric heater for preheating. The upper and lower preheating temperatures are controlled at 200-250°C and the preheating time is 60-100 seconds.

c. Put the preheated material on the lower mold of the door panel mold, start the molding equipment, close the mold, and start the operation. When the timing is over, the equipment automatically rises and resets, and the molded parts are taken out and placed on the trimming workbench. Molding pressure 15-20MPa, molding time 60-100 seconds.

d. Place the skin composite felt to be covered under the door panel component, draw lines according to the size of the component, cut the coated skin fabric, and sew it up.

e. Spray glue and air-dry the door panel member and the coated skin composite felt after cutting and sewing. Place the sprayed parts on the special tooling to dry to ensure that the solvent is fully volatilized, and do not stack them.

f. Hang the fabric on the 4 nails of the stretching frame, clamp the upper part and the right side with a large clip, and clamp the lower part with four small clips in the lower left and right corners respectively, and place the door panel components after spraying glue on the compound On the lower mold of the mold, clamp the composite felt on the stretcher frame and place it on the component, start the button, close the mold and maintain pressure, after the composite is completed, it will automatically open, take out the composite part, and the car door panel is completed.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of preparation technology of environmental protection recyclable natural fiber automobile door panel is characterized in that: described environmental protection recyclable natural fiber automobile door panel is made up of core layer and surface layer at least; Described core layer is made of two kinds of basalt fiber and hemp fiber It is made of natural fiber and polyester fiber and polypropylene fiber mixed with two kinds of chemical fibers; the weight percentage of each component of the core layer is: hemp fiber 10-30%, basalt fiber 10-30%, polyester fiber 20% -30%, polypropylene fiber 30-40%; the surface layer is made of polyester fiber, polypropylene fiber and spandex fiber mixed with three kinds of chemical fibers and laid by needle punching; the weight percentage of each component of the surface layer is: 30-40% polyester fiber, 40-50% polypropylene fiber, 10-20% spandex fiber; the preparation process is as follows: Step 1: Prepare the Topping a. The three openers respectively open the polypropylene, polyester and spandex fibers. According to the use or process requirements of the surface layer, set the proportion in the computer. After the work starts, the three openers will open the polypropylene according to the set proportion. , Polyester and spandex fibers are sent to the air delivery pipeline after opening; b. After the polypropylene, polyester and spandex fibers enter the mixing box, they are evenly sprinkled on the working licker-in roller by the condenser. into the air laying machine; c. The air laying machine forms a fiber web with a certain thickness after the mixed fibers pass through the screen drum and the laying curtain; d. The fibers formed into a web by the laying machine enter the needle loom, and the up and down reciprocating motion of the needles of the needle loom makes the fibers cohere to form a felt with a certain strength and thickness; e. The longitudinal cutter of the shearing machine cuts off the excess parts on both sides according to the set width of the surface layer felt, and the coiler cuts the shearing machine horizontally according to the length set by the computer, and cuts off the surface layer felt into rolls; the pulverizer shreds the recycled surface felt and sends it to the conveying pipeline, enters the cotton mixing box through the condenser, and sends it to the air laying machine by the conveyor belt together with the raw materials from the opening; Step 2: Prepare the core layer a. The four openers respectively open basalt fiber, hemp fiber, polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber; according to the purpose or process requirements of the core layer, set the composition ratio in the computer; after the work starts, the opener will follow the set Ratio to open the core fiber and send it into the air delivery pipeline; b. The core layer fiber after opening enters the mixing box, and is evenly sprinkled on the working licker-in roller by the condenser. into the air laying machine; c. The air laying machine forms a fiber web with a certain thickness after the mixed fibers pass through the screen drum and the laying curtain; d. The fibers formed into a web by the laying machine enter the needle loom, and the up and down reciprocating motion of the needles of the needle loom makes the fibers cohere to form a felt with a certain strength and thickness; e. The longitudinal cutter of the shearing machine cuts off the excess parts on both sides according to the set width of the core felt; the horizontal cutter cuts off the core felt according to the set length, and the pulverizer will reuse the treated core The felt is shredded and sent to the conveying pipeline, then enters the cotton mixing box through the condenser, and is sent to the air laying machine by the conveyor belt together with the raw materials from the opening; Step 3: Prepare the Door Panel a. When the core layer needs to be compounded with double layers, one layer is fed in front of the first acupuncture machine, and the other layer is fed in front of the third acupuncture machine; if the composite core layer only needs one For the layer layer, it is only sent to the surface layer before the third needle loom; b. Make the surface layer and the core layer felt into a composite felt, place the composite felt on the heating plate of the electric heater to preheat, control the upper and lower preheating temperatures at 200-250°C, and the preheating time is 60-100 seconds; c. Put the preheated material on the lower mold of the door panel mold, start the molding equipment, close the mold, and start the operation; when the timing is over, the equipment will automatically rise and reset, take out the molded part, and place it on the trimming workbench; Among them, the molding pressure of the door panel mold is 15-20MPa, and the molding time is 60-100 seconds; d. Place the skin composite felt to be covered under the door panel component, draw lines according to the size of the component, cut the coated skin fabric, and sew; e. Spray glue and dry the door panel components and the coated skin composite felt after cutting and sewing; place the sprayed parts on special tooling to dry; ensure that the solvent is fully volatilized, and do not stack them; f. Hang the coated skin composite felt after glue spraying on the 4 nails of the stretch frame, clamp the upper part and the right side with a large clip, and clamp the bottom with four small clips in the lower left and right corners respectively, take the spray The glued door panel component is placed on the lower mold of the composite mold, the composite felt is clamped on the stretcher frame and placed on the component, the button is activated, the mold is closed and the pressure is maintained, the composite is completed, it is automatically opened, and the composite part is taken out to obtain environmental protection. Recycled natural fiber car door panels.