CN102071351A - Vermicularizing treatment process of vanadium-titanium vermicular graphite cast iron - Google Patents
Vermicularizing treatment process of vanadium-titanium vermicular graphite cast iron Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- GFNGCDBZVSLSFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium vanadium Chemical compound [Ti].[V] GFNGCDBZVSLSFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 156
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 66
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 66
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 206010000117 Abnormal behaviour Diseases 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000628997 Flos Species 0.000 description 2
- CXCBJSTXZQPTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.[Fe].[Ti].[V] Chemical compound O.[Fe].[Ti].[V] CXCBJSTXZQPTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GSIWFGZNTCHCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[C].[Ti].[V] Chemical compound [N].[C].[Ti].[V] GSIWFGZNTCHCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种钒钛蠕墨铸铁蠕化处理工艺，包括以下步骤：将原料按重量百分比配置为以下组分：碳为3.4～3.9％，硅为2.1～2.8％，锰为0.5～0.9％，磷≤0.10％，硫≤0.07％，钒为0.10～0.35％，钛为0.1～0.25％，余量为铁和不可避免的杂质。将钒钛磁铁矿熔化后获得的1320℃～1350℃的高温铁水直接转入中频电炉进行熔炼，铁水炉前成分化验合格后，于1450℃～1480℃出炉，采用冲入法将铁水倒入浇注处理包进行蠕化处理和孕育处理，处理完成后静置2-3min可用于浇注。发明所述工艺流程简单，能耗低，且用本发明所述的工艺制备得到的钒钛蠕墨铸铁性能优越，各方面的指标都满足要求。The invention discloses a vermicular treatment process of vanadium-titanium vermicular graphite cast iron, which comprises the following steps: configuring the raw materials into the following components according to weight percentage: 3.4-3.9% of carbon, 2.1-2.8% of silicon, and 0.5-0.9% of manganese %, phosphorus≤0.10%, sulfur≤0.07%, vanadium is 0.10-0.35%, titanium is 0.1-0.25%, and the balance is iron and unavoidable impurities. The 1320℃～1350℃ high-temperature molten iron obtained after melting the vanadium-titanium magnetite is directly transferred to the intermediate frequency electric furnace for smelting. The pouring treatment package is used for vermicularization treatment and inoculation treatment, and it can be used for pouring after standing for 2-3 minutes after the treatment. The technological process described in the invention is simple, the energy consumption is low, and the performance of the vanadium-titanium compacted graphite cast iron prepared by the technological process described in the present invention is superior, and the indexes in various aspects all meet the requirements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the material field of metallurgy, particularly a kind of wriggling of vermicular cast iron treatment process.
Background technology
Because graphitic cast iron has castability preferably, is applied to a plurality of fields.It is satisfactory that but physical and mechanical property, physical strength, resistance to low temperature and the thermal fatigue resistance of the product of graphitic cast iron preparation are difficult in practical process, and in use occur the phenomenon of thermal crack and quick abrasion easily, causes certain potential safety hazard.Can obtain high-strength alloy graphitic cast iron by adding alloying element, mainly adopt high C low-alloy V, Mo graphitic cast iron as states such as Great Britain and Americas, states such as Russia mainly adopt Cr, Ni, Mo alloy gray cast-iron, but, make the production cost of above-mentioned cast alloy iron higher owing to added noble alloy elements such as Ni, Mo.When producing brake drum for automobile or retarding disc, just mainly is to adopt the low-alloy grey-cast iron material as domestic and international many enterprises.
Therefore, from operation cost and safety perspective, exploitation has the physical strength height, good heat conductivity, and the type material of high comprehensive performance such as thermal fatigue resistance is good, be not prone to thermal crack, low temperature resistant replaces gray cast iron material to have important engineering application value and realistic meaning.
The melting method of cast iron is to adopt blast furnace to produce foundry iron at present, produces cast iron with cupola furnace or electric furnace secondary fusion then.Abroad, mainly adopt cupola furnace to add the electric furnace duplexing, obtain the high-quality molten casting iron, form and produce in enormous quantities.At home, large-lot producer has adopted with external identical cupola furnace and has added electric furnace duplexing production cast iron, also has more medium-sized and small enterprises to adopt independent cupola melting to produce cast iron or furnace melting production cast iron.The molten iron temperature of cupola melting is low, and the cast iron of production is of low quality; Furnace melting molten iron temperature height, the cast iron quality height of production, but energy-output ratio is big, the cost height.More than production model both domestic and external all have the secondary fusion process.
The selection of vermiculizer type and vermiculizer add-on, adding method are two critical problems in the wriggling treatment process.It is that vermiculizer, rare earth are that vermiculizer and calcium are vermiculizer that the present vermiculizer that uses mainly contains magnesium.Magnesium is that wriggling of vermiculizer ability is the strongest, have from the boiling ability, but its adding scope is less, and specific absorption is low; Calcium is that wriggling of vermiculizer ability is the most weak, and it adds a wider range, but reaction is slower, does not have from the boiling ability; Rare earth is that the wriggling ability and the speed of response of vermiculizer is that vermiculizer and calcium are between the vermiculizer between magnesium, and wriggling ability is moderate, but does not have from the boiling ability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wriggling of vanadium titanium vermicular cast iron treatment process, 1320 ℃～1350 ℃ high temperature liquid irons that utilize vanadium titano-magnetite fusing back to obtain directly change intermediate frequency furnace over to and carry out melting, smelting temperature is greater than 1500 ℃, saved the secondary fusion process, improve the quality of molten iron, greatly saved the energy.And the present invention utilizes the pig iron of Flos Bombacis Malabarici to be rich in the characteristics of V, Ti element, under the situation that does not add other alloying element, can prepare the cast article that over-all properties is better than adding alloying elements such as Ni, Mo, and cost reduces relatively.The mixing vermiculizer that relates among the present invention has the advantage that magnesium is vermiculizer and rare earth vermiculizer concurrently, and existing from seething with excitement function, the add-on scope of vermiculizer is broad also, still can obtain the higher vanadium titanium vermicular cast iron of nodulizing rate when sulphur content fluctuates within the specific limits.Vermiculizer adding method among the present invention is simple, and the metallization processes of wriggling is stable, and effect is remarkable.The vanadium titanium vermicular cast iron product performance of using the production of wriggling of the present invention treatment process are stable, are better than the performance of common grey iron, alloy gray cast-iron product.
According to wriggling of vanadium titanium vermicular cast iron treatment process of the present invention, may further comprise the steps:
A prepares raw material, and raw materials by weight is configured to following component: carbon is 3.4～3.9%, and silicon is 2.1～2.8%, manganese is 0.5～0.9%, phosphorus≤0.10%, sulphur≤0.07%, vanadium is 0.10～0.35%, and titanium is 0.10～0.25%, and surplus is iron and unavoidable impurities;
1320 ℃～1350 ℃ high temperature liquid irons that b obtains vanadium titano-magnetite fusing back directly change intermediate frequency furnace over to and carry out melting, and smelting temperature is greater than 1500 ℃;
Before the c molten iron is come out of the stove, will pour into a mould pack processing and toast, then vermiculizer, 2/3 nucleating agent and insulating covering agent be placed bag end tamping at 300～450 ℃;
After composition chemical examination in d molten iron stokehold is qualified, come out of the stove in 1450 ℃～1480 ℃, adopt the method that pours to pour molten iron into cast pack processing wriggling processing and inoculation;
Pour molten iron in the stove into the cast pack processing during processing of wriggling of e, pour the molten iron of pouring ladle capacity 2/3 earlier into, treat to pour into again after stir process evenly the molten iron of pouring ladle capacity 1/3, simultaneously remaining 1/3 nucleating agent is added with stream, add insulating covering agent afterwards in the molten iron surface, can be used for cast after leaving standstill 2-3min, teeming temperature is 1340 ℃～1380 ℃.
According to wriggling of vanadium titanium vermicular cast iron treatment process of the present invention, wherein, described vermiculizer is the mixture of rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium and rare earth ferrosilicon, and the add-on of described vermiculizer is 1.2%～1.8% of a weight of molten iron.
According to wriggling of vanadium titanium vermicular cast iron treatment process of the present invention, wherein, described vermiculizer is mixed by rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium and rare earth ferrosilicon, and wherein the weight percent of rare earth ferrosilicon is 60%～80%.Rare earth ferrosilicon and rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium add with the fine particle shape, and rare earth ferrosilicon particulate granularity is 5～10mm, and rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium particulate granularity is 10～15mm.
According to wriggling of vanadium titanium vermicular cast iron treatment process of the present invention, wherein, described nucleating agent is 75SiFe, and the add-on of described nucleating agent is 0.6%～1.2% of a weight of molten iron.
According to wriggling of vanadium titanium vermicular cast iron treatment process of the present invention, wherein, described insulating covering agent is poly-slag insulating covering agent or plant ash.
According to wriggling of vanadium titanium vermicular cast iron treatment process of the present invention, wherein, the granularity of described 75SiFe is 5～10mm.
According to wriggling of vanadium titanium vermicular cast iron treatment process of the present invention, wherein, the smelting temperature of described b step is 1500 ℃～1560 ℃.
Embodiment
Raw materials by weight of the present invention is configured to following component: carbon is 3.4～3.9%, and silicon is 2.1～2.8%, and manganese is 0.5～0.9%, phosphorus≤0.10%, and sulphur≤0.07%, vanadium are 0.10～0.35%; Titanium is 0.10～0.25%, and surplus is iron and unavoidable impurities.
Wherein carbon and silicon all are the strong graphited elements that promotes.Carbon and silicone content height, graphite quantity is many in the foundry goods tissue.To the special foundry goods such as automobile brake drum heat-resisting, that wear resisting property is had relatively high expectations, require to have the graphite of some amount in the tissue, higher carbon equivalent ce is promptly arranged, wherein CE=C+1/3 (Si+P).Improve carbon equivalent and help to reduce chilling tendency, but carbon equivalent ce can not be too high, otherwise the perlite quantity not sufficient in the tissue, ferrite content increases, mechanical property (intensity and hardness) is reduced, thereby do not reach the desired mechanical property of goods, so the CE=4.3% of vermicular cast iron～4.8%.
The content of carbon generally gets 3.0%～4.0%, generally carbon content is controlled in 3.4～3.9% scopes aborning, can make the molten iron good fluidity in this scope, and easily feeding is shunk for a short time, can obtain good castability.
Silicon is very remarkable to matrix effect, is mainly used to prevent spoken parts in traditional operas, control matrix Medium pearlite quantity.Along with the silicon amount increases, matrix Medium pearlite amount reduces gradually, and ferrite content increases.In order to obtain higher performance requriements, need to obtain the vermicular cast iron of pearlite matrix, at this moment, can suitably reduce the silicon amount.Owing to generally contain a large amount of silicon in the vermiculizer, so when preparing burden, base iron must be hanged down silicon.The final content of silicon can be controlled in 2.1～2.8%, and optimum content is controlled at 2.3～2.7%.
Manganese influences wriggling of graphite nothing in conventional content.Manganese plays in vermicular cast iron stablizes pearlitic effect, causes the effect of manganese to weaken because the graphite branch is various in the vermicular cast iron.If require to obtain the higher ferrite matrix vermicular cast iron of toughness, then manganese content should be less than 0.4%.In the present invention, in order to adapt to required strength property requirement, and the content of matrix Medium pearlite should be more than 50%, and therefore selected manganese content range is 0.5%～0.9%, so that obtain more pearlite matrix.
Sulphur and all wriggling elements (being mainly magnesium and rare earth) all have very big avidity, at first are consumed in desulfurization and deoxidation in the wriggling element adding iron liquid, and sulphur content in the iron liquid is reduced to less than 0.03%, and wriggling of residue element just makes wriggling of graphite.The original iron melt sulfur-bearing is many more, and it is also many more to consume vermiculizer.The vermiculizer add-on is many more, and the sulfuration slag inclusion of formation is also many more, and is both uneconomical, endangers the performance of material again, quickens vermiculation.But sulphur has the effect that enlarges the vermiculizer add-on within the specific limits, promptly all can obtain vermicular cast iron in the vermiculizer add-on scope of broad.This is that sulphur is produced favourable one side to vermicular cast iron.Take all factors into consideration the back the present invention in sulphur content be controlled at≤0.07%.
Phosphorus content is too high can to form steadite, and it reduces impact toughness, improves brittle transition temperature, makes foundry goods be prone to shrinkage porosite and cold cracking.Therefore the content of phosphorus generally should be controlled at below 0.08%.But the formed steadite disperse of a certain amount of phosphorus is distributed with and helps improve hardness, and wear resisting property improves, so can suitably improve the content of phosphorus for wearing piece.Take all factors into consideration the back the present invention in phosphorus content be controlled at≤0.10%.
Contain V about 0.3% and about 0.25% Ti during the present invention is raw materials used, this refinement effectively, stablize perlite, V has high avidity and forms the high sclerosis of microhardness vanadium titanium carbon nitrogen compound mutually with carbon, nitrogen with Ti simultaneously, improves intensity, wear resisting property and heat-resistant anti-fatigue performance.In addition, V, Ti have increased chilling tendency, and it is tension-active element that Ti belongs to interference element, can suitably widen wriggling scope, help wriggling processing, so the content of vanadium is 0.10%～0.35% among the present invention, and the content of titanium is 0.10%～0.25%.If the vanadium titanium content is lower than 0.10%, the carboritride of formation does not seldom have the effect that improves intensity and wear resistance.Prescribe a time limit when the vanadium titanium content is higher than, the vanadium titanium carbon nitrogen compound of formation is too much, and the intensity hardness value is too high, be difficult for processing, and anti-spheroidization is strong excessively, is unfavorable for wriggling processing.
The present invention directly utilizes the high temperature liquid iron after the vanadium titano-magnetite melting to be adjusted to branch through electric furnace and obtains vanadium titanium vermicular cast iron, has avoided the secondary smelting process, has saved the energy.The present invention makes full use of the pig iron that is rich in V, Ti element, as the pig iron that is rich in the vanadium titanium of vanadium titanium bases such as Flos Bombacis Malabarici production; Vanadium titanium vermicular cast iron of the present invention has improved the tensile strength and the wear resisting property of cast iron materials through wriggling processing, can be widely used in the cast prod that over-all properties is had relatively high expectations.As be used for producing brake drum for automobile, retarding disc, and engine cylinder-body cylinder cap, exhaust manifold etc., these The comprehensive performance are greatly improved.
It is that vermiculizer and rare earth are the advantage of vermiculizer that rare earth magnesium ferrosilicon alloy vermiculizer has in the market had magnesium concurrently, since in the high temperature vanadium-titanium-iron-water that the present invention adopts except that containing common tension-active element sulphur, also contain tension-active elements such as titanium, and the suitable rare earth magnesium ferrosilicon alloy vermiculizer that do not have rare earth and magnesium ratio in the national standard can be used as the vermiculizer of high temperature vanadium-titanium-iron-water, as use single rare earth magnesium ferro-silicon vermiculizer in the national standard, then therefore vermiculation effect difference and instability finally adopt the mixing vermiculizer among the present invention.Adopt the mixing vermiculizer of mentioning among the present invention to have the advantage that magnesium is vermiculizer and rare earth vermiculizer concurrently, existing from seething with excitement function, the add-on scope of vermiculizer is broad also, still can obtain the higher vanadium titanium vermicular cast iron of nodulizing rate when sulphur content fluctuates within the specific limits.Vermiculizer adding method among the present invention is simple, and the metallization processes of wriggling is stable, and effect is remarkable.
Wriggling of vanadium titanium vermicular cast iron treatment process of the present invention, may further comprise the steps: the preparation raw material, raw materials by weight is configured to following component: carbon is 3.4～3.9%, silicon is 2.1～2.8%, and manganese is 0.5～0.9%, phosphorus≤0.10%, sulphur≤0.07%, vanadium is 0.10～0.35%, and titanium is 0.10～0.25%, and surplus is iron and unavoidable impurities; Directly change 1320 ℃～1350 ℃ high temperature liquid irons that obtain after the vanadium titano-magnetite fusing over to intermediate frequency furnace and carry out melting, smelting temperature is greater than 1500 ℃, and optimum is 1500～1560 ℃; Before above-mentioned molten iron is come out of the stove, will pour into a mould pack processing and toast, then vermiculizer, 2/3 nucleating agent and insulating covering agent be placed bag end tamping at 300 ℃～450 ℃; After composition chemical examination in above-mentioned molten iron stokehold is qualified, come out of the stove in 1450 ℃～1480 ℃, adopt the method that pours to pour molten iron into cast pack processing wriggling processing and inoculation; Pour molten iron in the stove into the cast pack processing during wriggling processing, pour the molten iron of pouring ladle capacity 2/3 earlier into, treat to pour into again after stir process evenly the molten iron of pouring ladle capacity 1/3, simultaneously remaining 1/3 nucleating agent is added with stream, add insulating covering agent afterwards in the molten iron surface, can be used for cast after leaving standstill 2-3min, teeming temperature is 1340 ℃～1380 ℃.
According to wriggling of vanadium titanium vermicular cast iron treatment process of the present invention, wherein, described vermiculizer is the mixture of rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium and rare earth ferrosilicon, and the add-on of described vermiculizer is 1.2%～1.8% of a weight of molten iron.Described vermiculizer is mixed by rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium and rare earth ferrosilicon, and wherein the weight percent of rare earth ferrosilicon is 60%～80%.Rare earth ferrosilicon and rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium add with the fine particle shape, and rare earth ferrosilicon particulate granularity is 5～10mm, and rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium particulate granularity is 10～15mm.
According to wriggling of vanadium titanium vermicular cast iron treatment process of the present invention, wherein, described nucleating agent is 75SiFe, and the granularity of described 75SiFe is 5～10mm, and the add-on of described nucleating agent is 0.6%～1.2% of a weight of molten iron.
According to wriggling of vanadium titanium vermicular cast iron treatment process of the present invention, wherein, described insulating covering agent is poly-slag insulating covering agent or plant ash.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment is used to prepare automobile engine cylinder head.The raw materials by weight of present embodiment is configured to following component: carbon is 3.4%, and silicon is 2.8%, and manganese is 0.9%, phosphorus 0.10%, and sulphur 0.07%, vanadium are 0.10%; Titanium is 0.10%, and surplus is iron and unavoidable impurities.Directly change 1320 ℃ of high temperature liquid irons that obtain after the vanadium titano-magnetite fusing over to intermediate frequency furnace and carry out melting, smelting temperature is 1560 ℃.Before molten iron is come out of the stove, will pour into a mould pack processing and toast, then vermiculizer, 2/3 75SiFe and poly-slag agent be placed bag end tamping at 300 ℃; Wherein vermiculizer is the mixture of rare earth ferrosilicon (trade mark and chemical ingredients see Table 1) and rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium (trade mark and chemical ingredients see Table 2), wherein rare earth ferrosilicon adding weight percent is 60%, the concrete composition of rare earth ferrosilicon and rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium as shown in Table 1 and Table 2, described vermiculizer add-on is 1.8% of an iron liquid weight; Nucleating agent is 75SiFe, and add-on is 0.6% of an iron liquid weight.Rare earth ferrosilicon and rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium add with the fine particle shape, and rare earth ferrosilicon particulate granularity is 5mm, and rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium particulate granularity is 10mm.After composition chemical examination in molten iron stokehold is qualified, come out of the stove in 1480 ℃, adopt the method that pours to pour molten iron into cast pack processing wriggling processing and inoculation; Pour molten iron in the stove into the cast pack processing during wriggling processing, pour the molten iron of pouring ladle capacity 2/3 earlier into, treat to pour into again after stir process evenly the molten iron of pouring ladle capacity 1/3, simultaneously remaining 1/3 nucleating agent is added with stream, add poly-slag insulating covering agent afterwards in the molten iron surface, can be used for cast after leaving standstill 2min, teeming temperature is 1380 ℃.
For automobile engine cylinder head, its material mainly contains HT200 in the market, HT250 and aluminium alloy etc., and general requirement cylinder cap body intensity is greater than 200Mpa, and hardness is greater than 180HBS.The performance of the automobile engine cylinder head of present embodiment preparation is as shown in table 3, and as shown in Table 3, the performance of the automobile engine cylinder head of present embodiment preparation is far superior to the automobile engine cylinder head of other material.
The table 1 rare earth ferrosilicon alloy trade mark and chemical ingredients (carrying out) according to GB/T 4137-2004
The table 2 rare earth magnesium ferrosilicon alloy trade mark and chemical ingredients (carrying out) according to GB/T 4138-2004
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment is used to prepare automobile brake drum.The raw materials by weight of present embodiment is configured to following component: carbon is 3.7%, and silicon is 2.6%, and manganese is 0.7%, phosphorus 0.09%, and sulphur 0.05%, vanadium are 0.20%; Titanium is 0.15%, and surplus is iron and unavoidable impurities.Directly change 1330 ℃ of high temperature liquid irons that obtain after the vanadium titano-magnetite fusing over to intermediate frequency furnace and carry out melting, smelting temperature is 1530 ℃.Before molten iron is come out of the stove, will pour into a mould pack processing and toast, then vermiculizer, 2/3 75SiFe and poly-slag be placed bag end tamping at 350 ℃; Wherein vermiculizer is the mixture of rare earth ferrosilicon and rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium, and wherein to add weight percent be 70% to rare earth ferrosilicon, the concrete composition of rare earth ferrosilicon and rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium as shown in Table 1 and Table 2, the add-on of described vermiculizer is 1.5% of an iron liquid weight; Nucleating agent is 75SiFe, and add-on is 0.9% of an iron liquid weight.Rare earth ferrosilicon and rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium add with the fine particle shape, and rare earth ferrosilicon particulate granularity is 10mm, and rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium particulate granularity is 12mm.After composition chemical examination in molten iron stokehold is qualified, come out of the stove in 1460 ℃, adopt the method that pours to pour molten iron into cast pack processing wriggling processing and inoculation; Pour molten iron in the stove into the cast pack processing during wriggling processing, pour the molten iron of pouring ladle capacity 2/3 earlier into, treat to pour into again after stir process evenly the molten iron of pouring ladle capacity 1/3, simultaneously remaining 1/3 nucleating agent is added with stream, add plant ash afterwards in the molten iron surface, can be used for cast after leaving standstill 3min, teeming temperature is 1350 ℃.The performance index of the brake drum of present embodiment preparation see table 3 for details.
For the performance index of automobile brake drum, there is not concrete implementation criteria (technical requirements of standard JB 531-1984 and QC/T 485-1999 regulation is all cancelled) now.The brake drum material of mentioning among the JB 531-1984 is HT15-33 (HT150), HT20-40 (HT200) and HT25-47 (HT250), development along with automotive engineering, the material of brake drum is mainly HT250, HT300, cast alloy iron and vanadium-titanium cast iron etc. at present, according to table 3 as can be known, the performance of vanadium titanium vermicular cast iron brake drum obviously is better than present common brake drum.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiment is used to prepare automobile brake disc.The raw materials by weight of embodiment 3 is configured to following component: carbon is 3.9%, and silicon is 2.1%, and manganese is 0.5%, phosphorus 0.08%, and sulphur 0.03%, vanadium are 0.35%; Titanium is 0.25%, and surplus is iron and unavoidable impurities.Directly change 1350 ℃ of high temperature liquid irons that obtain after the vanadium titano-magnetite fusing over to intermediate frequency furnace and carry out melting, smelting temperature is 1500 ℃.Before molten iron is come out of the stove, will pour into a mould pack processing and toast, then vermiculizer, 2/3 75SiFe and poly-slag be placed bag end tamping at 450 ℃; Wherein vermiculizer is the mixture of rare earth ferrosilicon and rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium, and wherein to add weight percent be 80% to rare earth ferrosilicon, the concrete composition of rare earth ferrosilicon and rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium as shown in Table 1 and Table 2, the add-on of described vermiculizer is 1.2% of an iron liquid weight; Nucleating agent is 75SiFe, and add-on is 1.2% of an iron liquid weight.Rare earth ferrosilicon and rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium add with the fine particle shape, and rare earth ferrosilicon particulate granularity is 8mm, and rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium particulate granularity is 15mm.After composition chemical examination in molten iron stokehold is qualified, come out of the stove in 1450 ℃, adopt the method that pours to pour molten iron into cast pack processing wriggling processing and inoculation; Pour molten iron in the stove into the cast pack processing during wriggling processing, pour the molten iron of pouring ladle capacity 2/3 earlier into, treat to pour into again after stir process evenly the molten iron of pouring ladle capacity 1/3, simultaneously remaining 1/3 nucleating agent is added with stream, add poly-slag insulating covering agent afterwards in the molten iron surface, can be used for cast after leaving standstill 3min, teeming temperature is 1340 ℃.
For automobile brake disc, there is not concrete implementation criteria at present.The main raw of Ying Yonging is HT250 and cast alloy iron in the market, and its tensile strength is 250Mpa～300Mpa, and hardness value is 200HBS～250HBS, and elongation is lower than 1%, and thermal fatigue and wear resistance are relatively poor.With reference to train braking dish standard JB/T 2980-2000 regulation, the train braking dish adopts RuT300 or HT300 to make, and its concrete mechanical performance index is as shown in table 4.Performance index with the retarding disc product of present embodiment preparation see table 3 for details.According to table 3 and table 4 as can be known, the tensile strength of vanadium titanium vermicular cast iron retarding disc and hardness have arrived the standard of train braking dish among the JB/T2980-2000.Therefore, it is very superior to make the automobile brake disc performance with the vanadium titanium vermicular cast iron among the present invention, considerably beyond automobile brake disc in the market.
The performance index of the product of table 3 embodiment 1-3 preparation
The train braking disk material and the mechanical property of table 4 standard JB/T 2980-2000 regulation
The hardness mean value of the product of embodiment 1-3 preparation is 225～273HBW, and tensile strength mean value is 364～422MPa, and the nodulizing rate of each embodiment is all more than 70%, and the content of pearlite in alloy in the matrix is all more than 60%, and perlite is the shred shape.Every index all satisfies various products should reach performance index requirement and needs of production.Compare with the above-mentioned various products that prior art is produced, the product of producing according to the inventive method has the high characteristics of comprehensive mechanical property such as intensity, hardness and elongation, a large amount of addings of alloying element have been avoided, reduced the secondary smelting process in the traditional mode of production mode, production cost is low, has a extensive future.
The invention is not restricted to the foregoing description, without departing from the present invention, can carry out various changes and modifications.
Claims (7)
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