CN102039346A - Opposite teeth extruding type fine-blanking die and fine-blanking method adopting same - Google Patents

Abstract

The opposed tooth extrusion type fine blanking die and the fine blanking method using the die are provided with opposing tooth plates and convex and concave dies on the upper side of the axial joint surface of the die, and provided with The toothed die and the reverse top plate, the opposite tooth plate and the toothed die are respectively provided with a raised ring gear, the cross section of the ring gear is a triangular tooth shape, and the contact line between the ring gear and the blank is respectively located outside the contour of the workpiece on the blank , and surround the outline of the workpiece. When blanking the workpiece, the upper and lower ring gears are respectively pressed into the workpiece to prevent the blank material from flowing in the horizontal direction, and the blank material is extruded in the early stage to form a strong three-dimensional compressive stress inside the blank material, reducing the In the small blanking process, the area where the blank material generates tensile stress avoids cracks and eliminates sharp edges and burrs on the workpiece. By adopting the opposed-tooth extruding fine-blanking die and the fine-blanking method using the die of the present invention, general-purpose punching equipment can be used to manufacture fine-blanking workpieces with good quality and high precision, and the development of the fine-blanking industry is promoted.

Description

Counter-tooth extrusion type fine-blanking die and fine-blanking method using the die

technical field

The invention relates to a fine-blanking die, in particular to an opposed-tooth extruding fine-blanking die and a fine-blanking method using the die.

Background technique

Fine blanking is to directly punch out parts with good cross-section quality and high dimensional accuracy on the sheet metal by using a mold with a special structure. It is suitable for the production of large quantities of high-precision plate-shaped parts. It is currently used in clocks, cameras, precision instruments, household appliances and other industries. , has been widely used. In the usual fine blanking process, the ring gear is used to press the fine blanking die with strong edge pressing. In the fine blanking process, the ring gear with a triangular tooth cross section is first pressed into the blank, and the mechanical blocking effect of the ring gear and the friction between the blank material and the die are used. force to prevent the blank material from flowing in the horizontal direction, so that the blank material is in a three-dimensional compressive stress state, and realize the punching and separation of the blank material without tensile cracks in the material, so as to obtain punched parts with good cross-section quality and high dimensional accuracy . The current ring gear strong edge blanking die only sets the ring gear platen on one side of the mold to prevent the horizontal flow of the blank material, and on the other side only uses the friction between the die and the blank to prevent the horizontal flow of the blank material. Due to the limited friction, so The blank material cannot produce a sufficiently large three-dimensional compressive stress in the stamping deformation zone, so the section quality and dimensional accuracy of the blanked parts produced are limited, especially this process cannot be adapted to the punching of plates with a thickness of more than 10 mm, and is not suitable for punching High-strength and low-plastic materials with a strength limit above 600 MPa, such as carbon 10 steel, can only punch plates with a thickness of no more than 3 mm. It is processed by cutting, or the method of carburizing and heat treatment after punching and forming of low-carbon materials, but the cost of cutting is high and the cycle is long. The method of carburizing and heat treatment after punching and forming of low-carbon materials is not only complicated in process, The cost is high, and the deformation caused by heat treatment will significantly reduce the dimensional accuracy of the parts. Therefore, the current fine blanking die for strong edge blanking of ring gear cannot meet the development needs of the fine blanking industry.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problem that the fine blanking die of the ring gear strong blanking die is not suitable for the fine blanking processing of thick plates and high strength and low plasticity plates, the present invention proposes a fine blanking die of opposed tooth extrusion type and a fine blanking method using the die , in the fine blanking process, the three-dimensional compressive stress in the stamping deformation zone is increased, and the problem of fine blanking processing of thick plates and high-strength, low-plastic plates is solved. The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

The opposed tooth extrusion type fine blanking die includes the opposed tooth plate, on the upper side of the axial joint surface of the mold, there are opposed tooth plate convex and concave dies and the opposed teeth arranged around the convex and concave dies and slidingly fitted with the convex and concave dies Plate, on the lower side of the axial joint surface of the mold, there are correspondingly provided with an anti-top plate and a toothed die that is arranged around the anti-top plate and is slidably matched with the anti-top plate. surface, and are respectively provided with a raised tooth plate ring gear and a toothed die ring gear. The contact lines of the two ring gears and the blank are respectively located outside the contour of the workpiece on the blank, and surround the contour of the workpiece, and the opposing teeth The tooth tips of the plate ring gear and the toothed die ring gear are opposite to each other, and the end faces of the convex and concave dies and the reverse top plate in contact with the workpiece are arranged opposite to each other.

The contact line is the punching cut of the workpiece on the blank; the two ring gears have the same shape and size and are symmetrical with respect to the axial joint surface of the die.

The center of the reverse top plate is a through hole, which is equipped with a shaft-shaped punch that slides with the reverse top plate. The position and diameter of the punch are adapted to the position and diameter of the hole on the workpiece. The center of the punch and concave die is a through hole. , forming a through-hole-shaped die, and the position and size of the die are compatible with the punch.

The concave mold is provided with an anti-jack mandrel, and the anti-jack mandrel is slidably connected with the concave mold.

The cross-sections of the two ring gears in various setting schemes are triangular tooth shapes.

The fine blanking method of the opposed tooth extrusion type fine blanking die, the opposed tooth plate and the toothed die squeeze the blank to a certain extent in advance, and then the convex and concave dies move downward to perform the fine blanking process.

To a certain extent, it means that the outer ring of the rough blank is extruded to plastic failure in advance, and coupled with the effect of the opposing teeth, the material can hardly flow laterally when the die and the punch and die move downward.

The technical effect that the present invention can obtain by adopting above-mentioned technical scheme is:

On the upper side of the axial joint surface of the mold, there are convex and concave molds and opposing tooth plates that surround the convex and concave molds and are slidably connected. Toothed die, facing the surface of the toothed plate and the toothed die, are respectively provided with a raised facing toothed plate ring gear and a toothed die ring gear, the opposing tooth plate ring gear and the toothed die ring gear The tooth tips are opposite, and can be pressed into the upper and lower sides of the blank through the facing tooth plate ring gear and the toothed die ring gear during the stamping process, so as to prevent the blank material in the ring gear from being squeezed by the upper and lower dies. It flows out of the range of the ring gear in the horizontal direction, so as to ensure that in the case of the relative extrusion of the opposing tooth plate, the convex and concave die, the toothed die, and the reverse top plate, and the blocking of the opposing tooth plate ring gear and the toothed die ring gear, The blank material in the ring gear produces a large three-dimensional compressive stress inside. Under the action of the strong three-dimensional compressive stress, the blank material in the extrusion area will inevitably produce plastic flow, which makes the value of the three-dimensional compressive stress tend to be Consistent, so that the blank material in the extrusion area is in a state of hydrostatic pressure, and has the largest range of plastic deformation. Most importantly, in the process of fine blanking, the blank can be pre-extruded by opposing tooth plates and toothed dies To a certain extent, the punch and die move downwards to ensure a strong three-dimensional compressive stress state in the deformation zone, so that even if the blank is relatively thick or the material has poor plasticity, high-quality products can be fine punched. When the blank material within the extrusion range is under hydrostatic pressure, the blank material within the contour range of the workpiece is punched out of the blank to complete the fine blanking of the workpiece, which can limit the area where the blank material produces tensile stress to the minimum at the punching incision Within the range, so as to avoid cracks on the cross-sectional surface of the blank due to tensile stress, which will affect the cross-sectional quality and dimensional accuracy of the workpiece.

There is a shaft-shaped punch with a sliding fit inside the reverse top plate. The position and size of the punch are adapted to the position and size of the hole on the workpiece. There is a through-hole-shaped die in the punch and die. , adapted to the position of the punch, the hole can be punched within the scope of the workpiece. The punch and the die work together to extrude and shear the blank material within the contour range of the workpiece. When the blank material within the contour range of the workpiece still bears the compressive stress in the three-dimensional direction, the blank material within the contour range of the hole on the workpiece is The blank material is punched out of the workpiece, which can reduce the possibility of cracks on the hole wall and improve the section quality and dimensional accuracy of the hole.

There is an anti-jacking mandrel in the die. When the punch and the die punch the blank material within the contour range of the hole on the workpiece from the workpiece, the end face of the anti-jacking mandrel always squeezes the blank within the contour range of the hole. On the upper surface of the material, when the blank material within the contour range of the hole is subjected to strong and stable three-dimensional compressive stress, the blank material within the contour range of the hole on the workpiece is punched out of the workpiece to avoid cracks on the hole wall. Maximize hole profile quality and dimensional accuracy.

By adopting the opposed-tooth extrusion type fine-blanking die and the fine-blanking method using the die of the present invention, general-purpose punching equipment can be used to manufacture fine-blanking workpieces with good cross-section quality and high dimensional accuracy, thereby promoting the development of the fine-blanking industry.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the structure schematic diagram before the start of the fine blanking process of the opposed tooth extruding type fine blanking die without anti-jacking mandrel of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 2 is the structure schematic diagram before the start of the fine blanking process of the opposed-tooth extrusion type fine blanking die with the reverse ejector mandrel of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 3 is the structure diagram at the end of the first stage of the fine-blanking process of the opposed-tooth extrusion type fine-blanking die of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 4 is the structural schematic view at the end of the second stage of the fine-blanking process of the opposed-tooth extrusion type fine-blanking die of the present invention.

The meanings of the markings in the attached drawings are as follows:

1-opposite tooth plate, 11-opposite tooth plate ring gear, 2-convex and concave die, 21-concave die, 3-hole core waste, 4-outer ring waste, 5-workpiece, 51-circular slump, 6- punch, 7- toothed die, 71- toothed die ring gear, 8- reverse top plate, 9- reverse top mandrel, 10- blank.

Detailed ways

The structure of the opposed tooth extrusion type fine blanking die of the present invention is shown in Figure 1. On the upper side of the axial joint surface of the die, a slidingly fitted opposed tooth plate 1 and a convex and concave die 2 are provided. The opposed tooth plate 1 is set around the convex and concave die 2, and on the lower side of the axial joint surface of the mold, there is a toothed die 7 and an anti-top plate 8 for sliding fit. The toothed die 7 is respectively facing the two surfaces of the blank 10, and is respectively provided with a protruding opposite toothed plate ring gear 11 and a toothed die ring gear 71 to form a pair of facing teeth, and the sections of the two ring gears are uniform. It is a triangular tooth shape, the tooth tips of the triangular tooth shape are respectively facing the two surfaces of the blank 10, and the contact lines between the two ring gears and the blank 10 are respectively located outside the contour of the workpiece 5 on the blank 10, and surround the contour of the workpiece 5, preferably tightly Paste the contour of the workpiece 5, the shape and size of the opposite tooth plate ring gear 11 and the toothed die ring gear 71 are the same and symmetrical with respect to the axial joint surface of the mould, and the opposite tooth plate ring gear 11 and the toothed die ring gear The tooth tips of the ring gear 71 are opposite, the shape and size of the end surface of the convex and concave die 2 and the reverse top plate 8 in contact with the blank 10 are adapted to the shape and size of the contour of the workpiece 5, and the end surface of the convex and concave mold 2 and the reverse top plate 8 in contact with the workpiece 5 Relatively arranged, the opposite tooth plate 1 is slidably matched with the convex and concave die 2, and the toothed die 7 is slidably fitted with the anti-top plate 8. When processing the workpiece 5 with a hole, a through hole is provided in the reverse top plate 8, and a shaft-shaped punch 6 that is slidingly fitted with the inner surface of the reverse top plate 8 is added in the through hole. Compatible, the shape and size of the punch 6 cross-sections are compatible with the shape and size of the contour of the hole on the workpiece 5, a hole-shaped die 21 is added in the punch and die 2, and the position of the die 21 is consistent with the shape of the punch 6. The position is adapted, and the shape and size of the section of the die 21 are adapted to the shape and size of the section of the punch 6 . The fine blanking process of workpiece 5 is divided into 3 stages:

In the first stage, the blank 10 is placed in the working area of the mold, the relative positions of the facing tooth plate 1 and the punch and die 2 are fixed and moved downward, and the facing tooth plate ring gear 11 and the toothed die ring gear 71 are placed on the blank 10 The outside of the workpiece contour, contact and press into the surface of the blank 10, until the ring gear is completely pressed into the blank, the blank material within the range of the ring gear is pressed into the blank's opposite tooth plate ring gear 11 and toothed die ring gear 71 Due to the restriction, the ability to flow out of the range of the ring gear in the horizontal direction is lost, and the facing tooth plate 1 continues to move down until the distance between the facing tooth plate 1 and the toothed die 7 is less than the thickness of the blank 10, and the punch and die 2 and the reverse The top plate 8 retreats relative to the blank 10 to leave a space between the facing tooth plate 1 and the convex and concave die 2, and between the toothed die 7 and the reverse top plate 8, and the blank material within the range of the ring gear is controlled by the facing tooth plate 1 and the extrusion of the toothed die 7 produces plastic deformation under the condition of bearing compressive stress in three-dimensional directions. During the process, part of the blank material and the inner surface of the opposing tooth plate 1 and the inner surface of the toothed die 7 generate a large frictional force due to contact and sliding. The inner surface of the tooth die 7 is in contact with the blank material on the surface layer, and the speed of entering the reserved space is slowed down, so that the edges of the two end surfaces of the workpiece 5 form arc-shaped sags 51 . The outer ring of the blank is extruded to plastic failure in advance, coupled with the action of the opposing teeth, the outer ring of the blank completely loses its radial flow ability, so that when the punch and die move downward, the blank can hardly flow laterally, which is to achieve a strong three-dimensional deformation in the deformation zone. Conditions are created for the state of compressive stress.

In the second stage, the opposite tooth plate 1 keeps the same position at the end of the first stage, the punch and die 2 press the blank 10 downward, and at the same time push the anti-top plate 8 to move downward through the blank material, the punch and concave die 2, the toothed die 7 and the anti-top plate 8 work together to extrude and shear the blank material within the range of the ring gear. Under the condition that the blank material within the range of the ring gear still bears the compressive stress in the three-dimensional direction, the blank material within the contour range of the workpiece 5 The blank 10 is punched out, and the fine blanking of the workpiece 5 is completed. When processing the workpiece 5 with a hole, the punch 6 and the die 21 work together to extrude and shear the blank material within the contour range of the workpiece 5, and the blank material within the contour range of the workpiece 5 still bears the compressive stress in the three-dimensional direction. In this case, the hole core waste 3 within the contour range of the hole on the workpiece 5 is punched out of the workpiece 5 to complete the fine punching of the hole on the workpiece 5 .

In the third stage, the opposite tooth plate 1 and the convex and concave die 2 are raised to open the mold, and the reverse top plate 8 pushes the workpiece 5 out, and the workpiece 5 is taken out to complete the fine blanking work.

In order to improve the cross-sectional quality and dimensional accuracy of the hole wall on the workpiece 5, an anti-jack mandrel 9 can be added in the die 21, and the structure is as shown in accompanying drawing 2. The shape and size of the section are suitable. In the second stage of the fine blanking process, when the punch 6 and the die 21 punch the blank material within the contour range of the hole on the workpiece 5 from the workpiece 5, the mandrel is reversed. The end face of 9 always squeezes the upper surface of the blank material within the contour range of the hole, and when the blank material within the contour range of the hole bears a stable three-dimensional compressive stress, the blank material within the contour range of the hole on the workpiece 5 is punched Cut off the workpiece and complete the fine blanking of the hole on the workpiece.

The present invention adopts the opposing tooth extruding type fine-blanking die that is provided with shaft-shaped punch 6 and reverse top mandrel 9, and the structural representation of the stamping process when stamping the workpiece 5 with holes is shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4. Show.

The opposed-tooth extrusion fine-blanking die of the present invention and the fine-blanking method using the die are not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and any technical solutions formed by utilizing the principle and structure of the present invention through transformation and substitution are all applicable. Within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The opposed tooth extrusion type fine blanking die, including the opposed tooth plate, is characterized in that: on the upper side of the axial joint surface of the mold, there are convex and concave dies for the opposed tooth plate and surrounding concave and convex dies, and are connected with the concave and convex dies. Slidingly fitted opposing tooth plates, on the lower side of the axial joint surface of the mold, there are correspondingly provided with an anti-top plate and a toothed die set around the anti-top plate and slidingly fitted with the anti-top plate, the opposite tooth plate and the toothed concave die They face the two surfaces of the blank respectively, and are respectively provided with a protruding tooth plate ring gear and a toothed die ring gear. The contact lines of the two ring gears and the blank are respectively located outside the contour of the workpiece on the blank, and surround the workpiece. Contour, and the tooth tips of the tooth plate ring gear and the toothed die ring gear are opposite, and the end faces of the convex and concave dies and the anti-top plate in contact with the workpiece are oppositely arranged. 2. The opposed-tooth extrusion fine-blanking die according to claim 1, characterized in that: the contact line is the punching incision of the workpiece on the blank; the two ring gears have the same shape and size and are opposite to the die The axial joint plane is symmetrical. 3. The opposed-tooth extrusion fine-blanking die according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the center of the anti-top plate is a through hole, and there is a shaft-shaped punch that is slidably matched with the anti-top plate. The position and diameter of the die are adapted to the position and diameter of the hole on the workpiece. The center of the punch and die is a through hole, forming a through hole-shaped die. The position and size of the die are adapted to the punch. 4. The opposed-tooth extrusion fine-blanking die according to claim 3, characterized in that: the concave die is provided with a counter-jacking mandrel, and the counter-jacking mandrel is slidably connected with the concave die. 5. The opposed tooth extrusion type fine blanking die according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cross-sections of the two ring gears are both triangular tooth shapes. 6. The opposed tooth extrusion type fine blanking die according to claim 3, characterized in that the cross-sections of the two ring gears are triangular tooth shapes. 7. The opposed tooth extrusion type fine blanking die according to claim 4, characterized in that the cross-sections of the two ring gears are triangular tooth shapes. 8. The fine blanking method of the opposed tooth extrusion type fine blanking die according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: the opposed tooth plate and the toothed die press the blank to a certain extent in advance, and the convex and concave The die then moves downwards for the fine blanking process. 9. The fine blanking method according to claim 8, characterized in that: said certain degree means that the outer ring of the rough blank is extruded to plastic failure in advance, coupled with the effect of the opposing teeth, so that when the die and the convex and concave dies are downward Material can hardly flow laterally while in motion.

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