CN102069158A - Coating of slope for preparing semi-solid slurry and spraying method thereof - Google Patents
Coating of slope for preparing semi-solid slurry and spraying method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000007613 slurry method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;titanium Chemical compound [AlH3].[Ti] UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- TZHYBRCGYCPGBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[N] Chemical compound [B].[N] TZHYBRCGYCPGBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910010038 TiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种半固态浆料制备所用斜槽的涂层及其喷涂方法，所述方法是在斜槽工作表面上垂直于轴线方向喷涂“斑马形”涂层，所述涂层是水和氮化硼粉末按质量比85∶15的比例混合而成；或者是水、氮化硼粉末及钛铝三粉末按质量比85∶8-12∶4-6混合而成；或者是水、氮化硼粉末、二硼化钛粉末按质量比85∶8-12∶3-7混合而成；或者是水、氮化硼粉末、碳化钛粉末按质量比85∶9-11∶4-6混合而成。本发明涂敷简单、成本低、对人和环境没有任何损伤和污染、易于操作和控制，在制备半固态浆料过程中能够有效的解决凝壳的产生和组织不够理想的矛盾。
The invention relates to a coating of a chute used in the preparation of a semi-solid slurry and a spraying method thereof. The method is to spray a "zebra-shaped" coating on the working surface of the chute in a direction perpendicular to the axis, and the coating is composed of water and Boron nitride powder is mixed at a mass ratio of 85:15; or water, boron nitride powder and titanium aluminum powder are mixed at a mass ratio of 85:8-12:4-6; or water, nitrogen Boron powder and titanium diboride powder are mixed in a mass ratio of 85:8-12:3-7; or water, boron nitride powder, and titanium carbide powder are mixed in a mass ratio of 85:9-11:4-6 made. The invention has the advantages of simple coating, low cost, no damage and pollution to people and the environment, easy operation and control, and can effectively solve the contradiction between the generation of condensed crust and the unsatisfactory tissue in the process of preparing semi-solid slurry.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及半固态金属成形的设备和工艺，尤其涉及一种半固态浆料制备所用斜槽的涂层及其喷涂方法。The invention relates to semi-solid metal forming equipment and technology, in particular to a coating of a chute used for semi-solid slurry preparation and a spraying method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
由于半固态金属成形具有许多独特的优点，如近(净)终成形、产品高质量和高性能工艺节能等，被誉为21世纪最具前途的金属材料加工技术之一。因此一经提出，就在理论和应用上引起了材料工作者的高度关注以及商业集团的广泛兴趣。从经济角度和过程稳定性角度看，半固态金属及合金浆料或坯料的生产都处于非常重要的地位。目前，已研究开发出多种半固态金属浆料或坯料的制备方法。Because semi-solid metal forming has many unique advantages, such as near (net) final forming, high-quality products and high-performance process energy saving, etc., it is known as one of the most promising metal material processing technologies in the 21st century. Therefore, once proposed, it has aroused great attention from material workers and wide interest from commercial groups in theory and application. The production of semi-solid metal and alloy slurries or blanks is of great importance both from an economic point of view and from a process stability point of view. At present, various methods for preparing semi-solid metal pastes or blanks have been researched and developed.
冷却斜槽法是在1998年由日本宇部株式会社发明用于制备铝合金和镁合金的半固态坯料的新工艺，已在欧洲申请了专利。该法原理是：将略高于液相线温度的熔融金属倒在冷却板上，由于倾斜板的冷却作用，在板壁上有细小的晶粒形核并长大，金属流体的冲刷和物体的自重作用使晶粒从板壁上滚落，以达到搅拌效果，从而达到细化晶粒，获得理想的微观组织的目的。然而在此过程中，斜槽表面会形成较厚的凝壳，浪费了原材料。The cooling chute method is a new process invented by Ube Corporation of Japan in 1998 for the preparation of semi-solid billets of aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy, and has applied for a patent in Europe. The principle of this method is: pour the molten metal slightly higher than the liquidus temperature on the cooling plate, due to the cooling effect of the inclined plate, there are fine grains nucleating and growing on the plate wall, the erosion of the metal fluid and the deformation of the object The self-gravity makes the crystal grains roll off the plate wall to achieve the stirring effect, so as to achieve the purpose of refining the grains and obtaining an ideal microstructure. However, during this process, a thicker crust will form on the surface of the chute, wasting raw materials.
公开的方面表明，在斜槽表面喷涂一种氮化硼(BN)涂层可以有效的避免斜槽表面凝壳的产生(Toshio Haga、《Semisolid strip casting using a twin roll casterequipped with a cooling slope》、Journal of Materials Processing Technology、2002(130-131)、558-561)。但是斜槽表面完全喷涂涂层时，虽然可以避免凝壳的产生，但不能获得理想的半固态组织。所以，亟需找到一种新的方法不仅能有效避免或减少凝壳的产生，还能获得较理想的半固态组织。Disclosed aspects show that spraying a boron nitride (BN) coating on the surface of the chute can effectively avoid the generation of solidified crust on the surface of the chute (Toshio Haga, "Semisolid strip casting using a twin roll caster equipped with a cooling slope", Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2002(130-131), 558-561). However, when the surface of the chute is completely sprayed with coating, although the generation of solidified shells can be avoided, an ideal semi-solid structure cannot be obtained. Therefore, it is urgent to find a new method that can not only effectively avoid or reduce the formation of solidified shells, but also obtain an ideal semi-solid structure.
发明内容Contents of the invention
鉴于现有技术所存在的上述问题，为了减少冷却斜槽制备半固态浆料过程中产生的凝壳，或因避免凝壳产生而导致的组织不理想，本发明公开了一种新的混合涂层及其喷涂方式。In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, in order to reduce the solidified crust produced in the process of preparing semi-solid slurry in the cooling chute, or to avoid the unsatisfactory structure caused by the solidified crust, the present invention discloses a new mixed coating layers and how they are applied.
本发明的技术解决方案是这样实现的：Technical solution of the present invention is realized like this:
一种半固态浆料制备所用斜槽的喷涂方法，其特征在于：A method of spraying a chute used for semi-solid slurry preparation, characterized in that:
在斜槽工作表面上垂直于轴线方向喷涂“斑马形”涂层，即垂直于轴线方向在斜槽的工作表面上呈一定间隔的喷涂出呈弧形条带状的涂层条，每两个相邻涂条层之间为不喷涂的非涂层条，所述涂层条和非涂层条沿轴向的宽度比为1-2∶1。Spray the "zebra-shaped" coating on the working surface of the chute perpendicular to the axis, that is, spray the coating strips in the shape of arc strips at a certain interval on the working surface of the chute perpendicular to the axis, every two There are non-sprayed non-coated strips between adjacent coated strip layers, and the width ratio of the coated strips and the non-coated strips along the axial direction is 1-2:1.
进一步的，所述涂层是水和氮化硼(BN)粉末按质量比85∶15的比例混合而成；或者，Further, the coating is formed by mixing water and boron nitride (BN) powder in a mass ratio of 85:15; or,
所述涂层是水、氮化硼(BN)粉末及钛铝三(TiAl3)粉末按质量比85∶8-12∶4-6混合而成；或者，The coating is formed by mixing water, boron nitride (BN) powder and titanium aluminum three (TiAl 3 ) powder in a mass ratio of 85:8-12:4-6; or,
所述涂层是水、氮化硼(BN)粉末、二硼化钛(TiB2)粉末按质量比85∶8-12∶3-7混合而成；或者，The coating is formed by mixing water, boron nitride (BN) powder, and titanium diboride (TiB 2 ) powder in a mass ratio of 85:8-12:3-7; or,
所述涂层是水、氮化硼(BN)粉末、碳化钛(TiC)粉末按质量比85∶9-11∶4-6混合而成；The coating is formed by mixing water, boron nitride (BN) powder, and titanium carbide (TiC) powder in a mass ratio of 85:9-11:4-6;
其中，所述氮化硼(BN)是六方氮化硼白色粉末，无味、无毒，具有良好的电绝缘性，化学稳定性。Wherein, the boron nitride (BN) is a white powder of hexagonal boron nitride, which is odorless, non-toxic, and has good electrical insulation and chemical stability.
冷却斜槽法制备半固态浆料出现的问题主要是斜槽表面形成的凝壳，如图5和图6(a)所示，其凝壳的最大厚度可达5cm，长度为斜槽的总长；为了避免凝壳的产生斜槽表面涂上BN，当表面涂满涂层后虽然凝壳可以有效的避免，但其组织却不甚理想，当未刷涂层时组织大多呈球状或蔷薇状，如图2所示，而刷满涂层后组织呈等轴状，如图3(a)和图4(a)所示；与之形成对比的，当采用本发明所述的“斑马形”涂层的喷涂方式时，其组织形貌，如图3(b)和图4(b)所示，较之刷满涂层的情形，组织形貌明显优化了；而且，较之未刷涂层的情形，凝壳大大减少，如图6(b)(c)所示，所述凝壳的最大厚度仅几个毫米，长度也不到30cm；很显然，本发明所述的喷涂方式，使在冷却斜槽法制备半固态浆料过程中不仅能有效减少凝壳的产生，同时也能获得理想的半固态组织，从而获得了极佳的性价比。The main problem in the preparation of semi-solid slurry by the cooling chute method is the solidification shell formed on the surface of the chute, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6(a), the maximum thickness of the solidification shell can reach 5cm, and the length is the total length of the chute ; In order to avoid the generation of condensation crust, the surface of the chute is coated with BN. Although the condensation crust can be effectively avoided when the surface is covered with coating, its structure is not ideal. When the coating is not applied, the tissue is mostly spherical or rose-shaped. , as shown in Figure 2, and the tissue is equiaxed after brushing the coating, as shown in Figure 3 (a) and Figure 4 (a); in contrast, when the "zebra shape" described in the present invention is adopted "When the coating is sprayed, its structure and morphology are shown in Figure 3(b) and Figure 4(b). Compared with the situation where the coating is fully brushed, the structure and morphology are significantly optimized; In the case of the coating, the condensation shell is greatly reduced, as shown in Figure 6 (b) (c), the maximum thickness of the condensation shell is only several millimeters, and the length is also less than 30cm; obviously, the spraying method of the present invention , so that in the process of preparing semi-solid slurry by cooling chute method, it can not only effectively reduce the generation of solidified shell, but also obtain an ideal semi-solid structure, thus obtaining an excellent cost performance.
同时，另一方面，将图3(a)和图4(a)，图3(b)和图4(b)分别进行对比，可以明显看出，混合涂层的使用，使所得半固态组织获得更好的球化效果；并且，由图6(b)(c)的比较，可得出，使用混合涂层，斜槽工作表面上的凝壳得到了进一步改善。At the same time, on the other hand, comparing Figure 3(a) with Figure 4(a), Figure 3(b) and Figure 4(b), it can be clearly seen that the use of mixed coatings makes the obtained semi-solid structure A better spheroidizing effect is obtained; and, from the comparison of Fig. 6(b)(c), it can be concluded that the condensation crust on the working surface of the chute is further improved by using the hybrid coating.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是斑马形涂层的示意图，图中，1.涂层条；2.非涂层条；Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of zebra-shaped coating, among the figure, 1. coating bar; 2. non-coating bar;
图2显示了未刷涂层情况下所得组织形貌照片；Fig. 2 has shown the microstructure photograph obtained under the situation of not brushing coating;
图3显示了在使用BN涂层(a)全刷满(b)“斑马形”喷涂的情况下，所得组织形貌照片对照；Figure 3 shows the photo comparison of the obtained tissue morphology under the condition of using BN coating (a) full brushing (b) "zebra-shaped" spraying;
图4显示了在使用BN+TiAl3涂层(a)全刷满(b)“斑马形”喷涂的情况下，所得组织形貌照片对照；Figure 4 shows the photo comparison of the obtained microstructure when using BN+TiAl 3 coating (a) full brush (b) "zebra"spraying;
图5显示了未刷涂层情况下的斜槽工作表面上形成的凝壳照片；Fig. 5 has shown the photo of the condensation crust formed on the working surface of the chute under the situation of not brushing the coating;
图6显示了(a)未刷涂层(b)喷涂“斑马形”BN涂层(c)喷涂“斑马形”混合涂层的情况下，斜槽工作表面所形成凝壳的对照。Figure 6 shows the comparison of the crust formed on the working surface of the chute under the condition of (a) no coating (b) spraying "zebra-shaped" BN coating (c) spraying "zebra-shaped" mixed coating.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
一种半固态浆料制备所用斜槽是半圆筒状，横截面直径为25mm，长1m，对所述斜槽采用混合涂层喷涂，所述混合涂层的配方及配制方法具体如下：The chute used for the preparation of a semi-solid slurry is semi-cylindrical, with a cross-sectional diameter of 25 mm and a length of 1 m. The chute is sprayed with a mixed coating. The formula and preparation method of the mixed coating are as follows:
水：85mlWater: 85ml
钛铝三：5gTitanium aluminum three: 5g
氮化硼：10gBoron nitride: 10g
所述氮化硼(BN)是六方氮化硼白色粉末，无味、无毒，具有良好的电绝缘性，化学稳定性。The boron nitride (BN) is hexagonal boron nitride white powder, tasteless, non-toxic, has good electrical insulation and chemical stability.
将氮化硼粉末置于冷水中，充分搅拌使其充分溶解，等氮化硼粉末溶解成粘稠状时，加入钛铝三粉末，搅拌均匀，得到混合液。将混合液按照上述“斑马状”手工涂刷在斜槽表面，涂敷风干后在斜槽表面凝固得到一层保护层，即半固态浆料制备斜槽专用涂层。Put the boron nitride powder in cold water and stir it fully to dissolve it. When the boron nitride powder dissolves into a viscous shape, add titanium aluminum three powders and stir evenly to obtain a mixed solution. The mixed solution is manually painted on the surface of the chute according to the above-mentioned "zebra shape", and after the coating is air-dried, it solidifies on the surface of the chute to obtain a protective layer, that is, a semi-solid slurry to prepare a special coating for the chute.
具体喷涂方法如下：The specific spraying method is as follows:
在所述斜槽工作表面上垂直于轴线方向喷涂“斑马形”涂层，即垂直于轴线方向在斜槽的工作表面上呈一定间隔的喷涂出呈弧形条带状的涂层条，每两个相邻涂条层之间为不喷涂的非涂层条，所述涂层条和非涂层条沿轴向的宽度均为10cm，如图1所示。Spray a "zebra-shaped" coating on the working surface of the chute perpendicular to the axis direction, that is, spray coating strips in the shape of arc strips at certain intervals on the working surface of the chute perpendicular to the axis direction, each Between two adjacent coated strip layers is a non-coated strip that is not sprayed, and the width of the coated strip and the non-coated strip along the axial direction is 10 cm, as shown in Figure 1 .
采用上述喷涂方法制备半固态浆料，所得半固态组织的形貌如图4(b)所示；形成凝壳的情况如图6(c)所示。The semi-solid slurry was prepared by the above-mentioned spraying method, and the morphology of the obtained semi-solid structure is shown in Figure 4(b); the formation of the solidified shell is shown in Figure 6(c).
实践证明，本发明涂敷简单、成本低、对人和环境没有任何损伤和污染、易于操作和控制，在制备半固态浆料过程中能够有效的解决凝壳的产生和组织不够理想的矛盾。Practice has proved that the invention is easy to apply, low in cost, does not cause any damage or pollution to people and the environment, is easy to operate and control, and can effectively solve the contradiction between the formation of solidified crust and the unsatisfactory organization in the process of preparing semi-solid slurry.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Anyone familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention Any equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concepts thereof shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN101817064A (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2010-09-01 | 兰州理工大学 | Device and method for preparing metal semi-solid slurry |
| CN201677026U (en) * | 2010-05-13 | 2010-12-22 | 昆明理工大学 | Sampling device for preparing semi-solid metal slurry by inclined plate method |
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| CN101130203A (en) * | 2007-10-19 | 2008-02-27 | 北京科技大学 | Preparation and rheological forming method of semi-solid metal paste |
| CN101817064A (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2010-09-01 | 兰州理工大学 | Device and method for preparing metal semi-solid slurry |
| CN101660063A (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2010-03-03 | 河北科技大学 | Device for preparing semi-solid alloy melt and process for preparing AlSi9Mg semi-solid alloy |
| CN201677026U (en) * | 2010-05-13 | 2010-12-22 | 昆明理工大学 | Sampling device for preparing semi-solid metal slurry by inclined plate method |
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