CN102022113B - Test method for monitoring stresses of flow field and interlayer during cavity constructing period of oil depot - Google Patents
Test method for monitoring stresses of flow field and interlayer during cavity constructing period of oil depot Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种监测油库建腔期流场与夹层受力的试验方法,步骤为:1)制作层状盐岩造腔模型:以能源地下储库建造地的地址资料和现场造腔工艺参数为依据,制作盐岩模块,将盐岩模块夹在两块透明有机玻璃之间;在夹层上设置应力计,通过双层套管向盐岩模块的内腔中注水,在注入的水中加有示踪粒子;2)检测分析工程实际中不利于造腔的因素:夹层赋存状态对流场的影响;流场变化对夹层受力情况的影响;通过摄像机和应力应变分析仪研究夹层与流场耦合作用对溶腔形状扩展的影响。本试验方法能更加精确定性地分析建腔期流场运移规律;实现夹层在建腔过程中受力变化规律动态监测;同时反映整个造腔过程中流场与夹层相互作用的影响规律。
The invention discloses a test method for monitoring the flow field and interlayer stress during the construction period of an oil depot. The steps are: 1) making a layered salt rock cavity model: using the address data of the construction site of the energy underground storage and the on-site cavity building process parameters As a basis, the salt rock module is made, and the salt rock module is sandwiched between two pieces of transparent plexiglass; a stress gauge is set on the interlayer, and water is injected into the inner cavity of the salt rock module through a double-layer casing, and the injected water is added with Tracer particles; 2) Detect and analyze the factors that are not conducive to cavity construction in engineering practice: the influence of interlayer occurrence state on the flow field; The effect of field coupling on the expansion of solution cavity shape. This test method can more accurately and qualitatively analyze the migration law of the flow field during the cavity construction period; realize the dynamic monitoring of the force change law of the interlayer during the cavity construction process; and at the same time reflect the influence law of the interaction between the flow field and the interlayer during the entire cavity construction process.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种岩盐造腔试验方法,尤其涉及一种监测油库建腔期流场与夹层受力的试验方法。 The invention relates to a rock-salt cavity-making test method, in particular to a test method for monitoring the flow field and interlayer stress during the cavity-building period of an oil depot.
背景技术 Background technique
相对其它能源储备方式,岩盐地下能源储备库具有安全、经济的特点,但国外岩盐地下储库仍时有事故发生(如油气渗漏、溶腔失效、地表沉陷等)。目前国外地下岩盐储库几乎都建在巨厚盐丘中,而我国可建地下储库的岩盐均为层状岩盐,具有厚度薄、夹层多、品位低、埋深大(湖北云应岩层埋深为1000m)的特点。相比之下我国地下岩盐储库建设难度更大、运行风险更高。当前盐岩溶腔建造过程中,控制岩盐地下储库的形状是减少事故和避免营运风险的主要手段之一,具有理想形状的储库具有更好的稳定性、密闭性及更长的使用寿命。但是盐岩水溶建腔是一个不可见的过程,建腔过程中腔内卤水运移规律及夹层受力特点对腔体形状扩展及腔体稳定性都有显著影响。腔内卤水流动规律是影响含夹层盐岩溶腔腔体形状扩展的关键因素,卤水流动对夹层产生的扰动力对夹层垮塌破坏也将产生重要影响,反过来夹层也会对腔内流场产生影响。现有技术手段无法实现现场监控腔内流场情况及夹层受力特征,即便勉强开展工程现场监测,其成本也相当高昂,不利于生产实际;另外,国内外目前通用的手段是通过带颜色淡水进行油气储库建造期流场分析,只能单一的进行流场分析,且监测结果受染料自身扩散系数影响较大。 Compared with other energy storage methods, rock salt underground energy storage has the characteristics of safety and economy, but foreign rock salt underground storage still has accidents (such as oil and gas leakage, dissolution cavity failure, surface subsidence, etc.). At present, almost all underground rock salt storages in foreign countries are built in huge thick salt domes, while the rock salt that can be built in my country is layered rock salt, which has the characteristics of thin thickness, many interlayers, low grade, and large burial depth (Hubei Yunying rock layer buried The depth is 1000m). In contrast, the construction of underground rock salt storage in my country is more difficult and has higher operational risks. During the current construction of salt rock caverns, controlling the shape of rock salt underground storage is one of the main means to reduce accidents and avoid operational risks. Storage with ideal shape has better stability, airtightness and longer service life. However, the construction of caverns by water dissolution of salt rock is an invisible process. During the process of cavern construction, the brine migration law in the cavern and the characteristics of interlayer stress have a significant impact on the shape expansion and stability of the cavern. The law of brine flow in the cavity is the key factor affecting the shape expansion of the interlayer-containing salt karst cavity. The disturbance force generated by brine flow on the interlayer will also have an important impact on the collapse and damage of the interlayer, and the interlayer will also affect the flow field in the cavity. . Existing technical means cannot achieve on-site monitoring of the flow field in the cavity and the force characteristics of the interlayer. Even if the on-site monitoring of the project is barely carried out, the cost is quite high, which is not conducive to actual production; in addition, the current common method at home and abroad is to use colored fresh water To analyze the flow field during the construction period of oil and gas storage, only a single flow field analysis can be performed, and the monitoring results are greatly affected by the diffusion coefficient of the dye itself.
因此,现有试验方法均存在如下不足:一、油气储库建造现场流场及盐岩夹层受力监测几乎无法实现;二、无法同时实现流场监测与夹层受力规律监测。 Therefore, the existing test methods have the following deficiencies: 1. It is almost impossible to monitor the flow field and the force monitoring of the salt rock interlayer at the construction site of oil and gas storage; 2. It is impossible to realize the monitoring of the flow field and the force law of the interlayer at the same time.
发明专利内容 Invention patent content
针对现有技术中的不足之处,本发明提供了一种监测油库建腔期流场与夹层受力的试验方法。该方法更真实的模拟含夹层盐岩造腔过程,以获得更真实的造腔工艺参数,用来指导工程实际。 Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a test method for monitoring the flow field and interlayer force during the cavity construction period of the oil depot. This method more realistically simulates the cavity-making process of interbedded salt rock, so as to obtain more realistic cavity-building process parameters, which can be used to guide engineering practice.
本发明提供的一种监测油库建腔期流场与夹层受力的试验方法,该方法包括如下步骤: The present invention provides a test method for monitoring the flow field and the force of the interlayer during the construction period of the oil depot. The method includes the following steps:
1)、制作层状盐岩造腔模型: 1) Make layered salt rock cavity model:
1.1)、根据相似理论,以能源地下储库建造地的地址资料和现场造腔工艺参数为依据,制作类似腔体剖面形状的盐岩模块,在盐岩模块的内壁上设有多个用来模拟夹层的钢片,并将盐岩模块夹在两块透明有机玻璃之间,盐岩模块的内壁与有机玻璃形成一内腔;在钢片上设置应力计,应力计的信号输出端连接应力应变分析仪;将双层套管从内腔顶部安装的有机玻璃盖板中心处插入腔内;盐岩模块、钢片的尺寸以及钢片之间的间距均按照现场比例制作; 1.1), according to the similarity theory, based on the address data of the construction site of the energy underground storage and the on-site cavity-making process parameters, a salt-rock module similar to the shape of the cavity section is made, and there are multiple holes on the inner wall of the salt-rock module Simulate the steel sheet of the interlayer, and sandwich the salt rock module between two pieces of transparent plexiglass, the inner wall of the salt rock module and the plexiglass form an inner cavity; set a stress gauge on the steel sheet, and the signal output end of the strain gauge is connected to the stress and strain Analyzer; insert the double-layer casing into the cavity from the center of the plexiglass cover plate installed on the top of the cavity; the size of the salt rock module, the steel sheet and the spacing between the steel sheets are all made according to the site scale;
1.2)、通过双层套管向盐岩模块的内腔中注水,在注入的水中加有示踪粒子;通过与双层套管连接的排卤管排卤;通过激光发射器向内腔内提供光源,并用摄像机透过有机玻璃对内腔中的流体进行摄像; 1.2), inject water into the inner cavity of the salt rock module through the double-layer casing, and add tracer particles in the injected water; discharge the brine through the brine discharge pipe connected with the double-layer casing; Provide a light source, and use a camera to take pictures of the fluid in the inner cavity through the plexiglass;
2)、检测分析工程实际中不利于造腔的因素: 2) Detect and analyze the factors that are not conducive to cavity construction in actual engineering:
2.1)、夹层赋存状态对流场的影响: 2.1), the influence of the interlayer occurrence state on the flow field:
a.改变层状盐岩造腔模型的夹层间距,层状盐岩造腔模型的其它参数不变,通过摄像机监测流场的变化规律,采用应力应变分析仪分析夹层受力的特点; a. Change the interlayer spacing of the layered salt rock cavity model, keep other parameters of the layered salt rock cavity model unchanged, monitor the change law of the flow field through the camera, and use the stress-strain analyzer to analyze the force characteristics of the interlayer;
b.改变层状盐岩造腔模型的夹层悬空长度,层状盐岩造腔模型的其它参数不变,通过摄像机监测流场的变化规律,采用应力应变分析仪分析夹层受力的特点; b. Change the suspension length of the interlayer of the layered salt rock cavity model, keep other parameters of the layered salt rock cavity model unchanged, monitor the change law of the flow field through the camera, and use the stress-strain analyzer to analyze the force characteristics of the interlayer;
c.改变层状盐岩造腔模型的夹层厚度,层状盐岩造腔模型的其它参数不变,通过摄像机监测流场的变化规律,采用应力应变分析仪分析夹层受力的特点; c. Change the interlayer thickness of the layered salt rock cavity model, keep other parameters of the layered salt rock cavity model unchanged, monitor the change law of the flow field through the camera, and use the stress-strain analyzer to analyze the force characteristics of the interlayer;
2.2)、流场变化对夹层受力情况的影响: 2.2) The influence of flow field changes on the stress of the interlayer:
a.改变层状盐岩造腔模型的注水采卤速度,层状盐岩造腔模型的其它参数不变,通过摄像机监测流场的变化规律,采用应力应变分析仪分析夹层受力的特点; a. Change the water injection and brine extraction speed of the layered salt rock cavity building model, keep other parameters of the layered salt rock cavity building model unchanged, monitor the change law of the flow field through the camera, and use the stress-strain analyzer to analyze the stress characteristics of the interlayer;
b.改变层状盐岩造腔模型的双层套管空间位置,层状盐岩造腔模型的其它参数不变,通过摄像机监测流场的变化规律,采用应力应变分析仪分析夹层受力的特点; b. Change the spatial position of the double-layer casing of the layered salt rock cavity model, keep other parameters of the layered salt rock cavity model unchanged, monitor the change law of the flow field through the camera, and use the stress-strain analyzer to analyze the force characteristics of the interlayer;
2.3)、通过摄像机和应力应变分析仪研究夹层与流场耦合作用对溶腔形状扩展的影响。 2.3) The influence of interlayer and flow field coupling on the shape expansion of the solution cavity is studied by cameras and stress-strain analyzers.
本发明的一种监测油库建腔期流场与夹层受力的试验方法与现有技术相比,具有如下优点: Compared with the prior art, a test method for monitoring the flow field and interlayer stress during the cavity construction period of the oil depot of the present invention has the following advantages:
1、能更加精确定性地分析建腔期流场运移规律; 1. It can analyze the migration law of the flow field during the cavity construction period more accurately and definitively;
2、实现夹层在建腔过程中受力变化规律动态监测; 2. Realize the dynamic monitoring of the force change law of the interlayer during cavity construction;
3、可以同时反映整个造腔过程中流场与夹层相互作用的影响规律。 3. It can simultaneously reflect the influence law of the interaction between the flow field and the interlayer during the entire cavity building process.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为层状盐岩造腔模型试验装置的结构示意图; Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of layered salt rock cavity-making model test device;
图2为图1中A—A方向的剖面图。 Fig. 2 is a sectional view along A-A direction in Fig. 1 .
附图中:1—盐岩模块; 2—钢片; 3—有机玻璃; 4—内腔; 5—应力计; 6—应力应变分析仪; 7—双层套管; 8—示踪粒子; 9—排卤管; 10—激光发射器; 11—摄像机; 12—激光控制器; 13—终端电脑; 14—注水管; 15—流量计; 16—流量计。 In the attached drawings: 1—salt rock module; 2—steel sheet; 3—plexiglass; 4—inner cavity; 5—stress gauge; 6—stress and strain analyzer; 7—double-layer casing; 8—tracer particle; 9—halogen row pipe; 10—laser transmitter; 11—camera; 12—laser controller; 13—terminal computer; 14—water injection pipe; 15—flow meter; 16—flow meter.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细地描述。 The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
一种监测油库建腔期流场与夹层受力的试验方法,该方法包括如下步骤: A test method for monitoring the flow field and interlayer stress during the cavity construction period of an oil depot. The method includes the following steps:
1)、制作层状盐岩造腔模型(如图1、2所示): 1) Make a layered salt rock cavity model (as shown in Figures 1 and 2):
1.1)、根据相似理论,以能源地下储库建造地的地址资料和现场造腔工艺参数为依据,制作类似腔体剖面形状的盐岩模块1,在盐岩模块的内壁上设置多个用来模拟夹层的钢片2(本实施例中,仅画出四个钢片),并将盐岩模块夹在两块透明的有机玻璃3之间,盐岩模块的内壁与有机玻璃3形成一内腔4;在钢片2上设置应力计5,应力计5的信号输出端连接应力应变分析仪6;内腔4的顶部安装有机玻璃盖板,将双层套管7安装在有机玻璃盖板的中心处并插入内腔中;盐岩模块1、钢片2的尺寸以及钢片2之间的间距均按照现场比例制作。
1.1), according to the similarity theory, based on the address data of the construction site of the energy underground storage and the on-site cavity-making process parameters, a salt-
1.2)、通过双层套管7向盐岩模块1的内腔4中注水,在注入的水中加有示踪粒子8;通过与双层套管7连接的排卤管9排卤;通过激光发射器10向内腔4内提供光源,并用摄像机11透过有机玻璃3对内腔4中的流体进行摄像。
1.2), water is injected into the inner cavity 4 of the
2)、检测分析工程实际中不利于造腔的因素: 2) Detect and analyze the factors that are not conducive to cavity construction in actual engineering:
2.1)、夹层赋存状态对流场的影响: 2.1), the influence of the interlayer occurrence state on the flow field:
a.改变层状盐岩造腔模型的夹层间距,层状盐岩造腔模型的其它参数不变,通过摄像机监测流场的变化规律,采用应力应变分析仪分析夹层受力的特点。 a. Change the interlayer spacing of the layered salt rock cavity model, keep other parameters of the layered salt rock cavity model unchanged, monitor the change law of the flow field through a camera, and use a stress-strain analyzer to analyze the force characteristics of the interlayer.
b.改变层状盐岩造腔模型的夹层悬空长度,层状盐岩造腔模型的其它参数不变,通过摄像机监测流场的变化规律,采用应力应变分析仪分析夹层受力的特点。 b. Change the suspended length of the interlayer of the layered salt rock cavity model, keep other parameters of the layered salt rock cavity model unchanged, monitor the change law of the flow field through a camera, and use a stress-strain analyzer to analyze the force characteristics of the interlayer.
c.改变层状盐岩造腔模型的夹层厚度,层状盐岩造腔模型的其它参数不变,通过摄像机监测流场的变化规律,采用应力应变分析仪分析夹层受力的特点。 c. Change the interlayer thickness of the layered salt rock cavity model, keep other parameters of the layered salt rock cavity model unchanged, monitor the change law of the flow field through a camera, and use a stress-strain analyzer to analyze the force characteristics of the interlayer.
2.2)、流场变化对夹层受力情况的影响: 2.2) The influence of flow field changes on the stress of the interlayer:
a.改变层状盐岩造腔模型的注水采卤速度,层状盐岩造腔模型的其它参数不变,通过摄像机监测流场的变化规律,采用应力应变分析仪分析夹层受力的特点。 a. Change the water injection and brine extraction speed of the layered salt rock cavity model, and keep other parameters of the layered salt rock cavity model unchanged. The change law of the flow field is monitored by a camera, and the stress-strain analyzer is used to analyze the force characteristics of the interlayer.
b.改变层状盐岩造腔模型的双层套管空间位置,层状盐岩造腔模型的其它参数不变,通过摄像机监测流场的变化规律,采用应力应变分析仪分析夹层受力的特点。 b. Change the spatial position of the double-layer casing of the layered salt rock cavity model, keep other parameters of the layered salt rock cavity model unchanged, monitor the change law of the flow field through a camera, and use a stress-strain analyzer to analyze the force characteristics of the interlayer.
2.3)、通过摄像机和应力应变分析仪研究夹层与流场耦合作用对溶腔形状扩展的影响。 2.3) The influence of interlayer and flow field coupling on the shape expansion of the solution cavity is studied by cameras and stress-strain analyzers.
本实施例中,由激光发射器10、激光控制器12、终端电脑13和摄像机11组成PIV检测系统。激光发射器10由激光控制器12控制,激光发射器10开启时,光束透过有机玻璃进入内腔,示踪粒子8在光照的条件下,运动轨迹十分清晰,摄像机11将监测流场的变化规律输入终端电脑13。在注水管14上设置有流量计15,在排卤管9上也设置有流量计16。
In this embodiment, a PIV detection system is composed of a
打开注水阀及示踪装置,调整流量计,开始注水造腔,调节排卤阀门,保证腔内流场处于相对稳定状态,最后开启PIV检测系统,由PIV检测系统配套软件分析腔内流场情况,试验过程中可自由调节双层套管的位置及注水流量,可观测双层套管位置改变及流量改变对流场的影响,最终实现观测含夹层腔体不同造腔条件下流场运移规律分析的目的。 Open the water injection valve and tracer device, adjust the flow meter, start water injection to build the cavity, adjust the brine discharge valve to ensure that the flow field in the cavity is in a relatively stable state, and finally turn on the PIV detection system, and analyze the flow field in the cavity by the supporting software of the PIV detection system , during the test, the position of the double-layer casing and the water injection flow can be adjusted freely, and the influence of the change of the position of the double-layer casing and the change of the flow rate on the flow field can be observed, and finally the flow field migration under different cavity construction conditions of the cavity with interlayer can be observed purpose of law analysis.
最后说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本专利的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本专利技术方案的宗旨和范围,其均应涵盖在本专利的权利要求范围当中。 Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of this patent can be carried out Modifications or equivalent replacements, without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of this patent, should be covered by the scope of claims of this patent.
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| CN102691519B (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2014-10-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司勘探开发研究院廊坊分院 | Visual physical simulation and shape control test device for cavity modeling of multi-interlayer salt rock |
| CN104459034A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-03-25 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Cavity construction physical simulation device and method of single-well single-cavity salt-cavern gas storage |
| CN104459033A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-03-25 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Salt-cavern gas storage dual-well cavity construction physical simulation device and salt-cavern gas storage dual-well cavity construction physical simulation method |
| CN105096731B (en) * | 2015-09-06 | 2017-11-07 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | The molten chamber physical simulating device and method in individual well salt cave |
| CN105181702B (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2018-01-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of laboratory simulation rock salt cavern builds the experimental rig in flow field |
| CN105911253B (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2018-06-12 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Rock salt cavern interlayer collapses simulation test device and simulation experiment method |
| CN107764509B (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2020-06-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Gas-water interface control simulation experiment system in cavity-making process of salt cavern gas storage |
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