CN102000389A - Dilator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dilator, which comprises a hollow truncated conical guide plate and at least two expansion sheets, the expansion sheets include a body with a circular arc-shaped outer peripheral surface structure and an outwardly expanded wide side, and the wide side is connected to The proximal end of the body and the bottom of the broad side are radially slidably connected to the outer surface of the guide plate through a connecting mechanism, and the axis of the expansion sheet body is parallel to the axis of the guide plate, so that the The dilator can be selectively placed in a contracted state or an expanded state. The present invention can make the patient's anus and anal canal increase gradually and controllably, thereby avoiding the occurrence of anal fissure and reducing the pain of the patient; at the same time, the present invention integrates the pre-expanding and anal-expanding design, making the product The use is simpler and more convenient. The present invention can be widely used in surgery.

Description

dilator

technical field

The invention relates to a dilator for surgical operations, which belongs to the technical field of medical instruments.

Background technique

When performing inspection, diagnosis or surgical treatment in anorectal surgery, it is necessary to stretch the anus first, and then put in other surgical instruments for inspection or treatment. The commonly used surgical instrument for opening the anus is the dilator seat, which includes a cylindrical body and a wide side for applying force at the tail of the body. The rigid cylindrical body can open the anus, and the hollow part in the cylinder is Constitutes the channel for other surgical instruments to enter the patient's body. When in use, slowly insert the body of the dilator seat from the front end to the anus until the anal canal. Since the diameter of the cylindrical body of the dilator seat is usually relatively large (generally more than 30 millimeters), the dilator seat is not easy to enter anus. The existing common way is that the doctor will first insert his fingers into the patient's anus, then forcefully stretch his hands outwards, and then insert the dilator seat into the anus. When the doctor pre-expands the anus with his fingers, he often damages the patient's anal sphincter due to excessive force in an instant, causing anal fissure and causing undue injury to the patient.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to propose a dilator that can gradually dilate the anus so as to avoid anal fissure.

The purpose of the present invention will be achieved through the following technical solutions:

A dilator, used for dilating the anus and anal canal, comprises a hollow truncated conical guide plate and at least two expansion pieces, the expansion pieces include a body with a circular arc-shaped outer peripheral surface structure and a broad side that expands outwards. The wide side is connected to the proximal end of the main body, and the bottom of the wide side is radially slidably connected to the outer surface of the guide plate through a connecting mechanism, and the axis of the expansion piece body is parallel to the guide plate. axis so that the dilator can be selectively placed in two states,

a) Contracted state: the body gathers at the distal end of the guide plate to form a hollow cylindrical structure;

b) Expanded state: the body is dispersed at the proximal end of the guide plate, and the diameter of the cylinder surrounded by the outer contour of the body at this time is greater than the diameter of the cylinder surrounded by the outer contour of the body in the contracted state .

Further, the expansion piece is symmetrically arranged on the outer surface of the guide plate.

Furthermore, the connection mechanism includes a T-shaped guide block radially arranged on the bottom of the broad side and a T-shaped sliding block radially arranged on the outer surface of the guide plate and matched with the guide block. Slot; the guide block is slidably connected in the chute, and the length of the guide block is shorter than the length of the chute.

Furthermore, a step is provided at the far end of the chute for limiting the sliding of the guide block.

Furthermore, the expansion sheet includes at least one set of first expansion sheets and at least one set of second expansion sheets, and the first expansion sheets and the second expansion sheets are distributed alternately; the first expansion sheet includes a first body , a first broadside and a first guide block; the second expansion sheet includes a second body, a second broadside and a second guide block; the guide plate is respectively symmetrically arranged with the first guide block, The second guide block is matched with the first chute and the second chute, and the length of the first chute is shorter than the length of the second chute, so that the expander can be selectively in two states ,

a) Contracted state: the first body and the second body are gathered at the distal end of the guide plate, the first body forms a hollow first column structure, and the second body forms a hollow second column shaped structure, and the second cylindrical structure is located inside the first cylindrical structure;

b) Expanded state: the first body and the second body are both distributed on the proximal end of the guide plate, and the first body and the second body together form a hollow columnar structure.

Furthermore, it includes three symmetrically distributed first expansion pieces and three symmetrically distributed second expansion pieces, and the first expansion pieces and the second expansion pieces are distributed in a staggered manner.

Furthermore, the width of the first body is greater than that of the second body, and the first body is provided with rectangular or trapezoidal windows for surgical observation or surgical treatment.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly reflected in that: the patient's anus and anal canal can be gradually and controllably enlarged, so that the anal sphincter gradually adapts to the expansion range of the dilator body, thereby avoiding The occurrence of anal fissure reduces the pain of the patient; at the same time, the present invention integrates anal pre-expansion and anal expansion, making the use of the product simpler and more convenient.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the dilator of the present invention when it is in a contracted state;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the dilator in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the dilator of the present invention when it is in an expanded state;

Figure 4 is a front view of the dilator in Figure 3;

Figure 5 is an exploded view of the dilator of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a front view of the dilator in Figure 5;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the dilator in FIG. 5 .

In the picture:

1 The first expansion piece 11 The first body 12 The first wide side

13 window 14 first guide block 2 second expansion piece

21 The second body 22 The second wide side 23 The second guide block

3 guide plate 31 first chute 32 second chute

Detailed ways

The present invention discloses a dilator, comprising: a hollow truncated conical guide disk 3, three symmetrically distributed first expansion pieces 1 and three symmetrically distributed second expansion pieces 2; the first expansion piece 1 includes a circular arc The first main body 11 and the first wide side 12 of external peripheral surface structure, the first wide side 12 is connected to the proximal end of the first main body 11, and the bottom of the first wide side 11 is radially provided with a T-shaped first A guide block 14, the outer surface of the guide plate 3 is radially provided with a T-shaped first chute 31 used in conjunction with the first guide block 14, the length of the first guide block 14 is less than the length of the first chute 31, The first guide block 14 is snapped into the first chute 31 and can slide in the first chute 31, and the axis of the first body 11 is parallel to the axis of the guide plate 3; the second expansion piece 2 has an arc shape The second main body 21 of the outer peripheral surface structure and the second wide side 22 of outward expansion, the second wide side 22 is connected to the proximal end of the second main body 21, and the bottom of the second wide side 22 is radially provided with a T-shaped second Guide block 23, the outer surface of guide plate 3 is radially provided with the second chute 32 of T-type used in conjunction with second guide block 23, the length of second guide block 23 is less than the length of second chute 32, the second The two guide blocks 23 are engaged in the second chute 32 and can slide in the second chute 32, and the axis of the second body 21 is parallel to the axis of the guide plate 3; the first expansion piece 1 and the second expansion piece 2 are distributed in a staggered manner, therefore, the first chute 31 and the second chute 32 correspondingly arranged on the guide plate 3 are also staggered in distribution.

The distal ends of the first chute 31 and the second chute 32 are respectively provided with a first step (not shown) and a second step (not shown), and the first step and the second step can limit the first expansion respectively. The radial movement of the sheet 1 and the second expansion sheet 2 prevents the separation of the first expansion sheet 1 and the second expansion sheet 2 from the guide disc 3 .

The length of the first chute 31 is shorter than the length of the second chute 32, and the curvature of the first body 11 is greater than that of the second body 21, so that the dilator in this embodiment can be selectively in two states,

a) Contracted state as shown in Figure 1-2: the first expansion piece 1 and the second expansion piece 2 are gathered at the distal ends of the first chute 31 and the second chute 32 respectively, that is, both are located at the end of the guide plate 3 At the far end, the first body 11 is gathered to form a hollow first cylindrical structure, and the second body 21 is gathered to form a hollow second cylindrical structure. Since the length of the first sliding groove 31 is smaller than the length of the second sliding groove 32, therefore, The second cylindrical structure is located inside the first cylindrical structure, that is, the outer diameter of the second cylindrical structure is smaller than the inner diameter of the first cylindrical structure;

b) Expanded state as shown in Figure 3-4: the first expansion piece 1 and the second expansion piece 2 are respectively dispersed in the proximal ends of the first chute 31 and the second chute 32, that is, both are located at the end of the guide plate 3 At the proximal end, the first expansion piece 1 and the second expansion piece 2 jointly form a hollow cylindrical structure, and the inner diameter of this cylindrical structure is larger than the outer diameter of the first cylindrical structure and the second cylindrical structure in the contracted state .

In this embodiment, the first body 11 is provided with a rectangular or trapezoidal window 13 for surgical observation or surgical treatment.

The following briefly introduces the use process of this embodiment:

Firstly, the first expansion piece 1 and the second expansion piece 2 are respectively arranged on the distal ends of the first sliding groove 31 and the second sliding groove 32, so that the dilator is in a contracted state as shown in Fig. 1-2. When the outer diameter of the distal end of the dilator is the smallest; then, hold the proximal end of the dilator with your hand, and insert the distal end into the patient's anus until the proximal end of the dilator is in contact with the patient's anus. to the edge of the anus; finally, squeeze the guide plate 3 slowly with the palm, so that the guide plate 3 slides axially inward relative to the first expansion piece 1 and the second expansion piece 2, at this time the first expansion piece 1 and the second expansion piece The expansion piece 2 slides radially outward relative to the guide plate 3, and finally is in the expanded state as shown in Figure 3-4, thereby playing the role of anal expansion. In order to make the anal expansion more controllable, the chute can be designed as a spine The toothed chute allows the guide block to stop at any ratchet every time it slides.

After the anal sphincter is expanded to an appropriate size, an observation mirror or a surgical cutting instrument is inserted into the hollow part of the guide disc 3 for surgical observation or surgical treatment. For example, in hemorrhoid surgery, the hemorrhoid tissue can be pulled from the window 13 into the hollow columnar structure, and then the PPH anastomotic instrument is used to perform the suturing operation.

Of course, the second expansion sheet 2 and the window 13 may not be provided. At this time, when the first expansion sheet 1 is in the expanded state, there is a large gap (not shown) between each other, and the gap can be filled to The role of windows 13.

The proximal end and the distal end in this article are determined according to industry practice, that is, the one closest to the doctor during the operation is the proximal end, and the opposite is the distal end.

There are still many implementations in the present invention, and all technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A kind of dilator, is used for the expansion of tubular tissue, it is characterized in that: comprise hollow truncated conical guide plate and at least two expansion pieces, described expansion piece comprises the body of arc-shaped outer peripheral surface structure and the width of outward expansion The wide side is connected to the proximal end of the main body, and the bottom of the wide side is slidably connected to the outer surface of the guide plate through a connecting mechanism, and the axis of the expansion sheet body is parallel on the axis of the guide plate, so that the dilator can be selectively in two states, a) Contracted state: the body gathers at the distal end of the guide plate to form a hollow cylindrical structure; b) Expanded state: the body is dispersed at the proximal end of the guide plate, and the diameter of the cylinder surrounded by the outer contour of the body at this time is greater than the diameter of the cylinder surrounded by the outer contour of the body in the contracted state . 2. The dilator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the expansion pieces are symmetrically arranged on the outer surface of the guide plate. 3. The expander according to claim 2, characterized in that: the connecting mechanism comprises a T-shaped guide block radially arranged on the bottom of the broad side and an outer surface radially arranged on the guide plate, and A T-shaped chute matched with the guide block; the guide block is slidably connected in the chute, and the length of the guide block is shorter than the length of the chute. 4. The dilator according to claim 3, wherein a step for limiting sliding of the guide block is provided at the distal end of the sliding slot. 5. The dilator according to claim 4, characterized in that: the expansion pieces include a set of first expansion pieces and a set of second expansion pieces, and the first expansion pieces and the second expansion pieces are distributed in a staggered manner; The first expansion sheet includes a first body, a first broadside, and a first guide block; the second expansion sheet includes a second body, a second broadside, and a second guide block; A first chute and a second chute matched with the first guide block and the second guide block are provided, and the length of the first chute is shorter than the length of the second chute, so that the The dilator can be selectively in two states, a) Contracted state: the first body and the second body are gathered at the distal end of the guide plate, the first body forms a hollow first column structure, and the second body forms a hollow second column shaped structure, and the second cylindrical structure is located inside the first cylindrical structure; b) Expanded state: the first body and the second body are both distributed on the proximal end of the guide plate, and the first body and the second body together form a hollow columnar structure. 6. The dilator according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises three symmetrically distributed first expansion pieces and three symmetrically distributed second expansion pieces, and the first expansion pieces and the second expansion pieces are staggered distributed. 7. The dilator according to claim 6, characterized in that: the width of the first body is greater than the width of the second body, and the first body is provided with rectangular or trapezoidal A window for surgical observation or surgical treatment.

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