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CN102046683A - Polyurethane-polyurea dispersions based on polycarbonate-polyols - Google Patents

Polyurethane-polyurea dispersions based on polycarbonate-polyols Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102046683A
CN102046683A CN200980120901.1A CN200980120901A CN102046683A CN 102046683 A CN102046683 A CN 102046683A CN 200980120901 A CN200980120901 A CN 200980120901A CN 102046683 A CN102046683 A CN 102046683A
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weight
component
isocyanate
gram
compound
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Inventor
L·K·金丁
P·D·施米特
R·M·柯尼特斯内
W·A·科索
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Covestro LLC
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Bayer MaterialScience LLC
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
    • C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C08G18/0804—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups
    • C08G18/0819—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups
    • C08G18/0828—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups containing sulfonate groups or groups forming them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
    • C08G18/12—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step using two or more compounds having active hydrogen in the first polymerisation step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/2805—Compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/2815—Monohydroxy compounds
    • C08G18/283—Compounds containing ether groups, e.g. oxyalkylated monohydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
    • C08G18/44—Polycarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/721—Two or more polyisocyanates not provided for in one single group C08G18/73 - C08G18/80
    • C08G18/722—Combination of two or more aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic polyisocyanates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04—Polyurethanes

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to new, hydrolysis-stable, aqueous polyurethane-polyurea dispersions based on polycarbonate-polyols, to a process for preparing them and to their use in coating materials.

Description

Polyurethane-polyurea dispersions based on polycarbonate-polyvalent alcohol
Background of invention
The present invention relates to novel aqueous polyurethane-polyurea dispersions, prepare method and their application in coating of these dispersions with stability to hydrolysis based on polyether-polycarbonate polyols.
Use aqueous binders, particularly polyurethane-polyurea (PU) dispersion more and more common to the situation that base material is coated with.The preparation of water-based PU dispersion is well known by persons skilled in the art.
In the coating of flexible substrate, particularly fabric and leather, solvent-laden system is replaced by low solvent or solvent-free water-based system just day by day.Polyurethane dispersions meets the requirement of fabric and leather coating very much, for example to the height endurability of chemical, high mechanical resistance and high tensile and flexible.
The PU dispersion that an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of novelty is as the coating composition that is used for flexible substrate, and said composition not only meets the requirement of above-mentioned PU dispersion, but also shows splendid thermostability, stability to hydrolysis and tint retention.
Have been found that ion and/or non-ionic hydrophilic aqueous polyurethane-polyurea dispersions (PUD) based on polycarbonate polyol can produce the coating with multiple above-mentioned character on base material.When being in the temperature of rising for a long time, demonstrate improved resistance to hydrolysis, thermostability and splendid tint retention according to coating of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the invention provides a kind of aqueous polyurethane-polyurea dispersions that comprises following synthetic component:
I.1) one or more polyisocyanates,
I.2) one or more polycarbonate polyols, its number-average molecular weight are 1000-3000 gram/mole, and hydroxyl value is a 18-56 milligram KOH/ gram, and the OH functionality is 1.8-2.2,
I.3) one or more molecular weight are 62-400 gram/mole and have two or more hydroxyls altogether and/or amino compound,
I.4) Ren Xuan one or more have hydroxyl or amino compound,
I.5) one or more have the ion or the potential ionic hydrophilic compound of isocyanate-reactive, and
I.6) Ren Xuan one or more have the non-ionic hydrophilized compound of isocyanate-reactive,
Wherein, in component I .2) total amount be benchmark, polyol component is I.2) contain the polycarbonate polyol of 60 weight %-100 weight % based on poly-(1, the 4-butyleneglycol); Prerequisite is that this polycarbonate polyol is not based on poly-(1,4 butyleneglycol) polyvalent alcohol.
The present invention also provides a kind of method for preparing aqueous polyurethane-polyurea dispersions of the present invention, and this method comprises:
A) make following component reaction:
I.1) one or more polyisocyanates,
I.2) one or more polycarbonate polyols, its number-average molecular weight are 1000-3000 gram/mole, and hydroxyl value is a 18-56 milligram KOH/ gram, and the OH functionality is 1.8-2.2,
I.3) one or more molecular weight are 62-400 gram/mole and have two or more hydroxyls altogether and/or amino compound,
I.4) Ren Xuan one or more have hydroxyl or amino compound,
I.5) one or more have the ion or the potential ionic hydrophilic compound of isocyanate-reactive, and
I.6) Ren Xuan one or more have the non-ionic hydrophilized compound of isocyanate-reactive,
Make the isocyanate-functional prepolymer of no urea groups, the mol ratio of isocyanate group and isocyanate reactive group is 1.0-3.5;
B) this reaction product is dispersed in the water; And
C) before in being dispersed in water, during or afterwards, remaining isocyanate group is carried out amino-functional increase chain reaction or chain termination reaction, the equivalence ratio that wherein is used to increase between the free isocyanate groups of the isocyanate reactive group of compound of chain and prepolymer is 40%-150%.
The detailed description of preferred implementation
Except as otherwise noted, used all " molecular weight " index average molecular weights in specification sheets and claims.
The polyisocyanates that is suitable as component I .1 is aromatics as known in the art, araliphatic, aliphatic series or alicyclic polyisocyanates.They can use separately, perhaps use with their any required form of mixtures each other.
The example of suitable polyisocyanates is 1,4-fourth vulcabond, 1, hexamethylene-diisocyanate (HDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), 2,2,4-and/or 2,4,4-trimethylammonium-hexamethylene diisocyanate, isomeric two (4,4 '-isocyanate group cyclohexyl) methane or their mixtures with any required content of isomer, 1, the 4-cyclohexyl diisocyanate, 1, the 4-phenylene diisocyanate, 2,4-and/or 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, 1, the 5-naphthalene diisocyanate, 2,4 '-or 4,4 '-diphenylmethanediisocyanate, 1,3-and 1,4-two (2-isocyanate group third-2-yl) benzene (TMXDI) and 1,3-two (isocyanic ester ylmethyl) benzene (XDI).Correspondingly, can also use the polyisocyanates of functionality 〉=2.These polyisocyanates comprise have urea diketone (uretdione), isocyanuric acid ester, carbamate, allophanate, biuret, iminooxadiazinedionepolyisocyanates diketone be with the vulcabond of the modification of/Huo oxadiazine triketone structure, and has unmodified polyisocyanates in each molecule more than 2 NCO groups, 4-isocyanate group methyloctane 1 for example, 8-vulcabond (nonane triisocyanate) or triphenyl methane 4,4 ', 4 "-triisocyanate.
Described polyisocyanates or polyisocyanate mixtures preferably mentioned kind, only comprise the polyisocyanates or the polyisocyanate mixtures of the isocyanate group that is connected with aliphatic group and/or alicyclic group, its average functionality is 2-4, be preferably 2-2.6, more preferably 2-2.4.
Particularly preferably be hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, isomeric two (4,4 '-isocyanate group cyclohexyl) methane, and their mixture.
Suitable polycarbonate is I.2) can make by carbonic acid derivatives such as diphenyl carbonate, methylcarbonate or phosgene and glycol reaction.The suitable example of this class glycol comprises ethylene glycol, 1,2-and 1, ammediol, 1,3-and 1,4-butyleneglycol, 1,6-hexylene glycol, 1,8-ethohexadiol, neopentyl glycol, 1,4-dihydroxyl methylcyclohexane, 2-methyl isophthalic acid, ammediol, 2,2,4-trimethylammonium-1,3-pentanediol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, dibutylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, dihydroxyphenyl propane, tetrabromo-bisphenol, and interior ester modified glycol.Diol component preferably comprises the hexylene glycol of 40 weight %-100 weight %, and preferably 1,6-hexylene glycol and/or hexane diol derivatives.Preferred diol component comprises the example that also has ether or ester group except end OH base.
The hydroxyl polycarbonate should be a line style substantially.But owing to introduced multifunctional component, especially low molecular weight polyols, they are branching slightly also.Suitable example comprises glycerol, TriMethylolPropane(TMP), 1,2,6-hexanetriol, 1,2,4-trihydroxybutane, TriMethylolPropane(TMP), tetramethylolmethane, quinite, N.F,USP MANNITOL, Sorbitol Powder, methylglycoside or 1,3,4,6-dianhydrohexitol.
In general, the low molecular weight polyols that is used for the synthesis of polyurethane resin is I.3) have an effect that makes polymer chain sclerosis and/or branching.Molecular weight is preferably 62-299 gram/mole.Suitable polyvalent alcohol is I.3) can comprise aliphatic series, alicyclic or aromatic group.Described low molecular weight polyols can for example be to have the low molecular weight polyols of about 20 carbon atoms at most in each molecule, ethylene glycol for example, glycol ether, triglycol, 1, the 2-propylene glycol, 1, ammediol, 1, the 4-butyleneglycol, 1, the 3-butyleneglycol, cyclohexanediol, 1, the 4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1, the 6-hexylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, hydroquinore dihydroxyethylether, dihydroxyphenyl propane (2,2-two (4-hydroxy phenyl) propane), Hydrogenated Bisphenol A (2,2-two (4-hydroxy-cyclohexyl) propane), also has TriMethylolPropane(TMP), glycerol or tetramethylolmethane, their mixture, other optional low molecular weight polyols I.3).Can also use esterdiol, for example Alpha-hydroxy butyl-ε-hydroxycaproic ester, ω-hydroxyl hexyl-gamma-hydroxybutyric acid ester, hexanodioic acid beta-hydroxy ethyl ester or terephthalic acid two (beta-hydroxy ethyl) ester.Preferred synthetic component ii) is a 1,1,4-butyleneglycol, 1,6-hexylene glycol and 2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-glycol.Particularly preferably be 1,4-butyleneglycol and 1,6-hexylene glycol.
Can use diamines or polyamines and hydrazides similarly as component I .3), quadrol, 1 for example, 2-and 1,3-diaminopropanes, 1,4-diaminobutane, 1,6-diamino hexane, isophorone diamine, 2,2,4-and 2,4,4-trimethylammonium-1, the isomer mixture of 6-hexanediamine, 2-methyl isophthalic acid, 5-pentamethylene diamine, diethylenetriamine, 1,3-and 1,4-benzene dimethylamine, α, α, α ', α '-tetramethyl--1,3-and-1,4-benzene dimethylamine and 4,4-diamino-dicyclohexyl methane, dimethyl-ethylenediamine, hydrazine or adipic dihydrazide.
Also be suitable as component I .3 in principle) compound comprise the NCO group had the active active hydrogen of differential responses, for example except primary amino, also comprise the compound of secondary amino group, perhaps except amino (uncle or secondary), also comprise the compound of OH group.The example of these compounds is the primary/secondary amine of 3-amino-1-methylamino propane, 3-amino-1-ethylamino propane, 3-amino-1-cyclohexyl aminopropane, 3-amino-1-methylamino-butane and so on for example, and alkanolamine for example N-amino ethyl ethanolamine, thanomin, 3-aminopropanol, neopentyl alcohol amine, preferred especially diethanolamine.When preparation PU dispersion of the present invention, can use them as chain extension agent and/or chain terminator.
PU dispersion of the present invention can also be chosen wantonly and be included in the unit that is positioned at the terminal of chain under each situation and seals described end I.4).These unit are derived from the monofunctional compound that the NCO group is had reactive behavior, monoamine for example, particularly single secondary amine, perhaps single alcohol.Described monofunctional compound can be an ethanol for example, propyl carbinol, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 2-Ethylhexyl Alcohol, the 1-octanol, the 1-dodecanol, the 1-cetyl alcohol, methylamine, ethamine, propylamine, butylamine, octylame, lauryl amine, stearylamine, different ninth of the ten Heavenly Stems oxygen base propylamine, dimethylamine, diethylamine, dipropyl amine, dibutylamine, N-methylamino propylamine, the amino propylamine of diethyl (methyl), morpholine, the derivative of piperidines and/or their suitable replacement, the amide amine that forms by di-primary amine and monocarboxylic acid, the single ketones imines (monoketime) of di-primary amine, primary amine/tertiary amine, N for example, N-dimethylamino propylamine etc.
Ion or potential ionic hydrophilic Compound I .5) be meant all compounds with following character: comprise at least one isocyanate reactive group and at least one for example for-COOY ,-SO 3Y ,-PO (OY) 2(Y for example is H, NH 4 +, metallic cation) ,-NR 2,-NR 3 +The functional group of (R=H, alkyl, aryl), they and aqueous medium interact and reach the dissociation equilibrium that depends on the pH value, thereby can carry negativity, positivity or neutral charge.Preferred isocyanate reactive group is hydroxyl or amino.
Meeting component I .5) the suitable ion or the potential ionic hydrophilic compound of definition for example be: single-and two-hydroxycarboxylic acid, single-and two-aminocarboxylic acid, single-and two-hydroxyl sulfoacid, single-and two-thionamic acid, single in addition-and two-hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid, single-and two-aminophosphonic acid, and their salt, dimethylol propionic acid for example, dimethylolpropionic acid, hydroxy new pentane acid, N-(2-amino-ethyl)-Beta-alanine, 2-(2-aminoethylamino) ethyl sulfonic acid, quadrol-propyl group-or-butyl sulfonic acid, 1,2-or 1,3-propylene diamine-β-ethyl sulfonic acid, oxysuccinic acid, citric acid, oxyacetic acid, lactic acid, glycine, L-Ala, taurine, Methionin, 3, the 5-diaminobenzoic acid, IPDI and acrylic acid adducts (EP-A 0 916 647, and embodiment 1) and basic metal and/or ammonium salt; DE-A 2 446 440 (sodium bisulfite and the but-2-ene-1 described in the 5-9 page or leaf, general formula I-III), the adducts of 4-glycol, polyether sulfonate, 2-butylene two pure and mild NaHSO for example 3The propoxylation adducts, and the compound that contains the unit that can the change into cation group unit of amine (for example based on) N methyldiethanol amine for example is as the synthetic component of wetting ability.Can also use cyclohexyl aminopropanesulfonic acid (CAPS) (for example described in the WO-A 01/88006), as meeting component I .5) the compound of definition.
Preferred ion or potential ionic compound are I.5) be compound with carboxyl or carboxylate radical and/or sulfonate radical and/or ammonium.Particularly preferred ionic compound is I.5) be to comprise carboxyl and/or sulfonate radical as ion or at the compound of ionogenic group, for example (EP-A 0 916 647 for the salt of the salt of N-(2-amino-ethyl)-Beta-alanine, 2-(2-aminoethylamino) ethyl sulfonic acid or IPDI and acrylic acid adducts, embodiment 1) salt, and the salt of dimethylol propionic acid.
Meeting component I .6) the suitable non-ionic hydrophilized compound of definition is for example to comprise at least one hydroxyl or amino polyoxyalkylene ether.These polyethers comprise the unit derived from oxyethane of 30 weight %-100 weight %.
Be used to introduce the synthetic component I .6 of wetting ability of the end hydrophilic chain that contains ethylene oxide unit) compound of general formula (I) preferably:
H-Y′-X-Y-R (I)
Wherein:
R is the univalence hydrocarbyl with 1-12 carbon atom, preferably has the not substituted alkyl of 1-4 carbon atom,
X is the polyalkylene oxide chain with individual, preferred 20-70 the chain integral part of 5-90, described chain integral part comprises at least 40%, preferred at least 65% ethylene oxide unit, except ethylene oxide unit, also comprise propylene oxide, butylene oxide ring or Styrene oxide 98min. unit, in these unit of back preferably propylene oxide units and
Y/Y ' be oxygen or-NR '-, wherein R ' meets definition or the hydrogen of R.
Particularly preferred synthetic component I .6) be the multipolymer of oxyethane and propylene oxide, wherein the massfraction of oxyethane is greater than 50%, and more preferably 55% to 89%.
One preferred embodiment in, as synthetic component I .6) the molecular weight of compound be at least 400 gram/moles, preferably be at least 500 gram/moles, more preferably 1200-4500 gram/mole.
Preferably use the component I .1 of 5 weight %-30 weight %), the component I .2 of totally 60 weight %-90 weight %), the component I .3 of totally 0.5 weight %-30 weight %) and I.4), 0.1 the component I .5 of weight %-5 weight %), the component I .6 of 0-10 weight %), component I .5) and I.6 summation) is 0.1 weight %-15 weight %, and the summation of all components equals 100 weight %.
The particularly preferred component I .1 that is to use 5 weight %-25 weight %), the component I .2 of totally 65 weight %-85 weight %), the component I .3 of totally 0.5 weight %-25 weight %) and I.4), 0.1 the component I .5 of weight %-4 weight %), the component I .6 of 0-10 weight %), component I .5) and I.6 summation) is 0.1 weight %-14 weight %, and the summation of all components equals 100 weight %.
The particularly preferred component I .1 that is to use 13 weight %-20 weight %), the component I .2 of totally 65 weight %-80 weight %), the component I .3 of totally 0.5 weight %-14 weight %) and I.4), 0.1 the component I .5 of weight %-3.5 weight %), the component I .6 of 1 weight %-6 weight %), component I .5) and I.6 summation) is 0.1 weight %-13.5 weight %, and the summation of all components equals 100 weight %.
The process of preparation water-based PU dispersion (I) can divide one or more stages to carry out in homogeneous phase, perhaps under the situation of multistage reaction, partly carries out in disperse phase.I.1)-I.6) completely or partially carry out after the polyaddition reaction, disperse again, emulsification or dissolving step.Then, choose wantonly and in disperse phase, further carry out addition polymerization or modified-reaction.
In order to prepare water-based PU dispersion of the present invention, can use all methods as known in the art, for example prepolymer hybrid system, acetone method or melt dispersion method.Preferably prepare PU dispersion of the present invention by acetone method.
In order to prepare PU dispersion (I) by acetone method, usually component I .2)-I.6) (should not contain any primary amino or secondary amino group) and the polyisocyanate component that is used to prepare the isocyanate-functional polyurethane prepolymer are I.1), usually add in whole or in part as initial charge, and randomly use isocyanate groups is the inert water-miscible solvent dilutes, this initial charge is heated to 50-120 ℃ temperature.In order to accelerate the isocyanic ester addition reaction, can use known catalyzer in the polyurethane chemistry.Dibutyl tin laurate preferably.
Suitable solvent is that common aliphatic ketone official can solvent, for example acetone or butanone, and these solvents not only can add when preparation feedback begins, and can also choose subsequently interpolation pro rata wantonly.Preferably acetone and butanone.Can also use other solvents similarly, for example dimethylbenzene, toluene, hexanaphthene, butylacetate, acetate methoxyl group propyl ester, have the N-Methyl pyrrolidone solvent of ether unit or ester units, they can completely or partially distill and remove, and perhaps can all be retained in the dispersion.
Then, can be metered into the component I .1 that not have adding in when beginning reaction)-I.6) in any component.
In the preparation of polyurethane prepolymer, the mol ratio of isocyanate group and isocyanate reactive group is 1.0-3.5, is preferably 1.2-3.0, more preferably 1.3-2.5.
Component I .1)-I.6) form the reactive moieties of prepolymer or fully carry out, but preferably carry out fully.Like this, obtain containing the polyurethane prepolymer of free isocyanate groups with body (solvent-free) or solution form.
The preparation of polyurethane prepolymer can be followed simultaneously and carry out negatively charged ion and/or the salifiable reaction of the part or all of shape of cation dispersion group, perhaps carries out this reaction subsequently again, does not also carry out if this is reflected in the starting molecule.
For the situation of anionic group, can use the alkali of tertiary amine and so on for this purpose, for example contain the trialkylamine of individual, preferred 1-6 the carbon atom of 1-12 in each alkyl.The example of these alkali is Trimethylamine 99, triethylamine, methyl-diethyl-amine, tripropyl amine, N-methylmorpholine, methyl Diisopropylamine, ethyl diisopropylamine and diisopropylethylamine.Can also for example have hydroxyl in the described alkyl group, for example dialkyl group monoalkanolamine, alkyl dioxane hydramine and three alkanolamines.Can also choose wantonly and use mineral alkali, for example ammonium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide as neutralizing agent.Preferably triethylamine, trolamine, dimethylethanolamine or diisopropylethylamine.
The molar weight of alkali is the 50%-125% of the molar weight of anionic group, preferred 70%-100%.
For the situation of cation group, use methyl-sulfate or succsinic acid or phosphoric acid.Neutralization reaction also can take place simultaneously with dispersion steps, at this moment, has included neutralizing agent in the water of dispersion usefulness.
If the prepolymer that makes is not dissolving also, perhaps just partly dissolving then can further use the aliphatic ketone of acetone or butanone and so on to dissolve in the treatment step subsequently.
Subsequently, can be NH 2-sense and/or be the reaction of NH-functional components and remaining isocyanate groups.Before disperseing, in the dispersion process, this increases chain/chain termination reaction and can carry out in solvent, perhaps after disperseing, carries out in water.Increased chain reaction before preferably in being dispersed in water.
I.5 use meets) definition, have a NH 2When the compound of group or NH group increases chain reaction, preferably before scatter operation, prepolymer is increased chain reaction.
The equivalence ratio that increases between the free NCO group that the chain degree just is used to increase the NCO active group of compound of chain and prepolymer multiply by 100% again, and its value is 40%-150%, is preferably 50%-120%, more preferably 60%-120%.
Amine component [I.3), I.4), I.5)] can be randomly be used for the inventive method with the form of water-reducible or solvent cut, can use separately or use as mixture, and any order of addition(of ingredients) can.
If water or organic solvent are as thinner, then amount of diluent is preferably 70 weight % to 95 weight %.
After chainpropagation, prepare the PU dispersion by prepolymer.In order to reach this purpose, under strong shearing condition (for example vigorous stirring), dissolving and polyether polyols with reduced unsaturation that chainpropagation taken place are introduced in the water that disperses usefulness, perhaps opposite, under agitation condition, will disperse in the water introducing pre-polymer solution of usefulness.Preferably water is introduced in the dissolved prepolymer.
Subsequently, generally remove the solvent that still is present in after the dispersion steps in the dispersion by distillation.Can also in the dispersive process, remove these solvents.
The solids content of PU dispersion is 20 weight %-70 weight %, be preferably 30 weight %-65 weight %.
PU dispersion of the present invention can comprise antioxidant and/or photostabilizer and/or other auxiliarys and additive, for example emulsifying agent, defoamer, thickening material.At last, can also there be filler, softening agent, pigment, carbon black colloidal sol and silicon sol, aluminium dispersion, clay dispersion and asbestos dispersion, flow control agent or thixotropic agent.According to the required character and the desired use of PU dispersion of the present invention, can contain in the finished product and account for gross dry weight and be up to these fillers of 70%.
The present invention also provides the coating that comprises polyurethane-polyurea dispersions of the present invention.
The present invention also provides polyurethane-polyurea dispersions of the present invention to prepare the purposes of coated substrate as coating.
Polyurethane-polyurea dispersions of the present invention also is suitable for preparing gluing system or adhesive composition.
The example of suitable substrate comprises woven and nonwoven fabric, leather, paper, stiff fibre, straw, paper sample material, timber, glass, various plastics, pottery, stone material, concrete, pitch, porcelain, metal, glass fibre or carbon fiber.Preferred substrate is a flexible substrate, and for example fabric, leather, plastics, metal base and glass fibre or carbon fiber particularly preferably are fabric and leather.
The present invention also provides the coating substrates coated of involved polyurethane-polyurea dispersions of the present invention.
PU dispersion of the present invention is to stablize, can store and transportable, can process in any time subsequently.PU dispersion of the present invention can solidified under 120-150 ℃ the lesser temps, in 2-3 minute, forms the coating with splendid green bond.
Because PU dispersion of the present invention combines splendid tensility and high tensile strength, thus be particularly suitable for being applied to fabric coating and leather coating field, even under hydrolysising condition.
Embodiment
The raw material that uses
Figure BPA00001268241300101
Embodiment 1
The mixture of 279.2 gram Desmophen C-2200 and 14.9 gram polyethers LB 25 is mixed at 70C with 35.6 gram Desmodur I and 26.9 gram Desmodur H, be heated to 105C, and, remain on 4.13% (theoretical value is 4.18%) up to nco value in the 105C stirring.At 105C,, stirred 20 minutes with 631.7 gram acetone solution prepolymers.At 42C, in 6 minutes, add the mixture of 1.1 gram hydrazine hydrates, 6.8 gram diamino sulfonic acid salt and 25 gram water, stirred 10 minutes.At 40C, in 15 minutes, add the mixture of 12.7 gram IPDA and 63.6 gram water, stirred 10 minutes.At 40C, in 15 minutes, add 278.6 gram water, mixed 5 minutes, add 2.8 gram Irganox 1010 and 2.8 gram Tinuvin 765 then.This mixture was mixed 10 minutes, distill acetone then.Final dispersion is filtered by 50 micron filters.
Obtain having the dispersion of following feature: solids content is 52.8% (Mai Tele moisture analyser (Mettler moisture Analyzer) HR 73, method 14-007), viscosity at 23C is 120cps (Bu Shi type (Brookfield model) RVT, axle #3,100rpm, method 15-003), pH is 7.6 (Fei Xier type (Fisher model) AB-15, method 14-003), mean particle size is 0.604 micron (He Ruiba particle-size analyzer (Horiba particle size Analyzer), model LA-910, method 04-003).
Comparative Examples 1
Negatively charged ion aliphatic series C4 polyether polycarbonate polyurethane dispersions, solids content is 60%, has following physical properties: modulus=350psi of 100%, tensile strength=3500psi, the viscosity of 23C (4 millimeters cups, according to AFAM 2008/105,0304-00D method)＜90 seconds, Impranil DLU (the Bayer Materialscience AG of Leverkusen (Bayer AG, Leverkusen)) for example.
Comparative Examples 2
Negatively charged ion aliphatic polyester polyurethane dispersion, solids content is 40%, has following physical properties: modulus=300psi of 100%, tensile strength=2900psi, viscosity (4 millimeters cups at 23C, according to AFAM 2008/105,0304-00D method)＜70 seconds, Impranil DLN (Bayer Materialscience AG of Leverkusen) for example.
Physical testing
Character Embodiment 1 DLU DLN
LP500001 LP70006
Stretch Initially ?5009 4070 2688
Intensity, psi 1 all HS ?6203 4070 408
2 all HS ?4992 3854 192
1 all 125C ?3491 4535 Do not have
Elongation, % Initially ?351 482 648
1 all HS ?384 483 647
2 all HS ?366 485 92
1 all 125C ?508 544 Do not have
100% modulus Initially ?443 440 416
1 all HS ?478 440 248
2 all HS ?446 401 Do not have
1 all 125C ?300 370 Do not have
Yellowness index 1 week ?7.5 59.9 27.1
At 125C (3 days)
Test result
Can draw such conclusion according to the result shown in the last table: compare with Impranil DLN with dispersion that is purchased such as Impranil DLU, have improved stability to hydrolysis and tint retention (on the nylon-type fabric) based on the dispersion of 100% polycarbonate.Use the Impranil DLU of C4 polyether polycarbonate glycol preparation to show splendid stability to hydrolysis, but on the nylon-type fabric, show relatively poor tint retention.Use the Impranil DLN of polyester glycol preparation to have relatively poor stability to hydrolysis and relatively poor tint retention.
Though in the preamble for for the purpose of illustrating, the present invention is described in detail, should understand, these write up only is in order to illustrate, under situation without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make amendment to it, and the present invention only is defined by the claims.

Claims (7)

1. aqueous polyurethane-polyurea dispersions that comprises following synthetic component:
I.1) one or more polyisocyanates,
I.2) one or more polycarbonate polyols, its number-average molecular weight are 1000-3000 gram/mole, and hydroxyl value is a 18-56 milligram KOH/ gram, and the OH functionality is 1.8-2.2,
I.3) one or more molecular weight are 62-400 gram/mole and have two or more hydroxyls altogether and/or amino compound,
I.4) Ren Xuan one or more have hydroxyl or amino compound,
I.5) one or more have the ion or the potential ionic hydrophilic compound of isocyanate-reactive, and
I.6) Ren Xuan one or more have the non-ionic hydrophilized compound of isocyanate-reactive,
Wherein, be benchmark in the gross weight of synthesizing component, this dispersion comprises the component I .2 of 60 weight %-90 weight %); Prerequisite is that this polycarbonate polyol is not based on poly-(1, the 4-butyleneglycol) polyvalent alcohol.
2. aqueous polyurethane-polyurea dispersions as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described dispersion comprises the component I .1 of 5 weight %-40 weight %), the component I .2 of totally 60 weight %-90 weight %), the component I .3 of totally 0.5 weight %-20 weight %) and I.4), the component I .5 of 0.1 weight %-5 weight %), the component I .6 of 0-20 weight %), component I .5 wherein) and I.6 summation) is 0.1 weight %-25 weight %, and the summation of all components equals 100 weight %.
3. method for preparing aqueous polyurethane-polyurea dispersions as claimed in claim 1, it comprises:
A) make following component reaction:
I.1) one or more polyisocyanates,
I.2) one or more polycarbonate polyols, its number-average molecular weight are 1000-3000 gram/mole, and hydroxyl value is a 18-56 milligram KOH/ gram, and the OH functionality is 1.8-2.2,
I.3) one or more molecular weight are 62-400 gram/mole and have two or more hydroxyls altogether and/or amino compound,
I.4) Ren Xuan one or more have hydroxyl or amino compound,
I.5) one or more have the ion or the potential ionic hydrophilic compound of isocyanate-reactive,
I.6) Ren Xuan one or more have the non-ionic hydrophilized compound of isocyanate-reactive,
Make the isocyanate-functional prepolymer of no urea groups, the mol ratio of isocyanate group and isocyanate reactive group is 1.0-3.5;
B) this reaction product is dispersed in the water; And
C) before in being dispersed in water, during or afterwards, remaining isocyanate group is carried out amino-functional increase chain reaction or chain termination reaction, the equivalence ratio that wherein is used to increase between the free isocyanate groups of the isocyanate reactive group of compound of chain and prepolymer is 40%-150%.
4. the coating that comprises polyurethane-polyurea dispersions as claimed in claim 1.
5. method for preparing coated substrate, this method comprises on the coating paint base material as claimed in claim 4.
6. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that described base material is selected from fabric and leather.
7. be coated with the base material of coating as claimed in claim 4.
CN200980120901.1A 2008-05-30 2009-05-27 Polyurethane-polyurea dispersions based on polycarbonate-polyols Pending CN102046683A (en)

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CN107108830A (en) * 2014-12-26 2017-08-29 旭化成株式会社 Polyisocyantates composition and its manufacture method, blocked polyisocyanates composition and its manufacture method, resin combination and solidfied material
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