CN102055257B - Electric motor and/or generator with mechanically adjustable permanent magnetic field - Google Patents
Electric motor and/or generator with mechanically adjustable permanent magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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- CN102055257B CN102055257B CN201010533434.XA CN201010533434A CN102055257B CN 102055257 B CN102055257 B CN 102055257B CN 201010533434 A CN201010533434 A CN 201010533434A CN 102055257 B CN102055257 B CN 102055257B
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Abstract
An apparatus and method for adjusting the magnetic field of brushless motors and alternators for efficient operation over a wide range of revolutions per minute is disclosed. The motor or alternator comprises a stationary winding (or stator) around a rotating rotor carrying permanent magnets. The permanent magnet is generally cylindrical and has north and south poles formed longitudinally in the magnet. The magnetically conductive loop is formed by magnets located in magnetically conductive pole pieces (e.g., low carbon or mild steel made of non-magnetized material and/or laminated insulating layers). Rotating the permanent magnets or rotating the magnetically non-conductive shunt pieces within the pole pieces will increase or decrease the magnetic field generated, thereby adjusting the motor or alternator for low rpm torque or for effectively high rpm efficiency. Varying the rotor field adjusts the voltage output of the alternator, allowing, for example, the wind generator to maintain a fixed voltage output.
Description
Technical field
The application is the U.S. Patent Application Serial Number 12/610 of application on October 30th, 2009, the U.S. Patent Application Serial Number 12/610 of application on October 30th, 184 and 2009, the part continuity application of 271, the full content of said two U.S. Patent application is incorporated in the application by reference.
Background technology
The present invention relates to a kind of electro-motor and electromotor, be specifically related to the orientation adjusting the not magnetisable branch block fixing magnet and/or magnetic conduction in rotor effective operation to obtain under various revolutions per minutes.
Brushless DC motor typically requires and operates under various revolutions per minutes, but can only obtain in limited revolutions per minute scope and operate effectively.Operate in wider revolutions per minute scope additionally, electromotor and alternating current generator typically require.Such as, AC generator for vehicle operates under the revolutions per minute proportional to erpm, and wind-force alternating current generator operates under the revolutions per minute proportional to wind speed.Unfortunately, it is known that alternating current generator generate electricity under the voltage proportional to revolutions per minute.Because revolutions per minute cannot be the ability to easily control, it usually needs other elements are to adjust output voltage, and this adds inefficiencies, complexity and cost to alternator system.
Once there were some An attempt of designs to widen revolutions per minute scope to allow motor effective percentage under very low revolutions per minute with " field reduction ", and still obtained the operation of efficient higher revolutions per minute.This field is weakened and be can apply to interior permanent-magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) or AC synchronous induction motor, it is allowed to the reference speed (revolutions per minute) of 3 to 4 times also has rational efficiency.Unfortunately, carry out field reduction by conventional method to sacrifice the efficiency under higher revolutions per minute and increase the complexity of controller algorithm and software.
In the application of generator/alternator, output voltage is proportional to magnetic flux density, need the inverter in AC generator for vehicle or independent electromagnetic excitation coil, AC generator for vehicle only has the efficiency of 60% to 70%, because this alternating current generator must operate in very wide revolutions per minute scope.Similar problem exists in wind-driven generator, and the wind speed change wherein run into causes the poor efficiency of operation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves described and other needs for the magnetic field regulating brushless motor and alternating current generator with the apparatus and method obtaining the effectively operation in wider revolutions per minute scope by offer.Described motor or alternating current generator include the fixing winding (or stator) rotating rotor around carrying permanent magnet.Permanent magnet is generally cylindrical and has north (N) pole being longitudinally formed in magnet and (S) pole, south.Magnetic conductive loop is formed by the magnet being arranged in leading pole block (low-carbon (LC) that the not magnetisable material of such as magnetic conduction is made or mild steel and/or stacking insulating barrier).In the block of pole, rotate permanent magnet or rotate the not magnetisable branch block of magnetic conduction, by strengthening or weaken the magnetic field of generation, thus adjusting motor or alternating current generator for low revolutions per minute torque or for effective high revolutions per minute efficiency.Change rotor field and adjust the voltage output of alternating current generator, it is allowed to such as wind-driven generator keeps fixing voltage output.With the generally such as stainless nonmagnetic substance of other materials in the rotor.
According to an aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of apparatus and method are to change the magnetic flux density of the rotor/armature in electro-motor, thus providing the detent torque of improvement and the efficiency of high revolutions per minute.
According to a further aspect in the invention, it is provided that apparatus and method are to change the magnetic flux density of the rotor/armature during electromotor/ac generator is applied thus controlling output voltage independent of revolutions per minute.Uncontrollable alternating current generator revolutions per minute applied by many known alternating current generators, for instance, it is necessary to the AC generator for vehicle of operation under the revolutions per minute proportional to erpm, and stand the wind-driven generator of air speed influence.The magnetic flux density changing rotor/armature allows to control output voltage independent of revolutions per minute, thereby eliminates the needs to inverter or independent electromagnetic excitation coil.
According to another aspect of the invention, it is provided that apparatus and method with by rotating half elongated cylindrical permanent magnet so that rotatable magnet aligns with fixing half long permanent magnet or does not line up the magnetic field changing motor or electromotor.
According to a further aspect in the invention, it is provided that apparatus and method are with by making magnetic shunt path block and fixed permanent magnet synergic rotation change the magnetic field of motor or electromotor.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, provide apparatus and method, described apparatus and method may be adapted to change the magnetic field of the motor being suitable to be applied to induction motor, thus providing low-intensity magnetic field to be used for starting motor in an asynchronous mode and providing high-intensity magnetic field for the motor magnetic field intensity of the effectively operation of synchronous mode.
Accompanying drawing explanation
It is carried out following specific descriptions by referring to accompanying drawing and will be apparent from by described and other aspects of the present invention, feature and advantage, wherein:
Figure 1A is the side view of the restructural electro-motor according to the present invention.
Figure 1B is the end-view of the restructural electro-motor according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view along Figure 1A center line 2-2 restructural electro-motor according to the present invention taken.
Fig. 3 is the axonometric chart of the cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the axonometric chart of the cylindrical four-pole permanent magnet body according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 A is the side view of the adjustable PM rotor according to the present invention of radially aligned structure.
Fig. 5 B is the end-view of the adjustable PM rotor according to the present invention of radially aligned structure.
Fig. 6 A is the end-view of the adjustable PM rotor according to the present invention of radially aligned structure, and wherein two-poled permanent magnets alignment is used for producing maximum (or strong) magnetic field.
Fig. 6 B is the end-view of the adjustable PM rotor according to the present invention of radially aligned structure, and wherein two-poled permanent magnets alignment is used for producing moderate magnetic field.
Fig. 6 C is the end-view of the adjustable PM rotor according to the present invention of radially aligned structure, and wherein two-poled permanent magnets alignment is used for producing minimum (or weak) magnetic field.
Fig. 7 A illustrates the high-intensity magnetic field corresponding to Fig. 6 A.
Fig. 7 B illustrates the low-intensity magnetic field corresponding to Fig. 6 C.
Fig. 8 is the side view of the adjustable PM rotor according to the present invention of magnetic flux compressional structure.
Fig. 9 is the end-view of the adjustable PM rotor according to the present invention of magnetic flux compressional structure.
Figure 10 A is the end-view of the adjustable PM rotor according to the present invention of magnetic flux compressional structure, and wherein two-poled permanent magnets alignment is used for producing maximum (or strong) magnetic field.
Figure 10 B is the end-view of the adjustable PM rotor according to the present invention of magnetic flux compressional structure, and wherein two-poled permanent magnets alignment is used for producing moderate magnetic field.
Figure 10 C is the end-view of the adjustable PM rotor according to the present invention of magnetic flux compressional structure, and wherein two-poled permanent magnets alignment is used for producing minimum (or weak) magnetic field.
Figure 11 A illustrates the high-intensity magnetic field corresponding to Figure 10 A.
Figure 11 B illustrates the low-intensity magnetic field corresponding to Figure 10 C.
Figure 12 is the end-view of the adjustable PM rotor according to the present invention, wherein some cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is radially aligned structure.
Figure 13 is the end-view of the adjustable PM rotor according to the present invention, wherein some cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is become magnetic flux compressional structure.
Figure 14 is radially aligned structure, the end-view mixing adjustable interior permanent magnet and fixing outer magnet rotor according to the present invention, and wherein inner magnet alignment is used for producing maximum magnetic flux.
Figure 15 A is radially aligned structure, the end-view mixing adjustable interior permanent magnet and fixing outer magnet rotor according to the present invention, and it is adjusted to for producing maximum field.
Figure 15 B is radially aligned structure, the end-view mixing adjustable interior permanent magnet and fixing outer magnet rotor according to the present invention, and it is adjusted to for producing minimum-B configuration.
Figure 16 is magnetic flux compressional structure, the end-view mixing adjustable interior permanent magnet and fixing outer magnet rotor according to the present invention.
Figure 17 A is magnetic flux compressional structure, the end-view mixing adjustable interior permanent magnet and fixing outer magnet rotor according to the present invention, and it is adjusted to for producing maximum field.
Figure 17 B is magnetic flux compressional structure, the end-view mixing adjustable interior permanent magnet and fixing outer magnet rotor according to the present invention, and it is adjusted to for producing minimum-B configuration.
Figure 18 is the end-view for building stacking pole block according to the present invention.
Figure 18 A is the local 18A of Figure 18.
Figure 19 A is for adjusting the side view of the first embodiment that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of the first magnet positions.
Figure 19 B is for adjusting the end-view of the first embodiment that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of the first magnet positions.
Figure 20 A is for adjusting the side view of the first embodiment that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of the second magnet positions.
Figure 20 B is for adjusting the end-view of the first embodiment that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of the second magnet positions.
Figure 21 A is for adjusting the side view of the second embodiment that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of the first magnet positions.
Figure 21 B is for adjusting the end-view of the second embodiment that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of the first magnet positions.
Figure 22 A is for adjusting the side view of the second embodiment that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of the second magnet positions.
Figure 22 B is for adjusting the end-view of the second embodiment that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of the second magnet positions.
Figure 23 A is for adjusting the side view of the 3rd embodiment that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of the first magnet positions.
Figure 23 B is for adjusting the end-view of the 3rd embodiment that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of the first magnet positions.
Figure 24 A is for adjusting the side view of the 3rd embodiment that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of the second magnet positions.
Figure 24 B is for adjusting the end-view of the 3rd embodiment that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device of the second magnet positions.
Figure 25 A illustrate a kind of according to the present invention for being adjusted in cylindrical the two poles of the earth mixing adjustable interior permanent magnet and fixing outer magnet rotor of radially aligned structure the alternative geared system of the position of permanent magnet.
Figure 25 B illustrate a kind of according to the present invention for being adjusted in cylindrical the two poles of the earth mixing adjustable interior permanent magnet and fixing outer magnet rotor of magnetic flux compressional structure the alternative geared system of the position of permanent magnet.
Figure 26 A is the side view of the bias system of the magnet positions for controlling motor according to the present invention.
Figure 26 B is the end-view of the bias system of the magnet positions for controlling motor according to the present invention.
Figure 27 A is the side view of the bias system of the magnet positions for controlling electromotor according to the present invention.
Figure 27 B is the end-view of the bias system of the magnet positions for controlling electromotor according to the present invention.
Figure 28 A is having rotatable half elongated cylindrical magnet and coaxially fixing half elongated cylindrical magnet and for controlling the side view of the adjustable PM rotor of the bias system of magnet positions according to the present invention.
Figure 28 B is taken along Figure 28 A center line 28B-28B, having rotatable half elongated cylindrical magnet and coaxially fixing half elongated cylindrical magnet and for controlling the front view of the adjustable PM rotor of the bias system of magnet positions according to the present invention.
Figure 29 A has rotatable half elongated cylindrical magnet and coaxially fixes half elongated cylindrical magnet and for controlling the side view of the rotor of the bias system of magnet positions.
Figure 29 B has rotatable half elongated cylindrical magnet and coaxially fixes half elongated cylindrical magnet and for controlling the front view of the rotor of the bias system of magnet positions.
Figure 30 A is the end-view of the adjustable PM rotor according to the present invention, and wherein removable magnetic shunt path block aligns to provide high-intensity magnetic field.
Figure 30 B is the end-view of the adjustable PM rotor according to the present invention, and wherein removable magnetic shunt path block does not line up to provide low-intensity magnetic field.
Figure 31 A is the end-view of the adjustable PM rotor according to the present invention, it is shown that the high-intensity magnetic field obtained by making removable magnetic shunt path block align.
Figure 31 B is the end view of the adjustable PM rotor according to the present invention, it is shown that the low-intensity magnetic field obtained by making removable magnetic shunt path block not line up.
Corresponding accompanying drawing is marked in all some views of accompanying drawing and indicates corresponding parts.
Detailed description of the invention
Following description is currently to conceive the best mode for realizing the present invention.This description is not for the meaning of restriction, and the purpose of the one or more preferred implementations merely for the description present invention.The scope of the present invention should refer to claim and determines.
Figure 1A illustrates the side view of the restructural electro-motor 10 according to the present invention, and Figure 1B illustrates the end-view of restructural electro-motor 10, and Fig. 2 illustrates the cross-sectional view of the restructural electro-motor 10 taken of the line 2-2 along Figure 1A.Described motor 10 includes stator winding 14 and is positioned at the rotor 12 inside stator winding.Described motor 10 is the brushless alternating current impression motor including magnetic circuit, described magnetic circuit includes at least one permanent magnet 16 (see Fig. 3-7) in rotor 12 or removable magnetic shunt path block 80 (see Figure 30 A and 30B), and described magnet 16 or magnetic shunt path block 80 can be adjusted the magnetic field to control rotor in a range of revolutions per minute for effective operation.
Fig. 3 illustrates the axonometric chart of the cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets 16 according to the present invention, and Fig. 4 illustrates the axonometric chart of the cylindrical four-pole permanent magnet body 16a according to the present invention.The length along magnet of the pole of magnet 16 and magnet 16a such as dotted line instruction extends.
Fig. 5 A illustrates the side view of the adjustable PM rotor 12a according to the present invention that radially aligned constructs, and Fig. 5 B illustrates the end-view of the adjustable PM rotor 12a that radially aligned constructs.Rotor 12 includes magnet 16, interior pole block 18, outer pole block 20 and non magnetic packing ring 22.Pole block is magnetic conduction but not magnetizable material, and the magnetic field of described conduct magnet 16 is to form rotor field.Interior pole block 18 and outer pole block 20 are separated by described packing ring 22, and outer pole block 20 is separated by the air gap 23.Magnet 16 is generally cylindrical and axially in parallel with motor drive shaft 11 but it also may use the magnet of other shapes.
Fig. 6 A is shown in which that two-poled permanent magnets 16 aligns to produce the end-view of the adjustable PM rotor 12a of maximum (or strong) magnetic field 24a (see Fig. 7 A), Fig. 6 B is shown in which that two-poled permanent magnets 16 aligns to produce the end-view of the adjustable PM rotor 12a of moderate magnetic field, and Fig. 6 C is shown in which that two-poled permanent magnets 16 aligns to produce the end-view of the adjustable PM rotor 12a of minimum (or weak) magnetic field 24b (see Fig. 7 B).In electro-motor, it is provided that the alignment of high-intensity magnetic field provides the high torque (HT) under low revolutions per minute, and provides the alignment of low-intensity magnetic field to provide the effective operation under high revolutions per minute.In electromotor, it is possible to adjust output voltage by adjusting the alignment of magnet, thus allowing, in the electromotor with change revolutions per minute of such as AC generator for vehicle and wind-driven generator, there is constant voltage.
Fig. 7 A illustrates that high-intensity magnetic field 24a, Fig. 7 B corresponding to Fig. 6 A illustrates the low-intensity magnetic field corresponding to Fig. 6 C.
Fig. 8 is the side view of the adjustable PM rotor 12b according to the present invention of magnetic flux compressional structure, and Fig. 9 illustrates the end-view of described adjustable PM rotor 12b.Rotor 12b includes magnet 16, pole block 21 and the air gap 23.Pole block is magnetic conduction but not magnetizable material, and the magnetic field of its conductive magnet 16 is to form rotor field.Pole block 21 is separated by the air gap 23.
Figure 10 A illustrates the end-view of adjustable PM rotor 12b, wherein two-poled permanent magnets 16 alignment produces maximum (or strong) magnetic field 24a ' (see Figure 11 A), Figure 10 B illustrates the end-view of adjustable PM rotor 12b, wherein two-poled permanent magnets 16 alignment produces moderate magnetic field, Figure 10 C illustrates the end-view of adjustable PM rotor 12b, and wherein two-poled permanent magnets 16 alignment generation minimum (or weak) magnetic field 24b'(is shown in Figure 11 B).In electro-motor, it is provided that the alignment of high-intensity magnetic field provides the high torque (HT) under low revolutions per minute, and provides the alignment of low-intensity magnetic field to provide the effective operation under high revolutions per minute.In electromotor, it is possible to adjust output voltage by adjusting the alignment of magnet, thus allowing, in the electromotor with change revolutions per minute of such as AC generator for vehicle and wind-driven generator, there is constant voltage.
Figure 11 A illustrates that high-intensity magnetic field 24a', Figure 11 B corresponding to Figure 10 A illustrates the low-intensity magnetic field corresponding to Figure 10 C.
Figure 12 illustrates the end-view of the adjustable PM rotor 12c according to the present invention, it has some cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets 16 to radial direction aligned configuration, Figure 13 illustrates the end-view of the adjustable PM rotor 12d according to the present invention, and it has some cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets 16 to magnetic flux compressional structure.The invention is not restricted to single or paired permanent magnet, any number of magnet can form the group being applicable to application.Such as 3,4,5 or more magnet can substitute for the magnet pair shown in Figure 12 and 13.
Figure 14 illustrates that the mixed rotor 12a' including adjustable interior permanent magnet 16 and fixing outer magnet 17 according to the present invention is radially aligned the end-view of structure.The combination of adjustable interior permanent magnet 16 and fixing outer magnet 17 allows the additional design of rotor field.Figure 15 A illustrates that mixing adjustable interior permanent magnet and fixing outer magnet rotor 12a' is adjusted to the end-view producing maximum field, and Figure 15 B illustrates it is mix adjustable interior permanent magnet and fixing outer magnet rotor 12a' is adjusted to the end-view producing minimum-B configuration.
Figure 16 illustrates that the adjustable interior permanent magnet 16 that includes according to the present invention becomes the end-view of magnetic flux compressional structure with the mixed rotor 12b' of fixing outer magnet 17.The combination of adjustable interior permanent magnet 16 and fixing outer magnet 17 allows the additional design of rotor field.Figure 17 A illustrates that the adjustable interior permanent magnet of mixing and fixing outer magnet rotor 12b' are adjusted to the end-view producing maximum field, and Figure 15 B illustrates that the adjustable interior permanent magnet of mixing and fixing outer magnet rotor 12b' are adjusted to the end-view producing minimum-B configuration.
Figure 18 illustrates the end-view of the element 30 for building stacking pole block, and Figure 18 A illustrates the local 18A of Figure 18.Rotor is constituted usually by by multiple element 30 stackings, and each element 30 is preferably coated with electric insulation layer.Element 30 has radius Rr, including having the circular cutout 32 for cylindrical magnet 16 of radius Rm and having the air gap 34 of width Wag.Stacking pole block for other embodiments of the present invention builds similarly.
Figure 19 A illustrates for adjusting the side view of the first embodiment that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets 16 is in the device 40a of the first magnet positions, Figure 19 B illustrates for adjusting the end-view that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device 40a of the first magnet positions, Figure 20 A illustrates that, for adjusting the side view that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets 16 is in the device 40a of the second magnet positions, Figure 20 B illustrates for adjusting the end-view that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device 40a of the second magnet positions.Device 40a for adjusting includes the linear motor 42 of preferably stepper motor, by the axially actuated axle 48 of described linear motor 42, by the axially actuated ring 46 of axle 48 and (one or more) arm 44 being activated and being connected to one of six tooth bars 52 by ring 46.Tooth bar 52 engages the gear 50 being attached to magnet 16 with rotating magnet 16.Being activated to the right by axle 48 and radially drawn in by tooth bar 52, activated to the left by axle 48 and radially released by tooth bar 52, thereby through the direct rotating magnet of gear 50 directly engaging tooth bar 52, remaining magnet 16 is coupled to actuating device by the tooth bar between adjacent gear 50.
Figure 21 A illustrates for adjusting the side view of the second embodiment that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets 16 is in the device 40b of the first magnet positions, Figure 21 B illustrates the end-view being in the first magnet positions for the device 40b adjusting cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets, Figure 22 A illustrates that Figure 22 B illustrates the end-view adjusting the device 40b that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the second magnet positions for adjusting the side view that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets 16 is in the device 40b of the second magnet positions.Device 40b for adjusting includes the linear motor 42 of preferably stepper motor, by the axially actuated axle 48 of described linear motor 42, by the axially actuated ring 46 of described axle 48 and the bending elbows 45 being activated and being connected to one of six tooth bars 52 by described ring 46.Bending elbows 45 biases to the bending position such as with 90 ° of bendings.When ring 46 moves right to discharge bending elbows 45, bending elbows 45 is relaxed to bending position and is radially drawn in by tooth bar 52.When ring 46 is moved to the left with when bending applying power in elbows 45, bending elbows 45 is stretched and is radially released by tooth bar 52.Tooth bar 52 engages the gear 50 being attached to magnet 16 with rotating magnet 16.Linear motor 42 activates to the right thus is radially drawn in by tooth bar 52, linear motor 42 activates to the left radially to be released tooth bar 52, thereby through the direct rotating magnet 16 of gear 50 directly engaging tooth bar 52, remaining magnet 16 is coupled to actuating device by the tooth bar 52 between adjacent gear 50.
Figure 23 A illustrates for adjusting the side view of the 3rd embodiment that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets 16 is in the device 40c of the first magnet positions, Figure 23 B illustrates for adjusting the end-view that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device 40c of the first magnet positions, Figure 24 A illustrates that, for adjusting the side view that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets 16 is in the device 40c of the second magnet positions, Figure 24 B illustrates for adjusting the end-view that cylindrical two-poled permanent magnets is in the device 40c of the second magnet positions.Device 40c for adjusting include preferably stepper motor linear motor 42, by the axially actuated axle 48 of described linear motor 42, be connected to the first piston 47 of described axle 48 and be in fluid communication and be connected to the second piston 49 of one of six tooth bars 52 with described piston 47.When piston 47 moves right, the second piston 49 is radially taken in, and tooth bar 52 is radially drawn in.When ring 46 is moved to the left, piston 47 is moved to the left, and piston 49 is removal radially, and is radially released by tooth bar 52.Tooth bar 52 engages the gear 50 being attached to magnet 16 with rotating magnet 16.Linear motor 42 activates to the right thus is radially drawn in by tooth bar 52, linear motor 42 activates to the left radially to be released tooth bar 52, thereby through the direct rotating magnet 16 of gear 50 directly engaging tooth bar 52, all the other magnets 16 are coupled to actuating device by the tooth bar 52 between adjacent gear 50.
Figure 25 A illustrates a kind of another geared system according to the present invention, for the position of permanent magnet 16 in cylindrical the two poles of the earth of the adjustable interior permanent magnet of mixing and fixing outer magnet rotor that are adjusted to radially aligned structure.Small magnet gear 50 is fixed on one end of each magnet 16.Big central gear 51 engages each small magnet gear 50, and makes each magnet 16 keep the alignment that approximate (as long as magnet close alignment, can there is certain gear lash) is identical, and scalable is to adjust magnet 16 from low-intensity magnetic field to the alignment of high-intensity magnetic field.
Figure 25 B illustrates another geared system, for the position of permanent magnet in cylindrical the two poles of the earth of the adjustable interior permanent magnet of mixing and fixing outer magnet rotor that are adjusted to magnetic flux compressional structure.Little central gear 50 only engages in small magnet gear 50 alternately several, little gear 50 engages each adjacent gear 50, so that each magnet 16 keep approximate (if magnet close alignment, can there is certain gear lash) identical alignment, and scalable is to adjust magnet 16 from low-intensity magnetic field to the alignment of high-intensity magnetic field.
Figure 26 A illustrates the side view of the bias system of the magnet positions for controlling motor according to the present invention, and Figure 26 B illustrates the end-view of the bias system for being controlled motor magnets position by metal wire 70.The Unidirectional direct-current voltage transformation coming from power supply 68 is become to be used for that the three-phase of three-phase motor is trapezoidal or sinusoidal wave form by controller 64.A direct current input line to field coil 60 is used to produce the electromagnetic field proportional to the load on motor.The resistance of field coil 60 is very low and will not be reduced to the input voltage of motor or slightly increase resistance.The action of a magnetic field is on dish 62 and against bending elbows 45 pushing disk to the left with rotating magnet 16.
When motor load increases, electromagnetic field and load proportionally increase, calibration load is only slightly smaller than the load that the rotation overcoming magnet 16 is required, dump loop (tippingcircuit) 66 for shunt controller, the small area analysis of the electromagnetic force adding to biasing armature 62 is provided, thus providing final power, the rotation of this final power magnet 16 to controlling rotor field is controlled.Controller 64 is preferably converter type, and Unidirectional direct-current electricity is transformed to stator field energy supply to rotate the three-phase waveform of rotor by it.
Bias actuator includes super-low resistance coil 60 and armature 62, and described armature 62 produces the power proportional to load current, and the intrinsic property of described load current opposing magnet 16 exerts a force to be maintained at low-intensity magnetic field position.Dumping loop 66 is low power flip-flop controller, and extra electric current is supplied to bias actuator by it, and described bias actuator can utilize very little electric energy rotating magnet 16 so that magnetic field to adjust strong position or weak position.
Figure 27 A illustrates the side view of the bias system of the position of the magnet 16 for controlling electromotor according to the present invention, and Figure 27 B illustrates the end-view of the bias system of the position of the magnet 16 for controlling electromotor.Electromotor can be driven as generator/alternator to produce described phase or the electric energy of any phase.
General six diode arrays 72 through multiphase current being transformed to single-phase DC electricity of phase electric energy output of generator/alternator.The Output transfer of one of output direct current electric wire is to low resistance bias coil 60 and armature 62, and described low resistance bias coil 60 and armature 62 produce naturally to turn to the counter-force of low-intensity magnetic field position against magnet 16.In the way of identical with the motor structure in Figure 26 A and 26B, dump controller and provide little extracurrent for coil 60 and armature 62, to overcome magnetic force thus controlling turned position and the magnetic field of magnet.Dumping loop control unit is electron crystal cast switch, and it can provide the electric energy of variable quantity of the bias force that will add to coil 60 and armature 62.
Figure 28 A illustrates the side view of the adjustable PM rotor 12e according to the present invention, this is adjustable PM rotor 12e the has rotatable half elongated cylindrical magnet 16c of alignment orientation, coaxial fixing half elongated cylindrical magnet 16d and for controlling the adjustment system of magnet positions, Figure 28 B illustrates the cross-sectional view along Figure 28 A center line 28B-28B adjustable PM rotor 12e taken.Figure 29 A is shown in which rotatable half elongated cylindrical magnet 16c and coaxial the second side view fixing the half elongated cylindrical magnet 16d rotor 12e not lined up, and Figure 29 B illustrates the cross-sectional view along Figure 29 A center line 29B-29B adjustable PM rotor 12e taken.When magnet 16c and 16d aligns (i.e. the pole alignment of magnet 16c and 16d), create high-intensity magnetic field, and when the pole of magnet 16c rotation 180 ° and magnet 16c and 16d does not line up, then produce low-intensity magnetic field.
Adjustment system includes the little gear 52 being attached to magnet 16c and radially slides rack gear 52 and the rack gear 56 that slides axially cooperated with two pinion 54 with little gear 50 and two pinion 54 cooperate.The rack gear that slides axially 56 can use solenoid electrically, hydraulically (see Figure 23 A-24B), by linear motor, activate by linear step motor, by bar or by any device, so that the rack gear 56 that slides axially moves in the axial direction.The axial translation of the rack gear that slides axially 56 is coupled to two pinion 54 to rotate two pinion 54.The rotation of two pinion 54 is coupled to and radially slides carry-over bar drive mechanism 52 so that radially sliding rack gear 52 and moving radially.Radially slide moving radially of rack gear 52 and be coupled to the first little gear 50, to rotate the first little gear 50, thus rotating magnet 16c, so that magnet 16c aligns with magnet 16d and do not line up, and then optionally produce high-intensity magnetic field and low-intensity magnetic field.
Figure 30 A illustrates the end-view of the adjustable PM rotor 12f according to the present invention, wherein removable magnetic shunt path block 80 aligns to provide high-intensity magnetic field with fixing outer permanent magnet 17 and fixing interior permanent magnet 16e, Figure 30 B illustrates the end-view of adjustable PM rotor 12f, wherein removable magnetic shunt path determine 80 rotations and with fixed permanent magnet 17 and 16e not to it to provide low-intensity magnetic field.Removable magnetic shunt path block 80 is preferably cylindrical and is made up of magnetic conduction, not magnetisable material, and includes the center through removable magnetic shunt path block 80 removable magnetic shunt path block 80 is divided into two-part rod 80a.Rod 80a is made up of non-magnet_conductible material and is preferably made up of non-ferric non-magnetic material.Removable magnetic shunt path block 80 can use any described adjustment system for such as moving magnet described herein to move (or adjustment), and the removable branch of any use certainly from high-intensity magnetic field, magnetic field is changed into the motor of low-intensity magnetic field or electromotor is all intended within the scope of the invention.
Figure 31 A illustrates the end-view of adjustable PM rotor 12f, illustrate the high-intensity magnetic field 24a obtained by making removable magnetic shunt path block align with magnet 16e "; Figure 31 A illustrates the end-view of adjustable PM rotor 12f, it is shown that the low-intensity magnetic field 24b obtained by making removable magnetic shunt path block not line up with magnet 16e ".Other embodiments various including the rotor of the magnetic conductive loop with removable magnetic shunt path block will be apparent for those of ordinary skill in the art, the permeable segments be such as positioned at outside magnet, there is angle alternateing and the circular cylindrical shell of non-permeable segments, and this removable magnetic shunt path block is also intended within the scope of the invention with any rotor optionally producing to use in the motor of high-intensity magnetic field and low-intensity magnetic field or electromotor with (one or more) of cooperation with magnets having.
Although invention disclosed herein is described by its detailed description of the invention and application, but it still can be carried out multiple amendment and the modification scope without deviating from claims of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Claims (17)
1. the rotor for using in the electro-motor of conversion between electric energy and mechanical energy or electromotor, described rotor includes magnetic conductive loop, and described magnetic conductive loop includes:
Fixed pole block, described fixed pole block is made up of the not magnetisable material of magnetic conduction, and described fixed pole block includes interior pole block and outer pole block, and interior pole block and outer pole block are separated by non magnetic packing ring, and outer pole block is separated by the air gap；And
Multiple pivo table member, described pivo table member can rotate optionally to produce strong rotor field and weak rotor field.
2. rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described pole block is radially aligned structure.
3. rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described pivo table member includes the rotatable permanent magnet cooperated with described pole block magnetic, and described rotatable permanent magnet can rotate thus rotor field being adjusted to high-intensity magnetic field and being adjusted to low-intensity magnetic field.
4. rotor as claimed in claim 3, also includes magnet gears, and described magnet gears is attached to the end of each described rotatable permanent magnet, to adjust the alignment of each described rotatable permanent magnet.
5. rotor as claimed in claim 4, wherein, sliding rack magnet gears cooperation corresponding to described magnet gears, to adjust the alignment of each described rotatable permanent magnet.
6. rotor as claimed in claim 5, wherein, straight-bar is connected to sliding rack described at least one of which, and described straight-bar activated so that described sliding rack radially slides, thus adjusting the alignment of each described rotatable permanent magnet.
7. rotor as claimed in claim 6, wherein, described straight-bar is activated by linear actuators so that described sliding rack radially slides, to adjust the alignment of each described rotatable permanent magnet.
8. rotor as claimed in claim 7, wherein, described linear actuators is stepper motor.
9. rotor as claimed in claim 5, wherein, bending elbows is connected to sliding rack described at least one of which, and described bending elbows activated so that described sliding rack radially slides, thus adjusting the alignment of each described rotatable permanent magnet.
10. rotor as claimed in claim 9, wherein, the summit of described bending elbows is against sliding part, and described sliding part makes described bending elbows launch towards the axial translation of described bending elbows, thus adjusting the alignment of each described rotatable permanent magnet.
11. rotor as claimed in claim 10, wherein, described bending elbows is activated by linear actuators, so that described tooth bar radially slides, thus adjusting the alignment of each described rotatable permanent magnet.
12. rotor as claimed in claim 5, wherein, actuation hydraulic piston is so that described tooth bar radially slides, thus adjusting the alignment of each described rotatable permanent magnet.
13. rotor as claimed in claim 12, wherein, described hydraulic piston and the second hydraulic piston are in fluid communication, and the actuating of described second hydraulic piston causes the translation of described hydraulic piston and causes described tooth bar to adjust the alignment of each described rotatable permanent magnet.
14. rotor as claimed in claim 13, wherein, described second hydraulic piston is activated by linear actuators.
15. rotor as claimed in claim 4, wherein, single central gear cooperates with each described magnet gears, to keep the identical alignment of each described rotatable permanent magnet approx.
16. rotor as claimed in claim 1, also include the fixing external rotor magnet being attached to the outside of described rotor.
17. an electro-motor, including:
Stator, described stator has electrical stator winding；
Rotating stator field, described rotation stator field is produced by the electric current flowing through described stator winding；
Rotor, described rotor is positioned at described stator winding, and described rotor includes:
Fixed pole block, described fixed pole block is made up of the not magnetisable material of magnetic conduction, and described fixed pole block includes interior pole block and outer pole block, and interior pole block and outer pole block are separated by non magnetic packing ring, and outer pole block is separated by the air gap；And
Permanent magnet in the multiple cylinders cooperated with described pole block magnetic, described interior permanent magnet can rotate rotor field is adjusted to high-intensity magnetic field and be adjusted to low-intensity magnetic field.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12/610,184 US8390162B2 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2009-10-30 | Reconfigurable inductive to synchronous motor |
| US12/610,271 US8097993B2 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2009-10-30 | Electric motor and/or generator with mechanically tuneable permanent magnetic field |
| US12/610,271 | 2009-10-30 | ||
| US12/610,184 | 2009-10-30 | ||
| US12/905,834 | 2010-10-15 | ||
| US12/905,834 US8072108B2 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2010-10-15 | Electric motor or generator with mechanically tuneable permanent magnetic field |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102055257A CN102055257A (en) | 2011-05-11 |
| CN102055257B true CN102055257B (en) | 2016-06-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201010533434.XA Expired - Fee Related CN102055257B (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2010-10-29 | Electric motor and/or generator with mechanically adjustable permanent magnetic field |
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| CN (1) | CN102055257B (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI572116B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104767339B (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2016-03-09 | 吉林大学 | A kind of excitation adjustable permanent-magnet synchronous machine |
| CN106992649B (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2019-01-18 | 江西理工大学 | Become magnetic flow permanent magnet energy conversion |
| US11482360B2 (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2022-10-25 | The Boeing Company | Stator secondary windings to modify a permanent magnet (PM) field |
| US10581287B2 (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2020-03-03 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Permanent magnet electric machine with variable magnet orientation |
| US10541578B2 (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2020-01-21 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Permanent magnet electric machine with moveable flux-shunting elements |
| CN109995162A (en) * | 2019-04-05 | 2019-07-09 | 南京理工大学 | An integrated multi-purpose permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor |
| KR102449464B1 (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-09-29 | 이승권 | Sequential independent power generation device with organic current strength selection function |
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| GB495813A (en) * | 1936-05-27 | 1938-11-21 | Jakob Bohli | Magneto electric machines |
| DE4421594A1 (en) * | 1994-06-21 | 1996-01-04 | Bernhard Kraser | Air-gap induction variation device for rotary or linear electrical machine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US2209558A (en) * | 1937-04-22 | 1940-07-30 | Karl Otto Goettsch | Magnetic clamping appliance |
| US2243616A (en) * | 1937-12-08 | 1941-05-27 | Bing Julius | Lifting magnet |
| YU41934B (en) * | 1979-08-03 | 1988-02-29 | Baermann Max | Switehing-in permanent - magnetbrake |
| JP3879412B2 (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2007-02-14 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Power generation system |
| JP4120347B2 (en) * | 2002-10-08 | 2008-07-16 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Rotating electric machine |
| JP4882715B2 (en) * | 2006-12-11 | 2012-02-22 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Electric motor and control method thereof |
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2010
- 2010-10-29 CN CN201010533434.XA patent/CN102055257B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-11-01 TW TW099137488A patent/TWI572116B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB495813A (en) * | 1936-05-27 | 1938-11-21 | Jakob Bohli | Magneto electric machines |
| DE4421594A1 (en) * | 1994-06-21 | 1996-01-04 | Bernhard Kraser | Air-gap induction variation device for rotary or linear electrical machine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TWI572116B (en) | 2017-02-21 |
| TW201126872A (en) | 2011-08-01 |
| CN102055257A (en) | 2011-05-11 |
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