CN102039304B - Electricity generating method of kitchen garbage by means of anaerobic fermentation - Google Patents
Electricity generating method of kitchen garbage by means of anaerobic fermentation Download PDFInfo
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention provides an electricity generating method of kitchen garbage by means of anaerobic fermentation, which leastways comprises the steps: (1) sorting: sorting the collected kitchen garbage to obtain the recyclable kitchen garbage; (2) pressing: pressing the recyclable kitchen garbage, and separating the recyclable kitchen garbage to be a solid phase part and a liquid phase part; (3) performing anaerobic fermentation: removing the impurity of the solid phase part and hydrating the solid phase part, and combining the treated solid phase part with the liquid phase part to perform the anaerobic fermentation; and (4) generating the electricity: obtaining the methane by the anaerobic fermentation, generating the electricity with methane to obtain electric energy. The whole fermentation process is fast, efficient and stable, so that the time of the natural anaerobic fermentation is reduced by dozens of times, and the methane yield is greatly improved, even the methane yield reaches 3.0-4.0m<3>/m<3> of a reaction tank. d; and the whole flow path is more reasonable and practical, and is high in economic benefit, so that the electricity generating method has an important reality meaning for the modern society which has an increasingly insufficient energy sources problem.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of changing food waste processing method, be specifically related to the method that the changing food waste producing methane through anaerobic fermentation generates electricity.
Background technology
Changing food waste is the main source of organic phase in the domestic waste.According to incompletely statistics, the changing food waste of about 5,000 ten thousand t of the at present annual generation of China.Changing food waste is take organic substances such as protein, starch based, food fiber class, animal tallow classes as main component, it is the potential resource of the energy and fertilizer, have the characteristics such as high-moisture, high grease, high salinity and perishable smelly, easily biological-degradable, if deal with improperly, huge environmental pollution and the wasting of resources will be caused.
China's food wastes handling rate is about 60% at present, and the ratio that really reaches harmless treatment and the utilization of resources is then very low.A large amount of food wastes employing air storages or simple and easy landfill are disposed even are directly fed pigs, and also have some directly to be entered sewer, and environment is caused significant damage.For a long time, the mode that the food wastes of China mainly all adopts mixed collection and mixes stacking or landfill, the environmental pollution that changing food waste is produced lacks enough understanding and necessary attention, and its adverse consequences manifests just gradually.Be summed up, be mainly manifested in following aspects:
(1) life waste oil turns back on the dining table, serious harm human body healthy;
(2) swill is unprocessed, and bacterium, virus are easily bred, and the quality of the pork that swill is fed can't guarantee, very easily virus spread;
(3) a large amount of changing food wastes enter landfill yard or directly stack, and water body, soil and atmosphere are caused very large long-term pollution;
(4) changing food waste moisture is high, calorific value is low, burns high expensive, and generating efficiency is lower, and the pollution control difficulty strengthens, and it is larger to promote difficulty.
Have for changing food waste that high concentration debirs intractability is large, handling rate is low, the present situation that contains high-enriched organics in the low and sewage of utilization rate, ecology and resource are combined, the research anaerobic fermentation is removed organic pollution and is reclaimed simultaneously biomass energy (biogas), and this now society for energy growing tension has important practical significance.
Domestic anaerobic fermentation technology also is just to begin again to have large development in nearest more than 30 years.Mainly still concentrate on the fields such as sludge digestion, ight soil processing, high concentrated organic wastewater processing, application anaerobic methane production gas and recycling then also are in the starting stage in the garbage disposal industry.Although it is a kind of conventional art of maturation that Anaerobic Treatment is used for sludge digestion, but the composition of catering organic waste labile organic compound is different from mud, its content of organics is high, wherein the grade catabolism of material and fermentation condition etc. of protein, fat, salt all are different from sludge digestion, and the kind of its microorganism, growth rhythm, flora relation etc. are still waiting further investigation.Especially China's urban catering debirs labile organic compound must be researched and developed the applicability of this technology.In the perfect situation of basic research, excellent species is cultivated in screening, improves the efficient of anaerobic fermentation, also is a new problem.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of method of kitchen garbage by means of anaerobic fermentation generating, and its technique is reasonable, and is high to the catering organic waste utilization rate.
The technical scheme of technical solution problem of the present invention is such: a kind of method of kitchen garbage by means of anaerobic fermentation generating, and its step includes at least:
(1) separation step sorts the changing food waste of collecting, and acquisition can utilize the changing food waste of part;
(2) squeezing step can utilize the changing food waste of part to squeeze, and be separated into solid phase part and liquid phase part;
(3) anaerobic fermentation step, solid phase are converged with liquid phase part after partly carrying out the impurity elimination hydration process, carry out anaerobic fermentation;
(4) generation steps obtains biogas through anaerobic fermentation, goes generating to obtain electric energy.
Further improve, described liquid phase part passed through first centrifugal treating before converging, isolate grease.
As improvement, described impurity elimination hydration process is after solid phase is partly isolated the assorted material that is not easy aquation, to carry out boiling, and under control temperature 50 ~ 80 degree scopes, moisture content is hydrolyzed in 60-80% (quality) scope.
Preferably, formed oil content≤0.2 ‰ (quality) after described liquid phase part and solid phase are partly converged, pH is 3.5-4.0, COD 80-120kgCOD/m
3Underflow.
Further improve, the bacterial classification that described anaerobic fermentation step adopts is that anaerobic sludge forms through domestication, after the sludge seeding domestication, forms acidproof (pH3.5-4.0), salt tolerant (Cl
-＜3500mg/L), the anti-ammonia nitrogen (anaerobic sludge of ammonia nitrogen＜2000mg/L).
At last, described its technological parameter of anaerobic fermentation step: Gas Stirring; Fermentation temperature 32-39 ℃; Carbon-nitrogen ratio 16-25; Charging pH3.5-4.0,80-120kgCOD/m
3Oxidation-reduction potential-180～-350mV.
And further, described anaerobic fermentation step adopts up flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB) to finish.
The natural pond slag is removed moisture content and salt through the filter press drying and other treatment, as fertilizer.Waste water processes through film and nano material is filtered, and makes water quality PH6-9, SS≤70mg/L, CODcr≤100mg/L, BOD5≤20mg/L.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: changing food waste destroys long-chain shape or the network structure of raw material through mechanical disintegration, through water-oil separating, isolate the grease with certain economic value, pass through again hydration process, the complicated organic structure of raw material changed into be easy to biodegradable small-molecule substance, the bacterial classification of inoculation anaerobic sludge domestication, adopt up flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor, thereby make whole sweat quick, efficiently, the carrying out of stable state, can make the time of nature anaerobic fermentation reduce by tens times, increase substantially and obtain biogas output, even reach 3.0-4.0m
3/ m
3Retort d; Whole flow process is more reasonable and practical, and economic benefit is high, has important practical significance for the now society of energy growing tension.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is overall flow figure of the present invention;
The specific embodiment
Embodiment is described in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As schematically shown in Figure 1, a kind of method of kitchen garbage by means of anaerobic fermentation generating, its step includes at least:
(1) separation step sorts the changing food waste of collecting, and acquisition can utilize the changing food waste of part;
(2) squeezing step can utilize the changing food waste of part to squeeze, and be separated into solid phase part and liquid phase part;
(2.1) separating treatment step, liquid phase part were passed through first centrifugal treating before converging, isolate grease;
(2.2) the impurity elimination hydration process is after solid phase is partly isolated the assorted material that is not easy aquation, to carry out boiling, and under control temperature 50～80 degree scopes, moisture content is hydrolyzed in 60-80% (quality) scope;
(3) anaerobic fermentation step, solid phase are converged with liquid phase part after partly carrying out the impurity elimination hydration process, have formed oil content≤0.2 ‰ (quality) after liquid phase part and solid phase are partly converged, pH is 3.5-4.0, COD 80-120kgCOD/m
3Underflow; Then carry out anaerobic fermentation; The bacterial classification that adopts in the anaerobic fermentation step is through the anaerobic sludge domestication, after the sludge seeding domestication, forms acidproof (pH3.5-4.0), salt tolerant (Cl
-＜3500mg/L), the anti-ammonia nitrogen (anaerobic sludge of ammonia nitrogen＜2000mg/L); The anaerobic fermentation step adopts Gas Stirring, and each process parameter control is: fermentation temperature 32-39 ℃, and carbon-nitrogen ratio 16-25, charging pH3.5-4.0,80-120kgCOD/m
3, oxidation-reduction potential-180～-350mV; Anaerobic fermentation adopts up flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB) to finish.
(4) generation steps obtains biogas through anaerobic fermentation, except behind the water vapour, obtains electric energy by the biogas generator generating through desulfurization.
(5) environmental protection treatment step, the anaerobic fermentation step obtains the natural pond slag, removes moisture content and salt through the filter press drying and other treatment, as fertilizer; And the anaerobic fermentation step obtains waste water, process and the nano material filtration through film, make water quality PH6-9, SS≤70mg/L, CODcr≤100mg/L, BOD5≤20mg/L, after reaching " integrated wastewater discharge standard " primary standard requiring in (GB8978-1996), discharge again, waste gas carries out the filtration and adsorption treatment of deodorizing, makes its discharging reach standard GB16297-1996.
Claims (7)
1. the method for kitchen garbage by means of anaerobic fermentation generating, its step includes at least:
(1) separation step sorts the changing food waste of collecting, and acquisition can utilize the changing food waste of part;
(2) squeezing step can utilize the changing food waste of part to squeeze, and be separated into solid phase part and liquid phase part; Described liquid phase part passed through first centrifugal treating before converging, isolate grease;
(3) anaerobic fermentation step, solid phase are converged with liquid phase part after partly carrying out the impurity elimination hydration process, carry out anaerobic fermentation; Described impurity elimination hydration process is after solid phase is partly isolated the assorted material that is not easy aquation, to carry out boiling, and under control temperature 50～80 degree scopes, moisture content is hydrolyzed in 60-80% (quality) scope;
(4) generation steps obtains biogas through anaerobic fermentation, and generating obtains electric energy.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: formed oil content≤0.2 ‰ (quality) after described liquid phase part and solid phase are partly converged, pH is 3.5-4.0, COD 80-120kgCOD/m
3Underflow.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the bacterial classification that described anaerobic fermentation step adopts is to tame through anaerobic sludge, after the sludge seeding domestication, form the anaerobic sludge of acidproof pH3.5-4.0, salt tolerant Cl-＜3500mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen of anti-ammonia nitrogen the＜2000mg/L.
4. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described its technological parameter of anaerobic fermentation step: Gas Stirring; Fermentation temperature 32-39 ℃; Carbon-nitrogen ratio 16-25; Charging pH3.5-4.0,80-120kgCOD/m
3Oxidation-reduction potential-180～-350mV.
5. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described anaerobic fermentation step adopts up flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor UASB to finish.
6. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described anaerobic fermentation step obtains the natural pond slag, removes moisture content and salt through the filter press drying and other treatment, as fertilizer.
7. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described anaerobic fermentation step obtains waste water, processes and the nano material filtration through film, makes water quality PH6-9, SS≤70mg/L, CODcr≤100mg/L, BOD5≤20mg/L.
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102744242A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2012-10-24 | 安阳艾尔旺新能源环境有限公司 | Disposal process of kitchen garbage |
| CN102873080A (en) * | 2012-10-08 | 2013-01-16 | 上海电力学院 | Kitchen food waste centralized treatment system |
| CN103706620A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-09 | 吴孔根 | Reduction technical improvement upgrading technology for urban and rural refuse transfer station |
| CN105524945A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-04-27 | 江南大学 | A method of improving ammonia nitrogen tolerance in continuous anaerobic digestion for kitchen waste |
| CN105903749A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-08-31 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Household garbage treatment method and system |
| CN109226211A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-18 | 长沙小如信息科技有限公司 | Disposed waste processing method |
| CN110976472B (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2021-07-16 | 武汉龙净环保工程有限公司 | Kitchen waste and household waste co-processing method |
| CN111747778A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-09 | 昆明冶金研究院有限公司 | Method for recycling solids after solid-liquid separation of kitchen waste |
| CN112139210A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-29 | 江苏森荣环保科技有限公司 | Harmless treatment process for livestock |
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