Summary of the invention
In order to improve protection effect to the hip damage; increase is to the defencive function of backbone; improve the compliance of using; the invention provides the protective device next to the shin that a kind of hip damage that can cause falling and spinal injury are brought into play protective action simultaneously; and the present invention's comfortable, convenience in the use will help to improve the compliance of use, thereby bring into play its protective effect conscientiously.
The technical solution used in the present invention provides a kind of damping device, comprises hip beam and Protective shorts, and described hip beam is located at greater trochanter of femur place, described Protective shorts both sides, can reduce this place and be subjected to external force; It is characterized in that: described hip beam is made of the soft liner of the gentle blow stress effect of hard shell that plays the effect of shunting stress.
There is the circle or the similar round of hollow hole in the central authorities that described hard shell is shaped as similar letter " O "; Described hollow hole is shaped as circle or similar round, and area and greater trochanter of femur adapt; The similar hand size of the area of described hard shell, and hard shell is moulded shallow arc, make it to paste clothes mutually with the skin of hip at greater trochanter place.
Described hollow hole is shaped as ellipse, and serves as that axle is moulded shallow arc with hard shell with the transverse of hollow hole, makes it to paste clothes mutually with the skin of hip at greater trochanter place, and oval-shaped major axis is parallel with the femur major axis during wearing.
Described hard shell by thin, have the plastic plate of certain toughness and hardness to make.
Described soft liner is circle or similar round; Can select softnesses such as foam sponge, gel, air bag for use and resilient material or elastic fabric are made, elastic fabric can be one or more layers.
When the described hip beam of assembling, for increasing the cushioning effect of stress, can in advance hard shell be moulded arc, but with the stretching extension in opposite directions earlier of soft liner, again not moulding smooth hard shell is bonded on the soft liner, utilize the retraction force of soft liner that hard shell is stretched tight into shallow arc after cementing, prune soft liner this moment again along the hard shell edge and the two seam is pricked fixing getting final product.When the hollow hole of hard shell is shaped as ellipse, make the ellipse short shaft of hollow hole of hard shell consistent when bonding with liner extension direction.
The connected mode of hip beam and Protective shorts is for adopting the bonding method of velcro, perhaps sews up to be fixed together, and perhaps the pre-sealing bag in the greater trochanter of femur place of Protective shorts is packed the hip beam in it into.
The present invention also comprises the backbone beam, described backbone beam is located at the Protective shorts bottom, can alleviate the impact of external force to both sides ischial tuberosity and sacrum tail bone, the backbone beam is by softnesses such as foam sponge, gel, air bags and resilient material or elastic fabric are made, elastic fabric can be one or more layers, can respectively establish one at both sides ischial tuberosity place and coccyx place, also can be made into a monoblock that can cover both sides ischium and coccyx.
Respectively establish a backbone beam at coccyx place and both sides ischial tuberosity place, can strengthen comfortableness and flexibility, accurately protect coccyx place and both sides ischial tuberosity place simultaneously more targetedly, in order to avoid damage.
The technical solution used in the present invention also provides a kind of damping device, comprises backbone beam and pants, and described backbone beam is located at the pants bottom, can alleviate the impact of external force to both sides ischial tuberosity and coccyx.
Described backbone beam is divided into and is independently three that " product " font is arranged, and is located at coccyx place and both sides ischial tuberosity place respectively.
Described backbone beam can be made into of strip, also can be made into a monoblock that is shaped as " people " font.
Described backbone beam is by softnesses such as foam sponge, gel, air bags and resilient elastic fabric is made, and elastic fabric can be one or more layers.
The shape of one monoblock backbone beam is " people " font preferably, can protect this three places bone tubercle, is unlikely to too roomy again, influences the heat radiation in wearing comfortableness and summer.
The anti-protection pad of backbone can directly be sewn on the Protective shorts, packs into after also can making pocket on the corresponding position of Protective shorts in it.The user can prevent that to backbone the number of layers of protection pad increases and decreases as required.
Described damping device also comprises the hip beam, and described hip beam is located at greater trochanter of femur place, described pants both sides, can reduce this place and be subjected to external force; Described hip beam is made of the soft liner of the gentle blow stress effect of hard shell that plays the effect of shunting stress.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows sacrum tail bone, backbone chest lumbar vertebrae and near end of thighbone, the direct stress that is subjected to or stress transmission when can alleviate human body falls, prevent the generation of above-mentioned position damage or alleviate the degree that damage takes place, catch cold in the time of also can avoiding sitting summer cool stool, and alleviate the pressure at ischial tuberosity place, slow down developing of synovitis of ischiac tubercle.
The specific embodiment
By research, find that 51.5% patient is to fall in the side on the direction of falling to 101 routine old hip damage patients; On the position of falling, the outside and greater trochanter of femur are the positions that mainly is impacted behind the buttocks; Fall when occurring in probably that health does not have or slight forward momentum only being arranged, such as erect position or when slowly walking.Think that what this also may be interpreted as and take place in this case among the patient of hip damage because the elderly's reaction speed slows down, muscular strength descends, and their protective reaction also correspondingly slows up and be faint, the elderly can account for very big proportion.
Fig. 1 shows the Protective shorts that is provided with hip beam 4 and backbone beam 5.The preferred embodiments of the present invention respectively are provided with one at greater trochanter of femur place, Protective shorts 1 both sides can reduce the hip beam 4 that this place is subjected to external force, can alleviate external force impacts and then reduce chest lumbar vertebrae and the suffered external force of sacrum tail bone to both sides ischial tuberosity and sacrococcyx backbone beam 5 bottom rear setting.Described Protective shorts 1 preferably adopts soft, ventilative, flexible, shrink-proof cloth to make, as cotton or cotton wool, cotton silk ribbon etc.Whole piece pants external form compactness, comfortable and easy to wear, the hip beam of lying on one's side is unconsciously pressed against the people, wear off and male sex's urine conveniently is the factor that strengthens compliance.
The biomethanics test result of hip beam is the strong evidence of assessment hip beam clinical practice usefulness.The factor that influences hip beam biomechanical property comprises the position etc. of structure, material and its placement of protector.
The hip beam majority of clinical practice at present is a kind of being worn in the underwear, be attached to the soft liner that area is bigger on greater trochanter of femur surface, whether the suffered stress of hip bone when falling in order to minimizing attaches hard material according to outer surface and it can be divided into duricrust hip beam and soft shell hip beam two big classes.It is stress absorption that soft shell hip beam mainly acts on, and duricrust hip beam has then been given prominence to the stress divergent function.
Fig. 2 shows the front view of hip beam, and Fig. 3 shows the dorsal view of hip beam, and Fig. 4 shows the top view of hip beam.Hip beam 4 in the preferred embodiments of the present invention mainly is made of the soft liner 43 of the hard shell 41 gentle blow stress effects that play the effect of shunting stress, hard shell 41 is the most handy thin, there are the plastic plate of certain toughness and hardness such as PE plate etc. to make, there be the circle or the similar round of hollow hole 42 in the central authorities that shape is preferably similar letter " O ", area preferably and greater trochanter of femur adapt, the similar hand size of the area of whole hard system shell 41, soft liner 43 can be selected foam sponge for use, gel, softnesses such as air bag and resilient material is made, but the most handy good springiness, the intensity height, good permeability, integral thickness is thin, elastic fabric that can clean repeatedly such as EVA fabric are made, elastic fabric can be one or more layers, is in harmony most for 2 ~ 3 layers and works as.
The purpose that hard shell is designed to central hollow out is as follows:
1) hard shell is designed to central hollow out, make the time by bump, stress area is not to concentrate on middle section, but be dispersed in the neighboring area of hard shell central authorities, so increased lifting surface area, thereby stress has been branched to hard shell circumferential perimeter soft tissue area better;
2) hard shell is designed to central hollow out, make the time by bump, the skin of hollow hole periphery is pushed by hard shell after the hollow hole bulging, skin beyond hard shell below and the coverage rate thereof is just led to hollow hole, hard shell area of coverage skin tension is in addition increased thereupon, the pressure that soft tissues such as the muscle under it are subjected to also can correspondingly increase, thereby sponges more external force, reaches the effect of better buffering stress.Therefore, central Openworks shape structure can with have hip beam that identical protection renders a service design compact more;
3) hard shell is designed to central Openworks shape but not the steel helmet shape of central protrusion; make the whole protecting device paste clothes mutually with human body; there is not obviously projection; the wearer dress is more comfortable, attractive in appearance; even when lying on one's side, can not feel to press against the people; can increase its compliance, the old man also can wear that it is sleeping night, and this is particularly important to prevent the fall neck of femur, femoral intertrochanteric damage, backbone chest lumbar vertebrae and the sacrococcyx damage that cause of common clinically old man when getting up in the night to urinate.Also just because of the people is not pressed against in attractive in appearance, sleep comfortable and easy to wear, just can become old man 365 days except that having a bath, defecation, can both bringing into play the protector next to the shin of protective action the replacing underpants time at any time.
In addition,, be easy to damage also to injure human body, therefore hollow hole 42 be designed to circle or similar round because of breaking because the hollow hole 42 that non-arc connects will make hard shell stress concentrate.Because oval hollow hole and greater trochanter of femur more paste clothes, therefore in the preferred embodiments of the present invention, hollow hole 42 is shaped as ellipse, and will to make shell 41 firmly serve as that axle is moulded shallow arc with the transverse of hollow hole 42, makes it to paste clothes mutually with the skin of hip at greater trochanter place.The major axis of oval hollow hole 42 is parallel with the femur major axis during wearing.
Invention preferably, for increasing the cushioning effect of stress, when assembling hip beam, can in advance hard shell 41 be moulded arc, extend but will stretch in opposite directions earlier as the elastic fabric of soft liner 43, not moulding smooth hard shell 41 is bonded on the soft liner 43, the retraction force that utilizes elastomeric flexible liner 43 after cementing is with hard shell 41 camber that stretches tight again, and prune liner and the two seam is pricked fixing getting final product along shell edge this moment again.Make the ellipse short shaft of hollow hole 42 of hard shell 41 consistent in the time of should noting when bonding with soft liner 43 extension directions.Hip beam 4 can adopt velcro 2(such as Fig. 1 and 5 with the connected mode of Protective shorts 1) bonding method, also can sew up and be fixed together, also can be at the pre-sealing bag 3(of the greater trochanter place of Protective shorts such as Fig. 1) the hip beam is packed in it.
Fig. 5 shows the Protective shorts pocket that is used to put into the hip beam.Consider each human body type's difference; the pocket of pre-seam can not guarantee accurate contraposition at greater trochanter place, the both sides of manufactured goods; but before may be partially or after inclined to one side; or skew up and down; for guarantee underpants wear height during diverse location hip beam and backbone beam all can cover the position that needs protection, can do pocket more greatly, its internal layer is sewed on flannelette or thread gluing; hip beam liner is sewed on thread gluing 44(such as Fig. 3), allow the user from the adjusted position.Certainly an also seam bigger pocket only, and do not stitch flannelette and thread gluing, space seam that pocket is unnecessary extremely can make things convenient for and insert the hip beam in the future after allowing the user determine the position of hip beam when wear for the first time.
As shown in Figure 2, the hip beam is oval, and the preferred thick PE plate of 2mm is made hard shell 41, plays the energy dispersive effect; The greater trochanter zone is that hip beam center preferably is provided with an oval hollow hole 42, prevents that stress is concentrated.As shown in Figure 3, soft liner is selected the EVA fabric for use, plays endergonic effect.Preferably seam bundle reinforcing between liner and shell.
Preferably the hip beam is oval, and hollow hole also is oval.The hip beam can be done by large, medium and small model, and preferred small size hip beam major and minor axis is respectively 100mm and 90mm, and the hollow hole major and minor axis is respectively 50mm and 30mm; Medium size hip beam major and minor axis is respectively 120mm and 110mm, and the hollow hole major and minor axis is respectively 55mm and 35mm; Large size hip beam major and minor axis is respectively 130mm and 120mm, and the hollow hole major and minor axis is respectively 60mm and 40mm.
In addition, Protective shorts 1 bottom is also sewed up and has been added backbone beam 5 that soft flexible material makes and be used to cushion sitting posture and land when falling to the impulsive force of backbone, also helps to slow down the generation development of synovitis of ischiac tubercle and the pain that causes thereof.The backbone beam 5 at ischial tuberosity place, both sides can respectively be established one at both sides ischial tuberosity place and coccyx place with making with the same or analogous material of hip beam 4 liners, also can be made into a monoblock that can cover both sides ischium and coccyx.
The shape of one monoblock backbone beam 5 can also be " people " font (as Fig. 6), can protect this three places bone tubercle, is unlikely to too roomy again, influences the heat radiation in summer.It can directly be sewn on the Protective shorts 1, packs into after also can making pocket on Protective shorts 1 corresponding position in it.
The shape of hip beam and the position of placement also can influence its biomechanical property, find in the biomechanics experiment that simulation is fallen after dressing the hip beam, with the greater trochanter of femur is that three kinds of soft shell hip beam (shapes of a hoof are placed at the center, circle, square) time near end of thighbone suffered stress reduced by 38% ~ 45%(respectively and do not dressed the hip beam relatively).It is the center with the greater trochanter that the hip beam is placed 5cm(forward), the axial compression stress of neck of femur has then increased by 60%.
Fig. 6 shows the position of the corresponding human body of hip beam and backbone beam when wearing.The underpants outside can next to the shinly be worn or be worn in to the preferred embodiments of the present invention; after putting on two hip beams 4 are aimed at greater trochanter of femur; the position (as shown in Figure 6) at both sides ischial tuberosity and coccyx center can obtain the best protection effect when backbone beam 5 was aimed at erect position and squatted the position.The hip beam can be taken off direct cleaning Protective shorts when changing clothes.
Fig. 7 shows most preferred embodiment of the present invention.Be provided with a backbone beam 51 at the coccyx place among the figure, respectively establish a backbone beam 52,53 at both sides ischial tuberosity place.So can strengthen comfortableness and flexibility when wearing, accurately protect coccyx place and both sides ischial tuberosity place simultaneously more targetedly, in order to avoid damage.
In addition, the user can be as required increases and decreases the number of layers of backbone beam.As Fig. 7, pants all are sewed with pocket at backbone beam lay down location, and three place's backbone beams 51,52 and 53 pockets of being placed respectively leave an opening, can increase and decrease according to the number of layers of different needs to the backbone beam for the user.
Biomechanics experiment proves, femoral intertrochanteric damage, neck of femur damage, backbone chest lumbar vertebrae and the damage of sacrum tail bone that this product can effectively prevent to fall and cause; Slow down generation development and its pain that causes of synovitis of ischiac tubercle simultaneously.