CN101994019B - Method for preparing nickel-based alloy by stepwise adding carbon in melting process - Google Patents
Method for preparing nickel-based alloy by stepwise adding carbon in melting process Download PDFInfo
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- CN101994019B CN101994019B CN2010105151137A CN201010515113A CN101994019B CN 101994019 B CN101994019 B CN 101994019B CN 2010105151137 A CN2010105151137 A CN 2010105151137A CN 201010515113 A CN201010515113 A CN 201010515113A CN 101994019 B CN101994019 B CN 101994019B
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a nickel-based alloy by stepwise adding carbon in a melting process, which comprises: adding 66 to 70 percent of the total Ni, 16 to 20 percent of the total C, total Co, total Mo, total Cr and the rest Ni into a crucible in turn, or adding the rest Ni into a feeding tank; adding 16 to 20 percent of total C, the rest C, V-Al, Al, Ti, CrB and Zr into a feeding tank separately, namely, adding 16 to 20 percent of the total C in a refining period, the rest C in an alloying period and V-Al, Al and Ti in turn after the C is melted completely; and performing cold treatment, heating and pouring. In the invention, the technique for adding the C can reduce the gas content of the alloy; and thus, the drawbacks such as looseness caused by high gas content of the alloy in a casting forming process are overcome and the precise control of the alloy elements is realized on the premise that the deoxidation effect of the C is fully played.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the nickel-base alloy technical field, be specifically related to add step by step in the fusion process method that carbon prepares nickel-base alloy.
Background technology
The adding of C element in the nickel-base alloy fusion process all adopts in the fusion process portion C element directly to pack in the crucible, and this portion C element mainly plays the desoxydatoin in the alloy melting process, helps gas purging in the alloy, reduces the gas content in the alloy.And when containing the Cr element in the alloy; Cr element in the alloy at first pack in the crucible will with the C element of packing into the generation carbide that reacts; Thereby the deoxidizing capacity of C in the reduction alloy; C too high levels if pack in the crucible with the control that directly influences the chemical ingredients of C in the alloy, increases the Composition Control difficulty.
Summary of the invention
To the technological weak point that exists of the adding of C element in the present nickel-base alloy fusion process, the present invention provides in a kind of fusion process and adds the method that carbon prepares nickel-base alloy step by step, reaches the purpose that improves C element control accuracy.
The nickel-base alloy of melting of the present invention is the K417G alloy, and its composition is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 K417G alloy composition
The inventive method technological process is following.
(1) shove charge
In crucible from the bottom to top, the Ni total amount of packing into successively 66～70%, the C total amount 16～20%, all Co, all Mo, all Cr and residue Ni, maybe will remain Ni and pack in the intake chute.
In intake chute, separate the C total amount of packing into 16～20%, residue C, V-Al, Al, Ti, CrB and Zr.
(2) fusing of alloy
Adopt vacuum induction melting furnace to carry out melting, when vacuum induction melting furnace vacuum tightness≤0.67Pa, begin to heat up, the control temperature rise rate is 5～10 ℃/min, melts to furnace charge.Also comprise after furnace charge melts for remaining the situation that Ni packs in the intake chute in the step (1), the Ni in the intake chute is joined in the crucible.
(3) refining of alloy
When the clear final vacuum induction melting furnace vacuum tightness of alloying≤1.33Pa; With the temperature rise rate of 10～20 ℃/min, be warming up to 1520～1540 ℃ of refining temperatures, refining time 20～30min; Add 16～20% of C total amount during refining to the 8～10min; And the crucible 2～3 times of slowly fascinating, further deoxidation is degassed under the high temperature high vacuum condition, removes the detrimental impurity element and realizes the alloy homogenizing.
(4) freezing treatment of alloy
Refining finishes, and power failure is cooled to normal temperature and carries out freezing treatment, time 20～25min.
(5) alloying
After freezing treatment finishes, the vacuum tightness≤0.67Pa of control working chamber, the control temperature rise rate is 15～20 ℃/min, washes sull open, addition element.At first add residue C, treat the C fine melt after, add V-Al, Al and Ti successively, adding the Al process time is 2～5min.
Be warming up to 1500 ℃ after adding alloying element, insulation 5～8min also stirs, during fascinate crucible 2～3 times, guarantee alloy element component evenly.
Stir the back and stop to heat 7～8min,, and make the slag come-up with reduction alloy liquid temp.
Be warming up to 1500 ℃, CrB and Zr are added by intake chute, stir, the crucible 2～3 times of fascinating makes composition even.
(6) processing under cooling
Stop to heat 20～30min.
(7) cast
After cooling finished, the control temperature rise rate was 15～20 ℃/min, washes sull open, and temperature reaches 1440～1460 ℃, pours into a mould teeming speed 2～4kg/s.
The C of the present invention technology of adding can make the gas content in the alloy reduce; Thereby reduce in the foundry goods moulding process appearance of the defective such as loose that causes because of alloy gas content height; Improve the qualification rate of foundry goods; The inventive method can be guaranteed the requirement of alloy to the C constituent content under the prerequisite that the desoxydatoin that guarantees the C element is given full play to simultaneously, realizes the accurate control of alloying element.Be used for the production of K417G alloy, the content of alloy N and O all≤10ppm.The inventive method can be used for the production of other nickel-base alloy.
Embodiment
The starting material that following examples melting K417G alloy adopts should meet the requirement of table 2.
The starting material that table 2 melting K417G alloy adopts
Embodiment 1
Substep adds carbon to prepare the method technological process of nickel-base alloy following in the fusion process.
(1) shove charge
In crucible from the bottom to top, the Ni total amount of packing into successively 68%, the C total amount 18%, all Co, all Mo, all Cr and residue Ni.
In intake chute, separate the C total amount of packing into 18%, residue C, V-Al, Al, Ti, CrB and Zr.
(2) fusing of alloy
Adopt vacuum induction melting furnace to carry out melting, when vacuum induction melting furnace vacuum tightness≤0.67Pa, begin to heat up, the control temperature rise rate is 7 ℃/min, melts to furnace charge.
(3) refining of alloy
When the clear final vacuum induction melting furnace vacuum tightness of alloying≤1.33Pa; With the temperature rise rate of 15 ℃/min, be warming up to 1530 ℃ of refining temperatures, refining time 25min; Add 18% of C total amount during refining to the 9min; And the crucible 3 times of slowly fascinating, further deoxidation is degassed under the high temperature high vacuum condition, removes the detrimental impurity element and realizes the alloy homogenizing.
(4) freezing treatment of alloy
Refining finishes, and power failure is cooled to normal temperature and carries out freezing treatment, time 22min.
(5) alloying
After freezing treatment finishes, the vacuum tightness≤0.67Pa of control working chamber, the control temperature rise rate is 18 ℃/min, washes sull open, addition element.At first add residue C, treat the C fine melt after, add V-Al, Al and Ti successively, adding the Al process time is 3min.
Be warming up to 1500 ℃ after adding alloying element, insulation 6min also stirs, during fascinate crucible 3 times, guarantee alloy element component evenly.
Stir the back and stop to heat 7.5min,, and make the slag come-up with reduction alloy liquid temp.
Be warming up to 1500 ℃, CrB and Zr are added by intake chute, stir, the crucible 3 times of fascinating makes composition even.
(6) processing under cooling
Stop to heat 25min.
(7) cast
After cooling finished, the control temperature rise rate was 18 ℃/min, washes sull open, and temperature reaches 1450 ℃, pours into a mould teeming speed 3kg/s.
Embodiment 2
Substep adds carbon to prepare the method technological process of nickel-base alloy following in the fusion process.
(1) shove charge
In crucible from the bottom to top, the Ni total amount of packing into successively 70%, the C total amount 20%, all Co, all Mo and whole Cr, will remain Ni and pack in the intake chute.
In intake chute, separate the C total amount of packing into 20%, residue C, V-Al, Al, Ti, CrB and Zr.
(2) fusing of alloy
Adopt vacuum induction melting furnace to carry out melting, when vacuum induction melting furnace vacuum tightness≤0.67Pa, begin to heat up, the control temperature rise rate is 10 ℃/min, melts to furnace charge.After the furnace charge fusing, the Ni in the intake chute is joined in the crucible.
(3) refining of alloy
When the clear final vacuum induction melting furnace vacuum tightness of alloying≤1.33Pa; With the temperature rise rate of 20 ℃/min, be warming up to 1540 ℃ of refining temperatures, refining time 20min; Add 20% of C total amount during refining to the 10min; And the crucible 2 times of slowly fascinating, further deoxidation is degassed under the high temperature high vacuum condition, removes the detrimental impurity element and realizes the alloy homogenizing.
(4) freezing treatment of alloy
Refining finishes, and power failure is cooled to normal temperature and carries out freezing treatment, time 25min.
(5) alloying
After freezing treatment finishes, the vacuum tightness≤0.67Pa of control working chamber, the control temperature rise rate is 20 ℃/min, washes sull open, addition element.At first add residue C, treat the C fine melt after, add V-Al, Al and Ti successively, adding the Al process time is 5min.
Be warming up to 1500 ℃ after adding alloying element, insulation 8min also stirs, during fascinate crucible 2 times, guarantee alloy element component evenly.
Stir the back and stop to heat 8min,, and make the slag come-up with reduction alloy liquid temp.
Be warming up to 1500 ℃, CrB and Zr are added by intake chute, stir, the crucible 2 times of fascinating makes composition even.
(6) processing under cooling
Stop to heat 30min.
(7) cast
After cooling finished, the control temperature rise rate was 20 ℃/min, washes sull open, and temperature reaches 1460 ℃, pours into a mould teeming speed 4kg/s.
Embodiment 3
Substep adds carbon to prepare the method technological process of nickel-base alloy following in the fusion process.
(1) shove charge
In crucible from the bottom to top, the Ni total amount of packing into successively 66%, the C total amount 16%, all Co, all Mo, all Cr and residue Ni.
In intake chute, separate the C total amount of packing into 16%, residue C, V-Al, Al, Ti, CrB and Zr.
(2) fusing of alloy
Adopt vacuum induction melting furnace to carry out melting, when vacuum induction melting furnace vacuum tightness≤0.67Pa, begin to heat up, the control temperature rise rate is 5 ℃/min, melts to furnace charge.
(3) refining of alloy
When the clear final vacuum induction melting furnace vacuum tightness of alloying≤1.33Pa; With the temperature rise rate of 10 ℃/min, be warming up to 1520 ℃ of refining temperatures, refining time 30min; Add 16% of C total amount during refining to the 8min; And the crucible 3 times of slowly fascinating, further deoxidation is degassed under the high temperature high vacuum condition, removes the detrimental impurity element and realizes the alloy homogenizing.
(4) freezing treatment of alloy
Refining finishes, and power failure is cooled to normal temperature and carries out freezing treatment, time 20min.
(5) alloying
After freezing treatment finishes, the vacuum tightness≤0.67Pa of control working chamber, the control temperature rise rate is 15 ℃/min, washes sull open, addition element.At first add residue C, treat the C fine melt after, add V-Al, Al and Ti successively, adding the Al process time is 2min.
Be warming up to 1500 ℃ after adding alloying element, insulation 5min also stirs, during fascinate crucible 3 times, guarantee alloy element component evenly.
Stir the back and stop to heat 7min,, and make the slag come-up with reduction alloy liquid temp.
Be warming up to 1500 ℃, CrB and Zr are added by intake chute, stir, the crucible 3 times of fascinating makes composition even.
(6) processing under cooling
Stop to heat 20min.
(7) cast
After cooling finished, the control temperature rise rate was 15 ℃/min, washes sull open, and temperature reaches 1440 ℃, pours into a mould teeming speed 2kg/s.
Claims (3)
1. add the method that carbon prepares nickel-base alloy step by step in a fusion process, it is characterized in that technological process is following:
(1) shove charge
In crucible from the bottom to top, the Ni total amount of packing into successively 66～70%, the C total amount 16～20%, all Co, all Mo, all Cr and residue Ni, maybe will remain Ni and pack in the intake chute;
In intake chute, separate the C total amount of packing into 16～20%, residue C, V-Al, Al, Ti, CrB and Zr;
(2) fusing of alloy
Adopt vacuum induction melting furnace to carry out melting, when vacuum induction melting furnace vacuum tightness≤0.67Pa, begin to heat up, the control temperature rise rate is 5～10 ℃/min, melts to furnace charge; Also comprise after furnace charge melts for remaining the situation that Ni packs in the intake chute in the step (1), the Ni in the intake chute is joined in the crucible;
(3) refining of alloy
When the clear final vacuum induction melting furnace vacuum tightness of alloying≤1.33Pa, with the temperature rise rate of 10～20 ℃/min, be warming up to 1520～1540 ℃ of refining temperatures, refining time 20～30min adds 16～20% of C total amount during refining to the 8～10min,
And the crucible 2～3 times of slowly fascinating;
(4) freezing treatment of alloy
Refining finishes, and power failure is cooled to normal temperature and carries out freezing treatment, time 20～25min;
(5) alloying
After freezing treatment finishes, the vacuum tightness≤0.67Pa of control working chamber, the control temperature rise rate is 15～20 ℃/min; Wash sull open, addition element at first adds residue C; After treating the C fine melt, add V-Al, Al and Ti successively, be warming up to 1500 ℃ after adding alloying element; Insulation 5～8min also stirs, during fascinate crucible 2～3 times;
Stir the back and stop to heat 7～8min,, and make the slag come-up with reduction alloy liquid temp;
Be warming up to 1500 ℃, CrB and Zr are added by intake chute, stir, crucible 2～3 times fascinates;
(6) processing under cooling
Stop to heat 20～30min;
(7) cast
After cooling finished, the control temperature rise rate was 15～20 ℃/min, washes sull open, and temperature reaches 1440～1460 ℃, pours into a mould.
2. add the method that carbon prepares nickel-base alloy according to substep in the described fusion process of claim 1, it is characterized in that in the step (5), adding the Al process time is 2～5min.
3. add the method that carbon prepares nickel-base alloy according to substep in the described fusion process of claim 1, it is characterized in that in the step (7) teeming speed 2～4kg/s.
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| CN106048271B (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2018-08-24 | 江苏美特林科特殊合金股份有限公司 | A kind of degasification technique of high chromium nickel base superalloy |
| CN106222457B (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2018-09-28 | 李宏亮 | A kind of preparation method of high temperature alloy |
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| CN111590034A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-28 | 山东瑞泰新材料科技有限公司 | Pouring method of nickel-based alloy casting |
| CN114737072B (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-09-23 | 无锡凯斯特铸业有限公司 | A kind of K417G nickel-based superalloy refining preparation and forming method |
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| US6004408A (en) * | 1997-11-21 | 1999-12-21 | Aubert & Duval (societe anonyme) | Nickel-chrome-iron based alloy composition |
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| CN101717865A (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2010-06-02 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for melting nickel-base high-temperature return material K441alloy |
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- 2010-10-22 CN CN2010105151137A patent/CN101994019B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6004408A (en) * | 1997-11-21 | 1999-12-21 | Aubert & Duval (societe anonyme) | Nickel-chrome-iron based alloy composition |
| CN101709387A (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2010-05-19 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for smelting nickel-based high temperature recycled alloy K3030 |
| CN101717865A (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2010-06-02 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for melting nickel-base high-temperature return material K441alloy |
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