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CN102078974B - Air floatation high-speed electric main shaft - Google Patents

Air floatation high-speed electric main shaft Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102078974B
CN102078974B CN201010611059A CN201010611059A CN102078974B CN 102078974 B CN102078974 B CN 102078974B CN 201010611059 A CN201010611059 A CN 201010611059A CN 201010611059 A CN201010611059 A CN 201010611059A CN 102078974 B CN102078974 B CN 102078974B
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bearing
air
piston
hole
inwall
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CN102078974A (en
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汤秀清
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Guangzhou Haozhi Electromechanical Co Ltd
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Guangzhou Haozhi Electromechanical Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to an air floatation high-speed electric main shaft, in particular to an air floatation high-speed electric main shaft for a machining tool. A lower air bearing block assembly 7 is fixed on a thrust bearing 9, the upper part of the lower air bearing block assembly 7 is provided with a stator 6, the front end of a shaft core 5 is provided with a chuck accessory 11, an aluminum water jacket assembly 3 is fixed at the upper opening of a body assembly 10, and a tool changing cylinder assembly 1 is fixed on the upper part of the aluminum water jacket assembly 3; and the middle part of the shaft body of an upper air bearing 4 is provided with an upper air bearing cooling water passage 12. The main shaft is an electromechanical integrated base piece with high revolution number and high precision, has simple and compact structure, and is convenient to install, high in heat dissipation efficiency, multifunctional and convenient for popularization and application.

Description

A kind of air floated high speed electric mandrel
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of machining equipment, specifically a kind of precision machined air floated high speed electric mandrel of PCB that is used for.
Background technology
In the prior art, the aluminium water jacket assembly that air floated high speed electric mandrel is used, complex structure is unfavorable for the main shaft heat radiation, and inconvenience is installed, function singleness, assembly precision is not easy to hold.Bearing block assembly, structure is single, processing difficulties, loading and unloading inconvenience, heat-sinking capability is low, and Oscillation Amplitude is big.The main shaft chuck annex is used for fixing the chuck afterbody, increase chuck stability, but because when the main shaft high speed rotating, an axle despot meeting and an axle in-core wall friction.Be provided with piston and dividing plate in the cylinder block of main shaft, therefore need be at outer wall of cylinder block a plurality of screw holes that spud in, with stationary barrier; So the general requirement of cylinder body has certain thickness; This has just produced unnecessary cost of manufacture, and secondly, the diameter of piston reduces because of the thickness increase of cylinder body; Make piston thrust reduce, cause unnecessary energy consumption.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of air supporting high-speed main spindle, it is high revolution, high-precision electromechanical integration basic part, and is simple in structure, compact, easy for installation, and radiating efficiency is high, and function is many, is convenient to promote and use.
Technical solution of the present invention is at existing cylinder block set 10, cylinder back-moving spring 2, last air bearing 4; Axle core 5; The radial outer periphery at axle core 5 flange places is provided with gap division board 8, and division board 8 upper surfaces in gap are fixed with on the basis of thrust bearing 9, and the present invention is particularly in being fixed with down air bearing holder assembly 7 on the thrust bearing 9; Following air bearing holder assembly 7 tops are provided with stator 6; The front end of axle core 5 is provided with chuck annex 11, and the open upper end place of cylinder block set 10 is fixed with aluminium water jacket assembly 3, and aluminium water jacket assembly 3 tops are fixed with tool changing cylinder assembly 1; Last air bearing 4 axis bodies middle part is provided with air bearing cooling water road 12.
More than down air bearing holder assembly 7 of the present invention; It has comprised bearing block 7.2; The outside water flow passage 7.7 in footpath of bearing block 7.2 bearing boss middle part one side, the upper and lower outer wall of the nearly outer water flow passage 7.7 of bearing boss is equipped with aqueous vapor sealing ring 7.3, and bearing boss periphery is provided with airtight seal 7.6; Bearing boss near head end and paraxial bearing 7.2 places are equipped with the flow channel 7.4 that radially connects; The inwall of the through hole in the bearing is provided with internal bearing sleeve 7.1, and the headtotail end between internal bearing sleeve 7.1 and through hole inwall is equipped with vibration damping sealing ring 7.5, and water flow passage 7.8 communicated with outer water flow passage 7.7 in internal bearing sleeve 7.1 middle parts were provided with; The flow channel 7.4 of internal bearing sleeve 7.1 corresponding bearing boss is provided with air stream outlet, and air flow outlet is provided with damping plug 7.9.
Stator 6 of the present invention is provided with water-cooled mechanism; This mechanism has comprised power line 6.5; Stator 6 outer walls are provided with tank 6.3; Tank 6.3 two ends end to end is respectively equipped with preceding sealing ring 6.2 and back sealing ring 6.4, and tank 6.3 is equally divided into outlet area 6.7 and inlet area 6.6, is provided with into water backwater spacing block 6.8 between outlet area 6.7 and the inlet area 6.6.
Above-described aluminium water jacket assembly 3; It has comprised the Connection Block 3.2 of aluminium water jacket; The port of Connection Block 3.2 and paraxial bearing place outer wall are equipped with sealing ring 3.1; Connection Block 3.2 positive middle parts are provided with the push-rod hole of axial perforation, and the outer wall of the Connection Block 3.2 between two sealing rings 3.1 is provided with bosh 3.4, and a sidewall of Connection Block 3.1 has the inlet opening 3.9 that is connected with bosh 3.4; The inwall of push-rod hole is provided with at least one bearing shell 3.3; Have air admission hole 3.5 and backwater hole 3.8 to be separately positioned on the sidewall of Connection Block 3.2, both all are connected with the bottom face of Connection Block 3.2; Be provided with return-air hole 3.7 and power connection 3.6 in the relative side-walls of bearing block, all with the bearing block intracavity inter-connection, the upper and lower end of push-rod hole inwall is equipped with bearing shell 3.3.
Tool changing cylinder assembly 1 of the present invention, it has comprised cylinder body 1.4, cylinder body 1.4 outer walls middle part and bottom are provided with steam vent; Suction nozzle 1.1, upper strata dividing plate 1.6, lower floor's dividing plate 1.10; Be equipped with sealing ring 1.7 between each dividing plate and cylinder body 1.4 inwalls, top cover 1.3, one or more piston 1.9; Piston 1.9 front ends run through lower floor's dividing plate 1.10, and said lower floor dividing plate 1.10 through part inwalls and piston 1.9 head end outer walls are provided with sealing ring 1.11, and the head end of piston 1.9 is provided with the breach 1.13 of axially extending bore; Be provided with sealing ring 1.8 between piston 1.9 and cylinder body 1.4 inwalls, the axial centre of piston 1.9 is provided with through hole 1.14, and the top inwall of through hole 1.14 is provided with screw thread 1.16; Be provided with jump ring 1.5 between the upper surface of top cover 1.3 inwalls and upper strata dividing plate 1.6, have screw 1.2 to run through top cover 1.3, upper strata dividing plate 1.6 and jump ring 1.5; Be provided with higher level's piston and subordinate's piston in the cylinder body 1.4, the head end breach of higher level's piston is arranged on the axially extending bore end of subordinate's piston; Cylinder body 1.4 bottoms are provided with counterbore 1.12 and fix with subordinate's cylinder or body; Cylinder body 1.4 outer walls middle part is provided with steam vent 1.17, and cylinder body 1.4 outer wall bottoms are provided with steam vent 1.15; The head end of suction nozzle 1.1 is provided with damping hole 1.18.
More than chuck annex 11 of the present invention, it has comprised an axle core 5, axle overlord body 11.2, the external cover 11.3 of axle overlord, butterfly spring 11.4, chuck 11.5, external cover 11.3 outer walls of axle overlord are provided with two oil-ways 11.6.
Connect satisfactory pressure air from the body air inlet during main shaft work; Affacting a core behind the core that dams of pressure air through air bearing and thrust bearing makes a core be in suspended state fully; Have no contact friction in the time of can making rotation, reduced friction loss and heating most possibly; Feed satisfactory cooling water from the body water inlet; Through the thrust bearing top, go up the water channel of air bearing tank, the inside and outside interlayer of body and down the air bearing tank back of circulating discharge; When taking away machine operation and the heat that produced of windage, guarantee that main shaft is stable, work reliably; To motor stator the rotation of satisfactory three-phase alternating current variable-frequency power sources driving shaft core is provided, but the multiple cutters such as chuck annex clamping drilling bit of axle core bottom carry out high efficiency, high-precision processing, according to the specific requirement range of revolution can be 20,000-200,000/minute select.When needs carry out cutter changing, feed compressed air for the top cylinder, the axle despot in the piston push rod impeller-hub core and compact disc spring move down chuck to open and just unload bottom tool and pack new cutter into, cut off just clamp-on tool automatically of cylinder air feed.Can carry out automatic high speed, highly-efficient processing if be installed in to control on the automated machine tool just.Temperature sensor and tachogenerator are housed in the main shaft can carry out the corresponding feedback protection.
The invention has the advantages that:
Utilize variable-frequency power sources to regulate incoming frequency when 1, working, can make number of moving part can reach 200000rpm, satisfy high speed, high-precision processing requirement;
2, work the time utilizes compressed air to feed upper and lower air-bearing and thrust bearing floats a core fully, does not have any contact with each part, can drop to friction minimum; For giving security at a high speed, because bearing block and bearing inner sleeve cooling water directly cool off a while bearing inner sleeve and an axle core close; So good heat dissipation effect, the vibration damping sealing ring designs between bearing block and bearing inner sleeve, good damping result; Easy for installation, operating reliability is high;
Connect cooling fluid when 3, working, thrust bearing, air bearing and motor etc. are forced cooling, take away motor heat loss and air friction heat, guarantee the main shaft long-term stable operation;
4, for satisfying quick startability, reducing startup inertia, the rotating shaft diameter dimension carries out suitable dwindling, but for guaranteeing enough air bearing supporting force and rigidity, has adopted two groups of supporting structures on the upper and lower air bearing structure.
5, air friction heat carries out directly cooling of integral body to the influence of air bearing precision to upper and lower air bearing in order to reduce at a high speed down;
6, utilize cylinder can realize changing automatically various required cutters, housing structure is compact, because outer wall of cylinder block it goes without doing screw hole; So can do thinly as far as possible, save material, after diameter of cylinder is confirmed; Can accomplish maximum to the diameter of internal piston, produce maximum thrust; Axle despot assembly loading and unloading cutter is convenient, reduces friction as far as possible, makes whole motion more smooth and easy, and high efficiency improves the axle core life-span, can guarantee assembly precision, and processing is simple, and operating reliability is high;
7, employing special warfare direct camphane copper mouse cage in the middle part of rotating shaft is made rotor, realizes that the middle part transmission makes more reasonable structure, compactness, reduces greatly than steel solid rotor power attenuation and rotating shaft temperature rise simultaneously, also more helps reliably working under the high speed;
8, adopt reasonable process technology route and Precision Machining means, cooperate the special warfare of necessity to guarantee the product realization and reach quality;
9, whole water channel flexible design, ingenious, metal (upper, stator, aluminium water jacket assembly directly cool off, and the structure before cooling effect is compared has had remarkable improvement; Be used for fixing body inner chamber place during stator work, feed three-phase current, produce electromagnetic torque at power line; Drive rotor rotation; Cooling water circulates in stator inlet area, tank, outlet area, produces heat when taking away rotor high-speed rotation and windage and machine operation, thereby reaches cooling-down effect; Aluminium water jacket material uses the aluminium surface through oxidation processes, and light weight is arranged, and radiating efficiency is high, and is corrosion-resistant strong; Good looking appearance, structural design is simple, compact, rigidity is strong, and function of use is many, easy installation and removal; Can guarantee assembly precision, Connection Block increases bosh, can directly cool off;
10, the processing of body water channel is simple, and working (machining) efficiency is high;
11, between bearing block and bearing inner sleeve, sealing ring is installed, the axle core is because internal drive produces turbulence when rotating at a high speed impacts bearing inner sleeve and causes vibration, and the vibration damping sealing ring plays cushioning effect, thereby vibrates when reducing main axis rotation, and it is good to reduce vibrating effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the organigram of main shaft section of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cutter cylinder profile construction sketch map that unloads of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the organigram of aluminium water jacket air admission hole section of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the organigram of aluminium water jacket power connection of the present invention and return-air hole.
Fig. 5 is the organigram of aluminium water jacket backwater hole section of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the organigram of aluminium water jacket of the present invention inlet opening section.
Fig. 7 is the profile construction sketch map of stator of the present invention and water-cooled mechanism thereof.
Fig. 8 is the D structure sketch map of stator of the present invention and water-cooled mechanism thereof.
Fig. 9 is an air bearing holder assembly profile construction sketch map down of the present invention.
Figure 10 is a chuck annex profile construction sketch map of the present invention.
Figure 11 is that the axle overlord body in the chuck annex of the present invention is joined organigram with axle overlord extracorporeal set.
Figure 12 is the axle overlord body K place organigram in the chuck annex of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Shown in each figure of Fig. 1 to Figure 12, the present invention is at existing cylinder block set 10, cylinder back-moving spring 2; Last air bearing 4, axle core 5, the radial outer periphery at axle core 5 flange places is provided with gap division board 8; Division board 8 upper surfaces in gap are fixed with on the basis of thrust bearing 9; The present invention is particularly in being fixed with down air bearing holder assembly 7 on the thrust bearing 9, following air bearing holder assembly 7 tops are provided with stator 6, and the front end of axle core 5 is provided with chuck annex 11; The open upper end place of cylinder block set 10 is fixed with aluminium water jacket assembly 3, and aluminium water jacket assembly 3 tops are fixed with tool changing cylinder assembly 1; Last air bearing 4 axis bodies middle part is provided with air bearing cooling water road 12.
Embodiment 2
Identical with embodiment 1; Be described air bearing holder assembly 7 down, it has comprised bearing block 7.2, the outside water flow passage 7.7 in footpath of bearing block 7.2 bearing boss middle part one side; The upper and lower outer wall of the nearly outer water flow passage 7.7 of bearing boss is equipped with aqueous vapor sealing ring 7.3; Bearing boss periphery is provided with airtight seal 7.6, and bearing boss near head end and paraxial bearing 7.2 places are equipped with the flow channel 7.4 that radially connects, and the inwall of the through hole in the bearing is provided with internal bearing sleeve 7.1; Headtotail end between internal bearing sleeve 7.1 and through hole inwall is equipped with vibration damping sealing ring 7.5; Water flow passage 7.8 communicated with outer water flow passage 7.7 in internal bearing sleeve 7.1 middle parts were provided with, and the flow channel 7.4 of internal bearing sleeve 7.1 corresponding bearing boss is provided with air stream outlet, and air flow outlet is provided with damping plug 7.9.
Embodiment 3
Identical with embodiment 1; Be that described stator 6 is provided with water-cooled mechanism; This mechanism has comprised power line 6.5, and stator 6 outer walls are provided with tank 6.3, and tank 6.3 two ends end to end is respectively equipped with preceding sealing ring 6.2 and back sealing ring 6.4; Tank 6.3 is equally divided into outlet area 6.7 and inlet area 6.6, is provided with into water backwater spacing block 6.8 between outlet area 6.7 and the inlet area 6.6.
Embodiment 4
Identical with embodiment 1; It is described aluminium water jacket assembly 3; It has comprised the Connection Block 3.2 of aluminium water jacket, and the port of Connection Block 3.2 and paraxial bearing place outer wall are equipped with sealing ring 3.1, and Connection Block 3.2 positive middle parts are provided with the push-rod hole of axial perforation; The outer wall of the Connection Block 3.2 between two sealing rings 3.1 is provided with bosh 3.4, and a sidewall of Connection Block 3.1 has the inlet opening 3.9 that is connected with bosh 3.4; The inwall of push-rod hole is provided with at least one bearing shell 3.3; Have air admission hole 3.5 and backwater hole 3.8 to be separately positioned on the sidewall of Connection Block 3.2, both all are connected with the bottom face of Connection Block 3.2; Be provided with return-air hole 3.7 and power connection 3.6 in the relative side-walls of bearing block, all with the bearing block intracavity inter-connection, the upper and lower end of push-rod hole inwall is equipped with bearing shell 3.3.
Embodiment 5
Identical with embodiment 1, be described tool changing cylinder assembly 1, it has comprised cylinder body 1.4; Cylinder body 1.4 outer walls middle part and bottom are provided with steam vent, suction nozzle 1.1, upper strata dividing plate 1.6; Lower floor's dividing plate 1.10 is equipped with sealing ring 1.7, top cover 1.3 between each dividing plate and cylinder body 1.4 inwalls; One or more piston 1.9, piston 1.9 front ends run through lower floor's dividing plate 1.10, and said lower floor dividing plate 1.10 through part inwalls and piston 1.9 head end outer walls are provided with sealing ring 1.11; The head end of piston 1.9 is provided with the breach 1.13 of axially extending bore, is provided with sealing ring 1.8 between piston 1.9 and cylinder body 1.4 inwalls, and the axial centre of piston 1.9 is provided with through hole 1.14; The top inwall of through hole 1.14 is provided with screw thread 1.16, is provided with jump ring 1.5 between the upper surface of top cover 1.3 inwalls and upper strata dividing plate 1.6, has screw 1.2 to run through top cover 1.3, upper strata dividing plate 1.6 and jump ring 1.5; Be provided with higher level's piston and subordinate's piston in the cylinder body 1.4, the head end breach of higher level's piston is arranged on the axially extending bore end of subordinate's piston; Cylinder body 1.4 bottoms are provided with counterbore 1.12 and fix with subordinate's cylinder or body; Cylinder body 1.4 outer walls middle part is provided with steam vent 1.17, and cylinder body 1.4 outer wall bottoms are provided with steam vent 1.15; The head end of suction nozzle 1.1 is provided with damping hole 1.18.
Embodiment 6
Identical with the arbitrary example of above-mentioned each embodiment, be described chuck annex 11, it has comprised axle core 5, axle overlord body 11.2, the external cover 11.3 of axle overlord, butterfly spring 11.4, chuck 11.5, external cover 11.3 outer walls of axle overlord are provided with two oil-ways 11.6.

Claims (5)

1. air floated high speed electric mandrel, it has comprised cylinder block set (10), cylinder back-moving spring (2); Last air bearing (4), axle core (5), the radial outer periphery at axle core (5) flange place is provided with gap division board (8); Gap division board (8) upper surface is fixed with thrust bearing (9); It is characterized in that being fixed with down on the thrust bearing (9) air bearing holder assembly (7), following air bearing holder assembly (7) top is provided with stator (6), and the front end of axle core (5) is provided with chuck annex (11); The open upper end place of cylinder block set (10) is fixed with aluminium water jacket assembly (3), and aluminium water jacket assembly (3) top is fixed with tool changing cylinder assembly (1); Last air bearing (4) axis body middle part is provided with air bearing cooling water road (12);
Described air bearing holder assembly (7) down; It has comprised bearing block (7.2); The outside water flow passage in footpath (7.7) of bearing block (7.2) bearing boss middle part one side; The upper and lower outer wall of the nearly outer water flow passage (7.7) of bearing boss is equipped with aqueous vapor sealing ring (7.3); Bearing boss periphery is provided with airtight seal (7.6), and bearing boss near head end and paraxial bearing (7.2) locate to be equipped with the flow channel (7.4) that radially connects, and the inwall of the through hole in the bearing is provided with internal bearing sleeve (7.1); Headtotail end between internal bearing sleeve (7.1) and through hole inwall is equipped with vibration damping sealing ring (7.5); Internal bearing sleeve (7.1) middle part is provided with interior water flow passage (7.8) and communicates with outer water flow passage (7.7), and the flow channel (7.4) of the corresponding bearing boss of internal bearing sleeve (7.1) is provided with air stream outlet, and air flow outlet is provided with damping plug (7.9).
2. a kind of air floated high speed electric mandrel according to claim 1; It is characterized in that stator (6) is provided with water-cooled mechanism; This mechanism has comprised power line (6.5); Stator (6) outer wall is provided with tank (6.3); Tank (6.3) two ends end to end is respectively equipped with preceding sealing ring (6.2) and back sealing ring (6.4), and tank (6.3) is equally divided into outlet area (6.7) and inlet area (6.6), is provided with into water backwater spacing block (6.8) between outlet area (6.7) and inlet area (6.6).
3. a kind of air floated high speed electric mandrel according to claim 1; It is characterized in that aluminium water jacket assembly (3); It has comprised the Connection Block (3.2) of aluminium water jacket; The port of Connection Block (3.2) and paraxial bearing place outer wall are equipped with sealing ring (3.1); The positive middle part of Connection Block (3.2) is provided with the push-rod hole of axial perforation, and the outer wall of the Connection Block (3.2) between two sealing rings (3.1) is provided with bosh (3.4), and a sidewall of Connection Block (3.1) has the inlet opening (3.9) that is connected with bosh (3.4); The inwall of push-rod hole is provided with at least one bearing shell (3.3); Have air admission hole (3.5) and backwater hole (3.8) to be separately positioned on the sidewall of Connection Block (3.2), both all are connected with the bottom face of Connection Block (3.2); Be provided with return-air hole (3.7) and power connection (3.6) in the relative side-walls of bearing block, all with the bearing block intracavity inter-connection, the upper and lower end of push-rod hole inwall is equipped with bearing shell (3.3).
4. a kind of air floated high speed electric mandrel according to claim 1 is characterized in that tool changing cylinder assembly (1), and it has comprised cylinder body (1.4); Cylinder body (1.4) outer wall middle part and bottom are provided with steam vent, suction nozzle (1.1), upper strata dividing plate (1.6); Lower floor's dividing plate (1.10); Be equipped with sealing ring (1.7) between each dividing plate and cylinder body (1.4) inwall, top cover (1.3), one or more piston (1.9); Piston (1.9) front end runs through lower floor's dividing plate (1.10); Said lower floor dividing plate (1.10) through part inwall and piston (1.9) head end outer wall are provided with sealing ring (1.11), and the head end of piston (1.9) is provided with the breach (1.13) of axially extending bore, are provided with sealing ring (1.8) between piston (1.9) and cylinder body (1.4) inwall; The axial centre of piston (1.9) is provided with through hole (1.14); The top inwall of through hole (1.14) is provided with screw thread (1.16), is provided with jump ring (1.5) between the upper surface of top cover (1.3) inwall and upper strata dividing plate (1.6), has screw (1.2) to run through top cover (1.3), upper strata dividing plate (1.6) and jump ring (1.5); Be provided with higher level's piston and subordinate's piston in the cylinder body (1.4), the head end breach of higher level's piston is arranged on the axially extending bore end of subordinate's piston; Cylinder body (1.4) bottom is provided with counterbore (1.12) and fixes with subordinate's cylinder or body; Cylinder body (1.4) outer wall middle part is provided with steam vent (1.17), and cylinder body (1.4) outer wall bottom is provided with steam vent (1.15); The head end of suction nozzle (1.1) is provided with damping hole (1.18).
5. according to each described a kind of air floated high speed electric mandrel of claim 1 to 4; It is characterized in that chuck annex (11), it has comprised axle core (5), axle overlord's body (11.2); The axle external cover of overlord (11.3); Butterfly spring (11.4), chuck (11.5), the axle external cover of overlord (11.3) outer wall is provided with two oil-ways (11.6).
CN201010611059A 2010-12-29 2010-12-29 Air floatation high-speed electric main shaft Active CN102078974B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN113084564A (en) * 2021-03-09 2021-07-09 武汉镁里镁科技有限公司 Long thin-wall pipe fitting machining clamp and machining method

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