CN102069723A - Power device of electric automobile - Google Patents
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- CN102069723A CN102069723A CN2009102265222A CN200910226522A CN102069723A CN 102069723 A CN102069723 A CN 102069723A CN 2009102265222 A CN2009102265222 A CN 2009102265222A CN 200910226522 A CN200910226522 A CN 200910226522A CN 102069723 A CN102069723 A CN 102069723A
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- acetylene
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- oily device
- pushes away
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- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 210
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 claims abstract description 208
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a power device of an electric automobile. The power device comprises an engine, a generator, a rectifier, a storage battery, an inverter, an electromotor and a control system, wherein the engine comprises an acetylene generator, an acetylene oil pusher, a hydraulic motor, a circulating oil tank and a waste gas absorber; the acetylene generator is used for generating acetylene by utilizing calcium carbide and water; acetylene enters the acetylene oil pusher and is mixed with air and then ignited to generate high-pressure fuel gas to push hydraulic oil in the acetylene oil pusher out; the hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic motor to push the hydraulic motor to work; the hydraulic motor is used for outputting power through a gear shaft to drive the generator to generate power; then the storage battery is charged through the rectifier and supplies power to the inverter; the inverter outputs three-phase alternating current to drive the asynchronous electromotor so as to drive wheels; burning waste gas exhausted from the acetylene oil pusher enters the waste gas absorber; and after carbon dioxide is absorbed by an alkaline solution discharged by the acetylene generator, other harmless waste is exhausted to atmosphere.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the general vehicle technology, refer more particularly to power unit of electric car.
Background technology
Automobile is meant the motorized wheel free-wheel car that can carry the energy, and it is to use transport facility the most widely, and automotive engine is the engine installation of automobile.Automobile and automotive powerplant are the condensation products of being made by the continuous test of creativity and innovation person process of states such as method, English, moral, U.S. the earliest.To modern automobile, 200 years have been experienced from early stage development of automobile.Automobile mainly comprises three kinds of steam bus, battery electric vehicle and gasoline automobiles, and corresponding automotive powerplant is respectively steam engine, electrical motor, spark ignition engine.
It is generally acknowledged, France in 1769 occupy the three-wheel steam bus that promise makes be first really can traveling automobile, but the carrying four-player can travel 20 minutes after each steam pressure raises, once reached 3.6 kilometers/time speed.1784, the steam bus that Murdoch makes was once tentative on Britain Kang Huaerlu.Englishman's Trevithick has been made very big contribution to the application of high-pressure steam engine, and makes his first steam bus in 1801 and drive it and reach the hillside.1803, his second steam bus travelled again on the street in London.Trevithick once drove once to travel 135 kilometers, average velociity reach 14.2 kilometers/time.
In the middle of the 19th century, state-owned many people such as English, method, U.S. develop steam bus, and make the steam passenger vehicle in the city or intercity travelling, but because of steam passenger vehicle noise is big, and black smoke is many, destroy the road surface, and dangerous, causes that the public opposes.Steam bus still has development after gasoline automobile occurs.1906, Americanized steam racing car, speed per hour reaches 205.4 kilometers.After, though steam bus declines gradually, also have plant produced until nineteen twenty-six.On June 25th, 2008, Britain has issued a F-Zero can reach 322 kilometers steam bus, and it is 205 kilometers steam bus world's record that the super steam bus of these two turbines, four steam engine postposition will have been broken F-Zero.
Battery electric vehicle occurred in Paris first in 1881, and early stage speed of development is higher than gasoline automobile.19 beginnings of the century in the end of the century to 20, in the automobile pollution of the U.S., battery electrics accounts for 38% (steam bus accounts for 40%, and gasoline automobile accounts for 22%).Battery electrics starting, quicken, slow down all very easy, vibrate for a short time, noise is low, and the maintenance amount is little, is popular.But battery electrics speed is low, and once the operating range after the charging is little, needs often charging, and charging needs for a long time.After gasoline automobile improved gradually, battery electrics promptly was substituted.
60～seventies of 19th century, dry gas engine occurs with spark ignition engine is continuous mutually, for new prospect has been opened in the development of automobile.At the beginning of 1885, single cylinder two-stroke gasoline engine three wheeled motor vehicle of this thatch is around his factory four circles that travel.On January 29th, 1886, Ben Ci obtains the patent of first automobile in the world.To 20 beginnings of the century, the big body-shaping of gasoline automobile design.The sixties in the thirties in 20th century to 20th century, because capitalist economy is flourishing relatively, the oil supply abundance, cheap, so automobile is developed on a large scale.
After the Mideast Asian war in 1971, petroleum price rise, energy problem is outstanding, saves the target that the energy becomes automobile and automotive powerplant development again.In recent years, in the world, the crude oil price overgrowing impelled people actively to improve and formulate the automobile that utilizes non-petroleum-based energy again.Can automobile consumes 40% of world oil total flow approximately, and China all wants the import substantial oil every year, in this case, save crude oil, develop the electronlmobil that uses new forms of energy, has been related to national security.Oil industry has become the major industry that influences world politics, economy.
At present, develop, use the automobile of non-petroleum-based energy energetically, developed into a kind of trend at home and abroad.
Using alcohol fuel, is the modal a kind of fuel replacement scheme in the whole world.This fuel generally is to mix use with traditional gasoline, diesel oil, its maximum benefit do not need to be that existing vehicle structure is made very big modification just can use alcohol fuel, and this fuel comes environmental protection more compared with gasoline, diesel oil, can play and reduce the effect of polluting.Ethanol utilizes crops such as corn, wheat, oily rice, sugar grass, cassava, sweet potato and sugarcane, beet to make, this has just produced the problem of " automobile and people strive food ", recently, generally believe in the world, a large amount of alcohol fuels that use, cause world's grain price to go up, caused some developing countries that the grain fear takes place.
The development oil and electricity hybrid vehicle allows energy resource consumption save more with rationally.Except oil electric mixed dynamic, gas-electricity power combined in addition, oily electric hybrid power etc., the following Application Prospect of these schemes is had an optimistic view of by the expert.The machinery of hybrid vehicle and electric-control system complexity, the lead time is long, needs infusion of financial resources many.
For a long time, the ultimate solution of relevant energy source of car, placed on extensive existence always, utilized the energy efficiency height, on one's body the hydrogen of cleaning, pollution-free, characteristics such as noise is low, development utilizes the reaction of oxygen and hydrogen to come the hydrogen cell of output power, still is the various countries scientific elite's main attack problem so far.But, with respect to the hydrogen cell of complexity, another kind of simple mode: hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine also come into vogue and progress rapid.A storage problem that common difficult point is a hydrogen fuel of hydrogen car, this wherein has very high technology content.
If the oil exhaustion, what automobile would drive by? most experts' answer is an electric power.As if the oil electricity mixes the rapid progress that obtains is in recent years also proving this point, and following electric power can account for increasing proportion in hybrid power, up to there being one day, hybrid power no longer mixes, and electrical motor and storage battery will replace cylinder and fuel tank up hill and dale.
At present, some maker has developed the electrically operated vehicle of suitable all-weather service, such as: Dai-Ke group has developed depends on power-actuated SmartED fully, and it is a two-seater, electrically operated dolly.SmartED has used the technology of " zebra battery " by name, and this battery is produced in Switzerland at present, and heavily about 136 kilograms, use solid nickel chlorine electricity core, be full of electricity and once can make 41 horsepowers SmartED travel 115 kilometers.If electric weight exhausts, receive on 230 volts of power supplys and charge, can be full of 80% electric weight in 4 hours, can be full of whole electric weight in 8 hours.When if vehicle does not use, battery must connect power supply, because battery discharge automatically.Storage battery is very heavy, and after battery-driven car was full of electricity, once the mileage that can travel was very limited.If electric weight exhausts, charging duration is very long again.
About the background technology of electronlmobil and power unit of electric car, in following monograph, have a detailed description:
1, Bian Yaozhang, new energy sources for automobile technology, Beijing: People's Transportation Press, 2003.
2, Cui Shengmin, new-energy automobile technology, Beijing: BJ University Press, 2009.
3, Wu Jian, Wu Yang, new-energy automobile, Beijing: People's Telecon Publishing House, 2009.
4, Japanese Electrotechnical Committee (JEC) compiles, and Kang Longyun translates, electronlmobil recent development, Beijing: China Machine Press, 2008.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of power unit of electric car; Power unit of electric car of the present invention does not need stopping for charging, but carries the rotor machine power supply; The rotor machine of being with does not use petroleum fuel or biological fuel, does not discharge harmful exhaust.
The power unit of electric car that the present invention provides, it comprises: driving engine, electrical generator, rectifier, battery pack, inverter, electrical motor, control system.
Under the control system effect, engine starting and work, driving engine drives electrical generator, and electrical generator output three plase alternating current becomes direct current (DC), direct current (DC) or supplies with battery charging through rectifier, or enter inverter, the battery pack output DC enters inverter, and inverter output three plase alternating current drives asynchronous motor, the Asynchronous Motor Driving electronlmobil
Wherein: driving engine is by acetylene gas generator, acetylene pushes away oily device, HM Hydraulic Motor, circulation fuel tank and waste gas resorber constitute, acetylene gas generator utilizes calcium carbide and aquatic product and output acetylene, acetylene enters acetylene and pushes away oily device, with lighted behind the air-blending, high-pressure gas is released the hydraulic oil that acetylene pushes away in the oily device, hydraulic oil enters HM Hydraulic Motor, the work of promotion HM Hydraulic Motor, HM Hydraulic Motor is by the gear wheel shaft outputting power, and the hydraulic oil of finishing merit flows out from HM Hydraulic Motor, gets back to the circulation fuel tank, acetylene pushes away the burnt gas that oily device is discharged, enter the waste gas resorber, after carbon dioxide was absorbed, all the other harmless waste gas were discharged into atmosphere;
Control system comprises: engine control circuit, inverter control circuit, instrumentation, several operating handle.
In acetylene gas generator, the acetylene gas that calcium carbide and water reaction generate, acetylene gas generator output acetylene by back fire suppressor, arrives acetylene and pushes away oily device.
It is high temperature pressure vessel that acetylene pushes away oily device, and acetylene pushes away the high-pressure gas that oily device fuel combustion produces, and the hydraulic oil that compressing acetylene pushes away in the oily device is exported from drain pipe.Acetylene pushes away oily device to be made up of last low head and middle cylindrical shell, and acetylene air inlet pipe, oil inlet, firing unit are arranged on upper cover, and oil outlet pipe is arranged on low head, on middle cylindrical shell, air intlet and Waste gas outlet is arranged.It is the fuel combustion space that acetylene pushes away oily device internal upper part, the space that the bottom occupies for turnover hydraulic oil.
Push away on the oily device at acetylene, the device of supplying with combustion air in acetylene pushes away oily device is installed, it comprises to fan, shutter, goes out air door.Electrically operated shutter and go out air door and be positioned on middle the cylindrical shell that acetylene pushes away oily device is opened and closed by electric signal control, start before the shutter to fan, fresh air enters; Simultaneously, acetylene pushes away the waste gas in the oily device, is discharged in the atmosphere by going out air door.
The structure of waste gas resorber is a spray chamber, and it is an absorption unit of dioxide carbon.The outward appearance of waste gas resorber is the rectangular tank that the traverse of 4 mouths is arranged, and there is inlet the top, and there is liquid outlet the below, and a side has admission port, and opposite side has air extractor duct; The drain pipe of the external acetylene gas generator of inlet, in connect shower, the external acetylene of admission port pushes away the air door that of oily device waste discharge gas, air extractor duct externally connected exhaust pipe, the external liquid receiver of liquid outlet; In the spray chamber, near the bottom, screen cloth of horizontal positioned is used to intercept and capture the solid resultant.The effect of spray chamber is: utilize in the acetylene gas generator, the aqua calcis that calcium carbide and water reaction generate sprays in waste gas, pernicious gases such as the carbon dioxide in the absorption waste gas, sulphur dioxide.
HM Hydraulic Motor output rotatablely moves, and is the energy conversion device that the hydraulic pressure that will provide can change mechanical energy into.From the viewpoint of transformation of energy, HM Hydraulic Motor and Hydraulic Pump are the Hydraulic Elements of reversible working, to any Hydraulic Pump input service liquid, all can make it become HM Hydraulic Motor; Otherwise,, also can be changed into Hydraulic Pump when the main shaft of HM Hydraulic Motor during by the moment of face driven in rotation.
Although HM Hydraulic Motor is similar with Hydraulic Pump basic structure, because the task of the two and require differently, there is difference in practical structures, so, have only the minority pump can make motor and use, generally can not exchange work.
HM Hydraulic Motor is divided into gear type, vane type, plunger tpe, screw and other pattern by its structure type; Be divided at a high speed and low speed two big classes by rated speed of rotation.The principal feature of high-speed hydraulic motor is that rotating speed is higher, rotor inertia is little, is convenient to start and braking, and it is highly sensitive to regulate (speed governing and commutation).The principal feature of low speed hydraulic motor is that volume is big, discharge capacity is big, output torque is big, rotating speed is low, can directly be connected with operating mechanism, does not need speed reduction gearing, and transmission device is greatly simplified.
The basic structure of gear motor is a pair of pitch wheel, is subjected to the promotion of hydraulic oil and rotates, and by the gear wheel shaft outputting power, inner rotary is done work.Structurally in order to adapt to the rotating requirement, oil inlet and outlet equates to have symmetry to gear motor; Outer drain tap is separately arranged, the leakage oil of bearing portions is drawn outside the housing; In order to reduce starting friction moment, adopt antifriction-bearing box; In order to reduce torque pulsation, it is many that the number of teeth of the ratio of number of teeth pump of gear motor is wanted.
Gear motor requires hydraulic oil not contain particulate matter and fiber, non-corrosiveness.Gear motor is mainly by protecgulum, intermediate, bonnet, compositions such as gear, axle, bearing carrier ring, shaft end seal.The gear via nitride is handled higher hardness and resistance to abrasion, and gear together is installed in running in the removable axle sleeve with axle, and all parts is lubricated, all utilizes the hydraulic oil of supply when work and reaches automatically.
The high speed gear motor has simple in structure, reliable operation, and volume is little, and is in light weight, and characteristics such as long service life are suitable for use on the electronlmobil, as energy conversion device.
The hydraulic oil circulating system of gear motor, it comprises circulation fuel tank and circulating oil pump.In gear motor, finish the hydraulic oil of merit,, enter the circulation fuel tank,, push away oily device to acetylene and supply with hydraulic oil again by circulating oil pump by oil return pipe.
Hydraulic oil be utilize fluid pressure can the hydraulic medium that uses of hydraulic efficiency pressure system, in hydraulic efficiency pressure system, play effects such as transfer of energy, system are lubricated, anticorrosion, antirust, cooling.For hydraulic oil, at first should satisfy under the hydraulic efficiency gear at service temperature with start-up temperature under to the requirement of liquid viscosity, have resistance to corrosion and antiwear property, heat stability and oxidation stability will be got well, for some special purpose, also should have flame resistance and environment is not polluted.
Hydraulic oil generally is divided into Dormant oils type hydraulic oil, synthetic hydrocarbon hydraulic oil, fire resistant hydraulic oil, peace and quiet hydraulic oil, biodegradable hydraulic pressure wet goods type according to purposes and characteristic.The present invention utilizes the high pressure-temperature combustion gas to promote the hydraulic oil acting, should select fire resistant hydraulic oil.Fire resistant hydraulic oil be mainly used in industries such as metallurgy, mining, power plant, machinework near or the hydraulic efficiency pressure system of closing on burning things which may cause a fire disaster, thermal source, be divided into three kinds of water base hydraulic oil (HFAE, HFB, HFC), phosphoric acid fat type (HFDR) and other synthesis types (HFDS, HFDU).Among the present invention since hydraulic oil moment contact with high-temperature fuel gas, so requirement use fire resistant hydraulic oil.
Acetylene gas generator is made up of the calcium carbide jar and barrel two parts of getting angry, and the calcium carbide jar is seated in barrel top of getting angry.The purposes of calcium carbide jar has two: it is the hold tank of vehicle-borne fuel calcium carbide for an one, and it two is that it controlledly throws in calcium carbide by given pace in the bucket of getting angry.
The calcium carbide jar is a cylinder of placing vertically, and the upper end of cylinder is a charge door, and the lower end of cylinder is a discharging opening, and discharging opening is by a valve partial occlusion, and valve can lifting, and the lifting of valve is subjected to the control of pole, fulcrum and weight.
Getting angry in the bucket is the chamber of getting angry, and the indoor bottom of getting angry is a water, and there are coolant inlet pipe, blow-off pipe in the middle and lower part of the staving of the bucket of getting angry, and freeing pipe, explosion door are arranged at the top of staving, near the bottom a horizontally disposed material containing net is arranged in the water in the bucket of getting angry.On barrel outer wall of getting angry, radiated rib is arranged, a radiator fan is arranged.On the acetylene gas generator outer wall, be provided with temperature sensor, level sensor, pressure sensor, safety valve.
Back fire suppressor is the rupture pressure disc dry flashback arrestor, and during normal operation, acetylene backs down non-return valve through air inlet pipe, enters the cavity of back fire suppressor, is exported by freeing pipe.When tempering took place, the burning gases of refluence entered the less explosion chamber of volume from freeing pipe, and the explosion chamber internal pressure is sharply increased, and rupture pressure disc is broken through, the burning gases exhaust to atmosphere, and non-return valve stops up air inlet pipe simultaneously, suspends air feed, stops tempering.
The acetylene gas that acetylene gas generator is produced by back fire suppressor, through the acetylene valve, enters acetylene and pushes away oily device; Push away in the oily device at acetylene, acetylene becomes fire gases with air-blending, and is lighted by firing unit, and moment forms high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas, and powerful extruding acetylene pushes away the hydraulic oil in the oily device, and these hydraulic oil are subjected to high pressure and discharge from the oil outlet pipe of bottom, enter gear motor; The waste gas that acetylene pushes away oily device discharge enters spray chamber, in spray chamber, utilizes side production-aqua calcis of producing acetylene, absorbs the carbon dioxide in the waste gas, and then, only the harmless waste gas of containing water vapor and nitrogen is discharged into atmosphere.High-pressure and hydraulic oil promotes the gear motor rotation by gear motor, and passes through axially outer outputting power of gear motor, drives electrical generator; Finish the hydraulic oil of merit,, enter the circulation fuel tank by oil return pipe.The hydraulic oil of circulation fuel tank again by circulating oil pump, pushes away oily device to acetylene again and supplies with hydraulic oil.
Engine control circuit is used for controlling the switching of each electromagnetic valve of driving engine, MOD and firing unit.
About the acetylene gas generator of electronlmobil of the present invention, it is made up of the calcium carbide jar and barrel two parts of getting angry, and the calcium carbide jar is seated in barrel top of getting angry, and the controlled discharging opening from the bottom of calcium carbide in the calcium carbide jar tumbles downwards, falls into the oil of the bucket of getting angry.In the bucket of getting angry, calcium carbide and water generation chemical reaction produce acetylene gas, from the freeing pipe output of the bucket of getting angry.This carbide to water generator, calcium carbide and water effect are more complete, calcium carbide effective rate of utilization height, the production efficiency height, gas forming amount is big.Calcium carbide in the calcium carbide jar is a granule spheroidal calcium carbide.
Acetylene about power unit of electric car of the present invention pushes away oily device, and this is a core apparatus of realizing transformation of energy among the present invention.Acetylene pushes away the profile of oily device, and the centre is a cylinder that stands up, up and down each end socket.On upper cover, acetylene air inlet pipe, oil inlet, firing unit are arranged; On low head, pick out an oil outlet pipe; On the middle cylindrical shell, there are a shutter and one to go out air door.Outside fresh air enters acetylene by shutter and pushes away oily device; The acetylene gas that acetylene gas generator is produced by the acetylene admission line, enters acetylene from upper cover and pushes away oily device; Push away in the oily device at acetylene, acetylene becomes fire gases with air-blending, and is lighted by firing unit, and moment forms high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas, and powerful extruding acetylene pushes away the hydraulic oil in the oily device, and these hydraulic oil are subjected to high pressure and discharge from the oil outlet pipe of bottom; Open acetylene and push away the shutter of oily device and go out air door, by giving fan, fresh air enters acetylene by shutter and pushes away oily device, simultaneously blow down gas; Close shutter and go out air door, supply with hydraulic oil by oil inlet, give acetylene by the acetylene air inlet pipe, the firing unit igniting begins another fuel gas buring supercharging acting process.
Power unit of electric car of the present invention, main start-up course is:
1, in the calcium carbide jar of acetylene gas generator, the coccoid calcium carbide of can;
2, open shutter and the exhaust door that acetylene pushes away oily device,, close shutter and exhaust door then to fan blowing ventilation;
3, the coccoid calcium carbide in the calcium carbide jar, from calcium carbide jar discharging opening, controlled downward landing, put into acetylene gas generator get angry the bucket water in;
4, the acetylene gas of acetylene gas generator production by back fire suppressor, through the acetylene valve, enters acetylene and pushes away oily device;
5, push away in the oily device at acetylene, acetylene becomes fire gases with air-blending, and is lighted by firing unit, and moment forms high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas, and powerful extruding acetylene pushes away the hydraulic oil in the oily device, and high pressure makes these hydraulic oil discharge from the oil outlet pipe that acetylene pushes away oily device bottom;
6, high-pressure and hydraulic oil enters gear motor, and two ingear tooth spirals that promote gear motor change, and by the axial outer outputting power of gear motor, pushing generator generating;
7, finish the hydraulic oil of merit in the gear motor,, enter the circulation fuel tank,, push away oily device to acetylene and supply with hydraulic oil again by circulating oil pump by oil return pipe;
8, push away the shutter and the exhaust door of oily device by acetylene, introduce fresh air, simultaneously by the acetylene valve, introduce acetylene gas, igniting begins new circulation.
The acetylene fuel of power unit of electric car of the present invention is produced by calcium carbide onboard.
The high-quality calcium carbide of 1kg approximately can be produced the acetylene gas of 0.4kg.Under the normal pressure, in the time of 20 ℃, the density of acetylene gas is 1.17kg/m
3, the acetylene volume of 0.4kg is 0.342m
3
The density of calcium carbide is 2220kg/m
3, 1kg calcium carbide volume is 0.00045m
3, the volume of the acetylene gas that the high-quality calcium carbide of 1kg is produced is 760 times of the own volume of 1kg calcium carbide.
1m
3The quality of high-quality calcium carbide is 2220kg, approximately can produce the acetylene gas of 888kg, and amounting to into volume is 759m
3The lower heat value of acetylene is 52700kJ/m
3, the lower heat value of fuel oil is 42000kJ/kg, i.e. 1m
3Acetylene is equivalent to the 1.25kg fuel oil.759m
3Acetylene gas be equivalent to the 949kg fuel oil.
The density of fuel oil is 800kg/m
3, the volume of 949kg fuel oil is 1.19m
3Be 1m
3The calorific value of high-quality calcium carbide is equivalent to 1.19m
3The calorific value of fuel oil.
The explant price of high-quality calcium carbide is about 3000 yuan per ton, amounts to every m
3Calcium carbide is 6660 yuan, 1.19m
3The petrol service station price of fuel oil is 7140 yuan.1.19m
3The quality of fuel oil is 952kg, 1m
3The quality of high-quality calcium carbide is 2220kg.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, power unit of electric car of the present invention does not use petroleum fuel and biological fuel;
2, the acetylene fuel of power unit of electric car of the present invention is produced by calcium carbide, and calcium carbide is to be raw material with lime and coke, produces through electro heat.So the production technology of the fuel of electronlmobil of the present invention is simple, raw material sources are extensive, low production cost.Acetylene fuel can extensively replace oil as motor vehicle fuel, helps ensureing national energy security;
3, power unit of electric car overall structure of the present invention is simple, and fault rate is low, does not have heavy parts, and processing and manufacturing is easy, and cost is low, and operations and maintenance is convenient;
4, power unit of electric car of the present invention does not have reciprocating member, and mechanical wear is little, vibrates for a short time, and the life-span is long, and is little to the noise pollution of environment.
5, the toxicity of acetylene gas is extremely slight, the aerial burning of acetylene rapidly and thoroughly, carbonated not in the discharging waste gas helps the protection of air environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle of work scheme drawing of power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the driving engine formation figure of power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the acetylene gas generator constructional drawing of power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that the acetylene of power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention pushes away oily device constructional drawing;
Fig. 5 is the hydraulic motor structure figure of power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the waste gas absorber structure figure of power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the engine control circuit figure of power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the electric generator structure figure of power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the inverter structure figure of power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention scheme drawing on electronlmobil.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 has provided the principle of work scheme drawing of power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention.
Under the principle of work summary figure of the power unit of electric car that the present invention provides:
Driving engine 80 is primary movers of the power unit of electric car that provides of the present invention, and driving engine 80 is by a plurality of component set-ups, and it is a core content of the present invention, and it provides 20 kilowatts power.Driving engine 80 drives electrical generator 200, and electrical generator 200 is three-phase alternating current brushless synchronous generators, and rating horsepower also is 20 kilowatts.The output of electrical generator 200 divides two loops, and one the tunnel through three phase rectifier 90,190 chargings of accumulators group; Electrical motor 350 is directly supplied with on another road.Battery pack 190 is to be made of 24 lead-acid storage battery series connection, and each lead acid storage battery cell voltage is 12 volts, 288 volts of battery pack 190 total voltages.The vdc output of battery pack 190 through behind the inverter 300, becomes 220 volts of alternating-current voltage/AC voltages of three-phase, supplies with driving motor 350.Driving motor 350 is former in 380 volts of alternating-current voltage/AC voltages of three-phase, and winding is star connection.For adapting to 220 volts of alternating-current voltage/AC voltages of three-phase, change the Y connection of winding into delta connection.Electrical motor 350 is specified 50 kilowatts three phase asynchronous motores, and it drives two front vehicle wheels by transmission and speed-changing mechanism.
Fig. 2 has provided the driving engine formation figure of power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention.
The driving engine of power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention is by following component set-up: acetylene gas generator, acetylene push away oily device, circulation fuel tank, HM Hydraulic Motor and waste gas resorber.Its algorithm is:
1, splendid attire hydraulic oil in the circulation fuel tank 100, circulation fuel tank 100 push away oily device 50 to acetylene and supply with hydraulic oil by circulating oil pump 60.
2, open electrically operated shutter 55 and the electrically operated exhaust door 56 that acetylene pushes away oily device 50, give fan 54 blowing ventilations, fresh air enters acetylene and pushes away oily device 50, closes electrically operated shutter 55 and electrically operated exhaust door 56 then;
3, by the inlet point of acetylene gas generator 10,, drop into coccoid calcium carbide to 10 li of acetylene gas generators;
4, in acetylene gas generator 10, acetylene gas is produced in calcium carbide and water reaction, and by delivery pipe 25, again by back fire suppressor 35, through acetylene valve 45, acetylene gas enters acetylene and pushes away oily device 50;
5, push away 50 li of oily devices at acetylene, acetylene becomes fire gases with air-blending, and the volume Composition Control of acetylene is 5%～9%, and fire gases is lighted by firing unit 57, forms high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas, and hydraulic oil is subjected to the high-pressure gas impetus, discharges from the oil outlet pipe of bottom.Acetylene pushes away the waste gas that oily device is discharged, and enters spray chamber 70, and the carbon dioxide in the waste gas is absorbed, and all the other harmless waste gas are discharged to atmosphere;
6, high-pressure and hydraulic oil enters gear motor 80 by oil inlet 81, promotes the gear motor rotation, and by gear motor axle 83 outside outputting powers;
7, finish the hydraulic oil of merit in the gear motor,, enter circulation fuel tank 100 by oil return pipe 85.
Power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention is by gear motor axle 83 outside outputting powers, drives electrical generator.But, by the power that gear motor axle 83 is outwards exported, also can drive the screw propeller of boats and ships, promote boats and ships and advance; Or drive oil pump oil pumping; Or drive machine tooling part.So, power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention, it is the general purpose engine that can be widely used in every profession and trade in fact.
The main body of acetylene gas generator 10 is made up of the calcium carbide jar 11 and bucket 21 two parts of getting angry, calcium carbide jar 11 is seated in bucket 21 tops of getting angry, granule spheroidal calcium carbide in the calcium carbide jar 11 is subjected to the control of a lever valve system at discharging opening place, tumble downwards according to the discharging opening of certain flow, fall into the oil of the bucket 21 of getting angry from the bottom.In the bucket 21 of getting angry, calcium carbide and water generation chemical reaction produce acetylene gas, from freeing pipe 25 outputs of the bucket 21 of getting angry.
From the acetylene gas that the freeing pipe 25 of the bucket 21 of getting angry is exported, export by back fire suppressor 35.Back fire suppressor 35 is in order to prevent that acetylene torch from pushing away oily device 50 from acetylene, spreads in acetylene gas generator 10 by pipeline.If acetylene torch pushes away oily device 50 from acetylene, be diffused into acetylene gas generator 10 along the acetylene gas pipeline, will cause acetylene gas generator 10 blasts, consequence is very serious.
Acetylene gas pushes away the air inlet pipe 51 of oily device 50 by acetylene, enters into acetylene and pushes away oily device 50.Acetylene pushes away the interior bottom of cylindrical shell of oily device 50, and some hydraulic oil are arranged, and is that circulating oil pump 60 passes through oil inlet 52, injects in acetylene pushes away oily device 50.Push away the upper space of oily device 50 at acetylene, acetylene becomes fire gases with air-blending, and is lighted by firing unit 57, and moment forms high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas, the powerful acetylene of extruding downwards pushes away the hydraulic oil in the oily device 50, and these hydraulic oil are subjected to high pressure and discharge from the oil outlet pipe 53 of bottom.
Open acetylene and push away the electrically operated shutter 55 of oily device 50 and electrically operatedly go out air door 56, by giving fan 54, fresh air enters acetylene and pushes away oily device 50, blow down gas simultaneously, and the waste gas of discharge enters spray chamber 70.
The aqua calcis that calcium carbide and water reaction produce, drain pipe 23 outputs from acetylene gas generator 10 through the positive displacement pump supercharging, also enter spray chamber 70, and spray from the top down.Aqua calcis absorbs the carbon dioxide in the waste gas, and is last, from the outlet of spray chamber 70, and a vent water vapor and nitrogen.In spray chamber 70, the solid carbonic acid calcium that calcium hydroxide and carbon dioxide reaction generate has been stayed on the screen cloth, and all the other solution comprise entering the soluble calcium bicarbonate of generation external liquid receiver, or get back to acetylene gas generator 10 after handling.Acetylene push away oily device 50 electrically operated shutter 55, go out air door 56, give fan 54 and firing unit 57, all control by engine control circuit.
Fig. 3 has provided the acetylene gas generator constructional drawing of power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention.
The acetylene gas generator of electronlmobil of the present invention, it is made up of the calcium carbide jar 11 and bucket 21 two parts of getting angry, and calcium carbide jar 11 is seated in bucket 21 tops of getting angry.
Calcium carbide jar 11 is cylinders of placing vertically, and the upper end of cylinder is charge door 12 and charge door gland 31.The lower end of cylinder is a bevelled funnel, and bell mouth is a discharging opening 13, and discharging opening 13 is by valve 14 partial occlusions.Valve 14 can oscilaltion, thereby changes the exit area of discharging opening 13, regulates the discharging speed of coccoid calcium carbide.The lifting of valve 14 is the control that is subjected to pole 15, fulcrum 17 and transportable weight 16.The position of mobile weight 16, the gap length of a discharging opening 13 and a valve 14 just changes, and influences the discharging speed of coccoid calcium carbide.
The controlled discharging opening 13 from the bottom of calcium carbide in the calcium carbide jar 11 tumbles downwards, falls into the oil of the bucket 21 of getting angry.In the bucket 21 of getting angry, calcium carbide and water generation chemical reaction produce acetylene gas, from freeing pipe 25 outputs of the bucket of getting angry.This carbide to water generator, calcium carbide and water effect are more complete, calcium carbide effective rate of utilization height, the production efficiency height, gas forming amount is big.Calcium carbide in the calcium carbide jar 11 is a granule spheroidal calcium carbide, and its diameter is 2～5mm.Calcium carbide and water reaction generate in the acetylene process release heat in water.According to relevant regulations, it is indoor to get angry, and the acetylene gas temperature must not surpass 90 ℃, and water temperature must not be above 60 ℃.So, on bucket 21 outer walls of getting angry of acetylene gas generator, be provided with the radiated rib of horizontal annular, and a radiator fan 27 arranged, facing to the bucket 21 levels blowing cooling of getting angry.
On the acetylene gas generator outer wall, a temperature sensor 28 is set, in order to monitor the water temperature in the acetylene gas generator at any time.On the acetylene gas generator outer wall, a level sensor 29 is set, in order to monitor the height of the water surface in the acetylene gas generator at any time.On the acetylene gas generator outer wall, a pressure sensor 30 is set, in order to monitor the pressure in the acetylene gas generator at any time.
On bucket 21 outer walls of getting angry of acetylene gas generator, be provided with a safety valve 32, its popping pressure is 150kPa.When superpressure, safety valve 32 outwards exhaust step-down rapidly.The acetylene that the exhausr port of safety valve 32 is discharged is delivered to outside the compartment by pipeline, is discharged in the atmosphere.
The acetylene that Fig. 4 has provided power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention pushes away oily device constructional drawing.
The profile that acetylene pushes away oily device is a pressure container of placing vertically, and the centre is a cylinder, up and down each end socket.On upper cover, acetylene air inlet pipe 51, oil inlet 52, firing unit 57 are arranged; On low head, pick out an oil outlet pipe 53; Middle have air interchanger on simplified, and it is by giving fan 54, electrically operated shutter 55 and electrically operatedly going out air door 56 and form.Shutter 55 and go out the butterfly valve that air door 56 is opened or closed by electric signal control starts and gives fan 54, outside fresh air before the shutter 55, enter acetylene by shutter 55 and push away oily device 50, and acetylene pushes away original waste gas in the oily device 50, by going out air door 56, goes to spray chamber.
Push away 50 li of oily devices at acetylene, acetylene becomes fire gases with air-blending, and is lighted by firing unit 57, and moment forms high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas, and powerful extruding acetylene pushes away the hydraulic oil in the oily device, and these hydraulic oil are subjected to high pressure and discharge from the oil outlet pipe 53 of bottom.Hydraulic oil is supplied with hydraulic oil by oil inlet 52 after all discharging from oil outlet pipe 53 again, by giving fan 54, shutter 55 and going out air door 56, blows into fresh air, and the firing unit igniting begins another fuel gas buring pressurization.
It is high temperature and high pressure containers that acetylene pushes away oily device 50, and not only charge of oil but also fire fire needed the stainless steel sheet processing and manufacturing with heat-resistant anticorrosive.
Fig. 5 has provided the hydraulic motor structure figure of power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention
HM Hydraulic Motor is that the hydraulic pressure that will provide can change mechanical energy into, the energy conversion device that output rotatablely moves.HM Hydraulic Motor is divided into gear type, vane type, plunger tpe, screw and other pattern by its structure type; Be divided at a high speed and low speed two big classes by rated speed of rotation.The principal feature of high-speed hydraulic motor is that rotating speed is higher, rotor inertia is little, is convenient to start and braking, and it is highly sensitive to regulate (speed governing and commutation).
Gear motor is a kind of HM Hydraulic Motor simple in structure, and the basic structure of gear motor is a pair of pitch wheel, is subjected to the promotion of hydraulic oil and rotates, and by the gear wheel shaft outputting power, inner rotary is done work.The gear motor oil inlet and outlet equates to have symmetry; Outer drain tap is separately arranged, the leakage oil of bearing portions is drawn outside the housing; In order to reduce starting friction moment, adopt antifriction-bearing box; In order to reduce torque pulsation, the number of teeth of gear motor is many.
Gear motor requires hydraulic oil not contain particulate matter and fiber, non-corrosiveness, and temperature is not higher than 80 ℃, and viscosity is 5 * 10-6～1.5 * 10-3m2/s.The gear via nitride is handled higher hardness and resistance to abrasion, and gear together is installed in running in the removable axle sleeve with axle, and all parts is lubricated, all utilizes the hydraulic oil of supply when work and reaches automatically.
Gear motor is mainly by protecgulum 88, intermediate 86, bonnet 87, compositions such as gear 84, gear 85, gear wheel shaft 83, bearing carrier ring, shaft end seal, oil inlet 81, oil outlet pipe 82.
The high speed gear motor has simple in structure, reliable operation, and volume is little, and is in light weight, and characteristics such as long service life are suitable for use on the electronlmobil, as energy conversion device.
Fig. 6 has provided the waste gas absorber structure figure of power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention.
The structure of waste gas resorber is a spray chamber, and it is an absorption unit of dioxide carbon.The outward appearance of waste gas resorber is the rectangular tank that the traverse of 4 mouths is arranged, and there is inlet 71 top, and the below has liquid outlet 72, one sides to have admission port 73 opposite sides that air extractor duct 74 is arranged; The drain pipe of the external acetylene gas generator of inlet, in connect shower 75, the external acetylene of admission port pushes away the air door that of oily device waste discharge gas, air extractor duct externally connected exhaust pipe, the external liquid receiver of liquid outlet; In the spray chamber, near the bottom, screen cloth 76 of horizontal positioned is used to intercept and capture the solid resultant.The effect of spray chamber is: utilize in the acetylene gas generator, the aqua calcis that calcium carbide and water reaction generate sprays in waste gas, absorbs the carbon dioxide in the waste gas.
The aqua calcis that acetylene gas generator flows out sprays downwards from the shower 75 of spray chamber.Acetylene pushes away the waste gas that oily device is discharged, and blows over from the spray chamber level.Carbon dioxide generating chemical reaction in calcium hydroxide and the waste gas, the calcium carbonate of generation have been stayed on the screen cloth of spray chamber, and harmless waste gas is discharged into atmosphere by exhausr port 74.
The industry calcium carbide contains 70% calcium carbide, and all the other impurity are metallic oxides, mainly are calcium oxide.In theory, calcium carbide and water react the alkaline fluids that generates, and can absorb the carbon dioxide of the acetylene combustion generation of same reaction generation fully.Product behind the calcium hydroxide alkaline fluids absorbing carbon dioxide is the calcium carbonate and the solubility carbonic acid hydrogen calcium of solid.Casehistory: 100 industrial calcium carbide molecules, contain 70 calcium carbide molecule GaG2,30 calcium oxide molecule CaO, these two kinds of molecules contain 100 calcium atom Ca and 140 carbon atom C altogether.Calcium carbide and water reaction generate the calcium hydroxide alkaline fluids, and behind alkaline fluids and the carbon dioxide reaction, a part generates solid-state calcium carbonate CaCO3, and a calcium atom is captured a carbon atom; Another part generates 2, one calcium atoms of solubility carbonic acid hydrogen calcium Ca (HCO3) and captures two carbon atoms.At last, basically, 100 calcium atoms can with 140 carbon atom complete reactions, just the calcium hydroxide alkaline fluids has absorbed carbon dioxide fully.
Fig. 7 is the engine control circuit figure of power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention.
Engine control circuit is a level Four sequential timer, drives four magnetic force electric switches in order, starts four parts such as air interchanger that acetylene pushes away oily device, circulating oil pump, acetylene valve, firing unit respectively.Adopt four 555 integrated circuit, constitute four timers, produce four sequential pulses, the mouth of the 4th 555 integrated circuit is received the trigger end of first 555 integrated circuit, realizes unstable state work.
First 555 integrated circuit 120 for can reliable reset, prevents the influence disturbed, and all direct and V+ power supply of its reset terminal (pin 4) and power end (pin 8) joins.The ground terminal of integrated circuit 120 (pin one) ground connection, control end 125 (pin 5) prevents that by a capacity earth interfering signal from influencing the pulsewidth of pulse.The energizing signal of its trigger end 122 (pin two), from the output signal of the 4th 555 integrated circuit 150, the trigging pulse that the differential circuit of being formed via resistance 121 and electric capacity 124 produces, about 1 microsecond of pulsewidth, following jumping is along working.When trigger end 122 (pin two) is triggered, and pulse voltage is lower than V+/3 o'clock, the upset of internal trigger comparator, mouth (pin 3) output high level.The inner open circuit of discharge end 127 (pin 7), power supply V+ begin by timing resistor 128 to timing capacitor 129 chargings.Be charged to 2V+/3 o'clock on the timing capacitor 129, the upset of threshold value end 126 (pin 6) in-to-in threshold value comparator, timing capacitor 129 discharges into earth potential rapidly, and mouth is got back to low level.Timing is about 1.1* timing resistor * timing capacitor.The output signal of its mouth 123 is received the base stage of current amplifier tube 160 by resistance 162, starts magnetic force electric switch 161, starts circulating oil pump, supplies with hydraulic oil by timing in acetylene pushes away oily device.
Second 555 integrated circuit 130, the energizing signal of its trigger end 132 (pin two), from the output signal of first 555 integrated circuit 120, the trigging pulse that the differential circuit of forming via resistance and electric capacity produces.The mouth 133 of integrated circuit 130 is connected to an end of resistance 167, and the other end of resistance 167 is received the base stage of current amplifier tube 165, starts magnetic force electric switch 166, starts the air interchanger that acetylene pushes away oily device, presses the timing ventilation.
The 3rd 555 integrated circuit 140, the energizing signal of its trigger end 142 (pin two), from the output signal of second 555 integrated circuit 130, the trigging pulse that the differential circuit of forming via resistance and electric capacity produces.The output signal of its mouth 143 is received the base stage of current amplifier tube 175 by resistance 177, starts magnetic force electric switch 172, starts the acetylene valve, and the acetylene valve is an electromagnetic valve, carries acetylene gas by timing in acetylene pushes away oily device.
The 4th 555 integrated circuit 150, the energizing signal of its trigger end 152 (pin two), from the output signal of the 3rd 555 integrated circuit 140, the trigging pulse that the differential circuit of forming via resistance and electric capacity produces.The mouth 153 of the 4th 555 integrated circuit 150 is received the base stage of current amplifier tube 180 through resistance 182, starts magnetic force electric switch 181, starts acetylene and pushes away firing unit igniting in the oily device.
The selection of the timing of each grade of level Four sequential timer need be determined by experiment.
Fig. 8 has provided the electric generator structure figure of power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention
Electrical generator of the present invention is the brushless rotary pole formula of a three-phase alternating current synchronous electric generator, and the armature of rotary pole formula electrical generator is fixed, and magnetic pole rotates.The magnetic pole winding is in the rotor core groove, and armature loop is evenly distributed in the whole stator coring groove, and the three-phase alternating current of armature loop output can directly be sent to load.
The concrete structure of alternating-current brushless rotary pole formula synchronous electric generator mainly contains: generator amature 211, generator unit stator 212 and generator shaft 215.Generator amature 211 comprises generator amature iron core, rotor magnetic pole winding, rotating shaft, exciter rotor 213, rotary rectifier 216.Generator unit stator 212 comprises support, stator core, stator armature winding, end cap, bearing cap shim, exciter stator 214.
The alternating current that AC exciter produces after the rotary rectifier rectification, is used for the rotor magnetic pole excitation of synchronous electric generator.The stator of AC exciter is a magnetic pole, and rotor is an armature.
Can produce multiple loss during generator operation and cause heating, on generator amature, the cooling of ventilating of 217 pairs of electrical generators of fan is housed, in allowed limits with the temperature rise control that guarantees electrical generator.
Fig. 9 is the inverter structure figure of power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention.
The effect of inverter is under the control of inverter control circuit, and level and smooth direct supply is converted to all adjustable source of ACs arbitrarily of frequency and voltage, and it is used to the asynchronous motor of 50 kilowatts driving usefulness is powered and speed control.According to the on-off mode of inverter circuit, select PWM control, this is in inverter circuit, the mode that the size and the frequency of output voltage are controlled simultaneously is so this inverter is called the PWM inverter again.In this mode, open and close with the on-off element of upper frequency inverter circuit, by changing output pulse width, reach the purpose of control voltage.This inverter circuit is simple, and cost is low, is to use maximum a kind of inverters at present.
As shown in the figure, inverter obtains vdc from the positive pole 7 and the negative pole 8 of battery pack 190, behind overcurrent fuse 333, circuit breaker 334, filter reactor 335, over voltage through resistance 336 and switching valve 337 compositions suppresses the loop again, enter three identical branch roads in parallel then, one of them is tributary filter capacitor 338, gate level turn-off thyristor (GTO) 339, thyristor inverse parallel diode 140, power transducer 343 etc.PWM inverter output three-phase alternating voltage is used to drive asynchronous motor 350.The PWM inverter is under the control signal effect of inverter control circuit, output voltage, frequency, electric current and power are controlled in real time, this circuit adopts the slip frequency controlled method, control to output parameter has good stable, and acceleration, deceleration and alternation in weight are had good response characteristic.The slip frequency controlled method need detect in real time to drive motor rotating speed, electric current, enters inverter control circuit as feedback signal.The inverter control circuit of this programme does not draw at this figure, and it is positioned at the control system of operator's compartment, according to detecting feedback signal and driver operation instruction works.Feedback speed signal derives from the speed sensor that is contained on the drive motor axle, and motor current signal derives from the power transducer 343 that is contained on the PWM inverter three-phase output line.
Figure 10 has provided power unit of electric car embodiment of the present invention and has been assemblied in scheme drawing on the electronlmobil.
The acetylene of electronlmobil embodiment of the present invention pushes away oily device 50, is installed in the midway location in railway carriage or compartment behind the automobile.Its air inlet pipe is by acetylene valve and back fire suppressor, receives the acetylene gas generator 10 that is placed in the left position in railway carriage or compartment behind the automobile.Acetylene pushes away the high-pressure and hydraulic oil of the oil outlet pipe output of oily device 50, enters into gear motor 80 actings that are placed in the position, limit, bottom right in railway carriage or compartment behind the automobile.
The front portion in railway carriage or compartment behind automobile, the position of electrical generator 200, it is in the major cause of this position, and it is the most convenient to be that its Power Available Shaft is connected with the output shaft of gear motor 80.
On the outer wall of the bucket of getting angry of acetylene gas generator 10 temperature sensor, a level sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged, their terminal display instrument all is placed in the operator's compartment, is being convenient on the position that chaufeur checks.
The circulation fuel tank is placed in the top right-hand side in railway carriage or compartment behind the automobile, and the top of gear motor 80 mainly is to consider it and acetylene gas generator 10 mutual weight balancings, and simultaneously, it is connected with the circulation that acetylene pushes away the hydraulic oil of 80 of oily devices 50, gear motor, and is also more convenient.
24 storage batterys of the battery pack of forming 190 are arranged in the below of occupant and operating seat.
The driving driving engine is 50 kilowatts a asynchronous motor, is arranged in the midway location of two front-wheels, drives left and right sides front vehicle wheel.
Control system comprises engine control circuit, inverter control circuit and inverter, all is positioned at the gauge panel of chaufeur front portion, is convenient to driver's operation control.Simultaneously, this position is also closer apart from battery pack and drive motor, and the circuit of being convenient between them connects.
Claims (10)
1. power unit of electric car, it comprises: driving engine, electrical generator, rectifier, battery pack, inverter, electrical motor and control system; Under the control system effect, engine starting and work, driving engine drives electrical generator, and electrical generator output three plase alternating current becomes direct current (DC), direct current (DC) supply battery charging through rectifier, or enter inverter, the battery pack output DC enters inverter, and inverter output three plase alternating current drives asynchronous motor, the Asynchronous Motor Driving electronlmobil is characterized in that:
(1) described driving engine is by acetylene gas generator, acetylene pushes away oily device, HM Hydraulic Motor, circulation fuel tank and waste gas resorber constitute, acetylene gas generator utilizes calcium carbide and aquatic product and output acetylene, acetylene enters acetylene and pushes away oily device, with lighted behind the air-blending, high-pressure gas is released the hydraulic oil that acetylene pushes away in the oily device, hydraulic oil enters HM Hydraulic Motor, the work of promotion HM Hydraulic Motor, HM Hydraulic Motor is by the gear wheel shaft outputting power, and the hydraulic oil of finishing merit flows out from HM Hydraulic Motor, gets back to the circulation fuel tank, acetylene pushes away the burnt gas that oily device is discharged, enter the waste gas resorber, after carbon dioxide was absorbed, all the other harmless waste gas were discharged into atmosphere;
(2) described control system comprises: engine control circuit, inverter control circuit, instrumentation, several operating handle.
2. according to the described power unit of electric car of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Described acetylene gas generator, it is made up of the calcium carbide jar and barrel two parts of getting angry, and the calcium carbide jar is seated in barrel top of getting angry;
The calcium carbide jar is a cylinder of placing vertically, and the upper end of cylinder is a charge door, and the lower end of cylinder is a discharging opening, and discharging opening is by a valve partial occlusion, and valve can lifting, and the lifting of valve is subjected to the control of pole, fulcrum and weight;
Get angry bucket in the bottom of calcium carbide jar, getting angry in the bucket is the chamber of getting angry, the indoor bottom of getting angry is a water, there are coolant inlet pipe, blow-off pipe in the get angry middle and lower part of staving of bucket, and freeing pipe, explosion door are arranged at the top of staving, near the bottom a horizontally disposed material containing net are arranged in the water in the bucket of getting angry, on barrel outer wall of getting angry, radiated rib is arranged, a radiator fan is arranged, on the acetylene gas generator outer wall, be provided with temperature sensor, level sensor, pressure sensor, safety valve.
3. according to the described power unit of electric car of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Described acetylene pushes away oily device, and it is a pressure container of placing vertically, and the centre is a cylinder, up and down each end socket; On upper cover, acetylene air inlet pipe, oil inlet, firing unit are arranged; On low head, pick out an oil outlet pipe; On the middle cylindrical shell air interchanger is arranged, it is by giving fan, electrically operated shutter and electrically operatedly go out air door and forms, shutter and to go out air door be to be subjected to electric signal to control the butterfly valve that opens or closes; It is high temperature and high pressure containers that acetylene pushes away oily device, needs the stainless steel sheet processing and manufacturing with heat-resistant anticorrosive.
4. according to the described power unit of electric car of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Described HM Hydraulic Motor is a kind of gear motor, and its basic structure is a pair of pitch wheel, is subjected to the promotion of hydraulic oil and rotates, and by the gear wheel shaft outputting power, inner rotary is done work; It is by protecgulum, intermediate, bonnet, compositions such as gear, gear wheel shaft, bearing carrier ring, shaft end seal, oil inlet, oil outlet pipe.
5. according to the described power unit of electric car of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
The structure of described waste gas resorber is a spray chamber, and it is an absorption unit of dioxide carbon; The waste gas resorber is the rectangular tank that the traverse of 4 mouths is arranged, and there is inlet the top, and there is liquid outlet the below, and a side has admission port, and opposite side has air extractor duct; The drain pipe of the external acetylene gas generator of inlet, in connect shower, the external acetylene of admission port pushes away the air door that of oily device waste discharge gas, air extractor duct externally connected exhaust pipe, the external liquid receiver of liquid outlet; In the spray chamber, near the bottom, screen cloth of horizontal positioned is used to intercept and capture the solid resultant.
6. according to the described power unit of electric car of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Described electrical generator is the brushless rotary pole formula of a three-phase alternating current synchronous electric generator, and its armature is fixed, magnetic pole rotation, armature loop output three-phase alternating current; Concrete structure has: generator amature, generator unit stator and generator shaft; Generator amature comprises rotor core, rotor magnetic pole winding, rotating shaft, exciter rotor, rotary rectifier; Generator unit stator comprises support, stator core, stator armature winding, end cap, bearing cap shim, exciter stator; On generator amature, fan is housed, to the electrical generator cooling of ventilating.
7. according to the described power unit of electric car of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Described battery pack is to be made of 24 lead-acid storage battery series connection, and each lead acid storage battery cell voltage is 12 volts, 288 volts of battery pack total voltages.
8. according to the described power unit of electric car of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Described inverter is the PWM inverter, and it is converted to all adjustable source of ACs arbitrarily of frequency and voltage with direct supply, is used for to 50 kilowatts of drivings with the asynchronous motor power supply with carry out speed control; It obtains vdc from battery pack positive pole and negative pole, behind overcurrent fuse, circuit breaker, filter reactor, over voltage through resistance and switching valve composition suppresses the loop again, parallel connection enters three identical branch roads then, and one of them is tributary filter capacitor, gate level turn-off thyristor (GTO), thyristor inverse parallel diode, power transducer; The PWM inverter is under the control signal effect of inverter control circuit, adopt the slip frequency controlled method, output voltage, frequency, electric current and power are controlled in real time, the slip frequency controlled method need detect in real time to drive motor rotating speed, electric current, enters inverter control circuit as feedback signal; Feedback speed signal derives from the speed sensor that is contained on the drive motor axle, and motor current signal derives from the power sensor that is contained on the PWM inverter three-phase output line; Inverter control circuit is positioned at the control system of operator's compartment, according to detecting feedback signal and driver operation instruction works.
9. according to the described power unit of electric car of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Described engine control circuit is a level Four sequential timer, drives four magnetic force electric switches in order, starts four parts such as air interchanger that acetylene pushes away oily device, circulating oil pump, acetylene valve, firing unit respectively; Adopt four 555 integrated circuit, constitute four timers, produce four sequential pulses, the mouth of the 4th 555 integrated circuit is received the trigger end of first 555 integrated circuit, realizes unstable state work;
First 555 integrated circuit for can reliable reset, prevents the influence disturbed, its reset terminal and power end all directly and the V+ power supply join.The ground terminal ground connection of integrated circuit, control end is by a capacity earth, the energizing signal of its trigger end, from the output signal of the 4th 555 integrated circuit, timing is about 1.1* timing resistor * timing capacitor, the output signal of its mouth, receive the base stage of current amplifier tube by resistance, start the magnetic force electric switch, start circulating oil pump, in acetylene pushes away oily device, supply with hydraulic oil by timing;
Second 555 integrated circuit, the energizing signal of its trigger end is from the output signal of first 555 integrated circuit, the mouth of integrated circuit is received the base stage of current amplifier tube through resistance, start the magnetic force electric switch, start the air interchanger that acetylene pushes away oily device, press the timing ventilation;
The 3rd 555 integrated circuit, the energizing signal of its trigger end, output signal from second 555 integrated circuit, the output signal of its mouth, receive the base stage of current amplifier tube by resistance, start the magnetic force electric switch, start the acetylene valve, the acetylene valve is an electromagnetic valve, carries acetylene gas by timing in acetylene pushes away oily device;
The 4th 555 integrated circuit, the energizing signal of its trigger end, from the output signal of the 3rd 555 integrated circuit, the mouth of the 4th 555 integrated circuit is received the base stage of current amplifier tube through resistance, start the magnetic force electric switch, start acetylene and push away the interior firing unit igniting of oily device;
The selection of the timing of each grade of level Four sequential timer need be determined by experiment.
10. according to claim 1,4 or 9 described power unit of electric car, it is characterized in that:
Described hydraulic oil is fire resistant hydraulic oil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102265222A CN102069723A (en) | 2009-11-20 | 2009-11-20 | Power device of electric automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102265222A CN102069723A (en) | 2009-11-20 | 2009-11-20 | Power device of electric automobile |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102069723A true CN102069723A (en) | 2011-05-25 |
Family
ID=44028550
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102265222A Pending CN102069723A (en) | 2009-11-20 | 2009-11-20 | Power device of electric automobile |
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| CN (1) | CN102069723A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103373239A (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2013-10-30 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Power control unit |
| CN103715947A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-09 | 淮南万泰电子股份有限公司 | Thyristor assembly for soft start of coal mine mechanical-electrical equipment |
| CN104566995A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-04-29 | 四川省科本哈根能源科技有限公司 | Emission reduction data acquiring unit of gas water heater |
| CN104747350A (en) * | 2013-12-28 | 2015-07-01 | 哈尔滨工大金涛科技股份有限公司 | Gas power device |
| CN105094026A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-11-25 | 合肥轩明信息科技有限公司 | Acetylene production high-safety control system |
| CN110040037A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-23 | 北京长城华冠汽车科技股份有限公司 | Battery thermal control system and control method |
| CN112918283A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2021-06-08 | 未势能源科技有限公司 | A vehicle that is used for gas bomb of vehicle and has it |
-
2009
- 2009-11-20 CN CN2009102265222A patent/CN102069723A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103373239A (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2013-10-30 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Power control unit |
| CN103373239B (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2016-04-20 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Power control unit |
| CN103715947A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-09 | 淮南万泰电子股份有限公司 | Thyristor assembly for soft start of coal mine mechanical-electrical equipment |
| CN104747350A (en) * | 2013-12-28 | 2015-07-01 | 哈尔滨工大金涛科技股份有限公司 | Gas power device |
| CN105094026A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-11-25 | 合肥轩明信息科技有限公司 | Acetylene production high-safety control system |
| CN104566995A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-04-29 | 四川省科本哈根能源科技有限公司 | Emission reduction data acquiring unit of gas water heater |
| CN110040037A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-23 | 北京长城华冠汽车科技股份有限公司 | Battery thermal control system and control method |
| CN112918283A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2021-06-08 | 未势能源科技有限公司 | A vehicle that is used for gas bomb of vehicle and has it |
| CN112918283B (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2022-04-22 | 未势能源科技有限公司 | A vehicle that is used for gas bomb of vehicle and has it |
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Application publication date: 20110525 |