CN102081249B - Image display method of stereoscopic display - Google Patents

Abstract

An image display method of a stereoscopic display. The image display method includes the following steps. A stereoscopic display is provided which provides N viewing angles for a viewer. The stereoscopic display comprises a periodic structure and a pixel plane. According to the N value, N visual areas are divided in space. And forming a projection area corresponding to each visual area on the pixel plane by virtue of the periodic structure. Wherein each projection area corresponds to at least one sub-pixel unit on the pixel plane. And obtaining the image information of each visual area according to the sub-pixel unit corresponding to each visual area. Synthesizing the image information of each visual area to display a three-dimensional image. The invention can increase the convenience of use and the tolerance of the alignment precision between the optical element and the display.

Description

Image display method of stereoscopic display

technical field

The invention relates to an image display method, in particular to an image display method for a stereoscopic display.

Background technique

With the advancement and development of science and technology, people's enjoyment of material life and spiritual level has always only increased but never decreased. On a spiritual level, in this era of rapid technological change, people hope to realize their wild imagination through stereoscopic displays, so as to achieve immersive effects; therefore, how to make stereoscopic displays present stereoscopic images or images has become a Today's stereoscopic display technology desperately wants to achieve the goal.

In terms of current display technologies, stereoscopic display technologies can be broadly classified into stereoscopic, in which viewers need to wear specially designed glasses to watch, and auto-stereoscopic, in which viewers directly watch with naked eyes. Among them, the glasses-wearing stereoscopic display technology has matured and is widely used in some special purposes such as military simulation or large-scale entertainment, but the glasses-wearing stereoscopic display technology is not easy because of its poor convenience and comfort. universal. Therefore, the naked-eye stereoscopic display technology has gradually developed and become a new trend.

The naked-eye stereoscopic display technology has been developed into a multi-view stereoscopic display technology. The advantage of the stereoscopic display technology with multiple viewing angles is that it can provide viewers with greater viewing space or viewing freedom. However, for the traditional naked-eye stereoscopic display, the viewing distance between the viewer and the stereoscopic display must be fixed at the beginning, so as to maintain the display quality seen by the viewer. However, this restriction causes great inconvenience to viewers. In addition, traditional glasses-free stereoscopic displays have very strict requirements on the alignment between the optical elements and the display, which is a big challenge for production.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides an image display method of a three-dimensional display, which allows the viewer to freely adjust the viewing distance, maintains good display quality, and increases the error tolerance of the precise alignment between the optical element and the display.

The invention provides an image display method of a stereoscopic display. The image display method includes the following steps. A stereoscopic display is provided, which can provide a viewer with N multi-views. Wherein, the stereoscopic display includes at least one periodic structure and at least one pixel plane. According to the N value, N view zones are divided in the space. By means of the periodic structure, the projection area corresponding to each viewing area is formed on the pixel plane. Wherein, each projection area corresponds to at least one sub-pixel unit on the pixel plane. The image information of each viewing area is obtained according to the sub-pixel unit corresponding to each viewing area. The image information of each viewing area is synthesized to display a stereoscopic image frame.

In an embodiment of the present invention, each of the aforementioned viewing areas is a line segment in a one-dimensional space or a plane in a two-dimensional space.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the period number of the above-mentioned periodic structure is T. In the step of forming each projection area on the pixel plane, each viewing area forms T projection areas on the pixel plane.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the above image display method further includes the following steps. It is compared whether each sub-pixel unit corresponds to more than two viewing areas.

In an embodiment of the present invention, if each sub-pixel unit does not correspond to more than two viewing areas, in the step of obtaining image information of each viewing area, the image information of each sub-pixel unit is regarded as the corresponding viewing area area image information.

In an embodiment of the present invention, if each sub-pixel unit corresponds to more than two viewing areas, in the step of obtaining image information of each viewing area, the image information superposition method of each sub-pixel unit is corresponding to each viewing area The function of the projection amount of the projection area to obtain the image information of each viewing area.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the above image display method further includes the following steps. Define multiple reference points on a periodic structure. According to each viewing area and its corresponding reference point, position information on the pixel plane of the projection area corresponding to each viewing area is obtained. According to the position information of each projection area, the sub-pixel unit corresponding to each viewing area is determined.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned reference points are arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction. The step of defining a reference point includes the following steps. The distance between the reference points in the first direction is adjusted according to the distance between the viewer and the stereoscopic display. The angle between the second direction and the first direction is adjusted according to the distance between the viewer and the stereoscopic display.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the periodic structure includes a lenticular lens, a liquid crystal lens, a slit barrier or a prism.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the above sub-pixel units include red sub-pixel units, green sub-pixel units and blue sub-pixel units.

Based on the above, in the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the image display method of the stereoscopic display can adjust the displayed content for different viewing distances, so as to increase the convenience of use and the error tolerance of the precise alignment between the optical element and the display. Spend.

In order to make the above-mentioned features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the following specific embodiments are described in detail together with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a stereoscopic display according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the stereoscopic display in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the stereoscopic display in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 4 shows the position information corresponding to one of the viewing areas in FIG. 1 on the pixel plane.

FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B show the weights of each sub-pixel unit in pictures of different angles before synthesizing stereoscopic image frames.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of steps of an image display method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a simplified schematic diagram of the stereoscopic display of FIG. 1 .

8A and 8B are schematic diagrams showing different viewing distances according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, the reference signs are explained as follows:

100: stereoscopic display

110: LCD panel

111: Color filter layer

112: base panel

113: Polarizing layer

114a: lower glass layer

114b: upper glass layer

116: Organic material layer

118: air gap

120: optical element

130, VZ1, VZ2: view zone

D, D1, D2: viewing distance

O, V1~V8: endpoints of the viewport

W: the width of the viewport

Wp: the width of the sub-pixel unit

p: Pitch of lenticular lenses

P: the spacing of the reference point in the x direction

PJ1, PJ2, PJ3: projection area

k: the angle between the lenticular lens and the y direction

K: the angle between the second direction and the y direction

Pr, Pr1, Pr2: Reference point

Px1: The coordinate point of the endpoint relative to the reference point on the pixel plane

I1, I2: pictures

S600, S602, S604, S606, S608: steps of the image display method

Detailed ways

In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the image display method of the stereoscopic display can be configured for different viewing distances, and the deployment includes horizontal and vertical directions, so that the viewing distance is no longer limited to a specific distance, and then Increase the convenience of using stereoscopic displays. In addition, since the display content can be adjusted, the tolerable error of the alignment accuracy between the optical element and the display is large, which can reduce the difficulty and cost of manufacturing.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a stereoscopic display according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 1 , in this embodiment, a stereoscopic display 100 includes a liquid crystal display panel 110 and an optical element 120 , wherein the liquid crystal display panel 110 includes a pixel plane, and the optical element 120 is, for example, a periodic structure.

In this embodiment, the stereoscopic display 100 is, for example, a multi-view stereoscopic display, which can provide a viewer with N viewing angles. For the stereoscopic display 100 with multiple viewing angles, the value N represents the image information of N pictures as the source of the content of the stereoscopic image.

Therefore, the image display method of this embodiment divides N view zones 130 (view zones) with a width of W in space according to the N value. Here, the value of N is, for example, 8, as shown in FIG. 1 . However, the number of viewing zones in this embodiment can also be a value other than 8, and 8 viewing zones represent 8 pictures taken from 8 different angles of the same object to synthesize a stereoscopic image of the object.

In this embodiment, the viewing area is located on a plane parallel to the stereoscopic display 100 , but the present invention is not limited thereto. The form of the viewing area, such as width, position, arrangement, and distance from the stereoscopic display is only for illustration, and the arrangement is not limited to a straight line or an arc as long as it is continuous. Each viewing area is a line segment in a one-dimensional space or a plane in a two-dimensional space. Here, a line segment in a one-dimensional space is taken as an example. It should be noted that the distance D between the viewing area and the 3D display may represent a viewing distance between a viewer and the 3D display 100 .

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the stereoscopic display in FIG. 1 . Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , in this embodiment, the optical element 120 can be directly attached or mechanically assembled on the liquid crystal display panel 110 , and the optical element 120 has a periodic structure in at least one direction. Here, the optical element 120 is, for example, a lenticular lens, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the optical element 120 may be a liquid crystal lens, a slit barrier or a prism.

In this embodiment, the LCD panel 110 includes a base panel 112 , a lower glass layer 114 a , an upper glass layer 114 b and an organic material layer 116 . Wherein, the base panel 112 includes a polarizing layer 113 and a color filter layer 111 , and there is an air gap 118 between the lower glass layer 114 a and the upper glass layer 114 b.

In this embodiment, the material of the organic material layer 116 is, for example, polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The color filter layer 111 includes red (R), green (G) and blue (B) sub-pixel units, which are used as a pixel plane to provide image information for synthesizing a stereoscopic image. Here, the width of each sub-pixel unit is Wp.

Taking a 65-inch (65”) public information display (PID) as an example, its sub-pixel unit has a width of 0.248 millimeters (mm), a height of 0.744 mm, and a resolution of 1920×1080. Therefore, in this In the embodiment, if the central viewing distance of the stereoscopic display 100 is designed to be 3 meters and eight viewing zones are preset, the curvature radius of each lenticular lens is, for example, 7 mm.

In this embodiment, the thickness and refractive index of each layer of the liquid crystal display panel 110 are exemplified in the following table (1):

Table I)

                                                 

Organic material layer 116 0.188 1.5

Upper glass layer 114b 4 1.5

Air gap 118 4.6 1

Lower glass layer 114a 6 1.5

Polarizing layer 113 0.2 1.33

Color filter layer 111 0.7 1.5

It should be noted that the width of each viewing area in this embodiment must be calculated according to the structure of the corresponding display. Regardless of the structure of the display, the viewing area width W, the viewing distance D, and the width Wp of the sub-pixel unit conform to the following relationship Formula 1):

W/D＝Wp/Dop Relational formula (1)

Wherein, the optical distance Dop represents the optical path length (optical path length) when the light beam transmits in the liquid crystal display panel 110 . It can be seen from the above relational expression (1) that when the stereoscopic display is manufactured, the width Wp and the optical path Dop of the sub-pixel unit are determined. Therefore, in the image display method of this embodiment, when the viewer and the stereoscopic display 100 watch When the distance D is changed, the viewing area width W can also be changed accordingly. In other words, the image display method of this embodiment can adjust the displayed content for different viewing distances, so as to increase the convenience of use.

In detail, taking the structure of the stereoscopic display (65 "PID) of the present embodiment as an example, please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, assuming that the viewing distance D between the viewer and the stereoscopic display 100 = 2.5 meters (meters), and in the space If 8 viewing areas are divided, considering the influence of each layered structure of the liquid crystal display panel 110 on the optical path Dop, according to the parameters shown in Table (1), the calculation result is:

Dop＝0188×1.5+4×1.5+4.6×1+6×1.5+0.2×1.33+0.7×1.5

=12.01mm

Therefore, substituting the parameters D=2.5m, Dop=12.01mm, and Wp=0.248mm into the relational formula (1), W=51.58mm can be obtained. That is to say, in this embodiment, when the viewing distance D changes, the viewing area width W will also change accordingly.

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the stereoscopic display in FIG. 2 . Please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , in this embodiment, the optical element 120 is, for example, formed by a plurality of cylindrical lenses (that is, the number is T) arranged along the x direction and the period number is T, and the pitch after manufacture is p , and the included angle with the y direction after being attached to the liquid crystal display panel 110 is k.

In the image display method of this embodiment, in order to maintain good display quality, a plurality of reference points Pr are defined on the lenticular lens (periodic structure) for subsequent calculation. In this embodiment, the reference points Pr are arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction, wherein the first direction is, for example, the x direction, and the second direction, for example, has an inclined interval with the y direction. Angle K. In addition, the pitch of each reference point Pr in the x direction is P in this embodiment.

Generally speaking, if the lenticular lens is perfectly made, and the angle of attachment to the LCD panel is as accurate as the design, and the viewing distance of the viewer and the width of the eyes are also the same as the value planned by the design of the lenticular lens, Then P=p and K=k. However, due to the current production and alignment accuracy, the above perfect conditions will be difficult to achieve. In addition, the position of the viewer may not be the preset viewing distance, so the corresponding display content also needs to be adjusted.

Therefore, in the image display method of this embodiment, the pitch P is an adjustable parameter for adjusting the display content in the x direction, and the tilt angle K is also an adjustable parameter for adjusting the display in the y direction content. It should be particularly noted that adjusting the inclination angle K means adjusting the included angle between the second direction and the first direction.

After the viewer stands at a fixed position (that is, the viewing distance D is fixed), he can adjust the parameters P and K with a remote control or any other input method until the stereoscopic image he sees is satisfactory. In other words, the displayed content can adjust the parameters P and K according to the distance between the viewer and the stereoscopic display, so the adjusted parameters P and K obtained by the viewer can be regarded as a corrected result. When the stereoscopic image is played later, the stereoscopic display 100 performs image processing on the picture to be played according to the parameters P and K.

Therefore, since the display content can be adjusted, the tolerable error of the alignment accuracy between the optical element and the display is larger, which can reduce the difficulty and cost of manufacturing.

FIG. 4 shows the position information corresponding to one of the viewing areas in FIG. 1 on the pixel plane. Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 4. In this embodiment, taking the two ends V1, V2 and the reference points Pr1, Pr2 of the viewing zone VZ1 as an example, the light beam transmitted to the end point V1 through the reference point Pr1 can use the beam tracing principle ( ray tracing) and Snell's law (Snell's law), to track which coordinate point on the pixel plane the beam corresponds to. In FIG. 4, t is the tangent line of the lenticular lens at the reference point Pr1, and n is the normal line of the lenticular lens at the reference point Pr1.

Specifically, the coordinate point of the endpoint V1 relative to the reference point Pr1 on the pixel plane can be calculated as (Px1, Py1) by using the principle of beam tracing and Seinell's law, for example. Similarly, using the above method, the coordinate point of the endpoint V1 relative to the reference point Pr2 on the pixel plane can be calculated as (Px2, Py2), and the coordinate point of the endpoint V2 relative to the reference point Pr1, Pr2 on the pixel plane is (Px3, Py3), (Px4, Py4).

In other words, in the image display method of this embodiment, according to each viewing area and its corresponding reference point, the position information of the projection area corresponding to each viewing area on the pixel plane can be obtained. Furthermore, according to the position information of each projection area, the sub-pixel unit corresponding to each viewing area is determined. In this embodiment, the projection area corresponding to each viewing area on the pixel plane may include more than one sub-pixel unit.

From another point of view, a specific sub-pixel unit may only correspond to one viewing area, and at this time, it is defined that the weighting factor (weighting factor) of the sub-pixel unit for the specific image frame of the viewing area is 1. Therefore, in this embodiment, the image display method further includes comparing whether each sub-pixel unit corresponds to more than two viewing areas, and then calculating the weight of a specific sub-pixel unit for a specific image frame of a specific viewing area. In this embodiment, the space is divided into 8 viewing zones, which means that there are 8 pictures taken from 8 different angles of the same object to synthesize a stereoscopic image of the object.

FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B show the weights of each sub-pixel unit in pictures of different angles before synthesizing stereoscopic image frames. Please refer to FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B . In FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B , the pictures I1 and I2 are respectively divided into a plurality of blocks, and each block corresponds to a plurality of sub-pixel units on the pixel plane. If each sub-pixel unit in the block does not correspond to more than two viewing areas, the image information of each sub-pixel unit will be regarded as the image information of the corresponding viewing area. For example, in FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B , the block marked as 1 means that the sub-pixel unit of the block only corresponds to a specific viewing area.

If each sub-pixel unit corresponds to more than two viewing areas, the image information of each sub-pixel unit will be superimposed according to the projection amount of the projection area corresponding to each viewing area, so as to obtain the image information of each viewing area. For example, in FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, the blocks marked as 0.1, 0.2, 0.8, and 0.9 represent that the sub-pixel units of the block correspond to more than two viewing areas, and the representation values in the block represent The corresponding weight of the block. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the weights of each sub-pixel unit corresponding to different image frames are, for example, related to the ratio of the projection amount (such as the projection area) of the projection area corresponding to each viewing area, that is, its The weight is a function of the projection amount of the projection area. In other words, the image information superposition method of each sub-pixel unit is a function of the projection amount of the projection area corresponding to each viewing area, so as to obtain the image information of each viewing area.

It should be noted that FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B only show the weight distribution of the sub-pixel units in the two pictures I1 and I2 of the synthesized stereoscopic image frame. In this embodiment, 8 pixels are required to synthesize a stereoscopic image frame. Image information for a picture.

Therefore, in the image display method of this embodiment, by adjusting the parameters P and K, the weight of each sub-pixel unit for each picture can be adjusted, and then the image information input to each sub-pixel unit can be changed, so as to achieve The purpose of adjusting the image content according to the distance between the user and the stereoscopic display.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of steps of an image display method according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a simplified schematic diagram of the stereoscopic display of FIG. 1 . Please refer to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 at the same time. In this embodiment, the cycle number of the lenticular lens 120 is T, and the space is divided into 8 viewing zones 130, and only part of the lenticular lens and the viewing zones are shown in FIG. 7 , to simplify the drawing. The image display method of this embodiment includes the following steps.

First, in step S600, a stereoscopic display 100 is provided.

Next, in step S602, according to the required N value, N viewing areas are divided in space, and each viewing area has image information of its corresponding picture. Since the period number of the lenticular lens is T, each view zone forms T projection areas PJ1 , PJ2 , PJ3 , . . . , PJT (not shown) on the pixel plane 111 .

That is, in step S604 , the projection areas corresponding to the viewing areas are formed on the pixel plane 111 by means of the lenticular lens 120 . The number of sub-pixel units corresponding to each viewing area can be known from the projection amount of each viewing area on the pixel plane 111 (for example, the area covered by the projection area). Furthermore, according to the number (one or several) of sub-pixel units corresponding to each viewing area, the image information of each sub-pixel unit can be known as the image information of its corresponding viewing area.

Therefore, in step S606, the image information of each viewing area is obtained according to the sub-pixel unit corresponding to each viewing area. If the corresponding sub-pixel unit corresponds to more than two viewing areas, the image information corresponding to the two viewing areas is superimposed. For example, if a specific sub-pixel unit corresponds to viewing zones VZ1 and VZ2, and the projection amounts of viewing zones VZ1 and VZ2 on the sub-pixel unit are respectively Pj 1 and Pj2, the image information of the corresponding picture is respectively i1 and i2 , then the image signal of the sub-pixel unit is f×i1+g×i2, where f and g are functions of projection quantities Pj 1 and Pj2.

Finally, in step S608, the image information of each viewing area is synthesized to display a stereoscopic image frame.

In addition, the image display method of the embodiment of the present invention can obtain sufficient teachings, suggestions and implementation descriptions from the descriptions of the embodiments in FIGS. 1-5 , so details are not repeated here.

From another point of view, FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B show schematic diagrams of different viewing distances according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 8. In this embodiment, the sub-pixel units corresponding to each viewing area are calculated based on the principle of beam tracing and Seinell's law, and then it is determined that each sub-pixel unit gives the required image information to the corresponding viewing area. .

When the viewer is in a different position (such as FIG. 8A or FIG. 8B ), he can use a remote controller or any other input method to adjust the parameters P and K until the stereoscopic image he sees is satisfactory. As for the basis for adjusting the parameters P and K, for example, the viewer uses his left eye and a check pattern to adjust the image. Afterwards, the viewer uses his right eye and another different confirmation pattern to adjust the image until the stereoscopic image he sees is satisfactory.

To sum up, in the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the image display method of the stereoscopic display can adjust the displayed content for different viewing distances, so as to increase the convenience of use and the precise alignment between the optical elements and the display. error tolerance. .

Although the present invention has been disclosed above with the embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention The scope of protection should be subject to the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. an image display method of a stereoscopic display, the image display method comprising: A stereoscopic display is provided, wherein the stereoscopic display includes a periodic structure and a pixel plane, wherein the period number of the periodic structure is T; Divide N viewports in the space; By means of the periodic structure, T projection areas corresponding to each viewing area are formed on the pixel plane, and a plurality of reference points are defined on the periodic structure, according to the plurality of corresponding viewing areas Obtaining the position information of the projection area corresponding to each viewing area on the pixel plane as a reference point, and determining the sub-pixel unit corresponding to each viewing area according to the position information of each projection area; Comparing whether each sub-pixel unit corresponds to more than two viewing areas, if each sub-pixel unit does not correspond to more than two viewing areas, then the image information of each sub-pixel unit is regarded as corresponding If each of the sub-pixel units corresponds to two or more of the viewing areas, the image information of each of the sub-pixel units is superimposed according to the projection amount of the projection area corresponding to each of the viewing areas. , to obtain the image information of each viewport; and The image information of each viewing area is synthesized to display a stereoscopic image frame. 2. The image display method as claimed in claim 1, wherein each viewing area is a line segment in one-dimensional space or a plane in two-dimensional space. 3. The image display method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said plurality of reference points are arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction, and the step of defining said plurality of reference points comprises: adjusting the distance between the plurality of reference points in the first direction according to the distance between the viewer and the stereoscopic display; and According to the distance between the viewer and the stereoscopic display, the included angle between the second direction and the first direction is adjusted. 4. The image display method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the periodic structure comprises a lenticular lens, a liquid crystal lens, a slit grating or a prism. 5. The image display method according to claim 1, wherein the sub-pixel unit comprises a red sub-pixel unit, a green sub-pixel unit and a blue sub-pixel unit.

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