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CN102054266B - Method for suppressing night low-illumination image noise - Google Patents

Method for suppressing night low-illumination image noise Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102054266B
CN102054266B CN2010105608176A CN201010560817A CN102054266B CN 102054266 B CN102054266 B CN 102054266B CN 2010105608176 A CN2010105608176 A CN 2010105608176A CN 201010560817 A CN201010560817 A CN 201010560817A CN 102054266 B CN102054266 B CN 102054266B
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noise
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CN102054266A (en
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朱虹
刘薇
赵朝杰
王栋
邢楠
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Xian University of Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开的一种夜间低照度图像噪声的抑制方法，具体方法为：首先判断找出大增益增强后的低照度图像，对低照度图像中的噪声敏感区域进行非线性映射，在对非线性映射后的图像再进行一次中值滤波，最后输出的结果图像即为噪声抑制后的图像。本发明采用非线性映射与中值滤波相结合的方法对图像的噪声进行抑制，由此达到了在保持原有图像能见度的同时，抑制低照度图像的噪声，提高夜间图像的监控画面质量。

Figure 201010560817

The invention discloses a noise suppression method for low-illumination images at night. The specific method is as follows: firstly, judge and find out the low-illuminance image enhanced by a large gain, perform nonlinear mapping on the noise-sensitive area in the low-illuminance image, and perform nonlinear mapping on the non-linear The mapped image is subjected to median filtering again, and the final output image is the image after noise suppression. The invention adopts the method of combining nonlinear mapping and median filter to suppress the noise of the image, thereby achieving the suppression of the noise of the low-illuminance image while maintaining the visibility of the original image, and improving the monitoring picture quality of the night image.

Figure 201010560817

Description

一种夜间低照度图像噪声的抑制方法A Noise Suppression Method for Low-illumination Image at Night

技术领域 technical field

本发明属全天候视频监控技术领域，涉及一种用于夜间低照度图像噪声的去除方法，具体涉及一种采用非线性映射及中值滤波方法相结合的方法，抑制低照度图像的随机噪声。 The invention belongs to the technical field of all-weather video monitoring, and relates to a noise removal method for low-illuminance images at night, in particular to a method combining nonlinear mapping and a median filtering method to suppress random noise in low-illuminance images.

背景技术 Background technique

如智能交通监控这类需要对监视视场进行全天候监视的情况，当进入夜间，因照度过低，为了看清景物，需要对低亮度进行大增益增强，由此导致了监视画面因大增益导致的噪声过强，大大影响了画面的显示效果。 For situations such as intelligent traffic monitoring that require all-weather monitoring of the monitoring field of view, when entering the night, because the illumination is too low, in order to see the scene clearly, it is necessary to enhance the low brightness with a large gain, which leads to the large gain of the monitoring screen. The noise is too strong, which greatly affects the display effect of the picture.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于提供一种夜间低照度图像噪声的抑制方法，对于夜间低照度图像因大增益增强导致的画面噪声过强的情况，能在保持画面景物能见度的前提下，抑制噪声。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a noise suppression method for low-illumination images at night, which can suppress noise under the premise of maintaining the visibility of the scene in the low-illumination image at night when the image noise is too strong due to large gain enhancement.

本发明所采用的技术方案是，一种夜间低照度图像噪声的抑制方法，通过非线性映射，对图像的噪声敏感区域进行抑制，再对非线性映射后的图像进行一次中值滤波，将剩余噪声进行再一次的抑制，具体按以下方法操作： The technical solution adopted in the present invention is a nighttime low-illumination image noise suppression method, which suppresses the noise-sensitive area of the image through nonlinear mapping, and then performs a median filter on the nonlinearly mapped image to convert the remaining The noise is suppressed again, specifically as follows:

步骤1. 对读入的图像判断其是否为大增益增强后的低照度图像 Step 1. Determine whether the read-in image is a low-light image enhanced by a large gain

设读入的图像为                                                

Figure 2010105608176100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
，计算读入图像
Figure 762513DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
的均值： Let the image read in be
Figure 2010105608176100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
, calculate and read the image
Figure 762513DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
mean of:

Figure 120813DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
             （1）
Figure 120813DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
(1)

其中，其中，

Figure 2010105608176100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
为图像的亮度均值，
Figure 531066DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
分别为图像的高、宽像素个数， where, where,
Figure 2010105608176100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
is the average brightness of the image,
Figure 531066DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
are the height and width pixels of the image, respectively,

设设备给定的图像亮度值范围为

Figure 2010105608176100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
，如果
Figure 330001DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
，则判断其为大增益增强后的低照度图像； Set the image brightness value range given by the device as
Figure 2010105608176100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
,if
Figure 330001DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
, it is judged to be a low-light image enhanced by a large gain;

步骤2. 对低照度图像进行非线性映射 Step 2. Non-linear mapping of low-light images

对步骤1判断为大增益增强后的低照度图像中噪声分布较丰富的区域采用非线性映射方法进行抑制，设抑制后的图像为

Figure 2010105608176100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
，则 In step 1, it is judged that the area with rich noise distribution in the low-light image after large-gain enhancement is suppressed by the nonlinear mapping method, and the suppressed image is set as
Figure 2010105608176100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
,but

Figure 68281DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
                （2）
Figure 68281DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
(2)

其中，为设备给定图像亮度值范围的上限；

Figure 853441DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
为调整量；
Figure 2010105608176100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
为方差；为调整系数，取值为 in, Specify the upper limit of the image brightness value range for the device;
Figure 853441DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
is the adjustment amount;
Figure 2010105608176100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
is the variance; is the adjustment coefficient, the value is

Figure 2010105608176100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
                          （3）
Figure 2010105608176100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
(3)

其中，为

Figure 133788DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
的均值； in, for
Figure 133788DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
the mean value of

步骤3. 对步骤2进行了非线性映射后的图像

Figure 37153DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
进行中值滤波， Step 3. Image after nonlinear mapping of step 2
Figure 37153DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
Perform a median filter,

步骤4．输出结果图像

Figure 2010105608176100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
，即为噪声抑制图像， Step 4. output result image
Figure 2010105608176100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
, which is the noise-suppressed image,

如果是彩色图像，则将上面的步骤分别在三个颜色通道上操作一次，即得到噪声抑制后的图像。 If it is a color image, perform the above steps on the three color channels respectively to obtain a noise-suppressed image.

本发明的低照度图像噪声抑制方法采用非线性映射与中值滤波相结合，在保持大增益增强景物能见度的前提下，对噪声进行有效抑制。 The low-illuminance image noise suppression method of the present invention adopts the combination of nonlinear mapping and median filter, and effectively suppresses the noise under the premise of maintaining a large gain to enhance the visibility of the scene.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1 是本发明方法中使用的滤波模板示意图； Fig. 1 is the filtering template schematic diagram that uses in the inventive method;

图2是读入的带噪声图像； Figure 2 is the read image with noise;

图3是本发明方法对图2进行步骤2的非线性映射处理后的结果图像； Fig. 3 is the result image after the non-linear mapping process of step 2 is carried out to Fig. 2 by the method of the present invention;

图4是本发明方法对图1经过步骤2、3处理后的最终结果图像。 Fig. 4 is the final result image of Fig. 1 after steps 2 and 3 are processed by the method of the present invention.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

下面结合具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。 The present invention will be described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments.

本发明的低照度图像的噪声抑制方法，具体操作方法如下： The noise suppression method of the low-illuminance image of the present invention, the specific operation method is as follows:

步骤1. 对读入的图像判断其是否为大增益增强后的低照度图像 Step 1. Determine whether the read-in image is a low-light image enhanced by a large gain

设读入的图像为

Figure 94102DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
，图2显示的是一个带噪声图像的具体实例， Let the image read in be
Figure 94102DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
, Figure 2 shows a specific example of a noisy image,

计算读入图像

Figure 221458DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
的均值： Calculations read in images
Figure 221458DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
mean of:

Figure 931401DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
             （1）
Figure 931401DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
(1)

其中，为图像的亮度均值，

Figure 674546DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
分别为图像的高、宽像素个数。 in, is the average brightness of the image,
Figure 674546DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
are the height and width pixels of the image, respectively.

设备给定的图像亮度值范围为

Figure 972803DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
，如果
Figure 359922DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
，则判断其为大增益增强后的低照度图像。   The range of image brightness values given by the device is
Figure 972803DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
,if
Figure 359922DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
, then it is judged to be a low-illumination image enhanced with a large gain.

步骤2. 对低照度图像进行非线性映射 Step 2. Non-linear mapping of low-light images

对步骤1得到的大增益增强后的低照度图像中噪声分布较丰富的区域采用非线性映射方法进行抑制，设抑制后的图像为

Figure 667407DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
，则 In step 1, the area with rich noise distribution in the high-gain enhanced low-illumination image is suppressed by nonlinear mapping method, and the suppressed image is set as
Figure 667407DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
,but

Figure 495686DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
                （2）
Figure 495686DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
(2)

其中，

Figure 292740DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
为设备给定图像亮度值范围的上限，对于8bit位图，
Figure 2010105608176100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
；
Figure 836330DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
为一个小的调整量，建议取
Figure 947505DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
最大为
Figure 958186DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
的1%；为方差，方差越大，则抑制噪声效果越好，但同时图像的细节破坏也越严重，因此，建议
Figure 897641DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
；为调整系数，用以保持非线性映射前后图像的亮度不变， in,
Figure 292740DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
Specify the upper limit of the image brightness value range for the device, for 8bit bitmap,
Figure 2010105608176100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
;
Figure 836330DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
For a small adjustment amount, it is recommended to take
Figure 947505DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
up to
Figure 958186DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
1%; is the variance, the larger the variance, the better the noise suppression effect, but at the same time, the more serious the detail damage of the image is, therefore, it is recommended
Figure 897641DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
; is an adjustment coefficient to keep the brightness of the image before and after nonlinear mapping unchanged,

Figure 412116DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
                          （3）
Figure 412116DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
(3)

其中，

Figure 550973DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
为
Figure 72084DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
的均值，可按公式（1）计算得到，对图2具体实例的图像经该步骤处理后的效果如图3所示。 in,
Figure 550973DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
for
Figure 72084DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
The mean value of can be calculated according to formula (1), and the effect of the image of the specific example in Figure 2 after this step is shown in Figure 3.

步骤3. 对步骤2进行了非线性映射后的图像

Figure 321800DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
进行中值滤波，进一步抑制噪声，中值滤波步骤如下。 Step 3. Image after nonlinear mapping of step 2
Figure 321800DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
Perform median filtering to further suppress noise. The steps of median filtering are as follows.

1）设置中值滤波器的模板 1) Set the template of the median filter

采用十字形的模板形状，模板大小为

Figure 2010105608176100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
，十字的四段直线端点距离中心点的长度为
Figure 182440DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
，
Figure 492198DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
为大于0的整数，由此使模板覆盖的像素个数为奇数个，如图1所示。
Figure 497676DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
越大，抑制噪声效果越好，但同时景物细节的损失也越大，因此，建议取
Figure 2010105608176100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
。 Using a cross-shaped template shape, the template size is
Figure 2010105608176100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
, the length of the four straight line endpoints of the cross from the center point is
Figure 182440DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
,
Figure 492198DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
is an integer greater than 0, so that the number of pixels covered by the template is an odd number, as shown in FIG. 1 .
Figure 497676DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
The larger the value, the better the effect of suppressing noise, but at the same time the loss of scene details is also greater. Therefore, it is recommended to select
Figure 2010105608176100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
.

模板的作用是确定参与中值滤波的邻域范围，对模板无法全部覆盖的图像边缘部分不做处理。 The role of the template is to determine the neighborhood range participating in the median filter, and not to process the edge parts of the image that cannot be fully covered by the template.

2）对的待处理像素

Figure 266229DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
放置在模板的中心位置，即取到的模板覆盖的邻域为
Figure 684572DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
； 2 pairs of pending pixels
Figure 266229DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
Placed at the center of the template, that is, the neighborhood covered by the obtained template is
Figure 684572DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
;

3）对模板覆盖的邻域内的所有像素按照从小到大的顺序进行排序； 3) Sort all the pixels in the neighborhood covered by the template in ascending order;

4）取排序后的邻域

Figure 2010105608176100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
的中值，即排在
Figure 914696DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
+1位置上的像素值作为中值滤波后的值，设中值滤波结果图像为
Figure 709476DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
，则 4) Take the sorted neighborhood
Figure 2010105608176100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
the median value of the
Figure 914696DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
The pixel value at the +1 position is taken as the value after the median filter, and the result image of the median filter is set as
Figure 709476DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
,but

           （4） (4)

函数

Figure 341446DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
表示取中值操作。 function
Figure 341446DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
Indicates the median value operation.

步骤4．输出结果图像

Figure 993007DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
，即为噪声抑制图像，对图2具体实例的图像经本发明处理后的效果如图4所示。 Step 4. output result image
Figure 993007DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
, which is the noise-suppressed image, and the effect of the image of the specific example in FIG. 2 after being processed by the present invention is shown in FIG. 4 .

如果是彩色图像，则将上面的步骤分别在三个颜色通道上操作一次，即得到噪声抑制后的图像。 If it is a color image, perform the above steps on the three color channels respectively to obtain a noise-suppressed image.

Claims (4)

1.一种夜间低照度图像噪声的抑制方法，通过非线性映射，对图像的噪声敏感区域进行抑制，再对非线性映射后的图像进行一次中值滤波，将剩余噪声进行再一次的抑制，其特征在于，具体按以下方法操作： 1. A noise suppression method for low-illumination images at night, through nonlinear mapping, the noise-sensitive area of the image is suppressed, and then a median filter is performed on the image after the nonlinear mapping, and the remaining noise is suppressed again, It is characterized in that the specific operation is as follows: 步骤1. 对读入的图像判断其是否为大增益增强后的低照度图像 Step 1. Determine whether the read-in image is a low-light image enhanced by a large gain 设读入的图像为 
Figure 178503DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
，计算读入图像的均值： Let the image read in be
Figure 178503DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
, calculate and read the image mean of:              （1） (1) 其中，
Figure 264774DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
为图像的亮度均值，
Figure 89510DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
分别为图像的高、宽像素个数， in,
Figure 264774DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
is the average brightness of the image,
Figure 89510DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
are the height and width pixels of the image, respectively, 设设备给定的图像亮度值范围为，如果
Figure 788662DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
，则判断其为大增益增强后的低照度图像； Set the image brightness value range given by the device as ,if
Figure 788662DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
, it is judged to be a low-light image enhanced by a large gain; 步骤2. 对低照度图像进行非线性映射 Step 2. Non-linear mapping of low-light images 对步骤1判断为大增益增强后的低照度图像中噪声分布较丰富的区域采用非线性映射方法进行抑制，设抑制后的图像为
Figure 747872DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
，则 In step 1, it is judged that the area with rich noise distribution in the low-light image after large-gain enhancement is suppressed by the nonlinear mapping method, and the suppressed image is set as
Figure 747872DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
,but
Figure 376299DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
                （2）
Figure 376299DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
(2) 其中，
Figure 412389DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
为设备给定图像亮度值范围的上限；
Figure 100859DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
为调整量；
Figure 550295DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
为方差；
Figure 654517DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
为调整系数，取值为 in,
Figure 412389DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
Specify the upper limit of the image brightness value range for the device;
Figure 100859DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
is the adjustment amount;
Figure 550295DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
is the variance;
Figure 654517DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
is the adjustment coefficient, the value is
Figure 873009DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
                          （3）
Figure 873009DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
(3) 其中，
Figure 670063DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
为
Figure 341216DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
的均值； in,
Figure 670063DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
for
Figure 341216DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
the mean value of 步骤3. 对步骤2进行了非线性映射后的图像
Figure 514709DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
进行中值滤波， Step 3. Image after nonlinear mapping of step 2
Figure 514709DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
Perform a median filter, 步骤4．输出结果图像
Figure 587707DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
，即为噪声抑制图像 Step 4. output result image
Figure 587707DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
, which is the noise-suppressed image 如果是彩色图像，则将上面的步骤分别在三个颜色通道上操作一次，即得到噪声抑制后的图像。 If it is a color image, perform the above steps on the three color channels respectively to obtain a noise-suppressed image. 2.按照权利要求1所述的夜间低照度图像噪声的抑制方法，其特征在于，所述步骤2中：对于8bit位图，取值为
Figure 714112DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
；
Figure 225383DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
取值为≤
Figure 356150DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
的1%；
Figure 557324DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
。 2. according to the suppressing method of nighttime low illumination image noise of claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 2: for 8bit bitmap, The value is
Figure 714112DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
;
Figure 225383DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
The value is ≤
Figure 356150DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
1%;
Figure 557324DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
. 3.按照权利要求1所述的夜间低照度图像噪声的抑制方法，其特征在于，所述步骤3中的中值滤波步骤如下： 3. according to the suppressing method of nighttime low illumination image noise of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the median filter step in the described step 3 is as follows: 1）设置中值滤波器的模板 1) Set the template of the median filter 采用十字形的模板形状，模板大小为
Figure 140752DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
，
Figure 452785DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
为十字的四段直线端点距离中心点的长度，
Figure 438059DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
取值为大于0的整数，对模板无法全部覆盖的图像边缘部分不做处理， Using a cross-shaped template shape, the template size is
Figure 140752DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
,
Figure 452785DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
is the length from the end points of the four straight lines of the cross to the center point,
Figure 438059DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
The value is an integer greater than 0, and the edge part of the image that cannot be completely covered by the template is not processed. 2）将
Figure 810134DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
的待处理像素
Figure 943175DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
放置在模板的中心位置，即取到的模板覆盖的邻域为
Figure 996582DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
Figure 898679DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
； 2) Will
Figure 810134DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
of pending pixels
Figure 943175DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
Placed at the center of the template, that is, the neighborhood covered by the obtained template is
Figure 996582DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
Figure 898679DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
; 3）对模板覆盖的邻域内的所有像素按照从小到大的顺序进行排序； 3) Sort all the pixels in the neighborhood covered by the template in ascending order; 4）取排序后的邻域的中值，即排在
Figure 734097DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
+1位置上的像素值作为中值滤波后的值，设中值滤波结果图像为
Figure 653511DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
，则 4) Take the sorted neighborhood the median value of the
Figure 734097DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
The pixel value at the +1 position is taken as the value after the median filter, and the result image of the median filter is set as
Figure 653511DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
,but
Figure 347798DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
           （4）
Figure 347798DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
(4) 函数
Figure 82183DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
表示取中值操作。 function
Figure 82183DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
Indicates the median value operation. 4.按照权利要求3所述的夜间低照度图像噪声的抑制方法，其特征在于，所述步骤3的1）中，
Figure 189817DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
取值为3。 4. The nighttime low-illumination image noise suppression method according to claim 3, characterized in that, in step 1) of step 3,
Figure 189817DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
The value is 3.
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