CN102005875B - Brushless parallel-structure hybrid excitation synchronous generator without additional air gap - Google Patents
Brushless parallel-structure hybrid excitation synchronous generator without additional air gap Download PDFInfo
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- CN102005875B CN102005875B CN 201010538343 CN201010538343A CN102005875B CN 102005875 B CN102005875 B CN 102005875B CN 201010538343 CN201010538343 CN 201010538343 CN 201010538343 A CN201010538343 A CN 201010538343A CN 102005875 B CN102005875 B CN 102005875B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a brushless parallel-structure hybrid excitation synchronous generator without an additional air gap. The generator is composed of two parts, namely a permanent magnet motor (18) and an electrical excitation motor (19), wherein the permanent magnet motor (18) and the electrical excitation motor (19) are coaxially arranged in a shell (14) in parallel, the magnetic circuits of the two parts are mutually independent, and an armature winding (5) is arranged in the stator core of the two parts. A triphase or multiphase exciting winding (10) is also arranged in an electrical excitation stator core (13), and an electrical excitation rotor (11) is a smooth cylinder formed by laminating round silicon steel sheets. The purpose of changing total electromotive force and output voltage is realized by changing current and phase in the exciting winding (10) by a frequency converter to regulate the magnitude and phase of the electrical excitation induction electromotive force in the armature winding (5). Because the electrical excitation part is not provided with an additional air gap, magnetomotive force required by electrical excitation is small, and the regulation efficiency of the magnetic field is high. The electrical excitation magnetomotive force does not cause irreversible demagnetization to a permanent magnet, and brushless AC excitation is adopted to improve the reliability of the motor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the brushless without the additional air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator of a kind of hybrid exciting synchronous motor, particularly a kind of parallel construction.
Background technology
Permagnetic synchronous motor has that reliability is high, efficient is high and the advantage such as volume is little, has many advantages with respect to traditional electric excitation synchronous motor.But magneto is because rotor adopts the permanent magnetic steel excitation, air-gap field is not easy to regulate, as generator operation, when temperature raise, permanent magnetic steel can produce reversible demagnetization, and generator output voltage is reduced, in addition, when generator loading changed, especially when inductive load increased, output voltage further reduced.Usually the voltage change ratio of permanent magnet generator is in ± 10% left and right, and the reliability service of load equipment is had a negative impact.So hybrid exciting synchronous motor is suggested and carried out a large amount of research, the mixed excitation electric machine that various structures occurred, stacked system by electricity excitation magnetic field and permanent magnetic field can be divided into series excitation formula, shunt excitation formula and mixed reed-type three kinds of structures, their main thought is that permanent magnetic field is still as the main field of motor, the part that electricity excitation part regulating electric gesture need to be regulated, thus the stable of generator output voltage guaranteed.
Patent of invention (ZL.200310106346.1) has proposed a kind of mixed excitation electric machine of double-salient-pole structure, and it is made of doubly salient permanent magnet motor and electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine two parts, and two-part stator winding is contacted mutually.During rotor, magnetic circuit reluctance changes, and by changing excitation winding size of current on electric excitation partial stator, can regulate the electromotive force of electric excitation part armature winding.But this structure is utilized the reluctance type operation principle, and it is not fine making the output voltage sine, needs convertor equipment just can obtain high-quality voltage during as generator operation.
Patent of invention (ZL.200310106347.6) has proposed a kind of hybrid exciting synchronous motor of two-stage structure, and motor is divided into permagnetic synchronous motor and electric excitation synchronous motor two parts, and two parts are independent mutually on magnetic circuit, shares a cover stator armature winding.By regulating electric exciting current, get final product the size of regulating electric machine electromotive force.But because the exciting current of electric excitation part is incorporated into rotor field coil by brush and slip ring, reduced reliability and the environmental suitability of motor.
(application number: 200810024775.7) announced a kind of hybrid exciting synchronous motor of parallel construction, motor is two-stage structure, and one section is permagnetic synchronous motor, and another section is the brush-less electrically exciting synchronous machine, two sections rotor coaxial rotatings in patent application.Two sections motors are independent mutually on magnetic circuit, and stator shares a cover armature winding, and the induced electromotive force of two sections motors superposes in armature winding.Can regulate electromotive force size and the phase place of electric excitation part in armature winding by the size and Orientation that changes the excitation winding electric current, thereby realize the adjusting of whole armature winding electromotive force.But electric excitation partly adopts the claw-pole motor structure, except working gas gap, also has two sections additional air gaps on electric magnetic excitation circuit, needs to consume more electric excitation magnetic kinetic potential, has reduced electric excitation efficiency.
Patent of invention (ZL.200510112091.9) has proposed a kind of dual-feeding mixed excitation axial magnetic field magento motor, motor in axial magnetic field rotor inner ring is as the magneto part, the outer ring is electric excitation part, come regulating electric machine air gap total magnetic flux size by changing current amplitude and the direction controlled in winding in magnetic field, reach the purpose that changes the induced potential size.
Summary of the invention
Deficiency for above-mentioned prior art exists the present invention proposes the brushless without the additional air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator of a kind of parallel construction.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following technological means:
Parallel construction of the present invention is brushless without the additional air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator, is divided into magneto and electro-magnetic motor two parts in same casing, p-m rotor independent of each other and the coaxial installation of electric excitation rotor on magnetic circuit.Two parts electric machine stator iron is independent of one another, shares a cover stator armature winding, and two-part induced electromotive force superposes in armature winding.
Permagnetic synchronous motor is partly traditional surface magnetic steel or interior permanent magnet machines structure, stator core is formed by silicon steel plate stacking, stator poles/groove coordinates the even utmost point of fractional-slot/groove ratio of the traditional distributed winding of employing, to reduce the harmonic content in the armature winding electromotive force.P-m rotor is by selecting suitable pole embrace or pole form optimization further to reduce harmonic content in the armature winding electromotive force.The stator core of electricity excitation has identical teeth groove number with permanent magnetism partial stator iron core, but gullet depth is than the tooth depth of permanent magnet motor stator, be convenient to place excitation winding, electro-magnetic motor and magneto share a cover threephase armature winding, have identical winding distribution form.Also embed other cover three-phase (or heterogeneous) excitation winding identical with the p-m rotor number of poles except above-mentioned armature winding in the stator slot of electro-magnetic motor, design by the excitation winding distribution form, the resultant magnetic field harmonic wave that guarantees the exciting current generation is as much as possible little, and fundamental wave magnetic field is large as much as possible.If excitation winding is three-phase, excitation winding axis and armature winding dead in line; If the multi-phase excitation winding, wherein wherein mutually a dead in line of axis and threephase armature winding of a phase of multi-phase excitation winding.The harmonic loss of high order harmonic component magnetic field on electric excitation rotor that produces in order to reduce exciting current, the electricity excitation rotor cylinder that circular silicon steel plate stacking forms of serving as reasons, root diameter is less than the p-m rotor diameter, on rotor without winding, the air gap of electro-magnetic motor can be less than the air gap of magneto, to improve the excitation efficiency of electric excitation part.
Parallel construction of the present invention is brushless without the additional air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator compared with prior art, has following characteristics:
1. generator adopts AC excitation regulation output voltage, the adjusting that the size by controlling the symmetrical exciting current of three-phase (or heterogeneous) and phase place realize generator output voltage.
2. electric excitation winding is positioned at the stationary part of motor, and electric excitation rotor is smooth cylinder, there is no winding, has realized the non-brushing of excitation, has increased reliability and the environmental suitability of motor.
3. there is not additional air gap in electric excitation part magnetic circuit, only has working gas gap, and the required magnetomotive force of electric excitation is few, and electric excitation efficiency is high.
Due to magneto part and electro-magnetic motor on magnetic circuit independently of one another, regulate electric exciting current, can not cause the irreversible demagnetization of permanent magnet, the reliability of motor is high.
5. in the situation that electro-magnetic motor maximum saturation degree is certain, by designing electric excitation and permanent magnetism part length unshakable in one's determination, can change the adjustable range of generator output voltage.
6. by the design of stator armature winding, excitation winding distribution form and p-m rotor field structure, can obtain high-quality generator output voltage.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is elaborated:
Fig. 1 is the brushless without additional air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator axial section schematic diagram of parallel construction;
Fig. 2 is the brushless without additional air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator permanent magnetism partial cross section schematic diagram of parallel construction;
Fig. 3 is the brushless without additional air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator p-m rotor schematic cross-section of parallel construction;
Fig. 4 is the brushless without additional air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator electricity excitation division partial cross-section schematic diagram of parallel construction.
Reference numeral:
The 1-rotating shaft, the 2-bearing, the 3-end cap, the 4-permanent magnet machine rotor is unshakable in one's determination, 5-armature winding, 6-permanent magnetic steel, 7-magneto air gap, the non-magnetic screw of 8-stainless steel, the 9-permanent magnet motor stator is unshakable in one's determination, 10-electricity excitation winding, 11-electricity excitation rotor is unshakable in one's determination, 12-electricity excitation part air gap, the stator core of 13-electricity excitation, the 14-casing, 15-O grommet type seal circle, 16-fan, the 17-fan guard, 18-magneto alternator part, 19-electric excitation generator part.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, parallel construction of the present invention is brushless to be comprised of the magneto alternator 18 on the left side and electric excitation generator 19 two parts on the right without the additional air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator, is contained in same casing 14.Permanent magnet motor stator unshakable in one's determination 9 and electric excitation stator core 13 have same teeth groove number, be 36 grooves in the present embodiment, electricity excitation part stator tooth groove is darker than the permanent magnetism part, as shown in Figure 4, two parts stator shares a cover threephase armature winding 5, has also embedded three-phase electricity excitation winding 10 in electric excitation stator core 13.Permanent magnet machine rotor unshakable in one's determination 4 and electric excitation rotor iron core 11 are contained in same rotating shaft 1, p-m rotor adopts the surface magnetic steel structure, permanent magnetic steel 6 adopts the non-guide screw nail 8 of stainless steel to be fixed in rotor core 4, and as shown in Fig. 2,3,4, rotor core 4 is that two No. ten steel process.The cylinder of electricity excitation rotor unshakable in one's determination 11 for being formed by round silicon steel plate stacking, the above does not have excitation winding, and electric excitation part air gap 12 is less than magneto air gap 7, to improve electric excitation efficiency.
In order to guarantee the normal operation of generator, as shown in Figure 1, alternator shaft 1 supports by two bearings 2 at two ends, and bearing 2 is arranged in the bearing pedestal of two ends end cap 3.At the faying face place of electric generator casing 14 and two ends end cap 3, seal with O grommet type seal circle 15, to improve generator to the humidity adaptability of rainwater environment even.In order to improve the heat-sinking capability of generator, at the non-shaft stretching end of generator, fan 16 and fan guard 17 have been installed, fan 16 is arranged on the on-mechanical power input of rotating shaft 1, and generator is carried out wind-cooling heat dissipating.
The brushless operation principle without the additional air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator of parallel construction: when passing into the symmetrical alternating current exciting current in three-phase (or heterogeneous) excitation winding, formation rotating excitation magnetic field on the space of electro-magnetic motor part, the size in rotating excitation magnetic field is relevant with exciting current, exciting current is larger, and magnetic field is stronger; The space phase of rotating magnetic field is relevant with the phase place of exciting current.Regulate size and the phase place of exciting current by frequency converter, can regulate size and the phase place of electric excitation induced electromotive force in armature winding.
when moving when generator no-load running or than underload, output voltage is usually above rated voltage, pass into the AC excitation electric current this moment in the electric excitation winding of three-phase (or heterogeneous), control size and the phase place of exciting current, make the exciting current resultant magnetic field spatially with the permanent magnetic field single spin-echo, be that the exciting current resultant magnetic field is on the parallel lines of permanent magnetism magnetic pole axis, but direction and permanent magnetic field are opposite, thereby make the electric excitation electric gesture and the permanent magnetism electromotive force antiphase partly that produce in the electric excitation part of armature winding, due to magneto part electromotive force and the electro-magnetic motor electromotive force superimposed in armature winding, so in armature winding, total electromotive force reduces, output voltage maintains near rated voltage, the exciting current of this moment has been equivalent to demagnetizing effect.
When generator institute bringing onto load continues to increase, be that armature supply is when increasing to a certain numerical value, the electromotive force that permanent magnetism partly produces just balances each other with rated voltage and generator impedance drop, and do not need to provide electric exciting current this moment, and output voltage maintains near rated voltage.
when generator loading continues to increase, it is large that armature supply becomes, the motor impedance drop further increases, make output voltage lower than rated voltage, need to regulate exciting current size and phase place this moment, make same-phase on the synthetic magnetic field of exciting current and magneto magnetic field space partly, be that the exciting current resultant magnetic field is on permanent magnetism magnetic pole axis parallel lines, and direction is identical with permanent magnetic field, thereby the electromotive force same-phase of the electromotive force that electricity excitation magnetic field is responded in armature winding and permanent magnetic field induction, synthetic electromotive force in armature winding is greater than the Permanent Magnet and Electric kinetic potential, exciting current has been equivalent to increase magnetic action, output voltage continues to maintain near rated voltage.
Claims (3)
1. parallel construction is brushless without the additional air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator, its main components comprises two end caps (3), casing (14), by rotating shaft (1), permanent magnet machine rotor (4) unshakable in one's determination, permanent magnetic steel (6), the magneto alternator (18) that permanent magnet motor stator (9) unshakable in one's determination and armature winding (5) consist of, and by electric excitation rotor (11) unshakable in one's determination, electricity excitation stator core (13), the electric excitation generator (19) that electricity excitation winding (10) and armature winding (5) consist of, it is characterized in that:
-described magneto alternator (18) and electric excitation generator (19) are arranged in same casing (14) along axially being divided into two parts, and two parts magnetic circuit is independent of one another, the public rotating shaft of the rotor of two parts motor (1);
The public cover armature winding (5) of-described two parts motor has identical winding distribution form, by this armature winding (5), two parts motor is connected on circuit;
-permanent magnet machine rotor adopts the surface magnetic steel structure;
-described permanent magnet motor stator (9) unshakable in one's determination and electric excitation stator core (13) have identical teeth groove number, and stator poles/groove coordinates the utmost point of the traditional distributed winding fractional-slot of employing/groove ratio;
The groove of described electric excitation stator core (13) is than the groove depth of permanent magnet motor stator (9) unshakable in one's determination, except placing described armature winding (5), also embed described electric excitation winding (10), described electric excitation winding is a cover three-phase electricity excitation winding.
2. parallel construction is brushless without the additional air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator, and its main components comprises two end caps (3), casing (14), unshakable in one's determination by rotating shaft (1), permanent magnet machine rotor
(4), the magneto alternator (18) that consists of of permanent magnetic steel (6), permanent magnet motor stator (9) unshakable in one's determination and armature winding (5) and by the electric excitation generator of electric excitation rotor (11), electric excitation stator core (13) unshakable in one's determination, electric excitation winding (10) and armature winding (5) formation partly (19), it is characterized in that:
-described magneto alternator (18) and electric excitation generator (19) are arranged in same casing (14) along axially being divided into two parts, and two parts magnetic circuit is independent of one another, the public rotating shaft of the rotor of two parts motor (1);
The public cover armature winding (5) of-described two parts motor has identical winding distribution form, by this armature winding (5), two parts motor is connected on circuit;
-permanent magnet machine rotor adopts the surface magnetic steel structure;
-described permanent magnet motor stator (9) unshakable in one's determination and electric excitation stator core (13) have identical teeth groove number, and stator poles/groove coordinates the utmost point of the traditional distributed winding fractional-slot of employing/groove ratio;
The groove of described electric excitation stator core (13) is than the groove depth of permanent magnet motor stator (9) unshakable in one's determination, except placing described armature winding (5), also embed described electric excitation winding (10), described electric excitation winding is a heterogeneous electric excitation winding of cover.
3. generator as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described electric excitation rotor (11) the unshakable in one's determination cylinder that circular silicon steel plate stacking forms of serving as reasons does not have excitation winding on it.
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| CN 201010538343 CN102005875B (en) | 2010-11-08 | 2010-11-08 | Brushless parallel-structure hybrid excitation synchronous generator without additional air gap |
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| CN 201010538343 CN102005875B (en) | 2010-11-08 | 2010-11-08 | Brushless parallel-structure hybrid excitation synchronous generator without additional air gap |
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| CN102005875B true CN102005875B (en) | 2013-06-05 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2012062018A1 (en) * | 2010-11-08 | 2012-05-18 | 华北电力大学 | Hybrid excitation synchronous generator with coordinate structure and ac excitation control system thereof |
| CN102510082B (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2014-07-09 | 江苏新誉重工科技有限公司 | Power-grid-friendly-type wind power generating set and control method thereof |
| CN105914975B (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2018-12-04 | 湖南大学 | A kind of birotor excitation combination retarder |
| CN110829662B (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-02-09 | 南京航空航天大学 | Parallel structure hybrid excitation brushless motor and power generation system thereof |
| CN111224477A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-02 | 东华大学 | Parallel structure brushless mixed excitation synchronous generator based on harmonic winding excitation |
| CN111262410A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-09 | 东华大学 | Brushless harmonic excitation DC generator with tooth harmonic self-excitation voltage regulation capability |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1545189A (en) * | 2003-11-19 | 2004-11-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Doubly Salient Hybrid Excitation Motor |
| CN1545188A (en) * | 2003-11-19 | 2004-11-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Hybrid Excitation Synchronous Motor |
| CN1743691A (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2006-03-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | Low loss hybrid excitation inner rotor radial magnetic bearing |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1545189A (en) * | 2003-11-19 | 2004-11-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Doubly Salient Hybrid Excitation Motor |
| CN1545188A (en) * | 2003-11-19 | 2004-11-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Hybrid Excitation Synchronous Motor |
| CN1743691A (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2006-03-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | Low loss hybrid excitation inner rotor radial magnetic bearing |
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